Title 40 – Protection of Environment–Volume 6

Authority:Sec. 301(a) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. sec. 1857g(a)), as amended by sec. 15(c)(2) of Pub. L. 91-604, 84 Stat. 1713, unless otherwise noted.

Source:40 FR 7049, Feb. 18, 1975, unless otherwise noted.

Subpart A – General Provisions

Source:62 FR 38784, July 18, 1997, unless otherwise noted.

§ 53.1 Definitions.

Terms used but not defined in this part shall have the meaning given them by the Act.

Act means the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 1857-1857l), as amended.

Additive and multiplicative bias means the linear regression intercept and slope of a linear plot fitted to corresponding candidate and reference method mean measurement data pairs.

Administrator means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or his or her authorized representative.

Agency means the Environmental Protection Agency.

Applicant means a person or entity who submits an application for a Federal reference method or Federal equivalent method determination under § 53.4, or a person or entity who assumes the rights and obligations of an applicant under § 53.7. Applicant may include a manufacturer, distributor, supplier, or vendor.

Automated method or analyzer means a method for measuring concentrations of an ambient air pollutant in which sample collection (if necessary), analysis, and measurement are performed automatically by an instrument.

Candidate method means a method for measuring the concentration of an air pollutant in the ambient air for which an application for a Federal reference method determination or a Federal equivalent method determination is submitted in accordance with § 53.4, or a method tested at the initiative of the Administrator in accordance with § 53.7.

Class I equivalent method means an equivalent method for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 which is based on a sampler that is very similar to the sampler specified for reference methods in appendix L or appendix O (as applicable) of part 50 of this chapter, with only minor deviations or modifications, as determined by EPA.

Class II equivalent method means an equivalent method for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 that utilizes a PM 2.5 sampler or PM 10-2.5 sampler in which integrated PM 2.5 samples or PM 10-2.5 samples are obtained from the atmosphere by filtration and subjected to a subsequent filter conditioning process followed by a gravimetric mass determination, but which is not a Class I equivalent method because of substantial deviations from the design specifications of the sampler specified for reference methods in appendix L or appendix O (as applicable) of part 50 of this chapter, as determined by EPA.

Class III equivalent method means an equivalent method for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 that is an analyzer capable of providing PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 ambient air measurements representative of one-hour or less integrated PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 concentrations as well as 24-hour measurements determined as, or equivalent to, the mean of 24 one-hour consecutive measurements.

CO means carbon monoxide.

Collocated means two or more air samplers, analyzers, or other instruments that are operated simultaneously while located side by side, separated by a distance that is large enough to preclude the air sampled by any of the devices from being affected by any of the other devices, but small enough so that all devices obtain identical or uniform ambient air samples that are equally representative of the general area in which the group of devices is located.

Federal equivalent method (FEM) means a method for measuring the concentration of an air pollutant in the ambient air that has been designated as an equivalent method in accordance with this part; it does not include a method for which an equivalent method designation has been canceled in accordance with § 53.11 or § 53.16.

Federal reference method (FRM) means a method of sampling and analyzing the ambient air for an air pollutant that is specified as a reference method in an appendix to part 50 of this chapter, or a method that has been designated as a reference method in accordance with this part; it does not include a method for which a reference method designation has been canceled in accordance with § 53.11 or § 53.16.

ISO 9001-registered facility means a manufacturing facility that is either:

(1) An International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001-registered manufacturing facility, registered to the ISO 9001 standard (by the Registrar Accreditation Board (RAB) of the American Society for Quality Control (ASQC) in the United States), with registration maintained continuously; or

(2) A facility that can be demonstrated, on the basis of information submitted to the EPA, to be operated according to an EPA-approved and periodically audited quality system which meets, to the extent appropriate, the same general requirements as an ISO 9001-registered facility for the design and manufacture of designated Federal reference method and Federal equivalent method samplers and monitors.

ISO-certified auditor means an auditor who is either certified by the Registrar Accreditation Board (in the United States) as being qualified to audit quality systems using the requirements of recognized standards such as ISO 9001, or who, based on information submitted to the EPA, meets the same general requirements as provided for ISO-certified auditors.

Manual method means a method for measuring concentrations of an ambient air pollutant in which sample collection, analysis, or measurement, or some combination thereof, is performed manually. A method for PM 10 or PM 2.5 which utilizes a sampler that requires manual preparation, loading, and weighing of filter samples is considered a manual method even though the sampler may be capable of automatically collecting a series of sequential samples.

NO means nitrogen oxide.

NO2 means nitrogen dioxide.

NOX means oxides of nitrogen and is defined as the sum of the concentrations of NO2 and NO.

O3 means ozone.

Operated simultaneously means that two or more collocated samplers or analyzers are operated concurrently with no significant difference in the start time, stop time, and duration of the sampling or measurement period.

Pb means lead.

PM means PM 10, PM 10C, PM 2.5, PM 10-2.5, or particulate matter of unspecified size range.

PM2.5 means particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 2.5 micrometers as measured by a reference method based on appendix L of part 50 of this chapter and designated in accordance with part 53 of this chapter, by an equivalent method designated in accordance with part 53 of this chapter, or by an approved regional method designated in accordance with appendix C to this part.

PM10 means particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers as measured by a reference method based on appendix J of part 50 of this chapter and designated in accordance with this part or by an equivalent method designated in accordance with this part.

PM10C means particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers as measured by a reference method based on appendix O of part 50 of this chapter and designated in accordance with this part or by an equivalent method designated in accordance with this part.

PM10-2.5 means particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 10 micrometers and greater than a nominal 2.5 micrometers as measured by a reference method based on appendix O to part 50 of this chapter and designated in accordance with this part or by an equivalent method designated in accordance with this part.

PM2.5 sampler means a device, associated with a manual method for measuring PM 2.5, designed to collect PM 2.5 from an ambient air sample, but lacking the ability to automatically analyze or measure the collected sample to determine the mass concentrations of PM 2.5 in the sampled air.

PM10 sampler means a device, associated with a manual method for measuring PM 10, designed to collect PM 10 from an ambient air sample, but lacking the ability to automatically analyze or measure the collected sample to determine the mass concentrations of PM 10 in the sampled air.

PM10C sampler means a PM 10 sampler that meets the special requirements for a PM 10C sampler that is part of a PM 10-2.5 reference method sampler, as specified in appendix O to part 50 of this chapter, or a PM 10 sampler that is part of a PM 10-2.5 sampler that has been designated as an equivalent method for PM 10-2.5.

PM10-2.5 sampler means a sampler, or a collocated pair of samplers, associated with a manual method for measuring PM 10-2.5 and designed to collect either PM 10-2.5 directly or PM 10C and PM 2.5 separately and simultaneously from concurrent ambient air samples, but lacking the ability to automatically analyze or measure the collected sample(s) to determine the mass concentrations of PM 10-2.5 in the sampled air.

Sequential samples for PM samplers means two or more PM samples for sequential (but not necessarily contiguous) time periods that are collected automatically by the same sampler without the need for intervening operator service.

SO2 means sulfur dioxide.

Test analyzer means an analyzer subjected to testing as part of a candidate method in accordance with subparts B, C, D, E, or F of this part, as applicable.

Test sampler means a PM 10 sampler, PM 2.5 sampler, or PM 10-2.5 sampler subjected to testing as part of a candidate method in accordance with subparts C, D, E, or F of this part.

Ultimate purchaser means the first person or entity who purchases a Federal reference method or a Federal equivalent method for purposes other than resale.

[71 FR 61271, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.2 General requirements for a reference method determination.

The following general requirements for a Federal reference method (FRM) determination are summarized in table A-1 of this subpart.

(a) Manual methods – (1) Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and Lead. For measuring SO2 and lead, appendixes A-2 and G of part 50 of this chapter specify unique manual FRM for measuring those pollutants. Except as provided in § 53.16, other manual methods for lead will not be considered for a reference method determination under this part.

(2) PM10. A FRM for measuring PM 10 must be a manual method that meets all requirements specified in appendix J of part 50 of this chapter and must include a PM 10 sampler that has been shown in accordance with this part to meet all requirements specified in this subpart A and subpart D of this part.

(3) PM2.5. A FRM for measuring PM 2.5 must be a manual method that meets all requirements specified in appendix L of part 50 of this chapter and must include a PM 2.5 sampler that has been shown in accordance with this part to meet the applicable requirements specified in this subpart A and subpart E of this part. Further, FRM samplers must be manufactured in an ISO 9001-registered facility, as defined in § 53.1 and as set forth in § 53.51.

(4) PM10-2.5. A FRM for measuring PM 10-2.5 must be a manual method that meets all requirements specified in appendix O of part 50 of this chapter and must include PM 10C and PM 2.5 samplers that have been shown in accordance with this part to meet the applicable requirements specified in this subpart A and subpart E of this part. Further, PM 10-2.5 FRM samplers must be manufactured in an ISO 9001-registered facility, as defined in § 53.1 and as set forth in § 53.51.

(b) Automated methods. An automated FRM for measuring SO2, CO, O3, or NO2 must utilize the measurement principle and calibration procedure specified in the appropriate appendix to part 50 of this chapter (appendix A-1 only for SO2 methods) and must have been shown in accordance with this part to meet the requirements specified in this subpart A and subpart B of this part.

[71 FR 61271, Oct. 17, 2006, as amended at 75 FR 35597, June 22, 2010]

§ 53.3 General requirements for an equivalent method determination.

(a) Manual methods. A manual Federal equivalent method (FEM) must have been shown in accordance with this part to satisfy the applicable requirements specified in this subpart A and subpart C of this part. In addition, a PM sampler associated with a manual method for PM 10, PM 2.5, or PM 10-2.5 must have been shown in accordance with this part to satisfy the following additional requirements, as applicable:

(1) PM10. A PM 10 sampler associated with a manual method for PM 10 must satisfy the requirements of subpart D of this part.

(2) PM2.5 Class I. A PM 2.5 Class I FEM sampler must also satisfy all requirements of subpart E of this part, which shall include appropriate demonstration that each and every deviation or modification from the FRM sampler specifications does not significantly alter the performance of the sampler.

(3) PM2.5 Class II. (i) A PM 2.5 Class II FEM sampler must also satisfy the applicable requirements of subparts E and F of this part or the alternative requirements in paragraph (a)(3)(ii) of this section.

(ii) In lieu of the applicable requirements specified for Class II PM 2.5 methods in subparts C and F of this part, a Class II PM 2.5 FEM sampler may alternatively meet the applicable requirements in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section and the testing, performance, and comparability requirements specified for Class III equivalent methods for PM 2.5 in subpart C of this part.

(4) PM10-2.5 Class I. A PM 10-2.5 Class I FEM sampler must also satisfy the applicable requirements of subpart E of this part (there are no additional requirements specifically for Class I PM 10-2.5 methods in subpart C of this part).

(5) PM10-2.5 Class II. (i) A PM 10-2.5 Class II FEM sampler must also satisfy the applicable requirements of subpart C of this part and also the applicable requirements and provisions of paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section, or the alternative requirements in paragraph (a)(5)(ii) of this section.

(ii) In lieu of the applicable requirements specified for Class II PM 10-2.5 methods in subpart C of this part and in paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this section, a Class II PM 10-2.5 FEM sampler may alternatively meet the applicable requirements in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) and (ii) of this section and the testing, performance, and comparability requirements specified for Class III FEMs for PM 10-2.5 in subpart C of this part.

(6) ISO 9001. All designated FEMs for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 must be manufactured in an ISO 9001-registered facility, as defined in § 53.1 and as set forth in § 53.51.

(b) Automated methods. All types of automated FEMs must have been shown in accordance with this part to satisfy the applicable requirements specified in this subpart A and subpart C of this part. In addition, an automated FEM must have been shown in accordance with this part to satisfy the following additional requirements, as applicable:

(1) An automated FEM for pollutants other than PM must be shown in accordance with this part to satisfy the applicable requirements specified in subpart B of this part.

(2) An automated FEM for PM 10 must be shown in accordance with this part to satisfy the applicable requirements of subpart D of this part.

(3) A Class III automated FEM for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 must be shown in accordance with this part to satisfy the requirements in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section, as applicable.

(i) All pertinent requirements of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, including sampling height, range of operational conditions, ambient temperature and pressure sensors, outdoor enclosure, electrical power supply, control devices and operator interfaces, data output port, operation/instruction manual, data output and reporting requirements, and any other requirements that would be reasonably applicable to the method, unless adequate (as determined by the Administrator) rationale can be provided to support the contention that a particular requirement does not or should not be applicable to the particular candidate method.

(ii) All pertinent tests and requirements of subpart E of this part, such as instrument manufacturing quality control; final assembly and inspection; manufacturer’s audit checklists; leak checks; flow rate accuracy, measurement accuracy, and flow rate cut-off; operation following power interruptions; effect of variations in power line voltage, ambient temperature and ambient pressure; and aerosol transport; unless adequate (as determined by the Administrator) rationale can be provided to support the contention that a particular test or requirement does not or should not be applicable to the particular candidate method.

(iii) Candidate methods shall be tested for and meet any performance requirements, such as inlet aspiration, particle size separation or selection characteristics, change in particle separation or selection characteristics due to loading or other operational conditions, or effects of surface exposure and particle volatility, determined by the Administrator to be necessary based on the nature, design, and specifics of the candidate method and the extent to which it deviates from the design and performance characteristics of the reference method. These performance requirements and the specific test(s) for them will be determined by Administrator for each specific candidate method or type of candidate method and may be similar to or based on corresponding tests and requirements set forth in subpart F of this part or may be special requirements and tests tailored by the Administrator to the specific nature, design, and operational characteristics of the candidate method. For example, a candidate method with an inlet design deviating substantially from the design of the reference method inlet would likely be subject to an inlet aspiration test similar to that set forth in § 53.63. Similarly, a candidate method having an inertial fractionation system substantially different from that of the reference method would likely be subject to a static fractionation test and a loading test similar to those set forth in §§ 53.64 and 53.65, respectively. A candidate method with more extensive or profound deviations from the design and function of the reference method may be subject to other tests, full wind-tunnel tests similar to those described in § 53.62, or to special tests adapted or developed individually to accommodate the specific type of measurement or operation of the candidate method.

(4) All designated FEM for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 must be manufactured in an ISO 9001-registered facility, as defined in § 53.1 and as set forth in § 53.51.

[71 FR 61271, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.4 Applications for reference or equivalent method determinations.

(a) Applications for FRM or FEM determinations shall be submitted in duplicate to: Director, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Reference and Equivalent Method Program (MD-D205-03), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 (Commercial delivery address: 4930 Old Page Road, Durham, North Carolina 27703).

(b) Each application shall be signed by an authorized representative of the applicant, shall be marked in accordance with § 53.15 (if applicable), and shall contain the following:

(1) A clear identification of the candidate method, which will distinguish it from all other methods such that the method may be referred to unambiguously. This identification must consist of a unique series of descriptors such as title, identification number, analyte, measurement principle, manufacturer, brand, model, etc., as necessary to distinguish the method from all other methods or method variations, both within and outside the applicant’s organization.

(2) A detailed description of the candidate method, including but not limited to the following: The measurement principle, manufacturer, name, model number and other forms of identification, a list of the significant components, schematic diagrams, design drawings, and a detailed description of the apparatus and measurement procedures. Drawings and descriptions pertaining to candidate methods or samplers for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 must meet all applicable requirements in reference 1 of appendix A of this subpart, using appropriate graphical, nomenclature, and mathematical conventions such as those specified in references 3 and 4 of appendix A of this subpart.

(3) A copy of a comprehensive operation or instruction manual providing a complete and detailed description of the operational, maintenance, and calibration procedures prescribed for field use of the candidate method and all instruments utilized as part of that method (under § 53.9(a)).

(i) As a minimum this manual shall include:

(A) Description of the method and associated instruments.

(B) Explanation of all indicators, information displays, and controls.

(D) Details of all initial or startup checks or acceptance tests and any auxiliary equipment required.

(E) Complete operational instructions.

(F) Calibration procedures and descriptions of required calibration equipment and standards.

(G) Instructions for verification of correct or proper operation.

(H) Trouble-shooting guidance and suggested corrective actions for abnormal operation.

(I) Required or recommended routine, periodic, and preventative maintenance and maintenance schedules.

(J) Any calculations required to derive final concentration measurements.

(K) Appropriate references to any applicable appendix of part 50 of this chapter; reference 6 of appendix A of this subpart; and any other pertinent guidelines.

(ii) The manual shall also include adequate warning of potential safety hazards that may result from normal use and/or malfunction of the method and a description of necessary safety precautions. (See § 53.9(b).) However, the previous requirement shall not be interpreted to constitute or imply any warranty of safety of the method by EPA. For samplers and automated methods, the manual shall include a clear description of all procedures pertaining to installation, operation, preventive maintenance, and troubleshooting and shall also include parts identification diagrams. The manual may be used to satisfy the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section to the extent that it includes information necessary to meet those requirements.

(4) A statement that the candidate method has been tested in accordance with the procedures described in subparts B, C, D, E, and/or F of this part, as applicable.

(5) Descriptions of test facilities and test configurations, test data, records, calculations, and test results as specified in subparts B, C, D, E, and/or F of this part, as applicable. Data must be sufficiently detailed to meet appropriate principles described in part B, sections 3.3.1 (paragraph 1) and 3.5.1 and part C, section 4.6 of reference 2 of appendix A of this subpart; and in paragraphs 1 through 3 of section 4.8 (Records) of reference 5 of appendix A of this subpart. Salient requirements from these references include the following:

(i) The applicant shall maintain and include records of all relevant measuring equipment, including the make, type, and serial number or other identification, and most recent calibration with identification of the measurement standard or standards used and their National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) traceability. These records shall demonstrate the measurement capability of each item of measuring equipment used for the application and include a description and justification (if needed) of the measurement setup or configuration in which it was used for the tests. The calibration results shall be recorded and identified in sufficient detail so that the traceability of all measurements can be determined and any measurement could be reproduced under conditions close to the original conditions, if necessary, to resolve any anomalies.

(ii) Test data shall be collected according to the standards of good practice and by qualified personnel. Test anomalies or irregularities shall be documented and explained or justified. The impact and significance of the deviation on test results and conclusions shall be determined. Data collected shall correspond directly to the specified test requirement and be labeled and identified clearly so that results can be verified and evaluated against the test requirement. Calculations or data manipulations must be explained in detail so that they can be verified.

(6) A statement that the method, analyzer, or sampler tested in accordance with this part is representative of the candidate method described in the application.

(c) For candidate automated methods and candidate manual methods for PM 10, PM 2.5, and PM 10-2.5 the application shall also contain the following:

(1) A detailed description of the quality system that will be utilized, if the candidate method is designated as a reference or equivalent method, to ensure that all analyzers or samplers offered for sale under that designation will have essentially the same performance characteristics as the analyzer(s) or samplers tested in accordance with this part. In addition, the quality system requirements for candidate methods for PM 2.5 and PM 10-2.5 must be described in sufficient detail, based on the elements described in section 4 of reference 1 (Quality System Requirements) of appendix A of this subpart. Further clarification is provided in the following sections of reference 2 of appendix A of this subpart: part A (Management Systems), sections 2.2 (Quality System and Description), 2.3 (Personnel Qualification and Training), 2.4 (Procurement of Items and Services), 2.5 (Documents and Records), and 2.7 (Planning); part B (Collection and Evaluation of Environmental Data), sections 3.1 (Planning and Scoping), 3.2 (Design of Data Collection Operations), and 3.5 (Assessment and Verification of Data Usability); and part C (Operation of Environmental Technology), sections 4.1 (Planning), 4.2 (Design of Systems), and 4.4 (Operation of Systems).

(2) A description of the durability characteristics of such analyzers or samplers (see § 53.9(c)). For methods for PM 2.5 and PM 10-2.5 the warranty program must ensure that the required specifications (see Table A-1 to this subpart) will be met throughout the warranty period and that the applicant accepts responsibility and liability for ensuring this conformance or for resolving any nonconformities, including all necessary components of the system, regardless of the original manufacturer. The warranty program must be described in sufficient detail to meet appropriate provisions of the ANSI/ASQC and ISO 9001 standards (references 1 and 2 in appendix A of this subpart) for controlling conformance and resolving nonconformance, particularly sections 4.12, 4.13, and 4.14 of reference 1 in appendix A of this subpart.

(i) Section 4.12 in reference 1 of appendix A of this subpart requires the manufacturer to establish and maintain a system of procedures for identifying and maintaining the identification of inspection and test status throughout all phases of manufacturing to ensure that only instruments that have passed the required inspections and tests are released for sale.

(ii) Section 4.13 in reference 1 of appendix A of this subpart requires documented procedures for control of nonconforming product, including review and acceptable alternatives for disposition; section 4.14 in reference 1 of appendix A of this subpart requires documented procedures for implementing corrective (4.14.2) and preventive (4.14.3) action to eliminate the causes of actual or potential nonconformities. In particular, section 4.14.3 requires that potential causes of nonconformities be eliminated by using information such as service reports and customer complaints to eliminate potential causes of nonconformities.

(d) For candidate reference or equivalent methods for PM 2.5 and Class II or Class III equivalent methods for PM 10-2.5, the applicant, if requested by EPA, shall provide to EPA for test purposes one sampler or analyzer that is representative of the sampler or analyzer associated with the candidate method. The sampler or analyzer shall be shipped FOB destination to Director, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Reference and Equivalent Method Program (MD-D205-03), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 4930 Old Page Road, Durham, North Carolina 27703, scheduled to arrive concurrent with or within 30 days of the arrival of the other application materials. This analyzer or sampler may be subjected to various tests that EPA determines to be necessary or appropriate under § 53.5(f), and such tests may include special tests not described in this part. If the instrument submitted under this paragraph malfunctions, becomes inoperative, or fails to perform as represented in the application before the necessary EPA testing is completed, the applicant shall be afforded an opportunity to repair or replace the device at no cost to EPA. Upon completion of EPA testing, the analyzer or sampler submitted under this paragraph shall be repacked by EPA for return shipment to the applicant, using the same packing materials used for shipping the instrument to EPA unless alternative packing is provided by the applicant. Arrangements for, and the cost of, return shipment shall be the responsibility of the applicant. The EPA does not warrant or assume any liability for the condition of the analyzer or sampler upon return to the applicant.

[71 FR 61271, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.5 Processing of applications.

After receiving an application for a FRM or FEM determination, the Administrator will, within 120 calendar days after receipt of the application, take one or more of the following actions:

(a) Send notice to the applicant, in accordance with § 53.8, that the candidate method has been determined to be a reference or equivalent method.

(b) Send notice to the applicant that the application has been rejected, including a statement of reasons for rejection.

(c) Send notice to the applicant that additional information must be submitted before a determination can be made and specify the additional information that is needed (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional information).

(d) Send notice to the applicant that additional test data must be submitted and specify what tests are necessary and how the tests shall be interpreted (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional test data).

(e) Send notice to the applicant that the application has been found to be substantially deficient or incomplete and cannot be processed until additional information is submitted to complete the application and specify the general areas of substantial deficiency.

(f) Send notice to the applicant that additional tests will be conducted by the Administrator, specifying the nature of and reasons for the additional tests and the estimated time required (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence 1 calendar day after the additional tests have been completed).

[71 FR 61271, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.6 Right to witness conduct of tests.

(a) Submission of an application for a reference or equivalent method determination shall constitute consent for the Administrator or the Administrator’s authorized representative, upon presentation of appropriate credentials, to witness or observe any tests required by this part in connection with the application or in connection with any modification or intended modification of the method by the applicant.

(b) The applicant shall have the right to witness or observe any test conducted by the Administrator in connection with the application or in connection with any modification or intended modification of the method by the applicant.

(c) Any tests by either party that are to be witnessed or observed by the other party shall be conducted at a time and place mutually agreeable to both parties.

§ 53.7 Testing of methods at the initiative of the Administrator.

(a) In the absence of an application for a reference or equivalent method determination, the Administrator may conduct the tests required by this part for such a determination, may compile such other information as may be necessary in the judgment of the Administrator to make such a determination, and on the basis of the tests and information may determine that a method satisfies applicable requirements of this part.

(b) In the absence of an application requesting the Administrator to consider revising an appendix to part 50 of this chapter in accordance with § 53.16, the Administrator may conduct such tests and compile such information as may be necessary in the Administrator’s judgment to make a determination under § 53.16(d) and on the basis of the tests and information make such a determination.

(c) If a method tested in accordance with this section is designated as a reference or equivalent method in accordance with § 53.8 or is specified or designated as a reference method in accordance with § 53.16, any person or entity who offers the method for sale as a reference or equivalent method thereafter shall assume the rights and obligations of an applicant for purposes of this part, with the exception of those pertaining to submission and processing of applications.

§ 53.8 Designation of reference and equivalent methods.

(a) A candidate method determined by the Administrator to satisfy the applicable requirements of this part shall be designated as a FRM or FEM (as applicable) by and upon publication of a notice of the designation in the Federal Register.

(b) Upon designation, a notice indicating that the method has been designated as a FRM or FEM shall be sent to the applicant.

(c) The Administrator will maintain a current list of methods designated as FRM or FEM in accordance with this part and will send a copy of the list to any person or group upon request. A copy of the list will be available via the Internet and may be available from other sources.

[71 FR 61276, Oct. 17, 2006, as amended at 75 FR 35597, June 22, 2010]

§ 53.9 Conditions of designation.

Designation of a candidate method as a FRM or FEM shall be conditioned to the applicant’s compliance with the following requirements. Failure to comply with any of the requirements shall constitute a ground for cancellation of the designation in accordance with § 53.11.

(a) Any method offered for sale as a FRM or FEM shall be accompanied by a copy of the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3) when delivered to any ultimate purchaser, and an electronic copy of the manual suitable for incorporating into user-specific standard operating procedure documents shall be readily available to any users.

(b) Any method offered for sale as a FRM or FEM shall generate no unreasonable hazard to operators or to the environment during normal use or when malfunctioning.

(c) Any analyzer, PM 10 sampler, PM 2.5 sampler, or PM 10-2.5 sampler offered for sale as part of an FRM or FEM shall function within the limits of the performance specifications referred to in § 53.20(a), § 53.30(a), § 53.35, § 53.50, or § 53.60, as applicable, for at least 1 year after delivery and acceptance when maintained and operated in accordance with the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3).

(d) Any analyzer, PM 10 sampler, PM 2.5 sampler, or PM 10-2.5 sampler offered for sale as a FRM or FEM shall bear a prominent, permanently affixed label or sticker indicating that the analyzer or sampler has been designated by EPA as a FRM or FEM (as applicable) in accordance with this part and displaying any designated method identification number that may be assigned by EPA.

(e) If an analyzer is offered for sale as a FRM or FEM and has one or more selectable ranges, the label or sticker required by paragraph (d) of this section shall be placed in close proximity to the range selector and shall indicate clearly which range or ranges have been designated as parts of the FRM or FEM.

(f) An applicant who offers analyzers, PM 10 samplers, PM 2.5 samplers, or PM 10-2.5 samplers for sale as FRM or FEMs shall maintain an accurate and current list of the names and mailing addresses of all ultimate purchasers of such analyzers or samplers. For a period of 7 years after publication of the FRM or FEM designation applicable to such an analyzer or sampler, the applicant shall notify all ultimate purchasers of the analyzer or sampler within 30 days if the designation has been canceled in accordance with § 53.11 or § 53.16 or if adjustment of the analyzer or sampler is necessary under § 53.11(b).

(g) If an applicant modifies an analyzer, PM 10 sampler, PM 2.5 sampler, or PM 10-2.5 sampler that has been designated as a FRM or FEM, the applicant shall not sell the modified analyzer or sampler as a reference or equivalent method nor attach a label or sticker to the modified analyzer or sampler under paragraph (d) or (e) of this section until the applicant has received notice under § 53.14(c) that the existing designation or a new designation will apply to the modified analyzer or sampler or has applied for and received notice under § 53.8(b) of a new FRM or FEM determination for the modified analyzer or sampler.

(h) An applicant who has offered PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 samplers or analyzers for sale as part of a FRM or FEM may continue to do so only so long as the facility in which the samplers or analyzers are manufactured continues to be an ISO 9001-registered facility, as set forth in subpart E of this part. In the event that the ISO 9001 registration for the facility is withdrawn, suspended, or otherwise becomes inapplicable, either permanently or for some specified time interval, such that the facility is no longer an ISO 9001-registered facility, the applicant shall notify EPA within 30 days of the date the facility becomes other than an ISO 9001-registered facility, and upon such notification, EPA shall issue a preliminary finding and notification of possible cancellation of the FRM or FEM designation under § 53.11.

[71 FR 61276, Oct. 17, 2006, as amended at 78 FR 3281, Jan. 15, 2013; 80 FR 65460, Oct. 26, 2015]

§ 53.10 Appeal from rejection of application.

Any applicant whose application for a reference or equivalent method determination has been rejected may appeal the Administrator’s decision by taking one or more of the following actions:

(a) The applicant may submit new or additional information in support of the application.

(b) The applicant may request that the Administrator reconsider the data and information already submitted.

(c) The applicant may request that any test conducted by the Administrator that was a material factor in the decision to reject the application be repeated.

§ 53.11 Cancellation of reference or equivalent method designation.

(a) Preliminary finding. If the Administrator makes a preliminary finding on the basis of any available information that a representative sample of a method designated as a reference or equivalent method and offered for sale as such does not fully satisfy the requirements of this part or that there is any violation of the requirements set forth in § 53.9, the Administrator may initiate proceedings to cancel the designation in accordance with the following procedures.

(b) Notification and opportunity to demonstrate or achieve compliance. (1) After making a preliminary finding in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section, the Administrator will send notice of the preliminary finding to the applicant, together with a statement of the facts and reasons on which the preliminary finding is based, and will publish notice of the preliminary finding in the Federal Register.

(2) The applicant will be afforded an opportunity to demonstrate or to achieve compliance with the requirements of this part within 60 days after publication of notice in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section or within such further period as the Administrator may allow, by demonstrating to the satisfaction of the Administrator that the method in question satisfies the requirements of this part, by commencing a program to make any adjustments that are necessary to bring the method into compliance, or by taking such action as may be necessary to cure any violation of the requirements of § 53.9. If adjustments are necessary to bring the method into compliance, all such adjustments shall be made within a reasonable time as determined by the Administrator. If the applicant demonstrates or achieves compliance in accordance with this paragraph (b)(2), the Administrator will publish notice of such demonstration or achievement in the Federal Register.

(c) Request for hearing. Within 60 days after publication of a notice in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the applicant or any interested person may request a hearing as provided in § 53.12.

(d) Notice of cancellation. If, at the end of the period referred to in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the Administrator determines that the reference or equivalent method designation should be canceled, a notice of cancellation will be published in the Federal Register and the designation will be deleted from the list maintained under § 53.8(c). If a hearing has been requested and granted in accordance with § 53.12, action under this paragraph (d) will be taken only after completion of proceedings (including any administrative review) conducted in accordance with § 53.13 and only if the decision of the Administrator reached in such proceedings is that the designation in question should be canceled.

§ 53.12 Request for hearing on cancellation.

Within 60 days after publication of a notice in accordance with § 53.11(b)(1), the applicant or any interested person may request a hearing on the Administrator’s action. If, after reviewing the request and supporting data, the Administrator finds that the request raises a substantial issue of fact, a hearing will be granted in accordance with § 53.13 with respect to such issue. The request shall be in writing, signed by an authorized representative of the applicant or interested person, and shall include a statement specifying:

(a) Any objections to the Administrator’s action.

(b) Data or other information in support of such objections.

§ 53.13 Hearings.

(a)(1) After granting a request for a hearing under § 53.12, the Administrator will designate a presiding officer for the hearing.

(2) If a time and place for the hearing have not been fixed by the Administrator, the hearing will be held as soon as practicable at a time and place fixed by the presiding officer, except that the hearing shall in no case be held sooner than 30 days after publication of a notice of hearing in the Federal Register.

(3) For purposes of the hearing, the parties shall include EPA, the applicant or interested person(s) who requested the hearing, and any person permitted to intervene in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.

(4) The Deputy General Counsel or the Deputy General Counsel’s representative will represent EPA in any hearing under this section.

(5) Each party other than EPA may be represented by counsel or by any other duly authorized representative.

(b)(1) Upon appointment, the presiding officer will establish a hearing file. The file shall contain copies of the notices issued by the Administrator pursuant to § 53.11(b)(1), together with any accompanying material, the request for a hearing and supporting data submitted therewith, the notice of hearing published in accordance with paragraph (a)(2) of this section, and correspondence and other material data relevant to the hearing.

(2) The hearing file shall be available for inspection by the parties or their representatives at the office of the presiding officer, except to the extent that it contains information identified in accordance with § 53.15.

(c) The presiding officer may permit any interested person to intervene in the hearing upon such a showing of interest as the presiding officer may require; provided that permission to intervene may be denied in the interest of expediting the hearing where it appears that the interests of the person seeking to intervene will be adequately represented by another party (or by other parties), including EPA.

(d)(1) The presiding officer, upon the request of any party or at the officer’s discretion, may arrange for a prehearing conference at a time and place specified by the officer to consider the following:

(i) Simplification of the issues.

(ii) Stipulations, admissions of fact, and the introduction of documents.

(iii) Limitation of the number of expert witnesses.

(iv) Possibility of agreement on disposing of all or any of the issues in dispute.

(v) Such other matters as may aid in the disposition of the hearing, including such additional tests as may be agreed upon by the parties.

(2) The results of the conference shall be reduced to writing by the presiding officer and made part of the record.

(e)(1) Hearings shall be conducted by the presiding officer in an informal but orderly and expeditious manner. The parties may offer oral or written evidence, subject to exclusion by the presiding officer of irrelevant, immaterial, or repetitious evidence.

(2) Witnesses shall be placed under oath.

(3) Any witness may be examined or cross-examined by the presiding officer, the parties, or their representatives. The presiding officer may, at his/her discretion, limit cross-examination to relevant and material issues.

(4) Hearings shall be reported verbatim. Copies of transcripts of proceedings may be purchased from the reporter.

(5) All written statements, charts, tabulations, and data offered in evidence at the hearing shall, upon a showing satisfactory to the presiding officer of their authenticity, relevancy, and materiality, be received in evidence and shall constitute part of the record.

(6) Oral argument shall be permitted. The presiding officer may limit oral presentations to relevant and material issues and designate the amount of time allowed for oral argument.

(f)(1) The presiding officer shall make an initial decision which shall include written findings and conclusions and the reasons therefore on all the material issues of fact, law, or discretion presented on the record. The findings, conclusions, and written decision shall be provided to the parties and made part of the record. The initial decision shall become the decision of the Administrator without further proceedings unless there is an appeal to, or review on motion of, the Administrator within 30 calendar days after the initial decision is filed.

(2) On appeal from or review of the initial decision, the Administrator will have all the powers consistent with making the initial decision, including the discretion to require or allow briefs, oral argument, the taking of additional evidence or the remanding to the presiding officer for additional proceedings. The decision by the Administrator will include written findings and conclusions and the reasons or basis therefore on all the material issues of fact, law, or discretion presented on the appeal or considered in the review.

§ 53.14 Modification of a reference or equivalent method.

(a) An applicant who offers a method for sale as a reference or equivalent method shall report to the EPA Administrator prior to implementation any intended modification of the method, including but not limited to modifications of design or construction or of operational and maintenance procedures specified in the operation manual (see § 53.9(g)). The report shall be signed by an authorized representative of the applicant, marked in accordance with § 53.15 (if applicable), and addressed as specified in § 53.4(a).

(b) A report submitted under paragraph (a) of this section shall include:

(1) A description, in such detail as may be appropriate, of the intended modification.

(2) A brief statement of the applicant’s belief that the modification will, will not, or may affect the performance characteristics of the method.

(3) A brief statement of the probable effect if the applicant believes the modification will or may affect the performance characteristics of the method.

(4) Such further information, including test data, as may be necessary to explain and support any statement required by paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section.

(c) Within 90 calendar days after receiving a report under paragraph (a) of this section, the Administrator will take one or more of the following actions:

(1) Notify the applicant that the designation will continue to apply to the method if the modification is implemented.

(2) Send notice to the applicant that a new designation will apply to the method (as modified) if the modification is implemented, submit notice of the determination for publication in the Federal Register, and revise or supplement the list referred to in § 53.8(c) to reflect the determination.

(3) Send notice to the applicant that the designation will not apply to the method (as modified) if the modification is implemented and submit notice of the determination for publication in the Federal Register.

(4) Send notice to the applicant that additional information must be submitted before a determination can be made and specify the additional information that is needed (in such cases, the 30-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional information).

(5) Send notice to the applicant that additional tests are necessary and specify what tests are necessary and how they shall be interpreted (in such cases, the 30-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional test data).

(6) Send notice to the applicant that additional tests will be conducted by the Administrator and specify the reasons for and the nature of the additional tests (in such cases, the 30-day period shall commence 1 calendar day after the additional tests are completed).

(d) An applicant who has received a notice under paragraph (c)(3) of this section may appeal the Administrator’s action as follows:

(1) The applicant may submit new or additional information pertinent to the intended modification.

(2) The applicant may request the Administrator to reconsider data and information already submitted.

(3) The applicant may request that the Administrator repeat any test conducted that was a material factor in the Administrator’s determination. A representative of the applicant may be present during the performance of any such retest.

[62 FR 38784, July 18, 1997, as amended at 80 FR 65460, Oct. 26, 2015]

§ 53.15 Trade secrets and confidential or privileged information.

Any information submitted under this part that is claimed to be a trade secret or confidential or privileged information shall be marked or otherwise clearly identified as such in the submittal. Information so identified will be treated in accordance with part 2 of this chapter (concerning public information).

§ 53.16 Supersession of reference methods.

(a) This section prescribes procedures and criteria applicable to requests that the Administrator specify a new reference method, or a new measurement principle and calibration procedure on which reference methods shall be based, by revision of the appropriate appendix to part 50 of this chapter. Such action will ordinarily be taken only if the Administrator determines that a candidate method or a variation thereof is substantially superior to the existing reference method(s).

(b) In exercising discretion under this section, the Administrator will consider:

(1) The benefits, in terms of the requirements and purposes of the Act, that would result from specifying a new reference method or a new measurement principle and calibration procedure.

(2) The potential economic consequences of such action for State and local control agencies.

(3) Any disruption of State and local air quality monitoring programs that might result from such action.

(c) An applicant who wishes the Administrator to consider revising an appendix to part 50 of this chapter on the ground that the applicant’s candidate method is substantially superior to the existing reference method(s) shall submit an application for a reference or equivalent method determination in accordance with § 53.4 and shall indicate therein that such consideration is desired. The application shall include, in addition to the information required by § 53.4, data and any other information supporting the applicant’s claim that the candidate method is substantially superior to the existing reference method(s).

(d) After receiving an application under paragraph (c) of this section, the Administrator will publish notice of its receipt in the Federal Register and, within 120 calendar days after receipt of the application, take one of the following actions:

(1) Determine that it is appropriate to propose a revision of the appendix to part 50 of this chapter in question and send notice of the determination to the applicant.

(2) Determine that it is inappropriate to propose a revision of the appendix to part 50 of this chapter in question, determine whether the candidate method is a reference or equivalent method, and send notice of the determinations, including a statement of reasons for the determination not to propose a revision, to the applicant.

(3) Send notice to the applicant that additional information must be submitted before a determination can be made and specify the additional information that is needed (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional information).

(4) Send notice to the applicant that additional tests are necessary, specifying what tests are necessary and how the test shall be interpreted (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence upon receipt of the additional test data).

(5) Send notice to the applicant that additional tests will be conducted by the Administrator, specifying the nature of and reasons for the additional tests and the estimated time required (in such cases, the 120-day period shall commence 1 calendar day after the additional tests have been completed).

(e)(1)(i) After making a determination under paragraph (d)(1) of this section, the Administrator will publish a notice of proposed rulemaking in the Federal Register. The notice of proposed rulemaking will indicate that the Administrator proposes:

(A) To revise the appendix to part 50 of this chapter in question.

(B) Where the appendix specifies a measurement principle and calibration procedure, to cancel reference method designations based on the appendix.

(ii) The notice of proposed rulemaking will include the terms or substance of the proposed revision, will indicate what period(s) of time the Administrator proposes to allow for replacement of existing methods under section 2.3 of appendix C to part 58 of this chapter, and will solicit public comments on the proposal with particular reference to the considerations set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.

(2)(i) If, after consideration of comments received, the Administrator determines that the appendix to part 50 in question should be revised, the Administrator will, by publication in the Federal Register:

(A) Promulgate the proposed revision, with such modifications as may be appropriate in view of comments received.

(B) Where the appendix to part 50 (prior to revision) specifies a measurement principle and calibration procedure, cancel reference method designations based on the appendix.

(D) Specify the period(s) that will be allowed for replacement of existing methods under section 2.3 of appendix C to part 58 of this chapter, with such modifications from the proposed period(s) as may be appropriate in view of comments received.

(3) Canceled designations will be deleted from the list maintained under § 53.8(c). The requirements and procedures for cancellation set forth in § 53.11 shall be inapplicable to cancellation of reference or equivalent method designations under this section.

(4) If the appendix to part 50 of this chapter in question is revised to specify a new measurement principle and calibration procedure on which the applicant’s candidate method is based, the Administrator will take appropriate action under § 53.5 to determine whether the candidate method is a reference method.

(5) Upon taking action under paragraph (e)(2) of this section, the Administrator will send notice of the action to all applicants for whose methods reference and equivalent method designations are canceled by such action.

(f) An applicant who has received notice of a determination under paragraph (d)(2) of this section may appeal the determination by taking one or more of the following actions:

(1) The applicant may submit new or additional information in support of the application.

(2) The applicant may request that the Administrator reconsider the data and information already submitted.

(3) The applicant may request that any test conducted by the Administrator that was a material factor in making the determination be repeated.

Table A-1 to Subpart A of Part 53 – Summary of Applicable Requirements for Reference and Equivalent Methods for Air Monitoring of Criteria Pollutants

Pollutant	Reference or equivalent	Manual or automated	Applicable part 50 appendix	Applicable subparts of part 53
Pollutant	Reference or equivalent	Manual or automated	Applicable part 50 appendix	A	B	C	D	E	F
SO2	Reference	Manual	A-2
		Automated	A-1	✓	✓
	Equivalent	Manual	A-1	✓		✓
		Automated	A-1	✓	✓	✓
CO	Reference	Automated	C	✓	✓
	Equivalent	Manual	C	✓		✓
		Automated	C	✓	✓	✓
O3	Reference	Automated	D	✓	✓
	Equivalent	Manual	D	✓		✓
		Automated	D	✓	✓	✓
NO2	Reference	Automated	F	✓	✓
	Equivalent	Manual	F	✓		✓
		Automated	F	✓	✓	✓
Pb	Reference	Manual	G
	Equivalent	Manual	G	✓		✓
		Automated	G	✓		✓
PM 10-Pb	Reference	Manual	Q
	Equivalent	Manual	Q	✓		✓
		Automated	Q	✓		✓
PM 10	Reference	Manual	J	✓			✓
	Equivalent	Manual	J	✓		✓	✓
		Automated	J	✓		✓	✓
PM 2.5	Reference	Manual	L	✓				✓
	Equivalent Class I	Manual	L	✓		✓		✓
	Equivalent Class II	Manual	L ¹	✓		✓ ²		✓	✓ ^{1 2}
	Equivalent Class III	Automated	L ¹	✓		✓		✓	✓ ¹
PM 10-2.5	Reference	Manual	L, O	✓				✓
	Equivalent Class I	Manual	L, O	✓		✓		✓
	Equivalent Class II	Manual	L, O	✓		✓ ²		✓	✓ ^{1 2}
	Equivalent Class III	Automated	L ¹, O ¹	✓		✓		✓	✓ ¹

1. Some requirements may apply, based on the nature of each particular candidate method, as determined by the Administrator.

2. Alternative Class III requirements may be substituted.

[75 FR 35597, June 22, 2010]

Appendix A to Subpart A of Part 53 – References

(1) American National Standard Quality Systems – Model for Quality Assurance in Design, Development, Production, Installation, and Servicing, ANSI/ISO/ASQC Q9001-1994. Available from American Society for Quality, P.O. Box 3005, Milwaukee, WI 53202 (http://qualitypress.asq.org).

(2) American National Standard Quality Systems for Environmental Data and Technology Programs – Requirements with guidance for use, ANSI/ASQC E4-2004. Available from American Society for Quality P.O. Box 3005, Milwaukee, WI 53202 (http://qualitypress.asq.org).

(3) Dimensioning and Tolerancing, ASME Y14.5M-1994. Available from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.

(4) Mathematical Definition of Dimensioning and Tolerancing Principles, ASME Y14.5.1M-1994. Available from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 East 47th Street, New York, NY 10017.

(5) ISO 10012, Quality Assurance Requirements for Measuring Equipment-Part 1: Meteorological confirmation system for measuring equipment):1992(E). Available from American Society for Quality Control, 611 East Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53202.

(6) Quality Assurance Guidance Document 2.12. Monitoring PM 2.5 in Ambient Air Using Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods. U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, November 1998 or later edition. Currently available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/pmqainf.html.

[62 FR 38784, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61278, Oct. 17, 2006]

Subpart B – Procedures for Testing Performance Characteristics of Automated Methods for SO2, CO, O3, and NO2

Source:76 FR 54326, Aug. 31, 2011, unless otherwise noted.

§ 53.20 General provisions.

(a) The test procedures given in this subpart shall be used to test the performance of candidate automated methods against the performance requirement specifications given in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53. A test analyzer representative of the candidate automated method must exhibit performance better than, or not outside, the specified limit or limits for each such performance parameter specified (except range) to satisfy the requirements of this subpart. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the measurement range of the candidate method must be the standard range specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 to satisfy the requirements of this subpart.

(b) Measurement ranges. For a candidate method having more than one selectable measurement range, one range must be the standard range specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53, and a test analyzer representative of the method must pass the tests required by this subpart while operated in that range.

(i) Higher ranges. The tests may be repeated for one or more higher (broader) ranges (i.e., ranges extending to higher concentrations) than the standard range specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53, provided that the range does not extend to concentrations more than four times the upper range limit of the standard range specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53. For such higher ranges, only the tests for range (calibration), noise at 80% of the upper range limit, and lag, rise and fall time are required to be repeated. For the purpose of testing a higher range, the test procedure of § 53.23(e) may be abridged to include only those components needed to test lag, rise and fall time.

(ii) Lower ranges. The tests may be repeated for one or more lower (narrower) ranges (i.e., ones extending to lower concentrations) than the standard range specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53. For methods for some pollutants, table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 specifies special performance limit requirements for lower ranges. If special low-range performance limit requirements are not specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53, then the performance limit requirements for the standard range apply. For lower ranges for any method, only the tests for range (calibration), noise at 0% of the measurement range, lower detectable limit, (and nitric oxide interference for SO2 UVF methods) are required to be repeated, provided the tests for the standard range shows the applicable limit specifications are met for the other test parameters.

(iii) If the tests are conducted and passed only for the specified standard range, any FRM or FEM determination with respect to the method will be limited to that range. If the tests are passed for both the specified range and one or more higher or lower ranges, any such determination will include the additional higher or lower range(s) as well as the specified standard range. Appropriate test data shall be submitted for each range sought to be included in a FRM or FEM method determination under this paragraph (b).

(c) For each performance parameter (except range), the test procedure shall be initially repeated seven (7) times to yield 7 test results. Each result shall be compared with the corresponding performance limit specification in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53; a value higher than or outside the specified limit or limits constitutes a failure. These 7 results for each parameter shall be interpreted as follows:

(1) Zero (0) failures: The candidate method passes the test for the performance parameter.

(2) Three (3) or more failures: The candidate method fails the test for the performance parameter.

(3) One (1) or two (2) failures: Repeat the test procedures for the performance parameter eight (8) additional times yielding a total of fifteen (15) test results. The combined total of 15 test results shall then be interpreted as follows:

(i) One (1) or two (2) failures: The candidate method passes the test for the performance parameter.

(ii) Three (3) or more failures: The candidate method fails the test for the performance parameter.

(d) The tests for zero drift, span drift, lag time, rise time, fall time, and precision shall be carried out in a single integrated procedure conducted at various line voltages and ambient temperatures specified in § 53.23(e). A temperature-controlled environmental test chamber large enough to contain the test analyzer is recommended for this test. The tests for noise, lower detectable limit, and interference equivalent shall be conducted at any ambient temperature between 20 °C and 30 °C, at any normal line voltage between 105 and 125 volts, and shall be conducted such that not more than three (3) test results for each parameter are obtained in any 24-hour period.

(e) If necessary, all measurement response readings to be recorded shall be converted to concentration units or adjusted according to the calibration curve constructed in accordance with § 53.21(b).

(f) All recorder chart tracings (or equivalent data plots), records, test data and other documentation obtained from or pertinent to these tests shall be identified, dated, signed by the analyst performing the test, and submitted.

Note to § 53.20:

Suggested formats for reporting the test results and calculations are provided in Figures B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, and B-6 in appendix A to this subpart. Symbols and abbreviations used in this subpart are listed in table B-5 of appendix A to this subpart.

§ 53.21 Test conditions.

(a) Set-up and start-up of the test analyzer shall be in strict accordance with the operating instructions specified in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). Allow adequate warm-up or stabilization time as indicated in the operating instructions before beginning the tests. The test procedures assume that the test analyzer has a conventional analog measurement signal output that is connected to a suitable strip chart recorder of the servo, null-balance type. This recorder shall have a chart width of at least 25 centimeters, chart speeds up to 10 cm per hour, a response time of 1 second or less, a deadband of not more than 0.25 percent of full scale, and capability either of reading measurements at least 5 percent below zero or of offsetting the zero by at least 5 percent. If the test analyzer does not have an analog signal output, or if a digital or other type of measurement data output is used for the tests, an alternative measurement data recording device (or devices) may be used for recording the test data, provided that the device is reasonably suited to the nature and purposes of the tests, and an analog representation of the analyzer measurements for each test can be plotted or otherwise generated that is reasonably similar to the analog measurement recordings that would be produced by a conventional chart recorder connected to a conventional analog signal output.

(b) Calibration of the test analyzer shall be carried out prior to conducting the tests described in this subpart. The calibration shall be as indicated in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3) and as follows: If the chart recorder or alternative data recorder does not have below zero capability, adjust either the controls of the test analyzer or the chart or data recorder to obtain a + 5% offset zero reading on the recorder chart to facilitate observing negative response or drift. If the candidate method is not capable of negative response, the test analyzer (not the data recorder) shall be operated with a similar offset zero. Construct and submit a calibration curve showing a plot of recorder scale readings or other measurement output readings (vertical or y-axis) against pollutant concentrations presented to the analyzer for measurement (horizontal or x-axis). If applicable, a plot of base analog output units (volts, millivolts, milliamps, etc.) against pollutant concentrations shall also be obtained and submitted. All such calibration plots shall consist of at least seven (7) approximately equally spaced, identifiable points, including 0 and 90 ±5 percent of the upper range limit (URL).

(c) Once the test analyzer has been set up and calibrated and the tests started, manual adjustment or normal periodic maintenance is permitted only every 3 days. Automatic adjustments which the test analyzer performs by itself are permitted at any time. The submitted records shall show clearly when any manual adjustment or periodic maintenance was made during the tests and describe the specific operations performed.

(d) If the test analyzer should malfunction during any of the performance tests, the tests for that parameter shall be repeated. A detailed explanation of the malfunction, remedial action taken, and whether recalibration was necessary (along with all pertinent records and charts) shall be submitted. If more than one malfunction occurs, all performance test procedures for all parameters shall be repeated.

(e) Tests for all performance parameters shall be completed on the same test analyzer; however, use of multiple test analyzers to accelerate testing is permissible for testing additional ranges of a multi-range candidate method.

§ 53.22 Generation of test atmospheres.

(a) Table B-2 to subpart B of part 53 specifies preferred methods for generating test atmospheres and suggested methods of verifying their concentrations. Only one means of establishing the concentration of a test atmosphere is normally required, provided that that means is adequately accurate and credible. If the method of generation can produce accurate, reproducible concentrations, verification is optional. If the method of generation is not reproducible or reasonably quantifiable, then establishment of the concentration by some credible verification method is required.

(b) The test atmosphere delivery system shall be designed and constructed so as not to significantly alter the test atmosphere composition or concentration during the period of the test. The system shall be vented to insure that test atmospheres are presented to the test analyzer at very nearly atmospheric pressure. The delivery system shall be fabricated from borosilicate glass, FEP Teflon, or other material that is inert with regard to the gas or gases to be used.

(c) The output of the test atmosphere generation system shall be sufficiently stable to obtain stable response readings from the test analyzer during the required tests. If a permeation device is used for generation of a test atmosphere, the device, as well as the air passing over it, shall be controlled to 0.1 °C.

(d) All diluent air shall be zero air free of contaminants likely to react with the test atmospheres or cause a detectable response on the test analyzer.

(e) The concentration of each test atmosphere used shall be quantitatively established and/or verified before or during each series of tests. Samples for verifying test concentrations shall be collected from the test atmosphere delivery system as close as feasible to the sample intake port of the test analyzer.

(f) The accuracy of all flow measurements used to calculate test atmosphere concentrations shall be documented and referenced to a primary flow rate or volume standard (such as a spirometer, bubble meter, etc.). Any corrections shall be clearly shown. All flow measurements given in volume units shall be standardized to 25 °C and 760 mm Hg.

(g) Schematic drawings, photos, descriptions, and other information showing complete procedural details of the test atmosphere generation, verification, and delivery system shall be provided. All pertinent calculations shall be clearly indicated.

§ 53.23 Test procedures.

(a) Range – (1) Technical definition. The nominal minimum and maximum concentrations that a method is capable of measuring.

Note to § 53.23(a)(1):

The nominal range is given as the lower and upper range limits in concentration units, for example, 0-0.5 parts per million (ppm).

(2) Test procedure. Determine and submit a suitable calibration curve, as specified in § 53.21(b), showing the test analyzer’s measurement response over at least 95 percent of the required or indicated measurement range.

Note to § 53.23(a)(2):

A single calibration curve for each measurement range for which an FRM or FEM designation is sought will normally suffice.

(b) Noise – (1) Technical definition. Spontaneous, short duration deviations in measurements or measurement signal output, about the mean output, that are not caused by input concentration changes. Measurement noise is determined as the standard deviation of a series of measurements of a constant concentration about the mean and is expressed in concentration units.

(2) Test procedure. (i) Allow sufficient time for the test analyzer to warm up and stabilize. Determine measurement noise at each of two fixed concentrations, first using zero air and then a pollutant test gas concentration as indicated below. The noise limit specification in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 shall apply to both of these tests.

(ii) For an analyzer with an analog signal output, connect an integrating-type digital meter (DM) suitable for the test analyzer’s output and accurate to three significant digits, to determine the analyzer’s measurement output signal.

Note to § 53.23(b)(2):

Use of a chart recorder in addition to the DM is optional.

(iii) Measure zero air with the test analyzer for 60 minutes. During this 60-minute interval, record twenty-five (25) test analyzer concentration measurements or DM readings at 2-minute intervals. (See Figure B-2 in appendix A of this subpart.)

(iv) If applicable, convert each DM test reading to concentration units (ppm) or adjust the test readings (if necessary) by reference to the test analyzer’s calibration curve as determined in § 53.21(b). Label and record the test measurements or converted DM readings as r1, r2, r3 . . . ri . . . r25.

(v) Calculate measurement noise as the standard deviation, S, as follows:

Where i indicates the i-th test measurement or DM reading in ppm.

(vi) Let S at 0 ppm be identified as S0; compare S0 to the noise limit specification given in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53.

(vii) Repeat steps in Paragraphs (b)(2)(iii) through (v) of this section using a pollutant test atmosphere concentration of 80 ±5 percent of the URL instead of zero air, and let S at 80 percent of the URL be identified as S80. Compare S80 to the noise limit specification given in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53.

(viii) Both S0 and S80 must be less than or equal to the table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 noise limit specification to pass the test for the noise parameter.

(c) Lower detectable limit – (1) Technical definition. The minimum pollutant concentration that produces a measurement or measurement output signal of at least twice the noise level.

(2) Test procedure. (i) Allow sufficient time for the test analyzer to warm up and stabilize. Measure zero air and record the stable measurement reading in ppm as BZ. (See Figure B-3 in appendix A of this subpart.)

(ii) Generate and measure a pollutant test concentration equal to the value for the lower detectable limit specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53.

Note to § 53.23(c)(2):

If necessary, the test concentration may be generated or verified at a higher concentration, then quantitatively and accurately diluted with zero air to the final required test concentration.

(iii) Record the test analyzer’s stable measurement reading, in ppm, as BL.

(iv) Determine the lower detectable limit (LDL) test result as LDL = BL − BZ. Compare this LDL value with the noise level, S0, determined in § 53.23(b), for the 0 concentration test atmosphere. LDL must be equal to or higher than 2 × S0 to pass this test.

(d) Interference equivalent – (1) Technical definition. Positive or negative measurement response caused by a substance other than the one being measured.

(2) Test procedure. The test analyzer shall be tested for all substances likely to cause a detectable response. The test analyzer shall be challenged, in turn, with each potential interfering agent (interferent) specified in table B-3 to subpart B of part 53. In the event that there are substances likely to cause a significant interference which have not been specified in table B-3 to subpart B of part 53, these substances shall also be tested, in a manner similar to that for the specified interferents, at a concentration substantially higher than that likely to be found in the ambient air. The interference may be either positive or negative, depending on whether the test analyzer’s measurement response is increased or decreased by the presence of the interferent. Interference equivalents shall be determined by mixing each interferent, one at a time, with the pollutant at an interferent test concentration not lower than the test concentration specified in table B-3 to subpart B of part 53 (or as otherwise required for unlisted interferents), and comparing the test analyzer’s measurement response to the response caused by the pollutant alone. Known gas-phase reactions that might occur between a listed interferent and the pollutant are designated by footnote 3 in table B-3 to subpart B of part 53. In these cases, the interference equivalent shall be determined without mixing with the pollutant.

(i) Allow sufficient time for warm-up and stabilization of the test analyzer.

(ii) For a candidate method using a prefilter or scrubber device based upon a chemical reaction to derive part of its specificity and which device requires periodic service or maintenance, the test analyzer shall be “conditioned” prior to conducting each interference test series. This requirement includes conditioning for the NO2 converter in chemiluminescence NO/NO2/NOX analyzers and for the ozone scrubber in UV-absorption ozone analyzers. Conditioning is as follows:

(A) Service or perform the indicated maintenance on the scrubber or prefilter device, as if it were due for such maintenance, as directed in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3).

(B) Before testing for each potential interferent, allow the test analyzer to sample through the prefilter or scrubber device a test atmosphere containing the interferent at a concentration not lower than the value specified in table B-3 to subpart B of part 53 (or, for unlisted potential interferents, at a concentration substantially higher than likely to be found in ambient air). Sampling shall be at the normal flow rate and shall be continued for 6 continuous hours prior to the interference test series. Conditioning for all applicable interferents prior to any of the interference tests is permissible. Also permissible is simultaneous conditioning with multiple interferents, provided no interferent reactions are likely to occur in the conditioning system.

(iii) Generate three test atmosphere streams as follows:

(A) Test atmosphere P: Pollutant test concentration.

(B) Test atmosphere I: Interferent test concentration.

(iv) Adjust the individual flow rates and the pollutant or interferent generators for the three test atmospheres as follows:

(A) The flow rates of test atmospheres I and Z shall be equal.

(B) The concentration of the pollutant in test atmosphere P shall be adjusted such that when P is mixed (diluted) with either test atmosphere I or Z, the resulting concentration of pollutant shall be as specified in table B-3 to subpart B of part 53.

(C) The concentration of the interferent in test atmosphere I shall be adjusted such that when I is mixed (diluted) with test atmosphere P, the resulting concentration of interferent shall be not less than the value specified in table B-3 to subpart B of part 53 (or as otherwise required for unlisted potential interferents).

(D) To minimize concentration errors due to flow rate differences between I and Z, it is recommended that, when possible, the flow rate of P be from 10 to 20 times larger than the flow rates of I and Z.

(v) Mix test atmospheres P and Z by passing the total flow of both atmospheres through a (passive) mixing component to insure complete mixing of the gases.

(vi) Sample and measure the mixture of test atmospheres P and Z with the test analyzer. Allow for a stable measurement reading, and record the reading, in concentration units, as R (see Figure B-3).

(vii) Mix test atmospheres P and I by passing the total flow of both atmospheres through a (passive) mixing component to insure complete mixing of the gases.

(viii) Sample and measure this mixture of P and I with the test analyzer. Record the stable measurement reading, in concentration units, as RI.

(ix) Calculate the interference equivalent (IE) test result as:

IE = RI−R.

IE must be within the limits (inclusive) specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 for each interferent tested to pass the interference equivalent test.

(x) Follow steps (iii) through (ix) of this section, in turn, to determine the interference equivalent for each listed interferent as well as for any other potential interferents identified.

(xi) For those potential interferents which cannot be mixed with the pollutant, as indicated by footnote (3) in table B-3 to subpart B of part 53, adjust the concentration of test atmosphere I to the specified value without being mixed or diluted by the pollutant test atmosphere. Determine IE as follows:

(A) Sample and measure test atmosphere Z (zero air). Allow for a stable measurement reading and record the reading, in concentration units, as R.

(B) Sample and measure the interferent test atmosphere I. If the test analyzer is not capable of negative readings, adjust the analyzer (not the recorder) to give an offset zero. Record the stable reading in concentration units as RI, extrapolating the calibration curve, if necessary, to represent negative readings.

(C) Calculate IE = RI − R. IE must be within the limits (inclusive) specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 for each interferent tested to pass the interference equivalent test.

(xii) Sum the absolute value of all the individual interference equivalent test results. This sum must be equal to or less than the total interferent limit given in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 to pass the test.

(e) Zero drift, span drift, lag time, rise time, fall time, and precision – (1) Technical definitions – (i) Zero drift: The change in measurement response to zero pollutant concentration over 12- and 24-hour periods of continuous unadjusted operation.

(ii) Span drift: The percent change in measurement response to an up-scale pollutant concentration over a 24-hour period of continuous unadjusted operation.

(iii) Lag time: The time interval between a step change in input concentration and the first observable corresponding change in measurement response.

(iv) Rise time: The time interval between initial measurement response and 95 percent of final response after a step increase in input concentration.

(v) Fall time: The time interval between initial measurement response and 95 percent of final response after a step decrease in input concentration.

(vi) Precision: Variation about the mean of repeated measurements of the same pollutant concentration, denoted as the standard deviation expressed as a percentage of the upper range limits.
258

258 NO2 precision in Table B-1 is also changed to percent to agree with the calculation specified in 53.23(e)(10)(vi).

(2) Tests for these performance parameters shall be accomplished over a period of seven (7) or fifteen (15) test days. During this time, the line voltage supplied to the test analyzer and the ambient temperature surrounding the analyzer shall be changed from day to day, as required in paragraph (e)(4) of this section. One test result for each performance parameter shall be obtained each test day, for seven (7) or fifteen (15) test days, as determined from the test results of the first seven days. The tests for each test day are performed in a single integrated procedure.

(3) The 24-hour test day may begin at any clock hour. The first approximately 12 hours of each test day are required for testing 12-hour zero drift. Tests for the other parameters shall be conducted any time during the remaining 12 hours.

(4) Table B-4 to subpart B of part 53 specifies the line voltage and room temperature to be used for each test day. The applicant may elect to specify a wider temperature range (minimum and maximum temperatures) than the range specified in table B-4 to subpart B of part 53 and to conduct these tests over that wider temperature range in lieu of the specified temperature range. If the test results show that all test parameters of this section § 53.23(e) are passed over this wider temperature range, a subsequent FRM or FEM designation for the candidate method based in part on this test shall indicate approval for operation of the method over such wider temperature range. The line voltage and temperature shall be changed to the specified values (or to the alternative, wider temperature values, if applicable) at the start of each test day (i.e., at the start of the 12-hour zero test). Initial adjustments (day zero) shall be made at a line voltage of 115 volts (rms) and a room temperature of 25 °C.

(5) The tests shall be conducted in blocks consisting of 3 test days each until 7 (or 15, if necessary) test results have been obtained. (The final block may contain fewer than three test days.) Test days need not be contiguous days, but during any idle time between tests or test days, the test analyzer must operate continuously and measurements must be recorded continuously at a low chart speed (or equivalent data recording) and included with the test data. If a test is interrupted by an occurrence other than a malfunction of the test analyzer, only the block during which the interruption occurred shall be repeated.

(6) During each test block, manual adjustments to the electronics, gas, or reagent flows or periodic maintenance shall not be permitted. Automatic adjustments that the test analyzer performs by itself are permitted at any time.

(7) At least 4 hours prior to the start of the first test day of each test block, the test analyzer may be adjusted and/or serviced according to the periodic maintenance procedures specified in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). If a new block is to immediately follow a previous block, such adjustments or servicing may be done immediately after completion of the day’s tests for the last day of the previous block and at the voltage and temperature specified for that day, but only on test days 3, 6, 9, and 12.

Note to § 53.23(e)(7):

If necessary, the beginning of the test days succeeding such maintenance or adjustment may be delayed as required to complete the service or adjustment operation.

(8) All measurement response readings to be recorded shall be converted to concentration units or adjusted (if necessary) according to the calibration curve. Whenever a test atmosphere is to be measured but a stable reading is not required, the test atmosphere shall be sampled and measured long enough to cause a change in measurement response of at least 10% of full scale. Identify all readings and other pertinent data on the strip chart (or equivalent test data record). (See Figure B-1 to subpart B of part 53 illustrating the pattern of the required readings.)

(9) Test procedure. (i) Arrange to generate pollutant test atmospheres as follows. Test atmospheres A0, A20, and A80 shall be maintained consistent during the tests and reproducible from test day to test day.

Test atmosphere	Pollutant concentration (percent)
A0	Zero air.
A20	20 ±5 of the upper range limit.
A30	30 ±5 of the upper range limit.
A80	80 ±5 of the upper range limit.
A90	90 ±5 of the upper range limit.

(ii) For steps within paragraphs (e)(9)(xxv) through (e)(9)(xxxi) of this section, a chart speed of at least 10 centimeters per hour (or equivalent resolution for a digital representation) shall be used to clearly show changes in measurement responses. The actual chart speed, chart speed changes, and time checks shall be clearly marked on the chart.

(iii) Test day 0. Allow sufficient time for the test analyzer to warm up and stabilize at a line voltage of 115 volts and a room temperature of 25 °C. Adjust the zero baseline to 5 percent of chart (see § 53.21(b)) and recalibrate, if necessary. No further adjustments shall be made to the analyzer until the end of the tests on the third, sixth, ninth, or twelfth test day.

(iv) Measure test atmosphere A0 until a stable measurement reading is obtained and record this reading (in ppm) as Z’n, where n = 0 (see Figure B-4 in appendix A of this subpart).

(v) [Reserved]

(vi) Measure test atmosphere A80. Allow for a stable measurement reading and record it as S’n, where n = 0.

(vii) The above readings for Z’0 and S’0 should be taken at least four (4) hours prior to the beginning of test day 1.

(viii) At the beginning of each test day, adjust the line voltage and room temperature to the values given in table B-4 to subpart B of part 53 (or to the corresponding alternative temperature if a wider temperature range is being tested).

(ix) Measure test atmosphere A0 continuously for at least twelve (12) continuous hours during each test day.

(x) After the 12-hour zero drift test (step ix) is complete, sample test atmosphere A0. A stable reading is not required.

(xi) Measure test atmosphere A20 and record the stable reading (in ppm) as P1. (See Figure B-4 in appendix A.)

(xii) Sample test atmosphere A30; a stable reading is not required.

(xiii) Measure test atmosphere A20 and record the stable reading as P2.

(xiv) Sample test atmosphere A0; a stable reading is not required.

(xv) Measure test atmosphere A20 and record the stable reading as P3.

(xvi) Sample test atmosphere A30; a stable reading is not required.

(xvii) Measure test atmosphere A20 and record the stable reading as P4.

(xviii) Sample test atmosphere A0; a stable reading is not required.

(xix) Measure test atmosphere A20 and record the stable reading as P5.

(xx) Sample test atmosphere A30; a stable reading is not required.

(xxi) Measure test atmosphere A20 and record the stable reading as P6.

(xxii) Measure test atmosphere A80 and record the stable reading as P7.

(xxiii) Sample test atmosphere A90; a stable reading is not required.

(xxiv) Measure test atmosphere A80 and record the stable reading as P8. Increase the chart speed to at least 10 centimeters per hour.

(xxv) Measure test atmosphere A0. Record the stable reading as L1.

(xxvi) Quickly switch the test analyzer to measure test atmosphere A80 and mark the recorder chart to show, or otherwise record, the exact time when the switch occurred.

(xxvii) Measure test atmosphere A80 and record the stable reading as P9.

(xxviii) Sample test atmosphere A90; a stable reading is not required.

(xxix) Measure test atmosphere A80 and record the stable reading as P10.

(xxx) Measure test atmosphere A0 and record the stable reading as L2.

(xxxi) Measure test atmosphere A80 and record the stable reading as P11.

(xxxii) Sample test atmosphere A90; a stable reading is not required.

(xxxiii) Measure test atmosphere A80 and record the stable reading as P12.

(xxxiv) Repeat steps within paragraphs (e)(9)(viii) through (e)(9)(xxxiii) of this section, each test day.

(xxxv) If zero and span adjustments are made after the readings are taken on test days 3, 6, 9, or 12, complete all adjustments; then measure test atmospheres A0 and A80. Allow for a stable reading on each, and record the readings as Z’n and S’n, respectively, where n = the test day number (3, 6, 9, or 12). These readings must be made at least 4 hours prior to the start of the next test day.

(10) Determine the results of each day’s tests as follows. Mark the recorder chart to show readings and determinations.

(i) Zero drift. (A) Determine the 12-hour zero drift by examining the strip chart pertaining to the 12-hour continuous zero air test. Determine the minimum (Cmin.) and maximum (Cmax.) measurement readings (in ppm) during this period of 12 consecutive hours, extrapolating the calibration curve to negative concentration units if necessary. Calculate the 12-hour zero drift (12ZD) as 12ZD = Cmax. − Cmin. (See Figure B-5 in appendix A.)

(B) Calculate the 24-hour zero drift (24ZD) for the n-th test day as 24ZDn = Zn − Zn-1, or 24ZDn = Zn − Z’n-1 if zero adjustment was made on the previous test day, where Zn =
1/2(L1 + L2) for L1 and L2 taken on the n-th test day.

(C) Compare 12ZD and 24ZD to the zero drift limit specifications in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53. Both 12ZD and 24ZD must be within the specified limits (inclusive) to pass the test for zero drift.

(ii) Span drift.

(A) Calculate the span drift (SD) as:

or if a span adjustment was made on the previous test day,

where

n indicates the n-th test day, and i indicates the i-th measurement reading on the n-th test day.

(B) SD must be within the span drift limits (inclusive) specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 to pass the test for span drift.

(iii) Lag time. Determine, from the strip chart (or alternative test data record), the elapsed time in minutes between the change in test concentration (or mark) made in step (xxvi) and the first observable (two times the noise level) measurement response. This time must be equal to or less than the lag time limit specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 to pass the test for lag time.

(iv) Rise time. Calculate 95 percent of measurement reading P9 and determine, from the recorder chart (or alternative test data record), the elapsed time between the first observable (two times noise level) measurement response and a response equal to 95 percent of the P9 reading. This time must be equal to or less than the rise time limit specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 to pass the test for rise time.

(v) Fall time. Calculate five percent of (P10 − L2) and determine, from the strip chart (or alternative test record), the elapsed time in minutes between the first observable decrease in measurement response following reading P10 and a response equal to L2 + five percent of (P10 − L2). This time must be equal to or less than the fall time limit specification in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 to pass the test for fall time.

(vi) Precision. Calculate precision (both P20 and P80) for each test day as follows:

(A)

(B)

(C) Both P20 and P80 must be equal to or less than the precision limits specified in table B-1 to subpart B of part 53 to pass the test for precision.

[76 FR 54326, Aug. 31, 2011, as amended at 80 FR 65460, Oct. 26, 2015]

Figure B-1 to Subpart B of Part 53 – Example

Table B-1 to Subpart B of Part 53 – Performance Limit Specifications for Automated Methods

Performance parameter	Units ¹	SO2		O3		CO		NO2 (Std. range)	Definitions and test procedures
Performance parameter	Units ¹	Std. range ³	Lower range 2 3	Std. range ³	Lower range 2 3	Std. range ³	Lower range 2 3	NO2 (Std. range)	Definitions and test procedures
1. Range	ppm	0-0.5		0-0.5		0-50		0-0.5	Sec. 53.23(a)
2. Noise	ppm	0.001	0.0005	0.0025	0.001	0.2	0.1	0.005	Sec. 53.23(b)
3. Lower detectable limit	ppm	0.002	0.001	0.005	0.002	0.4	0.2	0.010	Sec. 53.23(c)
4. Interference equivalent
Each interferent	ppm	±0.005	⁴ ±0.005	±0.005	±0.005	±1.0	±0.5	±0.02	Sec. 53.23(d)
Total, all interferents	ppm	–	–	–	–	–	–	0.04	Sec. 53.23(d)
5. Zero drift, 12 and 24 hour	ppm	±0.004	±0.002	±0.004	±0.002	±0.5	±0.3	±0.02	Sec. 53.23(e)
6. Span drift, 24 hour
20% of upper range limit	Percent	–	–	–	–	–	–	±20.0	Sec. 53.23(e)
80% of upper range limit	Percent	±3.0	±3.0	±3.0	±3.0	±2.0	±2.0	±5.0	Sec. 53.23(e)
7. Lag time	Minutes	2	2	2	2	2.0	2.0	20	Sec. 53.23(e)
8. Rise time	Minutes	2	2	2	2	2.0	2.0	15	Sec. 53.23(e)
9. Fall time	Minutes	2	2	2	2	2.0	2.0	15	Sec. 53.23(e)
10. Precision
20% of upper range limit		–	–	–	–	–	–		Sec. 53.23(e)
	Percent ⁵	2	2	2	2	1.0	1.0	4	Sec. 53.23(e)
80% of upper range limit		–	–	–	–	–	–		Sec. 53.23(e)
	Percent ⁵	2	2	2	2	1.0	1.0	6	Sec. 53.23(e) Sec. 53.23(e)

¹ To convert from parts per million (ppm) to µg/m
³ at 25 °C and 760 mm Hg, multiply by M/0.02447, where M is the molecular weight of the gas. Percent means percent of the upper measurement range limit.

² Tests for interference equivalent and lag time do not need to be repeated for any lower range provided the test for the standard range shows that the lower range specification (if applicable) is met for each of these test parameters.

³ For candidate analyzers having automatic or adaptive time constants or smoothing filters, describe their functional nature, and describe and conduct suitable tests to demonstrate their function aspects and verify that performances for calibration, noise, lag, rise, fall times, and precision are within specifications under all applicable conditions. For candidate analyzers with operator-selectable time constants or smoothing filters, conduct calibration, noise, lag, rise, fall times, and precision tests at the highest and lowest settings that are to be included in the FRM or FEM designation.

⁴ For nitric oxide interference for the SO2 UVF method, interference equivalent is ±0.0003 ppm for the lower range.

⁵ Standard deviation expressed as percent of the URL.

[80 FR 65460, Oct. 26, 2015]

Table B-2 to Subpart B of Part 53 – Test Atmospheres

Test gas	Generation	Verification
Ammonia	Permeation device. Similar to system described in references 1 and 2	Indophenol method, reference 3.
Carbon dioxide	Cylinder of zero air or nitrogen containing CO2 as required to obtain the concentration specified in table B-3	Use NIST-certified standards whenever possible. If NIST standards are not available, obtain 2 standards from independent sources which agree within 2 percent, or obtain one standard and submit it to an independent laboratory for analysis, which must agree within 2 percent of the supplier’s nominal analysis.
Carbon monoxide	Cylinder of zero air or nitrogen containing CO as required to obtain the concentration specified in table B-3	Use an FRM CO analyzer as described in reference 8.
Ethane	Cylinder of zero air or nitrogen containing ethane as required to obtain the concentration specified in table B-3	Gas chromatography, ASTM D2820, reference 10. Use NIST-traceable gaseous methane or propane standards for calibration.
Ethylene	Cylinder of pre-purified nitrogen containing ethylene as required to obtain the concentration specified in table B-3	Do.
Hydrogen chloride	Cylinder ¹ of pre-purified nitrogen containing approximately 100 ppm of gaseous HCl. Dilute with zero air to concentration specified in table B-3	Collect samples in bubbler containing distilled water and analyze by the mercuric thiocyanate method, ASTM (D612), p. 29, reference 4.
Hydrogen sulfide	Permeation device system described in references 1 and 2	Tentative method of analysis for H2S content of the atmosphere, p. 426, reference 5.
Methane	Cylinder of zero air containing methane as required to obtain the concentration specified in table B-3	Gas chromatography ASTM D2820, reference 10. Use NIST-traceable methane standards for calibration.
Nitric oxide	Cylinder ¹ of pre-purified nitrogen containing approximately 100 ppm NO. Dilute with zero air to required concentration	Gas phase titration as described in reference 6, section 7.1.
Nitrogen dioxide	1. Gas phase titration as described in reference 6 2. Permeation device, similar to system described in reference 6	1. Use an FRM NO2 analyzer calibrated with a gravimetrically calibrated permeation device. 2. Use an FRM NO2 analyzer calibrated by gas-phase titration as described in reference 6.
Ozone	Calibrated ozone generator as described in reference 9	Use an FEM ozone analyzer calibrated as described in reference 9.
Sulfur dioxide	1. Permeation device as described in references 1 and 2 2. Dynamic dilution of a cylinder containing approximately 100 ppm SO2 as described in Reference 7	Use an SO2 FRM or FEM analyzer as described in reference 7.
Water	Pass zero air through distilled water at a fixed known temperature between 20° and 30 °C such that the air stream becomes saturated. Dilute with zero air to concentration specified in table B-3	Measure relative humidity by means of a dew-point indicator, calibrated electrolytic or piezo electric hygrometer, or wet/dry bulb thermometer.
Xylene	Cylinder of pre-purified nitrogen containing 100 ppm xylene. Dilute with zero air to concentration specified in table B-3	Use NIST-certified standards whenever possible. If NIST standards are not available, obtain 2 standards from independent sources which agree within 2 percent, or obtain one standard and submit it to an independent laboratory for analysis, which must agree within 2 percent of the supplier’s nominal analysis.
Zero air	1. Ambient air purified by appropriate scrubbers or other devices such that it is free of contaminants likely to cause a detectable response on the analyzer 2. Cylinder of compressed zero air certified by the supplier or an independent laboratory to be free of contaminants likely to cause a detectable response on the analyzer

¹ Use stainless steel pressure regulator dedicated to the pollutant measured.

Reference 1. O’Keefe, A. E., and Ortaman, G. C. “Primary Standards for Trace Gas Analysis,” Anal. Chem. 38, 760 (1966).

Reference 2. Scaringelli, F. P., A. E. . Rosenberg, E*, and Bell, J. P., “Primary Standards for Trace Gas Analysis.” Anal. Chem. 42, 871 (1970).

Reference 3. “Tentative Method of Analysis for Ammonia in the Atmosphere (Indophenol Method)”, Health Lab Sciences, vol. 10, No. 2, 115-118, April 1973.

Reference 4. 1973 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA.

Reference 5. Methods for Air Sampling and Analysis, Intersociety Committee, 1972, American Public Health Association, 1015.

Reference 6. 40 CFR 50 Appendix F, “Measurement Principle and Calibration Principle for the Measurement of Nitrogen Dioxide in the Atmosphere (Gas Phase Chemiluminescence).”

Reference 7. 40 CFR 50 Appendix A-1, “Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of Sulfur Dioxide in the Atmosphere (Ultraviolet FIuorscence).”

Reference 8. 40 CFR 50 Appendix C, “Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of Carbon Monoxide in the Atmosphere (Non-Dispersive Infrared Photometry)”.

Reference 9. 40 CFR 50 Appendix D, “Measurement Principle and Calibration Procedure for the Measurement of Ozone in the Atmosphere”.

Reference 10. “Standard Test Method for C, through C5 Hydrocarbons in the Atmosphere by Gas Chromatography”, D 2820, 1987 Annual Book of Aston Standards, vol 11.03, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA 19103.

Table B-3 to Subpart B of Part 53 – Interferent Test Concentration,
1 Parts per Million

Pollutant	Analyzer type	Hydro-chloric acid	Ammonia	Hydrogen sulfide	Sulfur dioxide	Nitrogen dioxide	Nitric oxide	Carbon dioxide	Ethylene	Ozone	Mxy- lene	Water vapor	Carbon monoxide	Methane	Ethane	Naphthalene
SO2	Ultraviolet fluorescence			⁵ 0.1	⁴ 0.14	0.5	0.5			0.5	0.2	20,000				⁶ 0.05
SO2	Flame photometric			0.01	⁴ 0.14			750				³ 20,000	50
SO2	Gas chromatography			0.1	⁴ 0.14			750				³ 20,000	50
SO2	Spectrophotometric-wet chemical (pararosanaline)	0.2	0.1	0.1	⁴ 0.14	0.5		750		0.5
SO2	Electrochemical	0.2	0.1	0.1	⁴ 0.14	0.5	0.5		0.2	0.5		³ 20,000
SO2	Conductivity	0.2	0.1		⁴ 0.14	0.5		750
SO2	Spectrophotometric-gas phase, including DOAS				⁴ 0.14	0.5				0.5	0.2
O3	Chemiluminescent			³ 0.1				750		⁴ 0.08		³ 20,000
O3	Electrochemical		³ 0.1		0.5	0.5				⁴ 0.08
O3	Spectrophotometric-wet chemical (potassium iodide)		³ 0.1		0.5	0.5	³ 0.5			⁴ 0.08
O3	Spectrophotometric-gas phase, including ultraviolet absorption and DOAS)				0.5	0.5	0.5			⁴ 0.08	0.02	20,000
CO	Non-dispersive Infrared							750				20,000	⁴ 10
CO	Gas chromatography with flame ionization detector											20,000	⁴ 10		0.5
CO	Electrochemical						0.5		0.2			20,000	⁴ 10
CO	Catalytic combustion-thermal detection		0.1					750	0.2			20,000	⁴ 10	5.0	0.5
CO	IR fluorescence							750				20,000	⁴ 10		0.5
CO	Mercury replacement-UV photometric								0.2				⁴ 10		0.5
NO2	Chemiluminescent		³ 0.1		0.5	⁴ 0.1	0.5					20,000
NO2	Spectrophotometric-wet chemical (azo-dye reaction)				0.5	⁴ 0.1	0.5	750		0.5
NO2	Electrochemical	0.2	³ 0.1		0.5	⁴ 0.1	0.5	750		0.5		20,000	50
NO2	Spectrophotometric-gas phase		³ 0.1		0.5	⁴ 0.1	0.5			0.5		20,000	50

¹ Concentrations of interferent listed must be prepared and controlled to ±10 percent of the stated value.

² Analyzer types not listed will be considered by the Administrator as special cases.

³ Do not mix with the pollutant.

⁴ Concentration of pollutant used for test. These pollutant concentrations must be prepared to ±10 percent of the stated value.

⁵ If candidate method utilizes an elevated-temperature scrubber for removal of aromatic hydrocarbons, perform this interference test.

⁶ If naphthalene test concentration cannot be accurately quantified, remove the scrubber, use a test concentration that causes a full scale response, reattach the scrubber, and evaluate response for interference.

Table B-4 to Subpart B of Part 53 – Line Voltage and Room Temperature Test Conditions

Test day	Line voltage, ¹ rms	Room temperature, ² °C	Comments
0	115	25	Initial set-up and adjustments.
1	125	20
2	105	20
3	125	30	Adjustments and/or periodic maintenance permitted at end of tests.
4	105	30
5	125	20
6	105	20	Adjustments and/or periodic maintenance permitted at end of tests.
7	125	30	Examine test results to ascertain if further testing is required.
8	105	30
9	125	20	Adjustments and/or periodic maintenance permitted at end of tests.
10	105	20
11	125	30
12	105	30	Adjustments and/or periodic maintenance permitted at end of tests.
13	125	20
14	105	20
15	125	30

¹ Voltage specified shall be controlled to ±1 volt.

² Temperatures shall be controlled to ±1 °C.

Table B-5 to Subpart B of Part 53 – Symbols and Abbreviations

BL – Analyzer reading at the specified LDL test concentration for the LDL test.

BZ – analyzer reading at 0 concentration for the LDL test.

DM – Digital meter.

Cmax – Maximum analyzer reading during the 12ZD test period.

Cmin – Minimum analyzer reading during the 12ZD test period.

i – Subscript indicating the i-th quantity in a series.

IE – Interference equivalent.

L1 – First analyzer zero reading for the 24ZD test.

L2 – Second analyzer zero reading for the 24ZD test.

n – Subscript indicating the test day number.

P – Analyzer reading for the span drift and precision tests.

Pi – The i-th analyzer reading for the span drift and precision tests.

P20 – Precision at 20 percent of URL.

P80 – Precision at 80 percent of URL.

ppb – Parts per billion of pollutant gas (usually in air), by volume.

ppm – Parts per million of pollutant gas (usually in air), by volume.

R – Analyzer reading of pollutant alone for the IE test.

R1 – Analyzer reading with interferent added for the IE test.

ri – the i-th analyzer or DM reading for the noise test.

S – Standard deviation of the noise test readings.

S0 – Noise value (S) measured at 0 concentration.

S80 – Noise value (S) measured at 80 percent of the URL.

Sn – Average of P7 . . . P12 for the n-th test day of the SD test.

S’n – Adjusted span reading on the n-th test day.

SD – Span drift

URL – Upper range limit of the analyzer’s measurement range.

Z – Average of L1 and L2 readings for the 24ZD test.

Zn – Average of L1 and L2 readings on the n-th test day for the 24ZD test.

Z’n – Adjusted analyzer zero reading on the n-the test day for the 24ZD test.

ZD – Zero drift.

12ZD – 12-hour zero drift.

24ZD – 24-hour zero drift.

Appendix A to Subpart B of Part 53 – Optional Forms for Reporting Test Results

Subpart C – Procedures for Determining Comparability Between Candidate Methods and Reference Methods

Source:71 FR 61278, Oct. 17, 2006, unless otherwise noted.

§ 53.30 General provisions.

(a) Determination of comparability. The test procedures prescribed in this subpart shall be used to determine if a candidate method is comparable to a reference method when both methods measure pollutant concentrations in ambient air. Minor deviations in testing requirements and acceptance requirements set forth in this subpart, in connection with any documented extenuating circumstances, may be determined by the Administrator to be acceptable, at the discretion of the Administrator.

(b) Selection of test sites. (1) Each test site shall be in an area which can be shown to have at least moderate concentrations of various pollutants. Each site shall be clearly identified and shall be justified as an appropriate test site with suitable supporting evidence such as a description of the surrounding area, characterization of the sources and pollutants typical in the area, maps, population density data, vehicular traffic data, emission inventories, pollutant measurements from previous years, concurrent pollutant measurements, meteorological data, and other information useful in supporting the suitability of the site for the comparison test or tests.

(2) If approval of one or more proposed test sites is desired prior to conducting the tests, a written request for approval of the test site or sites must be submitted to the address given in § 53.4. The request should include information identifying the type of candidate method and one or more specific proposed test sites along with a justification for each proposed specific site as described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section. The EPA will evaluate each proposed site and approve the site, disapprove the site, or request more information about the site. Any such pre-test approval of a test site by the EPA shall indicate only that the site meets the applicable test site requirements for the candidate method type; it shall not indicate, suggest, or imply that test data obtained at the site will necessarily meet any of the applicable data acceptance requirements. The Administrator may exercise discretion in selecting a different site (or sites) for any additional tests the Administrator decides to conduct.

(c) Test atmosphere. Ambient air sampled at an appropriate test site or sites shall be used for these tests. Simultaneous concentration measurements shall be made in each of the concentration ranges specified in tables C-1, C-3, or C-4 of this subpart, as appropriate.

(d) Sampling or sample collection. All test concentration measurements or samples shall be taken in such a way that both the candidate method and the reference method obtain air samples that are alike or as nearly identical as practical.

(e) Operation. Set-up and start-up of the test analyzer(s), test sampler(s), and reference method analyzers or samplers shall be in strict accordance with the applicable operation manual(s).

(f) Calibration. The reference method shall be calibrated according to the appropriate appendix to part 50 of this chapter (if it is a manual method) or according to the applicable operation manual(s) (if it is an automated method). A candidate method (or portion thereof) shall be calibrated according to the applicable operation manual(s), if such calibration is a part of the method.

(g) Submission of test data and other information. All recorder charts, calibration data, records, test results, procedural descriptions and details, and other documentation obtained from (or pertinent to) these tests shall be identified, dated, signed by the analyst performing the test, and submitted. For candidate methods for PM 2.5 and PM 10-2.5, all submitted information must meet the requirements of the ANSI/ASQC E4 Standard, sections 6 (reference 1 of appendix A of this subpart).

§ 53.31 [Reserved]

§ 53.32 Test procedures for methods for SO2, CO, O3, and NO2.

(a) Comparability. Comparability is shown for SO2, CO, O3, and NO2 methods when the differences between:

(1) Measurements made by a candidate manual method or by a test analyzer representative of a candidate automated method, and;

(2) Measurements made simultaneously by a reference method are less than or equal to the values for maximum discrepancy specified in table C-1 of this subpart.

(b) Test measurements. All test measurements are to be made at the same test site. If necessary, the concentration of pollutant in the sampled ambient air may be augmented with artificially generated pollutant to facilitate measurements in the specified ranges, as described under paragraph (f)(4) of this section.

(c) Requirements for measurements or samples. All test measurements made or test samples collected by means of a sample manifold as specified in paragraph (f)(4) of this section shall be at a room temperature between 20° and 30 °C, and at a line voltage between 105 and 125 volts. All methods shall be calibrated as specified in § 53.30(f) prior to initiation of the tests.

(d) Set-up and start-up. (1) Set-up and start-up of the test analyzer, test sampler(s), and reference method shall be in strict accordance with the applicable operation manual(s). If the test analyzer does not have an integral strip chart or digital data recorder, connect the analyzer output to a suitable strip chart or digital data recorder. This recorder shall have a chart width of at least 25 centimeters, a response time of 1 second or less, a deadband of not more than 0.25 percent of full scale, and capability of either reading measurements at least 5 percent below zero or offsetting the zero by at least 5 percent. Digital data shall be recorded at appropriate time intervals such that trend plots similar to a strip chart recording may be constructed with a similar or suitable level of detail.

(2) Other data acquisition components may be used along with the chart recorder during the conduct of these tests. Use of the chart recorder is intended only to facilitate visual evaluation of data submitted.

(3) Allow adequate warmup or stabilization time as indicated in the applicable operation manual(s) before beginning the tests.

(e) Range. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (e)(2) of this section, each method shall be operated in the range specified for the reference method in the appropriate appendix to part 50 of this chapter (for manual reference methods), or specified in table B-1 of subpart B of this part (for automated reference methods).

(2) For a candidate method having more than one selectable range, one range must be that specified in table B-1 of subpart B of this part, and a test analyzer representative of the method must pass the tests required by this subpart while operated on that range. The tests may be repeated for one or more broader ranges (i.e., ones extending to higher concentrations) than the one specified in table B-1 of subpart B of this part, provided that such a range does not extend to concentrations more than four times the upper range limit specified in table B-1 of subpart B of this part and that the test analyzer has passed the tests required by subpart B of this part (if applicable) for the broader range. If the tests required by this subpart are conducted or passed only for the range specified in table B-1 of subpart B of this part, any equivalent method determination with respect to the method will be limited to that range. If the tests are passed for both the specified range and a broader range (or ranges), any such determination will include the broader range(s) as well as the specified range. Appropriate test data shall be submitted for each range sought to be included in such a determination.

(f) Operation of automated methods. (1) Once the test analyzer has been set up and calibrated and tests started, manual adjustment or normal periodic maintenance, as specified in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3), is permitted only every 3 days. Automatic adjustments which the test analyzer performs by itself are permitted at any time. The submitted records shall show clearly when manual adjustments were made and describe the operations performed.

(2) All test measurements shall be made with the same test analyzer; use of multiple test analyzers is not permitted. The test analyzer shall be operated continuously during the entire series of test measurements.

(3) If a test analyzer should malfunction during any of these tests, the entire set of measurements shall be repeated, and a detailed explanation of the malfunction, remedial action taken, and whether recalibration was necessary (along with all pertinent records and charts) shall be submitted.

(4) Ambient air shall be sampled from a common intake and distribution manifold designed to deliver homogenous air samples to both methods. Precautions shall be taken in the design and construction of this manifold to minimize the removal of particulate matter and trace gases, and to insure that identical samples reach the two methods. If necessary, the concentration of pollutant in the sampled ambient air may be augmented with artificially generated pollutant. However, at all times the air sample measured by the candidate and reference methods under test shall consist of not less than 80 percent ambient air by volume. Schematic drawings, physical illustrations, descriptions, and complete details of the manifold system and the augmentation system (if used) shall be submitted.

(g) Tests. (1) Conduct the first set of simultaneous measurements with the candidate and reference methods:

(i) Table C-1 of this subpart specifies the type (1-or 24-hour) and number of measurements to be made in each of the three test concentration ranges.

(ii) The pollutant concentration must fall within the specified range as measured by the reference method.

(iii) The measurements shall be made in the sequence specified in table C-2 of this subpart.

(2) For each pair of measurements, determine the difference (discrepancy) between the candidate method measurement and reference method measurement. A discrepancy which exceeds the discrepancy specified in table C-1 of this subpart constitutes a failure. Figure C-1 of this subpart contains a suggested format for reporting the test results.

(3) The results of the first set of measurements shall be interpreted as follows:

(i) Zero failures: The candidate method passes the test for comparability.

(ii) Three or more failures: The candidate method fails the test for comparability.

(iii) One or two failures: Conduct a second set of simultaneous measurements as specified in table C-1 of this subpart. The results of the combined total of first-set and second-set measurements shall be interpreted as follows:

(A) One or two failures: The candidate method passes the test for comparability.

(B) Three or more failures: The candidate method fails the test for comparability.

(iv) For SO2, the 1-hour and 24-hour measurements shall be interpreted separately, and the candidate method must pass the tests for both 1- and 24-hour measurements to pass the test for comparability.

(4) A 1-hour measurement consists of the integral of the instantaneous concentration over a 60-minute continuous period divided by the time period. Integration of the instantaneous concentration may be performed by any appropriate means such as chemical, electronic, mechanical, visual judgment, or by calculating the mean of not less than 12 equally-spaced instantaneous readings. Appropriate allowances or corrections shall be made in cases where significant errors could occur due to characteristic lag time or rise/fall time differences between the candidate and reference methods. Details of the means of integration and any corrections shall be submitted.

(5) A 24-hour measurement consists of the integral of the instantaneous concentration over a 24-hour continuous period divided by the time period. This integration may be performed by any appropriate means such as chemical, electronic, mechanical, or by calculating the mean of twenty-four (24) sequential 1-hour measurements.

(6) For O3 and CO, no more than six 1-hour measurements shall be made per day. For SO2, no more than four 1-hour measurements or one 24-hour measurement shall be made per day. One-hour measurements may be made concurrently with 24-hour measurements if appropriate.

(7) For applicable methods, control or calibration checks may be performed once per day without adjusting the test analyzer or method. These checks may be used as a basis for a linear interpolation-type correction to be applied to the measurements to correct for drift. If such a correction is used, it shall be applied to all measurements made with the method, and the correction procedure shall become a part of the method.

[62 FR 38784, July 18, 1997, as amended at 75 FR 35601, June 22, 2010; 80 FR 65466, Oct. 26, 2015]

§ 53.33 Test Procedure for Methods for Lead (Pb).

(a) General. The reference method for Pb in TSP includes two parts, the reference method for high-volume sampling of TSP as specified in 40 CFR 50, appendix B and the analysis method for Pb in TSP as specified in 40 CFR 50, appendix G. Correspondingly, the reference method for Pb in PM 10 includes the reference method for low-volume sampling of PM 10 in 40 CFR 50, appendix O and the analysis method of Pb in PM 10 as specified in 40 CFR 50, appendix Q. This section explains the procedures for demonstrating the equivalence of either a candidate method for Pb in TSP to the high-volume reference methods, or a candidate method for Pb in PM 10 to the low-volume reference methods.

(1) Pb in TSP – A candidate method for Pb in TSP specifies reporting of Pb concentrations in terms of standard temperature and pressure. Comparisons of candidate methods to the reference method in 40 CFR 50, appendix G must be made in a consistent manner with regard to temperature and pressure.

(2) Pb in PM 10 – A candidate method for Pb in PM 10 must specify reporting of Pb concentrations in terms of local conditions of temperature and pressure, which will be compared to similarly reported concentrations from the reference method in 40 CFR 50 appendix Q.

(b) Comparability. Comparability is shown for Pb methods when the differences between:

(1) Measurements made by a candidate method, and

(2) Measurements made by the reference method on simultaneously collected Pb samples (or the same sample, if applicable), are less than or equal to the values specified in table C-3 of this subpart.

(c) Test measurements. Test measurements may be made at any number of test sites. Augmentation of pollutant concentrations is not permitted, hence an appropriate test site or sites must be selected to provide Pb concentrations in the specified range.

(d) Collocated samplers. The ambient air intake points of all the candidate and reference method collocated samplers shall be positioned at the same height above the ground level, and between 2 meters (1 meter for samplers with flow rates less than 200 liters per minute (L/min)) and 4 meters apart. The samplers shall be oriented in a manner that will minimize spatial and wind directional effects on sample collection.

(e) Sample collection. Collect simultaneous 24-hour samples of Pb at the test site or sites with both the reference and candidate methods until at least 10 sample pairs have been obtained.

(1) A candidate method for Pb in TSP which employs a sampler and sample collection procedure that are identical to the sampler and sample collection procedure specified in the reference method in 40 CFR part 50, Appendix B, but uses a different analytical procedure than specified in 40 CFR Appendix G, may be tested by analyzing pairs of filter strips taken from a single TSP reference sampler operated according to the procedures specified by that reference method.

(2) A candidate method for Pb in PM 10 which employs a sampler and sample collection procedure that are identical to the sampler and sample collection procedure specified in the reference method in 40 CFR part 50, Appendix O, but uses a different analytical procedure than specified in 40 CFR Appendix Q, requires the use of two PM 10 reference samplers because a single 46.2-mm filter from a reference sampler may not be divided prior to analysis. It is possible to analyze a 46.2-mm filter first with the non-destructive X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) FRM and subsequently extract the filter for other analytical techniques. If the filter is subject to XRF with subsequent extraction for other analyses, then a single PM 10 reference sampler may be used for sample collection.

(3) A candidate method for Pb in TSP or Pb in PM 10 which employs a direct reading (e.g., continuous or semi-continuous sampling) method that uses the same sampling inlet and flow rate as the FRM and the same or different analytical procedure may be tested. The direct measurements are then aggregated to 24-hour equivalent concentrations for comparison with the FRM. For determining precision in section (k), two collocated direct reading devices must be used.

(f) Audit samples. Three audit samples must be obtained from the address given in § 53.4(a). For Pb in TSP collected by the high-volume sampling method, the audit samples are
3/4 × 8-inch glass fiber strips containing known amounts of Pb in micrograms per strip (µg/strip) equivalent to the following nominal percentages of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS): 30%, 100%, and 250%. For Pb in PM 10 collected by the low-volume sampling method, the audit samples are 46.2-mm polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) filters containing known amounts of Pb in micrograms per filter (µg/filter) equivalent to the same percentages of the NAAQS: 30%, 100%, and 250%. The true amount of Pb (Tqi), in total µg/strip (for TSP) or total µg/filter (for PM 10), will be provided for each audit sample.

(g) Filter analysis. (1) For both the reference method samples (e) and the audit samples (f), analyze each filter or filter extract three times in accordance with the reference method analytical procedure. This applies to both the Pb in TSP and Pb in PM 10 methods. The analysis of replicates should not be performed sequentially, i.e., a single sample should not be analyzed three times in sequence. Calculate the indicated Pb concentrations for the reference method samples in micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m
3) for each analysis of each filter. Calculate the indicated total Pb amount for the audit samples in µg/strip for each analysis of each strip or µg/filter for each analysis of each audit filter. Label these test results as R1A, R1B, R1C, R2A, R2B, etc., Q1A, Q1B, Q1C, etc., where R denotes results from the reference method samples; Q denotes results from the audit samples; 1, 2, 3 indicate the filter number, and A, B, C indicate the first, second, and third analysis of each filter, respectively.

(2) For the candidate method samples, analyze each sample filter or filter extract three times and calculate, in accordance with the candidate method, the indicated Pb concentration in µg/m
3 for each analysis of each filter. The analysis of replicates should not be performed sequentially. Label these test results as C1A, C1B, C2C, etc., where C denotes results from the candidate method. For candidate methods which provide a direct reading or measurement of Pb concentrations without a separable procedure, C1A = C1B = C1C, C2A = C2B = C2C, etc.

(h) Average Pb concentration. For the reference method, calculate the average Pb concentration for each filter by averaging the concentrations calculated from the three analyses as described in (g)(1) using equation 1 of this section:

Where, i is the filter number.

(i) Analytical Bias. (1) For the audit samples, calculate the average Pb concentration for each strip or filter analyzed by the reference method by averaging the concentrations calculated from the three analyses as described in (g)(1) using equation 2 of this section:

Where, i is audit sample number.

(2) Calculate the percent difference (Dq) between the average Pb concentration for each audit sample and the true Pb concentration (Tq) using equation 3 of this section:

(3) If any difference value (Dqi) exceeds ±5 percent, the bias of the reference method analytical procedure is out-of-control. Corrective action must be taken to determine the source of the error(s) (e.g., calibration standard discrepancies, extraction problems, etc.) and the reference method and audit sample determinations must be repeated according to paragraph (g) of this section, or the entire test procedure (starting with paragraph (e) of this section) must be repeated.

(j) Acceptable filter pairs. Disregard all filter pairs for which the Pb concentration, as determined in paragraph (h) of this section by the average of the three reference method determinations, falls outside the range of 30% to 250% of the Pb NAAQS level in µg/m
3 for Pb in both TSP and PM 10. All remaining filter pairs must be subjected to the tests for precision and comparability in paragraphs (k) and (l) of this section. At least five filter pairs must be within the specified concentration range for the tests to be valid.

(k) Test for precision. (1) Calculate the precision (P) of the analysis (in percent) for each filter and for each method, as the maximum minus the minimum divided by the average of the three concentration values, using equation 4 or equation 5 of this section:

Where, i indicates the filter number.

(2) If a direct reading candidate method is tested, the precision is determined from collocated devices using equation 5 above.

(3) If any reference method precision value (PRi) exceeds 15 percent, the precision of the reference method analytical procedure is out-of-control. Corrective action must be taken to determine the source(s) of imprecision, and the reference method determinations must be repeated according to paragraph (g) of this section, or the entire test procedure (starting with paragraph (e) of this section) must be repeated.

(4) If any candidate method precision value (PCi) exceeds 15 percent, the candidate method fails the precision test.

(5) The candidate method passes this test if all precision values (i.e., all PRi‘s and all PCi‘s) are less than 15 percent.

(l) Test for comparability. (1) For each filter or analytical sample pair, calculate all nine possible percent differences (D) between the reference and candidate methods, using all nine possible combinations of the three determinations (A, B, and C) for each method using equation 6 of this section:

Where, i is the filter number, and n numbers from 1 to 9 for the nine possible difference combinations for the three determinations for each method (j = A, B, C, candidate; k = A, B, C, reference).

(2) If none of the percent differences (D) exceeds ±20 percent, the candidate method passes the test for comparability.

(3) If one or more of the percent differences (D) exceed ±20 percent, the candidate method fails the test for comparability.

(4) The candidate method must pass both the precision test (paragraph (k) of this section) and the comparability test (paragraph (l) of this section) to qualify for designation as an equivalent method.

(m) Method Detection Limit (MDL). Calculate the estimated MDL using the guidance provided in 40 CFR, Part 136 Appendix B. It is essential that all sample processing steps of the analytical method be included in the determination of the method detection limit. Take a minimum of seven blank filters from each lot to be used and calculate the detection limit by processing each through the entire candidate analytical method. Make all computations according to the defined method with the final results in µg/m
3. The MDL of the candidate method must be equal to, or less than 5% of the level of the Pb NAAQS.

[73 FR 67057, Nov. 12, 2008]

§ 53.34 Test procedure for methods for PM10 and Class I methods for PM 2.5.

(a) Comparability. Comparability is shown for PM 10 methods and for Class I methods for PM 2.5 when the relationship between:

(1) Measurements made by a candidate method, and

(2) Measurements made by a corresponding reference method on simultaneously collected samples (or the same sample, if applicable) at each of one or more test sites (as required) is such that the linear regression parameters (slope, intercept, and correlation coefficient) describing the relationship meet the requirements specified in table C-4 of this subpart.

(b) Methods for PM10. Test measurements must be made, or derived from particulate samples collected, at not less than two test sites, each of which must be located in a geographical area characterized by ambient particulate matter that is significantly different in nature and composition from that at the other test site(s). Augmentation of pollutant concentrations is not permitted, hence appropriate test sites must be selected to provide the minimum number of test PM 10 concentrations in the ranges specified in table C-4 of this subpart. The tests at the two sites may be conducted in different calendar seasons, if appropriate, to provide PM 10 concentrations in the specified ranges.

(c) PM10 methods employing the same sampling procedure as the reference method but a different analytical method. Candidate methods for PM 10 which employ a sampler and sample collection procedure that are identical to the sampler and sample collection procedure specified in the reference method, but use a different analytical procedure, may be tested by analyzing common samples. The common samples shall be collected according to the sample collection procedure specified by the reference method and shall be analyzed in accordance with the analytical procedures of both the candidate method and the reference method.

(d) Methods for PM2.5. Augmentation of pollutant concentrations is not permitted, hence appropriate test sites must be selected to provide the minimum number of test measurement sets to meet the requirements for PM 2.5 concentrations in the ranges specified in table C-4 of this subpart. Only one test site is required, and the site need only meet the PM 2.5 ambient concentration levels required by table C-4 of this subpart and the requirements of § 53.30(b) of this subpart. A total of 10 valid measurement sets is required.

(e) Collocated measurements. (1) Set up three reference method samplers collocated with three candidate method samplers or analyzers at each of the number of test sites specified in table C-4 of this subpart.

(2) The ambient air intake points of all the candidate and reference method collocated samplers or analyzers shall be positioned at the same height above the ground level, and between 2 meters (1 meter for samplers or analyzers with flow rates less than 200 L/min) and 4 meters apart. The samplers shall be oriented in a manner that will minimize spatial and wind directional effects on sample collection.

(3) At each site, obtain as many sets of simultaneous PM 10 or PM 2.5 measurements as necessary (see table C-4 of this subpart), each set consisting of three reference method and three candidate method measurements, all obtained simultaneously.

(4) Candidate PM 10 method measurements shall be nominal 24-hour (±1 hour) integrated measurements or shall be averaged to obtain the mean concentration for a nominal 24-hour period. PM 2.5 measurements may be either nominal 24-or 48-hour integrated measurements. All collocated measurements in a measurement set must cover the same nominal 24-or 48-hour time period.

(5) For samplers, retrieve the samples promptly after sample collection and analyze each sample according to the reference method or candidate method, as appropriate, and determine the PM 10 or PM 2.5 concentration in µg/m
3. If the conditions of paragraph (c) of this section apply, collect sample sets only with the three reference method samplers. Guidance for quality assurance procedures for PM 2.5 methods is found in “Quality Assurance Document 2.12” (reference (2) in appendix A to this subpart).

(f) Sequential samplers. For sequential samplers, the sampler shall be configured for the maximum number of sequential samples and shall be set for automatic collection of all samples sequentially such that the test samples are collected equally, to the extent possible, among all available sequential channels or utilizing the full available sequential capability.

(g) Calculation of reference method averages and precisions. (1) For each of the measurement sets, calculate the average PM 10 or PM 2.5 concentration obtained with the reference method samplers, using equation 7 of this section:

Where:

R = The concentration measurements from the reference methods;

i = The sampler number; and

j = The measurement set number.

(2) For each of the measurement sets, calculate the precision of the reference method PM 10 or PM 2.5 measurements as the standard deviation, PRj, using equation 8 of this section:

(3) For each measurement set, also calculate the precision of the reference method PM 10 or PM 2.5 measurements as the relative standard deviation, RPRj, in percent, using equation 9 of this section:

(h) Acceptability of measurement sets. Each measurement set is acceptable and valid only if the three reference method measurements and the three candidate method measurements are obtained and are valid, R
j falls within the acceptable concentration range specified in table C-4 of this subpart, and either PRj or RPRj is within the corresponding limit for reference method precision specified in table C-4 of this subpart. For each site, table C-4 of this subpart specifies the minimum number of measurement sets required having R
j above and below specified concentrations for 24- or 48-hour samples. Additional measurement sets shall be obtained, as necessary, to provide the minimum number of acceptable measurement sets for each category and the minimum total number of acceptable measurement sets for each test site. If more than the minimum number of measurement sets are collected that meet the acceptability criteria, all such measurement sets shall be used to demonstrate comparability.

(i) Candidate method average concentration measurement. For each of the acceptable measurement sets, calculate the average PM 10 or PM 2.5 concentration measurements obtained with the candidate method samplers, using equation 10 of this section:

Where:

C = The concentration measurements from the candidate methods;

i = The measurement number in the set; and

j = The measurement set number.

(j) Test for comparability. (1) For each site, plot all of the average PM 10 or PM 2.5 measurements obtained with the candidate method (C
j) against the corresponding average PM 10 or PM 2.5 measurements obtained with the reference method (R
j. For each site, calculate and record the linear regression slope and intercept, and the correlation coefficient.

(2) To pass the test for comparability, the slope, intercept, and correlation coefficient calculated under paragraph (j)(1) of this section must be within the limits specified in table C-4 of this subpart for all test sites.

§ 53.35 Test procedure for Class II and Class III methods for PM 2.5 and PM −2.5.

(a) Overview. Class II and Class III candidate equivalent methods shall be tested for comparability of PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 measurements to corresponding collocated PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 reference method measurements at each of multiple field sites, as required. Comparability is shown for the candidate method when simultaneous collocated measurements made by candidate and reference methods meet the comparability requirements specified in this section § 53.35 and in table C-4 of this subpart at each of the required test sites.

(b) Test sites and seasons. A summary of the test site and seasonal testing requirements is presented in table C-5 of this subpart.

(1) Test sites. Comparability testing is required at each of the applicable U.S. test sites required by this paragraph (b). Each test site must also meet the general test site requirements specified in § 53.30(b).

(i) PM2.5 Class II and Class III candidate methods. Test sites should be chosen to provide representative chemical and meteorological characteristics with respect to nitrates, sulfates, organic compounds, and various levels of temperature, humidity, wind, and elevation. For Class III methods, one test site shall be selected in each of the following four general locations (A, B, C, and D). For Class II methods, two test sites, one western site (A or B) and one midwestern or eastern site (C or D), shall be selected from these locations.

(A) Test site A shall be in the Los Angeles basin or California Central Valley area in a location that is characterized by relatively high PM 2.5, nitrates, and semi-volatile organic pollutants.

(B) Test site B shall be in a western city such as Denver, Salt Lake City, or Albuquerque in an area characterized by cold weather, higher elevation, winds, and dust.

(C) Test site C shall be in a midwestern city characterized by substantial temperature variation, high nitrates, and wintertime conditions.

(D) Test site D shall be in a northeastern or mid-Atlantic city that is seasonally characterized by high sulfate concentrations and high relative humidity.

(ii) PM10-2.5 Class II and Class III candidate methods. Test sites shall be chosen to provide modest to high levels of PM 10-2.5 representative of locations in proximity to urban sources of PM 10-2.5 such as high-density traffic on paved roads, industrial sources, and construction activities. For Class III methods, one test site shall be selected in each of the four following general locations (A, B, C, and D), and at least one of the test sites shall have characteristic wintertime temperatures of 0 °C or lower. For Class II methods, two test sites, one western site (A or B) and one midwestern or eastern site (C or D), shall be selected from these locations.

(A) Test site A shall be in the Los Angeles basin or the California Central Valley area in a location that is characterized by relatively high PM 2.5, nitrates, and semi-volatile organic pollutants.

(B) Test site B shall be in a western city characterized by a high ratio of PM 10-2.5 to PM 2.5, with exposure to windblown dust, such as Las Vegas or Phoenix.

(C) Test site C shall be in a midwestern city characterized by substantial temperature variation, high nitrates, and wintertime conditions.

(D) Test site D shall be in a large city east of the Mississippi River, having characteristically high sulfate concentrations and high humidity levels.

(2) Test seasons. (i) For PM 2.5 and PM 10-2.5 Class III candidate methods, test campaigns are required in both summer and winter seasons at test site A, in the winter season only at test sites B and C, and in the summer season only at test site D. (A total of five test campaigns is required.) The summer season shall be defined as the typically warmest three or four months of the year at the site; the winter season shall be defined as the typically coolest three or four months of the year at the site.

(ii) For Class II PM 2.5 and PM 10-2.5 candidate methods, one test campaign is required at test site A or B and a second test campaign at test site C or D (total of two test campaigns).

(3) Test concentrations. The test sites should be selected to provide ambient concentrations within the concentration limits specified in table C-4 of this subpart, and also to provide a wide range of test concentrations. A narrow range of test concentrations may result in a low concentration coefficient of variation statistic for the test measurements, making the test for correlation coefficient more difficult to pass (see paragraph (h) of this section, test for comparison correlation).

(4) Pre-approval of test sites. The EPA recommends that the applicant seek EPA approval of each proposed test site prior to conducting test measurements at the site. To do so, the applicant should submit a request for approval as described in § 53.30(b)(2).

(c) Collocated measurements. (1) For each test campaign, three reference method samplers and three candidate method samplers or analyzers shall be installed and operated concurrently at each test site within each required season (if applicable), as specified in paragraph (b) of this section. All reference method samplers shall be of single-filter design (not multi-filter, sequential sample design). Each candidate method shall be setup and operated in accordance with its associated manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3) and in accordance with applicable guidance in “Quality Assurance Document 2.12” (reference (2) in appendix A to this subpart). All samplers or analyzers shall be placed so that they sample or measure air representative of the surrounding area (within one kilometer) and are not unduly affected by adjacent buildings, air handling equipment, industrial operations, traffic, or other local influences. The ambient air inlet points of all samplers and analyzers shall be positioned at the same height above the ground level and between 2 meters (1 meter for instruments having sample inlet flow rates less than 200 L/min) and 4 meters apart.

(2) A minimum of 23 valid and acceptable measurement sets of PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 24-hour (nominal) concurrent concentration measurements shall be obtained during each test campaign at each test site. To be considered acceptable for the test, each measurement set shall consist of at least two valid reference method measurements and at least two valid candidate method measurements, and the PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 measured concentration, as determined by the average of the reference method measurements, must fall within the acceptable concentration range specified in table C-4 of this subpart. Each measurement set shall include all valid measurements obtained. For each measurement set containing fewer than three reference method measurements or fewer than three candidate method measurements, an explanation and appropriate justification shall be provided to account for the missing measurement or measurements.

(3) More than 23 valid measurement sets may be obtained during a particular test campaign to provide a more advantageous range of concentrations, more representative conditions, additional higher or lower measurements, or to otherwise improve the comparison of the methods. All valid data sets obtained during each test campaign shall be submitted and shall be included in the analysis of the data.

(4) The integrated-sample reference method measurements shall be of at least 22 hours and not more than 25 hours duration. Each reference method sample shall be retrieved promptly after sample collection and analyzed according to the reference method to determine the PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 measured concentration in µg/m
3. Guidance and quality assurance procedures applicable to PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 reference methods are found in “Quality Assurance Document 2.12” (reference (2) in appendix A to this subpart).

(5) Candidate method measurements shall be timed or processed and averaged as appropriate to determine an equivalent mean concentration representative of the same time period as that of the concurrent integrated-sample reference method measurements, such that all measurements in a measurement set shall be representative of the same time period. In addition, hourly average concentration measurements shall be obtained from each of the Class III candidate method analyzers for each valid measurement set and submitted as part of the application records.

(6) In the following tests, all measurement sets obtained at a particular test site, from both seasonal campaigns if applicable, shall be combined and included in the test data analysis for the site. Data obtained at different test sites shall be analyzed separately. All measurements should be reported as normally obtained, and no measurement values should be rounded or truncated prior to data analysis. In particular, no negative measurement value, if otherwise apparently valid, should be modified, adjusted, replaced, or eliminated merely because its value is negative. Calculated mean concentrations or calculated intermediate quantities should retain at least one order-of-magnitude greater resolution than the input values. All measurement data and calculations shall be recorded and submitted in accordance with § 53.30(g), including hourly test measurements obtained from Class III candidate methods.

(d) Calculation of mean concentrations – (1) Reference method outlier test. For each of the measurement sets for each test site, check each reference method measurement to see if it might be an anomalous value (outlier) as follows, where Ri,j is the measurement of reference method sampler i on test day j. In the event that one of the reference method measurements is missing or invalid due to a specific, positively-identified physical cause (e.g., sampler malfunction, operator error, accidental damage to the filter, etc.; see paragraph (c)(2) of this section), then substitute zero for the missing measurement, for the purposes of this outlier test only.

(i) Calculate the quantities 2 × R1,j/(R1,j + R2,j) and 2 × R1,j/(R1,j + R3,j). If both quantities fall outside of the interval, (0.93, 1.07), then R1,j is an outlier.

(ii) Calculate the quantities 2 × R2,j/(R2,j + R1,j) and 2 × R2,j/(R2,j + R3,j). If both quantities fall outside of the interval, (0.93, 1.07), then R2,j is an outlier.

(iii) Calculate the quantities 2 × R3,j/(R3,j + R1,j) and 2 × R3,j/(R3,j + R2,j). If both quantities fall outside of the interval, (0.93, 1.07), then R3,j is an outlier.

(iv) If this test indicates that one of the reference method measurements in the measurement set is an outlier, the outlier measurement shall be eliminated from the measurement set, and the other two measurements considered valid. If the test indicates that more than one reference method measurement in the measurement set is an outlier, the entire measurement set (both reference and candidate method measurements) shall be excluded from further data analysis for the tests of this section.

(2) For each of the measurement sets for each test site, calculate the mean concentration for the reference method measurements, using equation 11 of this section:

Where:

R
j = The mean concentration measured by the reference method for the measurement set;

Ri,j = The measurement of reference method sampler i on test day j; and

n = The number of valid reference method measurements in the measurement set (normally 3).

(3) Any measurement set for which R
j does not fall in the acceptable concentration range specified in table C-4 of this subpart is not valid, and the entire measurement set (both reference and candidate method measurements) must be eliminated from further data analysis.

(4) For each of the valid measurement sets at each test site, calculate the mean concentration for the candidate method measurements, using equation 12 of this section. (The outlier test in paragraph (d)(1) of this section shall not be applied to the candidate method measurements.)

Where:

Cj = The mean concentration measured by the candidate method for the measurement set;

Ci,j = The measurement of the candidate method sampler or analyzer i on test day j; and

m = The number of valid candidate method measurements in the measurement set (normally 3).

(e) Test for reference method precision. (1) For each of the measurement sets for each site, calculate an estimate for the relative precision of the reference method measurements, RPj, using equation 13 of this section:

(2) For each site, calculate an estimate of reference method relative precision for the site, RP, using the root mean square calculation of equation 14 of this section:

Where, J is the total number of valid measurement sets for the site.

(3) Verify that the estimate for reference method relative precision for the site, RP, is not greater than the value specified for reference method precision in table C-4 of this subpart. A reference method relative precision greater than the value specified in table C-4 of this subpart indicates that quality control for the reference method is inadequate, and corrective measures must be implemented before proceeding with the test.

(f) Test for candidate method precision. (1) For each of the measurement sets, for each site, calculate an estimate for the relative precision of the candidate method measurements, CPj, using equation 15 of this section:

(2) For each site, calculate an estimate of candidate method relative precision for the site, CP, using the root mean square calculation of equation 16 of this section:

Where, J is the total number of valid measurement sets for the site.

(3) To pass the test for precision, the mean candidate method relative precision at each site must not be greater than the value for candidate method precision specified in table C-4 of this subpart.

(g) Test for additive and multiplicative bias (comparative slope and intercept). (1) For each test site, calculate the mean concentration measured by the reference method, R
, using equation 17 of this section:

(2) For each test site, calculate the mean concentration measured by the candidate method, C
, using equation 18 of this section:

(3) For each test site, calculate the linear regression slope and intercept of the mean candidate method measurements (C
j) against the mean reference method measurements (R
j), using equations 19 and 20 of this section, respectively:

(4) To pass this test, at each test site:

(i) The slope (calculated to at least 2 decimal places) must be in the interval specified for regression slope in table C-4 of this subpart; and

(ii) The intercept (calculated to at least 2 decimal places) must be in the interval specified for regression intercept in table C-4 of this subpart.

(iii) The slope and intercept limits are illustrated in figures C-2 and C-3 of this subpart.

(h) Tests for comparison correlation. (1) For each test site, calculate the (Pearson) correlation coefficient, r (not the coefficient of determination, r
2), using equation 21 of this section:

(2) For each test site, calculate the concentration coefficient of variation, CCV, using equation 22 of this section:

(3) To pass the test, the correlation coefficient, r, for each test site must not be less than the values, for various values of CCV, specified for correlation in table C-4 of this subpart. These limits are illustrated in figure C-4 of this subpart.

[71 FR 61278, Oct. 17, 2006, as amended at 72 FR 32202, June 12, 2007]

Table C-1 to Subpart C of Part 53 – Test Concentration Ranges, Number of Measurements Required, and Maximum Discrepancy Specifications

Pollutant	Concentration range, parts per million (ppm)	Simultaneous measurements required				Maximum discrepancy specification, parts per million
		1-hour		24-hour
		First set	Second set	First set	Second set
Ozone	Low 0.06 to 0.10	5	6			0.02
	Med. 0.15 to 0.25	5	6			0.03
	High 0.35 to 0.46	4	6			0.04
	Total	14	18
Carbon monoxide	Low 7 to 11	5	6			1.5
	Med. 20 to 30	5	6			2.0
	High 25 to 45	4	6			3.0
	Total	14	18
Sulfur dioxide	Low 0.02 to 0.05	5	6	3	3	0.02
	Med. 0.10 to 0.15	5	6	2	3	0.03
	High 0.30 to 0.50	4	6	2	2	0.04
	Total	14	18	7	8
Nitrogen dioxide	Low 0.02 to 0.08			3	3	0.02
	Med. 0.10 to 0.20			2	2	0.02
	High 0.25			2	2	0.03
	Total			7	8

[75 FR 35601, June 22, 2010]

Table C-2 to Subpart C of Part 53 – Sequence of Test Measurements

Measurement	Concentration range
Measurement	First set	Second set
1	Low	Medium.
2	High	High.
3	Medium	Low.
4	High	High.
5	Low	Medium.
6	Medium	Low.
7	Low	Medium.
8	Medium	Low.
9	High	High.
10	Medium	Low.
11	High	Medium.
12	Low	High.
13	Medium	Medium.
14	Low	High.
15		Low.
16		Medium.
17		Low.
18		High.

Table C-3 to Subpart C of Part 53 – Test Specifications for Pb in TSP and Pb in PM 10 Methods

Concentration range equivalent to percentage of NAAQS in µg/m ³	30% to 250%
Minimum number of 24-hr measurements	5
Maximum reference method analytical bias, Dq	±5%
Maximum precision, PR or PC	≤15%
Maximum difference (D)	±20%
Estimated Method Detection Limit (MDL), µg/m ³	5% of NAAQS level.

[73 FR 67059, Nov. 12, 2008]

Table C-4 to Subpart C of Part 53 – Test Specifications for PM 10, PM 2.5 and PM 10-2.5 Candidate Equivalent Methods

Specification	PM 10	PM 2.5			PM 10-2.5
Specification	PM 10	Class I	Class II	Class III	Class II	Class III
Acceptable concentration range (Rj), µg/m ³	15-300	3-200	3-200	3-200	3-200	3-200
Minimum number of test sites	2	1	2	4	2	4
Minimum number of candidate method samplers or analyzers per site	3	3	3 ¹	3 ¹	3 ¹	3 ¹
Number of reference method samplers per site	3	3	3 ¹	3 ¹	3 ¹	3 ¹
Minimum number of acceptable sample sets per site for PM 10 methods:
Rj 3	3
Rj >60 µg/m ³	3
Total	10
Minimum number of acceptable sample sets per site for PM 2.5 and PM 10-2.5 candidate equivalent methods:
Rj 3 for 24-hr or Rj 3 for 48-hr samples		3
Rj >30 µg/m ³ for 24-hr or Rj >20 µg/m ³ for 48-hr samples	3
Each season	10	23	23	23	23
Total, each site	10	23	23 (46 for two-season sites)	23	23 (46 for two-season sites)
Precision of replicate reference method measurements, PRj or RPRj, respectively; RP for Class II or III PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5, maximum	5 µg/m ³ or 7%	2 µg/m ³ or 5%	10% ²	10% ²	10% ²	10% ²
Precision of PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 candidate method, CP, each site	10% ²	15% ²	15% ²	15% ²
Slope of regression relationship	1 ±0.10	1 ±0.05	1 ±0.10	1 ±0.10	1 ±0.10	1 ±0.12
Intercept of regression relationship, µg/m ³	0 ±5	0 ±1	Between: 13.55 − (15.05 × slope), but not less than −1.5; and 16.56 − (15.05 × slope), but not more than + 1.5	Between: 15.05 − (17.32 × slope), but not less than −2.0; and 15.05 − (13.20 × slope), but not more than + 2.0	Between: 62.05 − (70.5 × slope), but not less than −3.5; and 78.95 − (70.5 × slope), but not more than + 3.5	Between: 70.50 − (82.93 × slope), but not less than −7.0; and 70.50 − (61.16 × slope), but not more than + 7.0
Correlation of reference method and candidate method measurements	≥0.97	≥0.97	≥0.93 – for CCV ≤0.4; ≥0.85 + 0.2 × CCV – for 0.4 ≤CCV ≤0.5; ≥0.95 – for CCV ≥0.5

¹ Some missing daily measurement values may be permitted; see test procedure.

² Calculated as the root mean square over all measurement sets.

[72 FR 32203, June 12, 2007]

Table C-5 to Subpart C of Part 53 – Summary of Comparability Field Testing Campaign Site and Seasonal Requirements for Class II and III FEMs for PM 10-2.5 and PM 2.5

Candidate method	Test site	A	B	C	D
PM 2.5	Test site location area	Los Angeles basin or California Central Valley	Western city such as Denver, Salt Lake City, or Albuquerque	Midwestern city	Northeastern or mid-Atlantic city.
	Test site characteristics	Relatively high PM 2.5, nitrates, and semi-volatile organic pollutants	Cold weather, higher elevation, winds, and dust	Substantial temperature variation, high nitrates, wintertime conditions	High sulfate and high relative humidity.
	Class III Field test campaigns (Total: 5)	Winter and summer	Winter only	Winter only	Summer only.
	Class II Field test campaigns (Total: 2)	Site A or B, any season		Site C or D, any season.
PM 10-2.5	Test site location area	Los Angeles basin or California Central Valley	Western city such as Las Vegas or Phoenix	Midwestern city	Large city east of the Mississippi River.
	Test site characteristics	Relatively high PM 2.5, nitrates, and semi-volatile organic pollutants	High PM 10-2.5 to PM 2.5 ratio, windblown dust	Substantial temperature variation, high nitrates, wintertime conditions	High sulfate and high relative humidity.
	Class III Field test campaigns (Total: 5)	Winter and summer	Winter only	Winter only	Summer only.
	Class II Field test campaigns (Total: 2)	Site A or B, any season		Site C or D, any season.

Figure C-1 to Subpart C of Part 53 – Suggested Format for Reporting Test Results for Methods for SO 2, CO, O 3, NO 2

Candidate Method

Reference Method

Applicant

□ First Set □ Second Set □ Type □ 1 Hour □ 24 Hour

Concentration range		Date	Time	Concentration, ppm		Difference	Table C-1 spec.	Pass or fail
Concentration range		Date	Time	Candidate	Reference	Difference	Table C-1 spec.	Pass or fail
Low	1
____ ppm	2
to ____ ppm	3
	4
	5
	6
Medium	1
____ ppm	2
to ____ ppm	3
	4
	5
	6
High	1
____ ppm	2
to ____ ppm	3
	4
	5
	6
	7
	8
							Total Failures:

[72 FR 32204, June 12, 2007]

Figure C-2 to Subpart C of Part 53 – Illustration of the Slope and Intercept Limits for Class II and Class III PM 2.5 Candidate Equivalent Methods

[72 FR 32204, June 12, 2007]

Figure C-3 to Subpart C of Part 53 – Illustration of the Slope and Intercept Limits for Class II and Class III PM 10-2.5 Candidate Equivalent Methods

[72 FR 32204, June 12, 2007]

Figure C-4 to Subpart C of Part 53 – Illustration of the Minimum Limits for Correlation Coefficient for PM 2.5 and PM 10-2.5 Class II and III Methods

[72 FR 32204, June 12, 2007]

Appendix A to Subpart C of Part 53 – References

(1) American National Standard Quality Systems for Environmental Data and Technology Programs – Requirements with guidance for use, ANSI/ASQC E4-2004. Available from American Society for Quality, P.O. Box 3005, Milwaukee, WI 53202 (http://qualitypress.asq.org).

(2) Quality Assurance Guidance Document 2.12. Monitoring PM 2.5 in Ambient Air Using Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods. U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, November 1998 or later edition. Currently available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/pmqainf.html.

Subpart D – Procedures for Testing Performance Characteristics of Methods for PM 10

Source:52 FR 24729, July 1, 1987, unless otherwise noted.

§ 53.40 General provisions.

(a) The test procedures prescribed in this subpart shall be used to test the performance of candidate methods for PM 10 against the performance specifications given in table D-1. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, a test sampler or samplers representative of the sampler described in the candidate method must exhibit performance better than, or equal to, the specified value for each performance parameter, to satisfy the requirements of this subpart.

(b) For a candidate method using a PM 10 sampler previously approved as part of a designated PM 10 method, only the test for precision need be conducted and passed to satisfy the requirements of this subpart. For a candidate method using a PM 10 sampler inlet previously approved as part of a designated PM 10 method, the tests for precision and flow rate stability must be conducted and passed to satisfy the requirements of this subpart; the tests for sampling effectiveness and 50 percent cutpoint need not be conducted if suitable rationale is provided to demonstrate that test results submitted for the previously approved method are applicable to the candidate method.

(c) The liquid particle sampling effectiveness and 50 percent cutpoint of a test sampler shall be determined in a wind tunnel using 10 particle sizes and three wind speeds as specified in table D-2. A minimum of 3 replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness shall be required for each of the 30 test conditions for a minimum of 90 test measurements.

(d) For the liquid particle sampling effectiveness parameter, a smooth curve plot shall be constructed of sampling effectiveness (percent) versus aerodynamic particle diameter (µm) for each of the three wind speeds. These plots shall be used to calculate the expected mass concentration for the test sampler, using the procedure in § 53.43(a). The candidate method passes the liquid particle sampling effectiveness test if the expected mass concentration calculated for the test sampler at each wind speed differs by no more than ±10 percent from that predicted for the “ideal” sampler.*

* The sampling effectiveness curve for this “ideal” sampler is described by column 5 of table D-3 and is based on a model that approximates the penetration of particles into the human respiratory tract. Additional information on this model may be found in a document entitled, “Particle Collection Criteria for 10 Micrometer Samplers,” which is available from the Quality Assurance Division (MD-77), Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711.

(e) For the 50 percent cutpoint parameter, the test result for each wind speed shall be reported as the particle size at which the curve specified in § 53.40(d) crosses the 50 percent effectiveness line. The candidate method passes the 50 percent cutpoint test if the test result at each wind speed falls within 10±0.5 µm.

(f) The solid particle sampling effectiveness of a test sampler shall be determined in a wind tunnel using 25 µm particles at 2 wind speeds as specified in table D-2. A minimum of three replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness for the 25 µm solid particles shall be required at both wind speeds for a minimum of 6 test measurements.

(g) For the solid particle sampling effectiveness parameter, the test result for each wind speed shall be reported as the difference between the average of the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements obtained for the 25 µm solid particles and the average of the replicate measurements obtained for the 25 µm liquid particles. The candidate method passes the solid particle sampling effectiveness test if the test result for each wind speed is less than, or equal to, 5 percent.

(h) The precision and flow rate stability of three identical test samplers shall be determined at a suitable test site by simultaneously sampling the PM 10 concentration of the atmosphere for 10 periods of 24 hours.

(i) For the precision parameter, the test result for each of the 10 periods of 24 hours shall be calculated using the procedure in § 53.43(c). The candidate method passes the precision test if all of the test results meet the specifications in table D-1.

(j) For the flow rate stability parameter, the test results for each of the three test samplers and for each of the 10 periods of 24 hours shall be calculated using the procedure in § 53.43(d). The candidate method passes the flow rate stability test if all of the test results meet the specifications in table D-1.

(k) All test data and other documentation obtained from or pertinent to these tests shall be identified, dated, signed by the analyst performing the test, and submitted to EPA.

Table D-1 – Performance Specifications for PM 10 Samplers

Performance parameter	Units	Specification
1. Sampling effectiveness:
A. Liquid particles	Percent	Such that the expected mass concentration is within ±10 percent of that predicted for the ideal sampler.
B. Solid particles	Percent	Sampling effectiveness is no more than 5 percent above that obtained for liquid particles of same size.
2. 50 Percent cutpoint	µm	10±µ.5 µm aerodynamic diameter.
3. Precision	µg/m ³ or percent	5 µg/m ³ or 7 percent for three collocated samplers.
4. Flow rate stability	Percent	Average flow rate over 24 hours within ±5 percent of initial flow rate; all measured flow rates over 24 hours within ±10 percent of initial flow rate.

§ 53.41 Test conditions.

(a) Set-up and start-up of all test samplers shall be in strict accordance with the operating instructions specified in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3).

(b) If the internal surface or surfaces of the candidate method’s sampler inlet on which the particles removed by the inlet are collected is a dry surface (i.e., not normally coated with oil or grease), those surfaces shall be cleaned prior to conducting wind tunnel tests with solid particles.

(c) Once the test sampler or samplers have been set up and the performance tests started, manual adjustment shall be permitted only between test points for the sampling effectiveness and 50 percent cutpoint tests or between test days for the precision and flow rate stability tests. The manual adjustments and any periodic maintenance shall be limited to only those procedures prescribed in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). The submitted records shall show clearly when any manual adjustment or periodic maintenance was made and shall describe the operations performed.

(d) If a test sampler malfunctions during any of the sampling effectiveness and 50 percent cutpoint tests, that test run shall be repeated. If a test sampler malfunctions during any of the precision and flow rate stability tests, that day’s test shall be repeated. A detailed explanation of all malfunctions and the remedial actions taken shall be submitted to EPA with the application.

§ 53.42 Generation of test atmospheres for wind tunnel tests.

(a) A vibrating orifice aerosol generator shall be used to produce monodispersed liquid particles of oleic acid tagged with uranine dye and monodispersed solid particles of ammonium fluoroscein with equivalent aerodynamic diameters as specified in table D-2. The geometric standard deviation for each particle size and type generated shall not exceed 1.1 (for primary particles) and the proportion of multiplets (doublets and triplets) in a test particle atmosphere shall not exceed 10 percent. The particle delivery system shall consist of a blower system and a wind tunnel having a test section of sufficiently large cross-sectional area such that the test sampler, or portion thereof, as installed in the test section for testing, blocks no more than 15 percent of that area. To be acceptable, the blower system must be capable of achieving uniform wind speeds at the speeds specified in table D-2.

Table D-2 – Particle Sizes and Wind Speeds for Sampling Effectiveness Tests

Particle size (µm) ^a	Wind speed (km/hr)
Particle size (µm) ^a	2	8	24
3±0.5	l	l	l
5±0.5	l	l	l
7±0.5	l	l	l
9±0.5	l	l	l
10±0.5	l	l	l
11±0.5	l	l	l
13±1.0	l	l	l
15±1.0	l	l	l
20±1.0	l	l	l
25±1.0	l	l/s	l/s

^a Mass median aerodynamic diameter.

l = liquid particle.

s = solid particle.

Number of liquid particle test points (minimum of 3 replicates for each combination of particle size and wind speed): 90.

Number of solid particle test points (minimum of 3 replicates for each combination of particle size and wind speed): 6.

Total number of test points: 96.

(b) The size of the test particles delivered to the test section of the wind tunnel shall be established using the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator and shall be verified during the tests by microscopic examination of samples of the particles collected on glass slides or other suitable substrates. When sizing liquid particles on glass slides, the slides should be pretreated with an oleophobic surfactant and an appropriate flattening factor shall be used in the calculation of aerodynamic diameter. The particle size, as established by the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator, shall be within the tolerance specified in table D-2. The precision of the particle size verification technique shall be 0.5 µm or better, and particle size determined by the verification technique shall not differ by more than 0.5 µm or 10 percent, whichever is higher, from that established by the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator.

(c) The population of multiplets in a test particle atmosphere shall be determined during the tests and shall not exceed 10 percent. Solid particles shall be checked for dryness and evidence of breakage or agglomeration during the microscopic examination. If the solid particles in a test atmosphere are wet or show evidence of significant breakage or agglomeration (µ5 percent), the solid particle test atmosphere is unacceptable for purposes of these tests.

(d) The concentration of particles in the wind tunnel is not critical. However, the cross-sectional uniformity of the particle concentration in the sampling zone of the test section shall be established during the tests using isokinetic samplers. An array of not less than five evenly spaced isokinetic samplers shall be used to determine the particle concentration uniformity in the sampling zone. If the particle concentration measured by any single isokinetic sampler in the sampling zone differs by more than 10 percent from the mean concentration, the particle delivery system is unacceptable in terms of uniformity of particle concentration. The sampling zone shall be a rectangular area having a horizontal dimension not less than 1.2 times the width of the test sampler at its inlet opening and a vertical dimension not less than 25 centimeters. The sampling zone is an area in the test section of the wind tunnel that is horizontally and vertically symmetrical with respect to the test sampler inlet opening.

(e) The wind speed in the wind tunnel shall be determined during the tests using an appropriate technique capable of a precision of 5 percent or better (e.g., hot-wire anemometry). The mean wind speed in the test section of the wind tunnel during the tests shall be within 10 percent of the value specified in table D-2. The wind speed measured at any test point in the test section shall not differ by more than 10 percent from the mean wind speed in the test section. The turbulence intensity (longitudinal component and macroscale) in the test section shall be determined during the tests using an appropriate technique (e.g., hot-wire anemometry).

(f) The accuracy of all flow measurements used to calculate the test atmosphere concentrations and the test results shall be documented to be within ±2 percent, referenced to a primary standard. Any flow measurement corrections shall be clearly shown. All flow measurements shall be given in actual volumetric units.

(g) Schematic drawings of the particle delivery system (wind tunnel and blower system) and other information showing complete procedural details of the test atmosphere generation, verification, and delivery techniques shall be submitted to EPA. All pertinent calculations shall be clearly presented.

§ 53.43 Test procedures.

(a) Sampling effectiveness – (1) Technical definition. The ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the mass concentration of particles of a given size reaching the sampler filter or filters to the mass concentration of particles of the same size approaching the sampler.

(2) Test procedure. (i) Establish a wind speed specified in table D-2 and measure the wind speed and turbulence intensity (longitudinal component and macroscale) at a minimum of 12 test points in a cross-sectional area of the test section of the wind tunnel. The mean wind speed in the test section must be within ±10 percent of the value specified in table D-2 and the variation at any test point in the test section may not exceed 10 percent of the mean.

(ii) Generate particles of a size and type specified in table D-2 using a vibrating orifice aerosol generator. Check for the presence of satellites and adjust the generator as necessary. Calculate the aerodynamic particle size using the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator and record. The calculated aerodynamic diameter must be within the tolerance specified in table D-2.

(iii) Collect a sample of the particles on a glass slide or other suitable substrate at the particle injection point. If a glass slide is used, it should be pretreated with an appropriate oleophobic surfactant when collecting liquid particles. Use a microscopic technique to size a minimum of 25 primary particles in three viewing fields (do not include multiplets). Determine the geometric mean aerodynamic diameter and geometric standard deviation using the bulk density of the particle type (and an appropriate flattening factor for liquid particles if collected on a glass slide). The measured geometric mean aerodynamic diameter must be within 0.5 µm or 10 percent of the aerodynamic diameter calculated from the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator. The geometric standard deviation must not exceed 1.1.

(iv) Determine the population of multiplets (doublets and triplets) in the collected sample by counting a minimum of 100 particles in three viewing fields. The multiplet population of the particle test atmosphere must not exceed 10 percent.

(v) Introduce the particles into the wind tunnel and allow the particle concentration to stabilize.

(vi) Install an array of five or more evenly spaced isokinetic samplers in the sampling zone (see § 53.42(d)) of the wind tunnel. Collect particles on appropriate filters (e.g., glass fiber) over a time period such that the relative error of the measured particle concentration is less than 5 percent. Relative error is defined as (p × 100%)/(X), where p is the precision of the fluorometer on the appropriate range, X is the measured concentration, and the units of p and X are the same.

(vii) Determine the quantity of material collected with each isokinetic sampler in the array using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration for each isokinetic sampler as:

where

i = replicate number and j = isokinetic sampler number.

(viii) Calculate and record the mean mass concentration as:

where

n = total number of isokinetic samplers.

(ix) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation of the mass concentration measurements as:

If the value of CViso(i) exceeds 0.10, the particle concentration uniformity is unacceptable and steps (vi) through (ix) must be repeated. If adjustment of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator or changes in the particle delivery system are necessary to achieve uniformity, steps (ii) through (ix) must be repeated. Remove the array of isokinetic samplers from the wind tunnel. NOTE: A single isokinetic sampler, operated at the same nominal flow rate as the test sampler, may be used in place of the array of isokinetic samplers for the determination of particle mass concentration used in the calculation of sampling effectiveness of the test sampler in step (xiii). In this case, the array of isokinetic samplers must be used to demonstrate particle concentration uniformity prior to the replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness.

(x) If a single isokinetic sampler is used, install the sampler in the wind tunnel with the sampler nozzle centered in the sampling zone (see § 53.42(d)). Collect particles on an appropriate filter (e.g., glass fiber) for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration (as defined in step (vi)) is less than 5 percent. Determine the quantity of material collected with the isokinetic sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration as Ciso(i) as in step vii. Remove the isokinetic sampler from the wind tunnel.

(xi) Install the test sampler (or portion thereof) in the wind tunnel with the sampler inlet opening centered in the sampling zone (see § 53.42(d)). To meet the maximum blockage limit of § 53.42(a) or for convenience, part of the test sampler may be positioned external to the wind tunnel provided that neither the geometry of the sampler nor the length of any connecting tube or pipe is altered. Collect particles on an appropriate filter or filters (e.g., glass fiber) for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration (as defined in step (vi)) is less than 5 percent.

(xii) Determine the quantity of material collected with the test sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration as:

where i = replicate number.

(xiii) Calculate and record the sampling effectiveness of the test sampler as:

where i = replicate number.

Note:

If a single isokinetic sampler is used for the determination of particle mass concentration, replace Ciso(i) with Ciso(i).

(xiv) Remove the test sampler from the wind tunnel. Repeat steps (vi) through (xiii), as appropriate, to obtain a minimum of three replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness.

(xv) Calculate and record the average sampling effectiveness of the test sampler as:

where n = number of replicates.

(xvi) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation for the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements of the test sampler as:

If the value of CVE exceeds 0.10, the test run (steps (ii) through (xvi)) must be repeated.

(xvii) Repeat steps i through xvi for each wind speed, particle size, and particle type specified in table D-2.

(xviii) For each of the three wind speeds (nominally 2, 8, and 24 km/hr), correct the liquid particle sampling effectiveness data for the presence of multiplets (doublets and triplets) in the test particle atmospheres.

(xix) For each wind speed, plot the corrected liquid particle sampling effectiveness of the test sampler (Ecorr) as a function of particle size (dp) on semi-logarithmic graph paper where dp is the particle size established by the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator. Construct a smooth curve through the data.

(xx) For each wind speed, calculate the expected mass concentration for the test sampler under the assumed particle size distribution and compare it to the mass concentration predicted for the ideal sampler, as follows:

(A) Extrapolate the upper and lower ends of the corrected liquid particle sampling effectiveness curve to 100 percent and 0 percent, respectively, using smooth curves. Assume that Ecorr = 100 percent at a particle size of 1.0 µm and Ecorr = 0 percent at a particle size of 50 µm.

(B) Determine the value of Ecorr at each of the particle sizes specified in the first column of table D-3. Record each Ecorr value as a decimal between 0 and 1 in the second column of table D-3.

(C) Multiply the values of Ecorr in column 2 by the interval mass concentration values in column 3 and enter the products in column 4 of table D-3.

(D) Sum the values in column 4 and enter the total as the expected mass concentration for the test sampler at the bottom of column 4 of table D-3.

(E) Calculate and record the percent difference in expected mass concentration between the test sampler and the ideal sampler as:

where:

Csam(exp) = expected mass concentration for the test sampler, µg/m
3

Cideal(exp) = expected mass concentration for the ideal sampler, µg/m
3 (calculated for the ideal sampler and given at the bottom of column 7 of table D-3.)

(F) The candidate method passes the liquid particle sampling effectiveness test if the Δ C value for each wind speed meets the specification in table D-1.

(xxi) For each of the two wind speeds (nominally 8 and 24 km/hr), calculate the difference between the average sampling effectiveness value for the 25 µm solid particles and the average sampling effectiveness value for the 25 µm liquid particles (uncorrected for multiplets).

(xxii) The candidate method passes the solid particle sampling effectiveness test if each such difference meets the specification in table D-1.

Table D-3 – Expected Mass Concentration for PM 10 Samplers

Particle size (um)	Test sampler			Ideal Sampler
Particle size (um)	Sampling effectiveness	Interval mass concentration (µg/m ³)	Expected mass concentration (µg/m ³)	Sampling effectiveness	Interval mass concentration (µg/m ³)	Expected mass concentration (µg/m ³)
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
	1.000	62.813	62.813	1.000	62.813	62.813
1.5		9.554		0.949	9.554	9.067
02.0		2.164		0.942	2.164	2.038
02.5		1.785		0.933	1.785	1.665
03.0		2.084		0.922	2.084	1.921
03.5		2.618		0.909	2.618	2.380
04.0		3.211		0.893	3.211	2.867
04.5		3.784		0.876	3.784	3.315
05.0		4.300		0.857	4.300	3.685
05.5		4.742		0.835	4.742	3.960
06.0		5.105		0.812	5.105	4.145
06.5		5.389		0.786	5.389	4.236
07.0		5.601		0.759	5.601	4.251
07.5		5.746		0.729	5.746	4.189
08.0		5.834		0.697	5.834	4.066
08.5		5.871		0.664	5.871	3.898
09.0		5.864		0.628	5.864	3.683
09.5		5.822		0.590	5.822	3.435
10.0		5.750		0.551	5.750	3.168
10.5		5.653		0.509	5.653	2.877
11.0		8.257		0.465	8.257	3.840
12.0		10.521		0.371	10.521	3.903
13.0		9.902		0.269	9.902	2.664
14.0		9.250		0.159	9.250	1.471
15.0		8.593		0.041	8.593	0.352
16.0		7.948		0.000	7.948	0.000
17.0		7.329		0.000	7.329	0.000
18.0		9.904		0.000	9.904	0.000
20.0		11.366		0.000	11.366	0.000
22.0		9.540		0.000	9.540	0.000
24.0		7.997		0.000	7.997	0.000
26.0		6.704		0.000	6.704	0.000
28.0		5.627		0.000	5.627	0.000
30.0		7.785		0.000	7.785	0.000
35.0		7.800		0.000	7.800	0.000
40.0		5.192		0.000	5.192	0.000
45.0		4.959		0.000	4.959	0.000
		Csam(exp) = D			Cideal(exp) =	143.889

(b) 50 Percent cutpoint – (1) Technical definition. The particle size for which the sampling effectiveness of the sampler is 50 percent.

(2) Test procedure. (i) From the corrected liquid particle sampling effectiveness curves for each of the three wind speeds, determine the particle size at which the curve crosses the 50 percent effectiveness line and record as D50 on the corresponding sampling effectiveness plot.

(ii) The candidate method passes the 50 percent cutpoint test if the D50 value at each wind speed meets the specification in table D-1.

(c) Precision – (1) Technical definition. The variation in the measured particle concentration among identical samplers under typical sampling conditions.

(2) Test procedure. (i) Set up three identical test samplers at the test site in strict accordance with the instructions in the manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). Locate the test sampler inlet openings at the same height and between 2 and 4 meters apart. The samplers shall be oriented in a manner that will minimize spatial and wind directional effects on sample collection. Perform a flow calibration for each test sampler in accordance with the instructions given in the instruction manual and/or appendix J to part 50 of this chapter. Set the operating flow rate to the value prescribed in the sampler instruction manual.

Note:

For candidate equivalent methods, this test may be used to satisfy part of the requirements of subpart C of this chapter. In that case, three reference method samplers are also used at the test site, measurements with the candidate and reference methods are compared as specified in § 53.34, and the test site must meet the requirements of § 53.30(b).

(ii) Measure the PM 10 concentration of the atmosphere using the three test samplers for 10 periods (test days) of 24 hours each. On each of the 10 test days, measure the initial and final flow rates of each test sampler. On three of the test days, measure the flow rate of each test sampler after 6, 12, and 18 hours of operation. All measurements of flow rate and mass collected must be made in accordance with the procedures prescribed in the sampler instruction manual and/or appendix J to part 50 of this chapter. All measurements of flow rate must be in actual volumetric units. Record the PM 10 concentration for each sampler and each test day as C(i)(j) where i is the sampler number and j is the test day.

(iii) For each test day, calculate and record the average of the three measured PM 10 concentrations as C(j) where j is the test day. If C(j)3 for any test day, data from that test day are unacceptable and the tests for that day must be repeated.

(iv) Calculate and record the precision for each of the 10 test days as:

(v) The candidate method passes the precision test if all 10 Pj or RPj values meet the specifications in table D-1.

(d) Flow rate stability – (1) Technical definition. Freedom from variation in the operating flow rate of the sampler under typical sampling conditions.

(2) Test procedure. (i) For each of the three test samplers and each of the 10 test days of the precision test, record each measured flow rate as F(i)(j)(t), where i is the sampler number, j is the test day, and t is the time of flow rate measurement (t = 0, 6, 12, 18, or 24 hours).

(ii) For each sampler and for each test day, calculate and record the average flow rate as:

where n = number of flow rate measurements during the 24-hour test day.

(iii) For each sampler and for each test day, calculate and record the percent difference between the average flow rate and the initial flow rate as:

where F(i)(j)(0) is the initial flow rate (t = 0).

(iv) For each sampler and for each of the 3 test days on which flow measurements were obtained at 6-hour intervals throughout the 24-hour sampling period, calculate and record the percent differences between each measured flow rate and the initial flow rate as:

where t = 6, 12, 18, or 24 hours.

(v) The candidate method passes the flow rate stability test if all of the Δ F(i)(j) and Δ F(i)(j)(t) values meet the specifications in table D-1.

Subpart E – Procedures for Testing Physical (Design) and Performance Characteristics of Reference Methods and Class I and Class II Equivalent Methods for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5

Source:62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, unless otherwise noted.

§ 53.50 General provisions.

(a) A candidate method for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 described in an application for a FRM or FEM determination submitted under § 53.4 shall be determined by the EPA to be a FRM or a Class I, II, or III FEM on the basis of the definitions for such methods given in § 53.1. This subpart sets forth the specific tests that must be carried out and the test results, evidence, documentation, and other materials that must be provided to EPA to demonstrate that a PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 sampler associated with a candidate reference method or Class I or Class II equivalent method meets all design and performance specifications set forth in appendix L or O, respectively, of part 50 of this chapter as well as additional requirements specified in this subpart E. Some or all of these tests may also be applicable to a candidate Class III equivalent method or analyzer, as may be determined under § 53.3(b)(3).

(b) PM2.5 methods – (1) Reference method. A sampler associated with a candidate reference method for PM 2.5 shall be subject to the provisions, specifications, and test procedures prescribed in §§ 53.51 through 53.58.

(2) Class I method. A sampler associated with a candidate Class I equivalent method for PM 2.5 shall be subject to the provisions, specifications, and test procedures prescribed in all sections of this subpart.

(3) Class II method. A sampler associated with a candidate Class II equivalent method for PM 2.5 shall be subject to the provisions, specifications, and test procedures prescribed in all applicable sections of this subpart, as specified in subpart F of this part or as specified in § 53.3(a)(3).

(c) PM10-2.5 methods – (1) Reference method. A sampler associated with a reference method for PM 10-2.5, as specified in appendix O to part 50 of this chapter, shall be subject to the requirements in this paragraph (c)(1).

(i) The PM 2.5 sampler of the PM 10-2.5 sampler pair shall be verified to be either currently designated under this part 53 as a FRM for PM 2.5, or shown to meet all requirements for designation as a FRM for PM 2.5, in accordance with this part 53.

(ii) The PM 10C sampler of the PM 10-2.5 sampler pair shall be verified to be of like manufacturer, design, configuration, and fabrication to the PM 2.5 sampler of the PM 10-2.5 sampler pair, except for replacement of the particle size separator specified in section 7.3.4 of appendix L to part 50 of this chapter with the downtube extension as specified in Figure O-1 of appendix O to part 50 of this chapter.

(iii) For samplers that meet the provisions of paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section, the candidate PM 10-2.5 reference method may be determined to be a FRM without further testing.

(2) Class I method. A sampler associated with a Class I candidate equivalent method for PM 10-2.5 shall meet the requirements in this paragraph (c)(2).

(i) The PM 2.5 sampler of the PM 10-2.5 sampler pair shall be verified to be either currently designated under this part 53 as a FRM or Class I FEM for PM 2.5, or shown to meet all requirements for designation as a FRM or Class I FEM for PM 2.5, in accordance with this part 53.

(ii) The PM 10c sampler of the PM 10-2.5 sampler pair shall be verified to be of similar design to the PM 10-2.5 sampler and to meet all requirements for designation as a FRM or Class I FRM for PM 2.5, in accordance with this part 53, except for replacement of the particle size separator specified in section 7.3.4 of appendix L to part 50 of this chapter with the downtube extension as specified in Figure O-1 of appendix O to part 50 of this chapter.

(iii) For samplers that meet the provisions of paragraphs (c)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section, the candidate PM 10-2.5 method may be determined to be a Class I FEM without further testing.

(3) Class II method. A sampler associated with a Class II candidate equivalent method for PM 10-2.5 shall be subject to the applicable requirements of this subpart E, as described in § 53.3(a)(5).

(d) The provisions of § 53.51 pertain to test results and documentation required to demonstrate compliance of a candidate method sampler with the design specifications set forth in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or O, as applicable. The test procedures prescribed in §§ 53.52 through 53.59 pertain to performance tests required to demonstrate compliance of a candidate method sampler with the performance specifications set forth in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or O, as applicable, as well as additional requirements specified in this subpart E. These latter test procedures shall be used to test the performance of candidate samplers against the performance specifications and requirements specified in each procedure and summarized in table E-1 of this subpart.

(e) Test procedures prescribed in § 53.59 do not apply to candidate reference method samplers. These procedures apply primarily to candidate Class I or Class II equivalent method samplers for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 that have a sample air flow path configuration upstream of the sample filter that is modified from that specified for the FRM sampler, as set forth in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, Figures L-1 to L-29 or 40 CFR part 50 appendix O, Figure O-1, if applicable, such as might be necessary to provide for sequential sample capability. The additional tests determine the adequacy of aerosol transport through any altered components or supplemental devices that are used in a candidate sampler upstream of the filter. In addition to the other test procedures in this subpart, these test procedures shall be used to further test the performance of such an equivalent method sampler against the performance specifications given in the procedure and summarized in table E-1 of this subpart.

(f) A 10-day operational field test of measurement precision is required under § 53.58 for both FRM and Class I FEM samplers for PM 2.5. This test requires collocated operation of three candidate method samplers at a field test site. For candidate FEM samplers, this test may be combined and carried out concurrently with the test for comparability to the FRM specified under § 53.34, which requires collocated operation of three FRM samplers and three candidate FEM samplers.

(g) All tests and collection of test data shall be performed in accordance with the requirements of reference 1, section 4.10.5 (ISO 9001) and reference 2, part B, (section 6) and Part C, (section 7) in appendix A of this subpart. All test data and other documentation obtained specifically from or pertinent to these tests shall be identified, dated, signed by the analyst performing the test, and submitted to EPA in accordance with subpart A of this part.

[71 FR 61289, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.51 Demonstration of compliance with design specifications and manufacturing and test requirements.

(a) Overview. (1) Paragraphs (a) through (f) of this section specify certain documentation that must be submitted and tests that are required to demonstrate that samplers associated with a designated FRM or FEM for PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 are properly manufactured to meet all applicable design and performance specifications and have been properly tested according to all applicable test requirements for such designation. Documentation is required to show that instruments and components of a PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 sampler are manufactured in an ISO 9001-registered facility under a quality system that meets ISO-9001 requirements for manufacturing quality control and testing.

(2) In addition, specific tests are required by paragraph (d) of this section to verify that critical features of FRM samplers – the particle size separator and the surface finish of surfaces specified to be anodized – meet the specifications of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or appendix O, as applicable. A checklist is required to provide certification by an ISO-certified auditor that all performance and other required tests have been properly and appropriately conducted, based on a reasonable and appropriate sample of the actual operations or their documented records. Following designation of the method, another checklist is required initially to provide an ISO-certified auditor’s certification that the sampler manufacturing process is being implemented under an adequate and appropriate quality system.

(3) For the purposes of this section, the definitions of ISO 9001-registered facility and ISO-certified auditor are found in § 53.1. An exception to the reliance by EPA on ISO-certified auditors is the requirement for the submission of the operation or instruction manual associated with the candidate method to EPA as part of the application. This manual is required under § 53.4(b)(3). The EPA has determined that acceptable technical judgment for review of this manual may not be assured by ISO-certified auditors, and approval of this manual will therefore be performed by EPA.

(b) ISO registration of manufacturing facility. The applicant must submit documentation verifying that the samplers identified and sold as part of a designated PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 FRM or FEM will be manufactured in an ISO 9001-registered facility and that the manufacturing facility is maintained in compliance with all applicable ISO 9001 requirements (reference 1 in appendix A of this subpart). The documentation shall indicate the date of the original ISO 9001 registration for the facility and shall include a copy of the most recent certification of continued ISO 9001 facility registration. If the manufacturer does not wish to initiate or complete ISO 9001 registration for the manufacturing facility, documentation must be included in the application to EPA describing an alternative method to demonstrate that the facility meets the same general requirements as required for registration to ISO-9001. In this case, the applicant must provide documentation in the application to demonstrate, by required ISO-certified auditor’s inspections, that a quality system is in place which is adequate to document and monitor that the sampler system components and final assembled samplers all conform to the design, performance and other requirements specified in this part and in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L.

(c) Sampler manufacturing quality control. The manufacturer must ensure that all components used in the manufacture of PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 samplers to be sold as part of a FRM or FEM and that are specified by design in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or O (as applicable), are fabricated or manufactured exactly as specified. If the manufacturer’s quality records show that its quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) system of standard process control inspections (of a set number and frequency of testing that is less than 100 percent) complies with the applicable QA provisions of section 4 of reference 4 in appendix A of this subpart and prevents nonconformances, 100 percent testing shall not be required until that conclusion is disproved by customer return or other independent manufacturer or customer test records. If problems are uncovered, inspection to verify conformance to the drawings, specifications, and tolerances shall be performed. Refer also to paragraph (e) of this section – final assembly and inspection requirements.

(d) Specific tests and supporting documentation required to verify conformance to critical component specifications – (1) Verification of PM2.5 (WINS) impactor jet diameter. For samplers utilizing the WINS impactor particle size separator specified in paragraphs 7.3.4.1, 7.3.4.2, and 7.3.4.3 of appendix L to part 50 of this chapter, the diameter of the jet of each impactor manufactured for a PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 sampler under the impactor design specifications set forth in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, shall be verified against the tolerance specified on the drawing, using standard, NIST-traceable ZZ go/no go plug gages. This test shall be a final check of the jet diameter following all fabrication operations, and a record shall be kept of this final check. The manufacturer shall submit evidence that this procedure is incorporated into the manufacturing procedure, that the test is or will be routinely implemented, and that an appropriate procedure is in place for the disposition of units that fail this tolerance test.

(2) VSCC separator. For samplers utilizing the BGI VSCC
TM Very Sharp Cut Cyclone particle size separator specified in paragraph 7.3.4.4 of appendix L to part 50 of this chapter, the VSCC manufacturer shall identify the critical dimensions and manufacturing tolerances for the device, develop appropriate test procedures to verify that the critical dimensions and tolerances are maintained during the manufacturing process, and carry out those procedures on each VSCC manufactured to verify conformance of the manufactured products. The manufacturer shall also maintain records of these tests and their results and submit evidence that this procedure is incorporated into the manufacturing procedure, that the test is or will be routinely implemented, and that an appropriate procedure is in place for the disposition of units that fail this tolerance test.

(3) Verification of surface finish. The anodization process used to treat surfaces specified to be anodized shall be verified by testing treated specimen surfaces for weight and corrosion resistance to ensure that the coating obtained conforms to the coating specification. The specimen surfaces shall be finished in accordance with military standard specification 8625F, Type II, Class I (reference 4 in appendix A of this subpart) in the same way the sampler surfaces are finished, and tested, prior to sealing, as specified in section 4.5.2 of reference 4 in appendix A of this subpart.

(e) Final assembly and inspection requirements. Each sampler shall be tested after manufacture and before delivery to the final user. Each manufacturer shall document its post-manufacturing test procedures. As a minimum, each test shall consist of the following: Tests of the overall integrity of the sampler, including leak tests; calibration or verification of the calibration of the flow measurement device, barometric pressure sensor, and temperature sensors; and operation of the sampler with a filter in place over a period of at least 48 hours. The results of each test shall be suitably documented and shall be subject to review by an ISO-certified auditor.

(f) Manufacturer’s audit checklists. Manufacturers shall require an ISO-certified auditor to sign and date a statement indicating that the auditor is aware of the appropriate manufacturing specifications contained in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or O (as applicable), and the test or verification requirements in this subpart. Manufacturers shall also require an ISO-certified auditor to complete the checklists, shown in figures E-1 and E-2 of this subpart, which describe the manufacturer’s ability to meet the requirements of the standard for both designation testing and product manufacture.

(1) Designation testing checklist. The completed statement and checklist as shown in figure E-1 of this subpart shall be submitted with the application for FRM or FEM determination.

(2) Product manufacturing checklist. Manufacturers shall require an ISO-certified auditor to complete a Product Manufacturing Checklist (figure E-2 of this subpart), which evaluates the manufacturer on its ability to meet the requirements of the standard in maintaining quality control in the production of FRM or FEM devices. The completed checklist shall be submitted with the application for FRM or FEM determination.

[71 FR 61290, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.52 Leak check test.

(a) Overview. In section 7.4.6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, the sampler is required to include the facility, including components, instruments, operator controls, a written procedure, and other capabilities as necessary, to allow the operator to carry out a leak test of the sampler at a field monitoring site without additional equipment. This test procedure is intended to test the adequacy and effectiveness of the sampler’s leak check facility. Because of the variety of potential sampler configurations and leak check procedures possible, some adaptation of this procedure may be necessary to accommodate the specific sampler under test. The test conditions and performance specifications associated with this test are summarized in table E-1 of this subpart. The candidate test sampler must meet all test parameters and test specifications to successfully pass this test.

(b) Technical definitions. (1) External leakage includes the total flow rate of external ambient air which enters the sampler other than through the sampler inlet and which passes through any one or more of the impactor, filter, or flow rate measurement components.

(2) Internal leakage is the total sample air flow rate that passes through the filter holder assembly without passing through the sample filter.

(c) Required test equipment. (1) Flow rate measurement device, range 70 mL/min to 130 mL/min, 2 percent certified accuracy, NIST-traceable.

(2) Flow rate measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sampler flow rate at the top of the downtube.

(3) Impermeable membrane or disk, 47 mm nominal diameter.

(4) Means, such as a micro-valve, of providing a simulated leak flow rate through the sampler of approximately 80 mL/min under the conditions specified for the leak check in the sampler’s leak check procedure.

(5) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L.

(e) Test setup. (1) The test sampler shall be set up for testing as described in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). The sampler shall be installed upright and set up in its normal configuration for collecting PM samples, except that the sample air inlet shall be removed and the flow rate measurement adaptor shall be installed on the sampler’s downtube.

(2) The flow rate control device shall be set up to provide a constant, controlled flow rate of 80 mL/min into the sampler downtube under the conditions specified for the leak check in the sampler’s leak check procedure.

(3) The flow rate measurement device shall be set up to measure the controlled flow rate of 80 mL/min into the sampler downtube under the conditions specified for the leak check in the sampler’s leak check procedure.

(f) Procedure. (1) Install the impermeable membrane in a filter cassette and install the cassette into the sampler. Carry out the internal leak check procedure as described in the sampler’s operation/instruction manual and verify that the leak check acceptance criterion specified in table E-1 of this subpart is met.

(2) Replace the impermeable membrane with a Teflon filter and install the cassette in the sampler. Remove the inlet from the sampler and install the flow measurement adaptor on the sampler’s downtube. Close the valve of the adaptor to seal the flow system. Conduct the external leak check procedure as described in the sampler’s operation/instruction manual and verify that the leak check acceptance criteria specified in table E-1 of this subpart are met.

(3) Arrange the flow control device, flow rate measurement device, and other apparatus as necessary to provide a simulated leak flow rate of 80 mL/min into the test sampler through the downtube during the specified external leak check procedure. Carry out the external leak check procedure as described in the sampler’s operation/instruction manual but with the simulated leak of 80 mL/min.

(g) Test results. The requirements for successful passage of this test are:

(1) That the leak check procedure indicates no significant external or internal leaks in the test sampler when no simulated leaks are introduced.

(2) That the leak check procedure properly identifies the occurrence of the simulated external leak of 80 mL/min.

[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61291, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.53 Test for flow rate accuracy, regulation, measurement accuracy, and cut-off.

(a) Overview. This test procedure is designed to evaluate a candidate sampler’s flow rate accuracy with respect to the design flow rate, flow rate regulation, flow rate measurement accuracy, coefficient of variability measurement accuracy, and the flow rate cut-off function. The tests for the first four parameters shall be conducted over a 6-hour time period during which reference flow measurements are made at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. The flow rate cut-off test, conducted separately, is intended to verify that the sampler carries out the required automatic sample flow rate cut-off function properly in the event of a low-flow condition. The test conditions and performance specifications associated with this test are summarized in table E-1 of this subpart. The candidate test sampler must meet all test parameters and test specifications to successfully pass this test.

(b) Technical definitions. (1) Sample flow rate means the quantitative volumetric flow rate of the air stream caused by the sampler to enter the sampler inlet and pass through the sample filter, measured in actual volume units at the temperature and pressure of the air as it enters the inlet.

(2) The flow rate cut-off function requires the sampler to automatically stop sample flow and terminate the current sample collection if the sample flow rate deviates by more than the variation limits specified in table E-1 of this subpart (±10 percent from the nominal sample flow rate) for more than 60 seconds during a sample collection period. The sampler is also required to properly notify the operator with a flag warning indication of the out-of-specification flow rate condition and if the flow rate cut-off results in an elapsed sample collection time of less than 23 hours.

(c) Required test equipment. (1) Flow rate meter, suitable for measuring and recording the actual volumetric sample flow rate at the sampler downtube, with a minimum range of 10 to 25 L/min, 2 percent certified, NIST-traceable accuracy. Optional capability for continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 30 seconds is recommended. While a flow meter which provides a direct indication of volumetric flow rate is preferred for this test, an alternative certified flow measurement device may be used as long as appropriate volumetric flow rate corrections are made based on measurements of actual ambient temperature and pressure conditions.

(2) Ambient air temperature sensor, with a resolution of 0.1 °C and certified to be accurate to within 0.5 °C (if needed). If the certified flow meter does not provide direct volumetric flow rate readings, ambient air temperature measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(3) Barometer, range 600 mm Hg to 800 mm Hg, certified accurate to 2 mm Hg (if needed). If the certified flow meter does not provide direct volumetric flow rate readings, ambient pressure measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(4) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sample flow rate at the sampler downtube.

(5) Valve or other means to restrict or reduce the sample flow rate to a value at least 10 percent below the design flow rate (16.67 L/min). If appropriate, the valve of the flow measurement adaptor may be used for this purpose.

(6) Means for creating an additional pressure drop of 55 mm Hg in the sampler to simulate a heavily loaded filter, such as an orifice or flow restrictive plate installed in the filter holder or a valve or other flow restrictor temporarily installed in the flow path near the filter.

(7) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L (if required).

(d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. Submit documentation showing evidence of appropriately recent calibration, certification of calibration accuracy, and NIST-traceability (if required) of all measurement instruments used in the tests. The accuracy of flow-rate meters shall be verified at the highest and lowest pressures and temperatures used in the tests and shall be checked at zero and at least one flow rate within ±3 percent of 16.7 L/min within 7 days prior to use for this test. Where an instrument’s measurements are to be recorded with an analog recording device, the accuracy of the entire instrument-recorder system shall be calibrated or verified.

(e) Test setup. (1) Setup of the sampler shall be as required in this paragraph (e) and otherwise as described in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). The sampler shall be installed upright and set up in its normal configuration for collecting PM samples. A sample filter and (or) the device for creating an additional 55 mm Hg pressure drop shall be installed for the duration of these tests. The sampler’s ambient temperature, ambient pressure, and flow rate measurement systems shall all be calibrated per the sampler’s operation or instruction manual within 7 days prior to this test.

(2) The inlet of the candidate sampler shall be removed and the flow measurement adaptor installed on the sampler’s downtube. A leak check as described in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual shall be conducted and must be properly passed before other tests are carried out.

(3) The inlet of the flow measurement adaptor shall be connected to the outlet of the flow rate meter.

(4) For the flow rate cut-off test, the valve or means for reducing sampler flow rate shall be installed between the flow measurement adaptor and the downtube or in another location within the sampler such that the sampler flow rate can be manually restricted during the test.

(f) Procedure. (1) Set up the sampler as specified in paragraph (e) of this section and otherwise prepare the sampler for normal sample collection operation as directed in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual. Set the sampler to automatically start a 6-hour sample collection period at a convenient time.

(2) During the 6-hour operational flow rate portion of the test, measure and record the sample flow rate with the flow rate meter at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. If ambient temperature and pressure corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate, ambient temperature and pressure shall be measured at the same frequency as that of the certified flow rate measurements. Note and record the actual start and stop times for the 6-hour flow rate test period.

(3) Following completion of the 6-hour flow rate test period, install the flow rate reduction device and change the sampler flow rate recording frequency to intervals of not more than 30 seconds. Reset the sampler to start a new sample collection period. Manually restrict the sampler flow rate such that the sampler flow rate is decreased slowly over several minutes to a flow rate slightly less than the flow rate cut-off value (15.0 L/min). Maintain this flow rate for at least 2.0 minutes or until the sampler stops the sample flow automatically. Manually terminate the sample period, if the sampler has not terminated it automatically.

(g) Test results. At the completion of the test, validate the test conditions and determine the test results as follows:

(1) Mean sample flow rate. (i) From the certified measurements (Qref) of the test sampler flow rate obtained by use of the flow rate meter, tabulate each flow rate measurement in units of L/min. If ambient temperature and pressure corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate, each measured flow rate shall be corrected using its corresponding temperature and pressure measurement values. Calculate the mean flow rate for the sample period (Qref,ave) as follows:

Equation 1

where:

n equals the number of discrete certified flow rate measurements over the 6-hour test period.

(ii)(A) Calculate the percent difference between this mean flow rate value and the design value of 16.67 L/min, as follows:

Equation 2

(B) To successfully pass the mean flow rate test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 2 of this paragraph (g)(1)(ii) must be within ±5 percent.

(2) Sample flow rate regulation. (i) From the certified measurements of the test sampler flow rate, calculate the sample coefficient of variation (CV) of the discrete measurements as follows:

Equation 3

(ii) To successfully pass the flow rate regulation test, the calculated coefficient of variation for the certified flow rates must not exceed 2 percent.

(3) Flow rate measurement accuracy. (i) Using the mean volumetric flow rate reported by the candidate test sampler at the completion of the 6-hour test period (Qind,ave), determine the accuracy of the reported mean flow rate as:

Equation 4

(ii) To successfully pass the flow rate measurement accuracy test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 4 of this paragraph (g)(3) shall not exceed 2 percent.

(4) Flow rate coefficient of variation measurement accuracy. (i) Using the flow rate coefficient of variation indicated by the candidate test sampler at the completion of the 6-hour test (%CVind), determine the accuracy of this reported coefficient of variation as:

Equation 5

(ii) To successfully pass the flow rate CV measurement accuracy test, the absolute difference in values calculated in Equation 5 of this paragraph (g)(4) must not exceed 0.3 (CV%).

(5) Flow rate cut-off. (i) Inspect the measurements of the sample flow rate during the flow rate cut-off test and determine the time at which the sample flow rate decreased to a value less than the cut-off value specified in table E-1 of this subpart. To pass this test, the sampler must have automatically stopped the sample flow at least 30 seconds but not more than 90 seconds after the time at which the sampler flow rate was determined to have decreased to a value less than the cut-off value.

(ii) At the completion of the flow rate cut-off test, download the archived data from the test sampler and verify that the sampler’s required Flow-out-of-spec and Incorrect sample period flag indicators are properly set.

[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61291, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.54 Test for proper sampler operation following power interruptions.

(a) Overview. (1) This test procedure is designed to test certain performance parameters of the candidate sampler during a test period in which power interruptions of various duration occur. The performance parameters tested are:

(i) Proper flow rate performance of the sampler.

(ii) Accuracy of the sampler’s average flow rate, CV, and sample volume measurements.

(iii) Accuracy of the sampler’s reported elapsed sampling time.

(iv) Accuracy of the reported time and duration of power interruptions.

(2) This test shall be conducted during operation of the test sampler over a continuous 6-hour test period during which the sampler’s flow rate shall be measured and recorded at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. The performance parameters tested under this procedure, the corresponding minimum performance specifications, and the applicable test conditions are summarized in table E-1 of this subpart. Each performance parameter tested, as described or determined in the test procedure, must meet or exceed the associated performance specification to successfully pass this test.

(b) Required test equipment. (1) Flow rate meter, suitable for measuring and recording the actual volumetric sample flow rate at the sampler downtube, with a minimum range of 10 to 25 L/min, 2 percent certified, NIST-traceable accuracy. Optional capability for continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes is recommended. While a flow meter which provides a direct indication of volumetric flow rate is preferred for this test, an alternative certified flow measurement device may be used as long as appropriate volumetric flow rate corrections are made based on measurements of actual ambient temperature and pressure conditions.

(2) Ambient air temperature sensor (if needed for volumetric corrections to flow rate measurements), with a resolution of 0.1 °C, certified accurate to within 0.5 °C, and continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(3) Barometer (if needed for volumetric corrections to flow rate measurements), range 600 mm Hg to 800 mm Hg, certified accurate to 2 mm Hg, with continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(4) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sample flow rate at the sampler downtube.

(5) Means for creating an additional pressure drop of 55 mm Hg in the sampler to simulate a heavily loaded filter, such as an orifice or flow restrictive plate installed in the filter holder or a valve or other flow restrictor temporarily installed in the flow path near the filter.

(6) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L (if required).

(7) Time measurement system, accurate to within 10 seconds per day.

(c) Calibration of test measurement instruments. Submit documentation showing evidence of appropriately recent calibration, certification of calibration accuracy, and NIST-traceability (if required) of all measurement instruments used in the tests. The accuracy of flow rate meters shall be verified at the highest and lowest pressures and temperatures used in the tests and shall be checked at zero and at least one flow rate within ±3 percent of 16.7 L/min within 7 days prior to use for this test. Where an instrument’s measurements are to be recorded with an analog recording device, the accuracy of the entire instrument-recorder system shall be calibrated or verified.

(d) Test setup. (1) Setup of the sampler shall be performed as required in this paragraph (d) and otherwise as described in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). The sampler shall be installed upright and set up in its normal configuration for collecting PM samples. A sample filter and (or) the device for creating an additional 55 mm Hg pressure drop shall be installed for the duration of these tests. The sampler’s ambient temperature, ambient pressure, and flow measurement systems shall all be calibrated per the sampler’s operating manual within 7 days prior to this test.

(2) The inlet of the candidate sampler shall be removed and the flow measurement adaptor installed on the sample downtube. A leak check as described in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual shall be conducted and must be properly passed before other tests are carried out.

(3) The inlet of the flow measurement adaptor shall be connected to the outlet of the flow rate meter.

(e) Procedure. (1) Set up the sampler as specified in paragraph (d) of this section and otherwise prepare the sampler for normal sample collection operation as directed in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual. Set the sampler to automatically start a 6-hour sample collection period at a convenient time.

(2) During the entire 6-hour operational flow rate portion of the test, measure and record the sample flow rate with the flow rate meter at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. If ambient temperature and pressure corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate, ambient temperature and pressure shall be measured at the same frequency as that of the certified flow rate measurements. Note and record the actual start and stop times for the 6-hour flow rate test period.

(3) During the 6-hour test period, interrupt the AC line electrical power to the sampler 5 times, with durations of 20 seconds, 40 seconds, 2 minutes, 7 minutes, and 20 minutes (respectively), with not less than 10 minutes of normal electrical power supplied between each power interruption. Record the hour and minute and duration of each power interruption.

(4) At the end of the test, terminate the sample period (if not automatically terminated by the sampler) and download all archived instrument data from the test sampler.

(f) Test results. At the completion of the sampling period, validate the test conditions and determine the test results as follows:

(1) Mean sample flow rate. (i) From the certified measurements (Qref) of the test sampler flow rate, tabulate each flow rate measurement in units of L/min. If ambient temperature and pressure corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate, each measured flow rate shall be corrected using its corresponding temperature and pressure measurement values. Calculate the mean flow rate for the sample period (Qref,ave) as follows:

Equation 6

where:

n equals the number of discrete certified flow rate measurements over the 6-hour test period, excluding flow rate values obtained during periods of power interruption.

(ii)(A) Calculate the percent difference between this mean flow rate value and the design value of 16.67 L/min, as follows:

Equation 7

(B) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 7 of this paragraph (f)(1)(ii) must be within ±5 percent.

(2) Sample flow rate regulation. (i) From the certified measurements of the test sampler flow rate, calculate the sample coefficient of variation of the discrete measurements as follows:

Equation 8

(ii) To successfully pass this test, the calculated coefficient of variation for the certified flow rates must not exceed 2 percent.

(3) Flow rate measurement accuracy. (i) Using the mean volumetric flow rate reported by the candidate test sampler at the completion of the 6-hour test (Qind,ave), determine the accuracy of the reported mean flow rate as:

Equation 9

(ii) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 9 of this paragraph (f)(3) shall not exceed 2 percent.

(4) Flow rate CV measurement accuracy. (i) Using the flow rate coefficient of variation indicated by the candidate test sampler at the completion of the 6-hour test (%CVind), determine the accuracy of the reported coefficient of variation as:

Equation 10

(ii) To successfully pass this test, the absolute difference in values calculated in Equation 10 of this paragraph (f)(4) must not exceed 0.3 (CV%).

(5) Verify that the sampler properly provided a record and visual display of the correct year, month, day-of-month, hour, and minute with an accuracy of ±2 minutes, of the start of each power interruption of duration greater than 60 seconds.

(6) Calculate the actual elapsed sample time, excluding the periods of electrical power interruption. Verify that the elapsed sample time reported by the sampler is accurate to within ±20 seconds for the 6-hour test run.

(7) Calculate the sample volume as Qref.ave multiplied by the sample time, excluding periods of power interruption. Verify that the sample volume reported by the sampler is within 2 percent of the calculated sample volume to successfully pass this test.

(8) Inspect the downloaded instrument data from the test sampler and verify that all data are consistent with normal operation of the sampler.

[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998, as amended at 71 FR 61291, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.55 Test for effect of variations in power line voltage and ambient temperature.

(a) Overview. (1) This test procedure is a combined procedure to test various performance parameters under variations in power line voltage and ambient temperature. Tests shall be conducted in a temperature-controlled environment over four 6-hour time periods during which reference temperature and flow rate measurements shall be made at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. Specific parameters to be evaluated at line voltages of 105 and 125 volts and temperatures of −20 °C and + 40 °C are as follows:

(i) Sample flow rate.

(ii) Flow rate regulation.

(iii) Flow rate measurement accuracy.

(iv) Coefficient of variability measurement accuracy.

(v) Ambient air temperature measurement accuracy.

(vi) Proper operation of the sampler when exposed to power line voltage and ambient temperature extremes.

(2) The performance parameters tested under this procedure, the corresponding minimum performance specifications, and the applicable test conditions are summarized in table E-1 of this subpart. Each performance parameter tested, as described or determined in the test procedure, must meet or exceed the associated performance specification given. The candidate sampler must meet all specifications for the associated PM 2.5 or PM 10-2.5 method (as applicable) to pass this test procedure.

(b) Technical definition. Sample flow rate means the quantitative volumetric flow rate of the air stream caused by the sampler to enter the sampler inlet and pass through the sample filter, measured in actual volume units at the temperature and pressure of the air as it enters the inlet.

(c) Required test equipment. (1) Environmental chamber or other temperature-controlled environment or environments, capable of obtaining and maintaining temperatures at −20 °C and = 40 °C as required for the test with an accuracy of ±2 °C. The test environment(s) must be capable of maintaining these temperatures within the specified limits continuously with the additional heat load of the operating test sampler in the environment. Henceforth, where the test procedures specify a test or environmental “chamber,” an alternative temperature-controlled environmental area or areas may be substituted, provided the required test temperatures and all other test requirements are met.

(2) Variable voltage AC power transformer, range 100 Vac to 130 Vac, with sufficient current capacity to operate the test sampler continuously under the test conditions.

(3) Flow rate meter, suitable for measuring and recording the actual volumetric sample flow rate at the sampler downtube, with a minimum range of 10 to 25 actual L/min, 2 percent certified, NIST-traceable accuracy. Optional capability for continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes is recommended. While a flow meter which provides a direct indication of volumetric flow rate is preferred for this test, an alternative certified flow measurement device may be used as long as appropriate volumetric flow rate corrections are made based on measurements of actual ambient temperature and pressure conditions.

(4) Ambient air temperature recorder, range −30 °C to = 50 °C, with a resolution of 0.1 °C and certified accurate to within 0.5 °C. Ambient air temperature measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(5) Barometer, range 600 mm Hg to 800 mm Hg, certified accurate to 2 mm Hg. If the certified flow rate meter does not provide direct volumetric flow rate readings, ambient pressure measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(6) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sampler flow rate at the sampler downtube.

(7) Means for creating an additional pressure drop of 55 mm Hg in the sampler to simulate a heavily loaded filter, such as an orifice or flow restrictive plate installed in the filter holder or a valve or other flow restrictor temporarily installed in the flow path near the filter.

(8) AC RMS voltmeter, accurate to 1.0 volt.

(9) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L (if required).

(d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. Submit documentation showing evidence of appropriately recent calibration, certification of calibration accuracy, and NIST-traceability (if required) of all measurement instruments used in the tests. The accuracy of flow rate meters shall be verified at the highest and lowest pressures and temperatures used in the tests and shall be checked at zero and at least one flow rate within ±3 percent of 16.7 L/min within 7 days prior to use for this test. Where an instrument’s measurements are to be recorded with an analog recording device, the accuracy of the entire instrument-recorder system shall be calibrated or verified.

(e) Test setup. (1) Setup of the sampler shall be performed as required in this paragraph (e) and otherwise as described in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). The sampler shall be installed upright and set up in the temperature-controlled chamber in its normal configuration for collecting PM samples. A sample filter and (or) the device for creating an additional 55 mm Hg pressure drop shall be installed for the duration of these tests. The sampler’s ambient temperature, ambient pressure, and flow measurement systems shall all be calibrated per the sampler’s operating manual within 7 days prior to this test.

(3) The inlet of the flow measurement adaptor shall be connected to the outlet of the flow rate meter.

(4) The ambient air temperature recorder shall be installed in the test chamber such that it will accurately measure the temperature of the air in the vicinity of the candidate sampler without being unduly affected by the chamber’s air temperature control system.

(2) The test shall consist of four test runs, one at each of the following conditions of chamber temperature and electrical power line voltage (respectively):

(i) −20 °C ±2 °C and 105 ±1 Vac.

(ii) −20 °C ±2 °C and 125 ±1 Vac.

(iii) = 40 °C ±2 °C and 105 ±1 Vac.

(iv) = 40 °C ±2 °C and 125 ±1 Vac.

(3) For each of the four test runs, set the selected chamber temperature and power line voltage for the test run. Upon achieving each temperature setpoint in the chamber, the candidate sampler and flow meter shall be thermally equilibrated for a period of at least 2 hours prior to the test run. Following the thermal conditioning time, set the sampler to automatically start a 6-hour sample collection period at a convenient time.

(4) During each 6-hour test period:

(i) Measure and record the sample flow rate with the flow rate meter at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. If ambient temperature and pressure corrections are necessary to calculate volumetric flow rate, ambient temperature and pressure shall be measured at the same frequency as that of the certified flow rate measurements. Note and record the actual start and stop times for the 6-hour flow rate test period.

(ii) Determine and record the ambient (chamber) temperature indicated by the sampler and the corresponding ambient (chamber) temperature measured by the ambient temperature recorder specified in paragraph (c)(4) of this section at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(iii) Measure the power line voltage to the sampler at intervals not greater than 1 hour.

(5) At the end of each test run, terminate the sample period (if not automatically terminated by the sampler) and download all archived instrument data from the test sampler.

(g) Test results. For each of the four test runs, examine the chamber temperature measurements and the power line voltage measurements. Verify that the temperature and line voltage met the requirements specified in paragraph (f) of this section at all times during the test run. If not, the test run is not valid and must be repeated. Determine the test results as follows:

Equation 11

where:

n equals the number of discrete certified flow rate measurements over each 6-hour test period.

(ii)(A) Calculate the percent difference between this mean flow rate value and the design value of 16.67 L/min, as follows:

Equation 12

(B) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 12 of this paragraph (g)(1)(ii) must be within ±5 percent for each test run.

(2) Sample flow rate regulation. (i) From the certified measurements of the test sampler flow rate, calculate the sample coefficient of variation of the discrete measurements as follows:

Equation 13

(ii) To successfully pass this test, the calculated coefficient of variation for the certified flow rates must not exceed 2 percent.

(3) Flow rate measurement accuracy. (i) Using the mean volumetric flow rate reported by the candidate test sampler at the completion of each 6-hour test (Qind,ave), determine the accuracy of the reported mean flow rate as:

Equation 14

(ii) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 14 of this paragraph (g)(3) shall not exceed 2 percent for each test run.

(4) Flow rate coefficient of variation measurement accuracy. (i) Using the flow rate coefficient of variation indicated by the candidate test sampler (%CVind), determine the accuracy of the reported coefficient of variation as:

Equation 15

(ii) To successfully pass this test, the absolute difference calculated in Equation 15 of this paragraph (g)(4) must not exceed 0.3 (CV%) for each test run.

(5) Ambient temperature measurement accuracy. (i) Calculate the absolute value of the difference between the mean ambient air temperature indicated by the test sampler and the mean ambient (chamber) air temperature measured with the ambient air temperature recorder as:

Where:

Tind,ave = The mean ambient air temperature indicated by the test sampler, °C; and

Tref,ave = The mean ambient air temperature measured by the reference temperature instrument, °C.

(ii) The calculated temperature difference must be less than 2 °C for each test run.

(6) Sampler functionality. To pass the sampler functionality test, the following two conditions must both be met for each test run:

(i) The sampler must not shutdown during any portion of the 6-hour test.

(ii) An inspection of the downloaded data from the test sampler verifies that all the data are consistent with normal operation of the sampler.

[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61291, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.56 Test for effect of variations in ambient pressure.

(a) Overview. (1) This test procedure is designed to test various sampler performance parameters under variations in ambient (barometric) pressure. Tests shall be conducted in a pressure-controlled environment over two 6-hour time periods during which reference pressure and flow rate measurements shall be made at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. Specific parameters to be evaluated at operating pressures of 600 and 800 mm Hg are as follows:

(i) Sample flow rate.

(ii) Flow rate regulation.

(iii) Flow rate measurement accuracy.

(iv) Coefficient of variability measurement accuracy.

(v) Ambient pressure measurement accuracy.

(vi) Proper operation of the sampler when exposed to ambient pressure extremes.

(c) Required test equipment. (1) Hypobaric chamber or other pressure-controlled environment or environments, capable of obtaining and maintaining pressures at 600 mm Hg and 800 mm Hg required for the test with an accuracy of 5 mm Hg. Henceforth, where the test procedures specify a test or environmental chamber, an alternative pressure-controlled environmental area or areas may be substituted, provided the test pressure requirements are met. Means for simulating ambient pressure using a closed-loop sample air system may also be approved for this test; such a proposed method for simulating the test pressure conditions may be described and submitted to EPA at the address given in § 53.4(a) prior to conducting the test for a specific individual determination of acceptability.

(2) Flow rate meter, suitable for measuring and recording the actual volumetric sampler flow rate at the sampler downtube, with a minimum range of 10 to 25 L/min, 2 percent certified, NIST-traceable accuracy. Optional capability for continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes is recommended. While a flow meter which provides a direct indication of volumetric flow rate is preferred for this test, an alternative certified flow measurement device may be used as long as appropriate volumetric flow rate corrections are made based on measurements of actual ambient temperature and pressure conditions.

(3) Ambient air temperature recorder (if needed for volumetric corrections to flow rate measurements) with a range −30 °C to = 50 °C, certified accurate to within 0.5 °C. If the certified flow meter does not provide direct volumetric flow rate readings, ambient temperature measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(4) Barometer, range 600 mm Hg to 800 mm Hg, certified accurate to 2 mm Hg. Ambient air pressure measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(5) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sampler flow rate at the sampler downtube.

(7) Teflon sample filter, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L (if required).

(d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. Submit documentation showing evidence of appropriately recent calibration, certification of calibration accuracy, and NIST-traceability (if required) of all measurement instruments used in the tests. The accuracy of flow rate meters shall be verified at the highest and lowest pressures and temperatures used in the tests and shall be checked at zero and at least one flow rate within ±3 percent of 16.7 L/min within 7 days prior to use for this test. Where an instrument’s measurements are to be recorded with an analog recording device, the accuracy of the entire instrument-recorder system shall be calibrated or verified.

(e) Test setup. (1) Setup of the sampler shall be performed as required in this paragraph (e) and otherwise as described in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). The sampler shall be installed upright and set up in the pressure-controlled chamber in its normal configuration for collecting PM samples. A sample filter and (or) the device for creating an additional 55 mm Hg pressure drop shall be installed for the duration of these tests. The sampler’s ambient temperature, ambient pressure, and flow measurement systems shall all be calibrated per the sampler’s operating manual within 7 days prior to this test.

(3) The inlet of the flow measurement adaptor shall be connected to the outlet of the flow rate meter.

(4) The barometer shall be installed in the test chamber such that it will accurately measure the air pressure to which the candidate sampler is subjected.

(2) The test shall consist of two test runs, one at each of the following conditions of chamber pressure:

(i) 600 mm Hg.

(ii) 800 mm Hg.

(3) For each of the two test runs, set the selected chamber pressure for the test run. Upon achieving each pressure setpoint in the chamber, the candidate sampler shall be pressure-equilibrated for a period of at least 30 minutes prior to the test run. Following the conditioning time, set the sampler to automatically start a 6-hour sample collection period at a convenient time.

(4) During each 6-hour test period:

(ii) Determine and record the ambient (chamber) pressure indicated by the sampler and the corresponding ambient (chamber) pressure measured by the barometer specified in paragraph (c)(4) of this section at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(5) At the end of each test period, terminate the sample period (if not automatically terminated by the sampler) and download all archived instrument data for the test run from the test sampler.

(g) Test results. For each of the two test runs, examine the chamber pressure measurements. Verify that the pressure met the requirements specified in paragraph (f) of this section at all times during the test. If not, the test run is not valid and must be repeated. Determine the test results as follows:

Equation 17

where:

n equals the number of discrete certified flow measurements over the 6-hour test period.

(ii)(A) Calculate the percent difference between this mean flow rate value and the design value of 16.67 L/min, as follows:

Equation 18

(B) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 18 of this paragraph (g)(1) must be within ±5 percent for each test run.

(2) Sample flow rate regulation. (i) From the certified measurements of the test sampler flow rate, calculate the sample coefficient of variation of the discrete measurements as follows:

Equation 19

(ii) To successfully pass this test, the calculated coefficient of variation for the certified flow rates must not exceed 2 percent.

Equation 20

(ii) To successfully pass this test, the percent difference calculated in Equation 20 of this paragraph (g)(3) shall not exceed 2 percent for each test run.

Equation 21

(ii) To successfully pass this test, the absolute difference in values calculated in Equation 21 of this paragraph (g)(4) must not exceed 0.3 (CV%) for each test run.

(5) Ambient pressure measurement accuracy. (i) Calculate the absolute difference between the mean ambient air pressure indicated by the test sampler and the ambient (chamber) air pressure measured with the reference barometer as:

Equation 22

where:

Pind,ave = mean ambient pressure indicated by the test sampler, mm Hg; and

Pref,ave = mean barometric pressure measured by the reference barometer, mm Hg.

(ii) The calculated pressure difference must be less than 10 mm Hg for each test run to pass the test.

(6) Sampler functionality. To pass the sampler functionality test, the following two conditions must both be met for each test run:

(i) The sampler must not shut down during any part of the 6-hour tests; and

(ii) An inspection of the downloaded data from the test sampler verifies that all the data are consistent with normal operation of the sampler.

[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998, as amended at 71 FR 61292, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.57 Test for filter temperature control during sampling and post-sampling periods.

(a) Overview. This test is intended to measure the candidate sampler’s ability to prevent excessive overheating of the PM sample collection filter (or filters) under conditions of elevated solar insolation. The test evaluates radiative effects on filter temperature during a 4-hour period of active sampling as well as during a subsequent 4-hour non-sampling time period prior to filter retrieval. Tests shall be conducted in an environmental chamber which provides the proper radiant wavelengths and energies to adequately simulate the sun’s radiant effects under clear conditions at sea level. For additional guidance on conducting solar radiative tests under controlled conditions, consult military standard specification 810-E (reference 6 in appendix A of this subpart). The performance parameters tested under this procedure, the corresponding minimum performance specifications, and the applicable test conditions are summarized in table E-1 of this subpart. Each performance parameter tested, as described or determined in the test procedure, must meet or exceed the associated performance specification to successfully pass this test.

(b) Technical definition. Filter temperature control during sampling is the ability of a sampler to maintain the temperature of the particulate matter sample filter within the specified deviation (5 °C) from ambient temperature during any active sampling period. Post-sampling temperature control is the ability of a sampler to maintain the temperature of the particulate matter sample filter within the specified deviation from ambient temperature during the period from the end of active sample collection by the sampler until the filter is retrieved from the sampler for laboratory analysis.

(c) Required test equipment. (1) Environmental chamber providing the means, such as a bank of solar-spectrum lamps, for generating or simulating thermal radiation in approximate spectral content and intensity equivalent to solar insulation of 1000 ±50 W/m
2 inside the environmental chamber. To properly simulate the sun’s radiative effects on the sampler, the solar bank must provide the spectral energy distribution and permitted tolerances specified in table E-2 of this subpart. The solar radiation source area shall be such that the width of the candidate sampler shall not exceed one-half the dimensions of the solar bank. The solar bank shall be located a minimum of 76 cm (30 inches) from any surface of the candidate sampler. To meet requirements of the solar radiation tests, the chamber’s internal volume shall be a minimum of 10 times that of the volume of the candidate sampler. Air velocity in the region of the sampler must be maintained continuously during the radiative tests at 2.0 ±0.5 m/sec.

(2) Ambient air temperature recorder, range −30 °C to = 50 °C, with a resolution of 0.1 °C and certified accurate to within 0.5 °C. Ambient air temperature measurements must be made using continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(3) Flow measurement adaptor (40 CFR part 50, appendix L, figure L-30) or equivalent adaptor to facilitate measurement of sampler flow rate at the sampler downtube.

(4) Miniature temperature sensor(s), capable of being installed in the sampler without introducing air leakage and capable of measuring the sample air temperature within 1 cm of the center of the filter, downstream of the filter; with a resolution of 0.1 °C, certified accurate to within 0.5 °C, NIST-traceable, with continuous (analog) recording capability or digital recording at intervals of not more than 5 minutes.

(5) Solar radiometer, to measure the intensity of the simulated solar radiation in the test environment, range of 0 to approximately 1500 W/m
2. Optional capability for continuous (analog) recording or digital recording at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes is recommended.

(6) Sample filter or filters, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L.

(d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. Submit documentation showing evidence of appropriately recent calibration, certification of calibration accuracy, and NIST-traceability (if required) of all measurement instruments used in the tests. The accuracy of flow rate meters shall be verified at the highest and lowest pressures and temperatures used in the tests and shall be checked at zero and at least one flow rate within ±3 percent of 16.7 L/min within 7 days prior to use for this test. Where an instrument’s measurements are to be recorded with an analog recording device, the accuracy of the entire instrument-recorder system shall be calibrated or verified.

(e) Test setup. (1) Setup of the sampler shall be performed as required in this paragraph (e) and otherwise as described in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3). The sampler shall be installed upright and set up in the solar radiation environmental chamber in its normal configuration for collecting PM samples (with the inlet installed). The sampler’s ambient and filter temperature measurement systems shall be calibrated per the sampler’s operating manual within 7 days prior to this test. A sample filter shall be installed for the duration of this test. For sequential samplers, a sample filter shall also be installed in each available sequential channel or station intended for collection of a sequential sample (or at least five additional filters for magazine-type sequential samplers) as directed by the sampler’s operation or instruction manual.

(2) The miniature temperature sensor shall be temporarily installed in the test sampler such that it accurately measures the air temperature 1 cm from the center of the filter on the downstream side of the filter. The sensor shall be installed such that no external or internal air leakage is created by the sensor installation. The sensor’s dimensions and installation shall be selected to minimize temperature measurement uncertainties due to thermal conduction along the sensor mounting structure or sensor conductors. For sequential samplers, similar temperature sensors shall also be temporarily installed in the test sampler to monitor the temperature 1 cm from the center of each filter stored in the sampler for sequential sample operation.

(3) The solar radiant energy source shall be installed in the test chamber such that the entire test sampler is irradiated in a manner similar to the way it would be irradiated by solar radiation if it were located outdoors in an open area on a sunny day, with the radiation arriving at an angle of between 30° and 45° from vertical. The intensity of the radiation received by all sampler surfaces that receive direct radiation shall average 1000 ±50 W/m
2, measured in a plane perpendicular to the incident radiation. The incident radiation shall be oriented with respect to the sampler such that the area of the sampler’s ambient temperature sensor (or temperature shield) receives full, direct radiation as it would or could during normal outdoor installation. Also, the temperature sensor must not be shielded or shaded from the radiation by a sampler part in a way that would not occur at other normal insulation angles or directions.

(4) The solar radiometer shall be installed in a location where it measures thermal radiation that is generally representative of the average thermal radiation intensity that the upper portion of the sampler and sampler inlet receive. The solar radiometer shall be oriented so that it measures the radiation in a plane perpendicular to its angle of incidence.

(5) The ambient air temperature recorder shall be installed in the test chamber such that it will accurately measure the temperature of the air in the chamber without being unduly affected by the chamber’s air temperature control system or by the radiant energy from the solar radiation source that may be present inside the test chamber.

(2) Remove the inlet of the candidate test sampler and install the flow measurement adaptor on the sampler’s downtube. Conduct a leak check as described in the sampler’s operation or instruction manual. The leak test must be properly passed before other tests are carried out.

(3) Remove the flow measurement adaptor from the downtube and re-install the sampling inlet.

(4) Activate the solar radiation source and verify that the resulting energy distribution prescribed in table E-2 of this subpart is achieved.

(5) Program the test sampler to conduct a single sampling run of 4 continuous hours. During the 4-hour sampling run, measure and record the radiant flux, ambient temperature, and filter temperature (all filter temperatures for sequential samplers) at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes.

(6) At the completion of the 4-hour sampling phase, terminate the sample period, if not terminated automatically by the sampler. Continue to measure and record the radiant flux, ambient temperature, and filter temperature or temperatures for 4 additional hours at intervals not to exceed 5 minutes. At the completion of the 4-hour post-sampling period, discontinue the measurements and turn off the solar source.

(7) Download all archived sampler data from the test run.

(g) Test results. Chamber radiant flux control. Examine the continuous record of the chamber radiant flux and verify that the flux met the requirements specified in table E-2 of this subpart at all times during the test. If not, the entire test is not valid and must be repeated.

(1) Filter temperature measurement accuracy. (i) For each 4-hour test period, calculate the absolute value of the difference between the mean filter temperature indicated by the sampler (active filter) and the mean filter temperature measured by the reference temperature sensor installed within 1 cm downstream of the (active) filter as:

Equation 23

where:

Tind,filter = mean filter temperature indicated by the test sampler, °C; and

Tref,filter = mean filter temperature measured by the reference temperature sensor, °C.

(ii) To successfully pass the indicated filter temperature accuracy test, the calculated difference between the measured means (Tdiff,filter) must not exceed 2 °C for each 4-hour test period.

(2) Ambient temperature measurement accuracy. (i) For each 4-hour test period, calculate the absolute value of the difference between the mean ambient air temperature indicated by the test sampler and the mean ambient air temperature measured by the reference ambient air temperature recorder as:

Equation 24

where:

Tind,ambient = mean ambient air temperature indicated by the test sampler, °C; and

Tref,ambient = mean ambient air temperature measured by the reference ambient air temperature recorder, °C.

(ii) To successfully pass the indicated ambient temperature accuracy test, the calculated difference between the measured means (Tdiff,ambient) must not exceed 2 °C for each 4-hour test period.

(3) Filter temperature control accuracy. (i) For each temperature measurement interval over each 4-hour test period, calculate the difference between the filter temperature indicated by the reference temperature sensor and the ambient temperature indicated by the test sampler as:

Equation 25

(ii) Tabulate and inspect the calculated differences as a function of time. To successfully pass the indicated filter temperature control test, the calculated difference between the measured values must not exceed 5 °C for any consecutive intervals covering more than a 30-minute time period.

(iii) For sequential samplers, repeat the test calculations for each of the stored sequential sample filters. All stored filters must also meet the 5 °C temperature control test.

[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998, as amended at 71 FR 61292, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.58 Operational field precision and blank test.

(a) Overview. This test is intended to determine the operational precision of the candidate sampler during a minimum of 10 days of field operation, using three collocated test samplers. Measurements of PM are made at a test site with all of the samplers and then compared to determine replicate precision. Candidate sequential samplers are also subject to a test for possible deposition of particulate matter on inactive filters during a period of storage in the sampler. This procedure is applicable to both reference and equivalent methods. In the case of equivalent methods, this test may be combined and conducted concurrently with the comparability test for equivalent methods (described in subpart C of this part), using three reference method samplers collocated with three candidate equivalent method samplers and meeting the applicable site and other requirements of subpart C of this part.

(b) Technical definition. (1) Field precision is defined as the standard deviation or relative standard deviation of a set of PM measurements obtained concurrently with three or more collocated samplers in actual ambient air field operation.

(2) Storage deposition is defined as the mass of material inadvertently deposited on a sample filter that is stored in a sequential sampler either prior to or subsequent to the active sample collection period.

(c) Test site. Any outdoor test site having PM 2.5 (or PM 10-2.5, as applicable) concentrations that are reasonably uniform over the test area and that meet the minimum level requirement of paragraph (g)(2) of this section is acceptable for this test.

(d) Required facilities and equipment. (1) An appropriate test site and suitable electrical power to accommodate three test samplers are required.

(2) Teflon sample filters, as specified in section 6 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, conditioned and preweighed as required by section 8 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, as needed for the test samples.

(e) Test setup. (1) Three identical test samplers shall be installed at the test site in their normal configuration for collecting PM samples in accordance with the instructions in the associated manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3) and also in accordance with applicable supplemental guidance provided in reference 3 in appendix A of this subpart. The test samplers’ inlet openings shall be located at the same height above ground and between 2 (1 for samplers with flow rates less than 200 L/min.) and 4 meters apart horizontally. The samplers shall be arranged or oriented in a manner that will minimize the spatial and wind directional effects on sample collection of one sampler on any other sampler.

(2) Each test sampler shall be successfully leak checked, calibrated, and set up for normal operation in accordance with the instruction manual and with any applicable supplemental guidance provided in reference 3 in appendix A of this subpart.

(f) Test procedure. (1) Install a conditioned, preweighed filter in each test sampler and otherwise prepare each sampler for normal sample collection. Set identical sample collection start and stop times for each sampler. For sequential samplers, install a conditioned, preweighed specified filter in each available channel or station intended for automatic sequential sample filter collection (or at least five additional filters for magazine-type sequential samplers), as directed by the sampler’s operation or instruction manual. Since the inactive sequential channels are used for the storage deposition part of the test, they may not be used to collect the active PM test samples.

(2) Collect either a nominal 24-hour or 48-hour atmospheric PM sample simultaneously with each of the three test samplers.

(3) Following sample collection, retrieve the collected sample from each sampler. For sequential samplers, retrieve the additional stored (blank, unsampled) filters after at least 5 days (120 hours) storage in the sampler if the active samples are 24-hour samples, or after at least 10 days (240 hours) if the active samples are 48-hour samples.

(4) Determine the measured PM mass concentration for each sample in accordance with the applicable procedures prescribed for the candidate method in appendix L or appendix O, as applicable, of part 50 of this chapter, and in accordance with the associated manual referred to in § 53.4(b)(3) and supplemental guidance in reference 2 in appendix A of this subpart. For sequential samplers, also similarly determine the storage deposition as the net weight gain of each blank, unsampled filter after the 5-day (or 10-day) period of storage in the sampler.

(5) Repeat this procedure to obtain a total of 10 sets of any combination of (nominal) 24-hour or 48-hour PM measurements over 10 test periods. For sequential samplers, repeat the 5-day (or 10-day) storage test of additional blank filters once for a total of two sets of blank filters.

(g) Calculations. (1) Record the PM concentration for each test sampler for each test period as Ci,j, where i is the sampler number (i = 1,2,3) and j is the test period (j = 1,2, * * * 10).

(2)(i) For each test period, calculate and record the average of the three measured PM concentrations as Cave,j where j is the test period using equation 26 of this section:

(ii) If Cave,j 3 for any test period, data from that test period are unacceptable, and an additional sample collection set must be obtained to replace the unacceptable data.

(3)(i) Calculate and record the precision for each of the 10 test periods, as the standard deviation, using equation 27 of this section:

(ii) For each of the 10 test periods, also calculate and record the precision as the relative standard deviation, in percent, using equation 28 of this section:

(h) Test results. (1) The candidate method passes the precision test if either Pj or RPj is less than or equal to the corresponding specification in table E-1 of this subpart for all 10 test periods.

(2) The candidate sequential sampler passes the blank filter storage deposition test if the average net storage deposition weight gain of each set of blank filters (total of the net weight gain of each blank filter divided by the number of filters in the set) from each test sampler (six sets in all) is less than 50 µg.

[71 FR 61292, Oct. 17, 2006,as amended at 72 FR 32208, June 12, 2007]

§ 53.59 Aerosol transport test for Class I equivalent method samplers.

(a) Overview. This test is intended to verify adequate aerosol transport through any modified or air flow splitting components that may be used in a Class I candidate equivalent method sampler such as may be necessary to achieve sequential sampling capability. This test is applicable to all Class I candidate samplers in which the aerosol flow path (the flow path through which sample air passes upstream of sample collection filter) differs significantly from that specified for reference method samplers as specified in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or appendix O, as applicable. The test requirements and performance specifications for this test are summarized in table E-1 of this subpart.

(b) Technical definitions. (1) Aerosol transport is the percentage of a laboratory challenge aerosol which penetrates to the active sample filter of the candidate equivalent method sampler.

(2) The active sample filter is the exclusive filter through which sample air is flowing during performance of this test.

(3) A no-flow filter is a sample filter through which no sample air is intended to flow during performance of this test.

(4) A channel is any of two or more flow paths that the aerosol may take, only one of which may be active at a time.

(5) An added component is any physical part of the sampler which is different in some way from that specified for a reference method sampler in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L or appendix O, as applicable, such as a device or means to allow or cause the aerosol to be routed to one of several channels.

(2) Aerosol delivery system, as specified in § 53.64(c)(2).

(3) Particle size verification equipment, as specified in § 53.62(c)(3).

(4) Fluorometer, as specified in § 53.62(c)(7).

(5) Candidate test sampler, with the inlet and impactor or impactors removed, and with all internal surfaces of added components electroless nickel coated as specified in § 53.64(d)(2).

(6) Filters that are appropriate for use with fluorometric methods (e.g., glass fiber).

(d) Calibration of test measurement instruments. Submit documentation showing evidence of appropriately recent calibration, certification of calibration accuracy, and NIST-traceability (if required) of all measurement instruments used in the tests. The accuracy of flow rate meters shall be verified at the highest and lowest pressures and temperatures used in the tests and shall be checked at zero and at least one flow rate within ±3 percent of 16.7 L/min within 7 days prior to use for this test. Where an instrument’s measurements are to be recorded with an analog recording device, the accuracy of the entire instrument-recorder system shall be calibrated or verified.

(e) Test setup. (1) The candidate test sampler shall have its inlet and impactor or impactors removed. The lower end of the down tube shall be reconnected to the filter holder, using an extension of the downtube, if necessary. If the candidate sampler has a separate impactor for each channel, then for this test, the filter holder assemblies must be connected to the physical location on the sampler where the impactors would normally connect.

(2) The test particle delivery system shall be connected to the sampler downtube so that the test aerosol is introduced at the top of the downtube.

(f) Test procedure. (1) All surfaces of the added or modified component or components which come in contact with the aerosol flow shall be thoroughly washed with 0.01 N NaOH and then dried.

(2) Generate aerosol. (i) Generate aerosol composed of oleic acid with a uranine fluorometric tag of 3 ±0.25 µm aerodynamic diameter using a vibrating orifice aerosol generator according to conventions specified in § 53.61(g).

(ii) Check for the presence of satellites and adjust the generator to minimize their production.

(iii) Calculate the aerodynamic particle size using the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator. The calculated aerodynamic diameter must be 3 ±0.25 µm aerodynamic diameter.

(3) Verify the particle size according to procedures specified in § 53.62(d)(4)(i).

(4) Collect particles on filters for a time period such that the relative error of the resulting measured fluorometric concentration for the active filter is less than 5 percent.

(5) Determine the quantity of material collected on the active filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Record the mass of fluorometric material for the active filter as Mactive (i) where i = the active channel number.

(6) Determine the quantity of material collected on each no-flow filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Record the mass of fluorometric material on each no-flow filter as Mno-flow.

(7) Using 0.01 N NaOH, wash the surfaces of the added component or components which contact the aerosol flow. Determine the quantity of material collected using a calibrated fluorometer. Record the mass of fluorometric material collected in the wash as Mwash.

(8) Calculate the aerosol transport as:

Equation 29

where:

i = the active channel number.

(9) Repeat paragraphs (f)(1) through (8) of this section for each channel, making each channel in turn the exclusive active channel.

(g) Test results. The candidate Class I sampler passes the aerosol transport test if T(i) is at least 97 percent for each channel.

[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61293, Oct. 17, 2006]

Table E-1 to Subpart E of Part 53 – Summary of Test Requirements for Reference and Class I Equivalent Methods for PM 2.5 and PM 10-2.5

Subpart E procedure	Performance test	Performance specification	Test conditions	Part 50, appendix L reference
§ 53.52 Sample leak check test	Sampler leak check facility	External leakage: 80 mL/min, max Internal leakage: 80 mL/min, max	Controlled leak flow rate of 80 mL/min	Sec. 7.4.6.
§ 53.53 Base flow rate test	Sample flow rate 1. Mean 2. Regulation 3. Meas accuracy 4. CV accuracy 5. Cut-off	1. 16.67 ±5%, L/min 2. 2%, max 3. 2%, max 4. 0.3% max 5. Flow rate cut-off if flow rate deviates more than 10% from design flow rate for >60 ±30 seconds	(a) 6-hour normal operational test plus flow rate cut-off test (b) Normal conditions (c) Additional 55 mm Hg pressure drop to simulate loaded filter (d) Variable flow restriction used for cut-off test	Sec. 7.4.1. Sec. 7.4.2. Sec. 7.4.3. Sec. 7.4.4. Sec. 7.4.5.
§ 53.54 Power interruption test	Sample flow rate 1. Mean 2. Regulation 3. Meas. accuracy 4. CV accuracy 5. Occurrence time of power interruptions 6. Elapsed sample time 7. Sample volume	1. 16.67 ±5%, L/min 2. 2%, max 3. 2%, max 4. 0.3% max 5. ±2 min if >60 seconds. 6. ±20 seconds 7. ±2%, max	(a) 6-hour normal operational test (b) Nominal conditions (c) Additional 55 mm Hg pressure drop to simulate loaded filter (d) 6 power interruptions of various durations	Sec. 7.4.1. Sec. 7.4.2. Sec. 7.4.3. Sec. 7.4.5. Sec. 7.4.12. Sec. 7.4.13. Sec. 7.4.15.4. Sec. 7.4.15.5.
§ 53.55 Temperature and line voltage test	Sample flow rate 1. Mean 2. Regulation 3. Meas. accuracy 4. CV accuracy 5. Temperature meas. accuracy 6. Proper operation.	1. 16.67 ±5%, L/min 2. 2%, max 3. 2%, max 4. 0.3% max 5. 2 °C	(a) 6-hour normal operational test (b) Normal conditions (c) Additional 55 mm Hg pressure drop to simulate loaded filter (d) Ambient temperature at −20 and + 40 °C (e) Line voltage: 105 Vac to 125 Vac	Sec. 7.4.1. Sec. 7.4.2. Sec. 7.4.3. Sec. 7.4.5. Sec. 7.4.8. Sec. 7.4.15.1.
§ 53.56 Barometric pressure effect test	Sample flow rate 1. Mean 2. Regulation 3. Meas. accuracy 4. CV accuracy 5. Pressure meas. accuracy 6. Proper operation.	1. 16.67 ±5%, L/p;min 2. 2%, max 3. 2%, max 4. 0.3% max 5. 10 mm Hg	(a) 6-hour normal operational test (b) Normal conditions (c) Additional 55 mm Hg pressure drop to simulate loaded filter (d) Barometric pressure at 600 and 800 mm Hg	Sec. 7.4.1. Sec. 7.4.2. Sec. 7.4.3. Sec. 7.4.5. Sec. 7.4.9.
§ 53.57 Filter temperature control test	1. Filter temp. meas. accuracy 2. Ambient temp. meas. accuracy 3. Filter temp. control accuracy, sampling and non-sampling	1. 2 °C 2. 2 °C 3. Not more than 5 °C above ambient temp. for more than 30 min	(a) 4-hour simulated solar radiation, sampling (b) 4-hour simulated solar radiation, non-sampling (c) Solar flux of 1000 ±50 W/m ²	Sec. 7.4.8. Sec. 7.4.10. Sec. 7.4.11.
§ 53.58 Field precision test	1. Measurement precision 2. Storage deposition test for sequential samplers	1. Pj 3 or RPj 2. 50 µg max. average weight gain/blank filter	(a) 3 collocated samplers at 1 site for at least 10 days (b) PM 2.5 conc. >3 µg/m ³ (c) 24- or 48-hour samples (d) 5- or 10-day storage period for inactive stored filters	Sec. 5.1. Sec. 7.3.5. Sec. 8. Sec. 9. Sec. 10.
The Following Requirement Is Applicable to Class I Candidate Equivalent Methods Only
§ 53.59 Aerosol transport test	Aerosol transport	97%, min. for all channels.	Determine aerosol transport through any new or modified components with respect to the reference method sampler before the filter for each channel

[72 FR 32208, June 12, 2007]

Table E-2 to Subpart E of Part 53 – Spectral Energy Distribution and Permitted Tolerance for Conducting Radiative Tests

Characteristic	Spectral Region
Characteristic	Ultraviolet	Visible	Infrared
Bandwidth (µm)	0.28 to 0.32 0.32 to 0.40	0.40 to 0.78	0.78 to 3.00
Irradiance (W/m ²)	5 56	450 to 550	439
Allowed Tolerance	±35% ±25%	±10%	±10%

[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998]

Figure E-1 to Subpart E of Part 53 – Designation Testing Checklist

DESIGNATION TESTING CHECKLIST

__________ __________ __________

Auditee Auditor signature Date

Compliance Status: Y = Yes N = No NA = Not applicable/Not available
Verification			Verified by Direct Observation of Process or of Documented Evidence: Performance, Design or Application Spec. Corresponding to Sections of 40 CFR Part 53 or 40 CFR Part 50, Appendix L
Y	N	NA
			Performance Specification Tests
			Sample flow rate coefficient of variation (§ 53.53) (L-7.4.3)
			Filter temperature control (sampling) (§ 53.57) (L-7.4.10)
			Elapsed sample time accuracy (§ 53.54) (L-7.4.13)
			Filter temperature control (post sampling) (§ 53.57) (L-7.4.10)
			Application Specification Tests
			Field Precision (§ 53.58) (L-5.1)
			Meets all Appendix L requirements (part 53, subpart A, § 53.2(a)(3)) (part 53, subpart E, § 53.51(a),(d))
			Filter Weighing (L-8)
			Field Sampling Procedure (§ 53.30, .31, .34)
			Design Specification Tests
			Filter (L-6)
			Range of Operational Conditions (L-7.4.7)
The Following Requirements Apply Only to Class I Candidate Equivalent Methods
			Aerosol Transport (§ 53.59)

Appendix A to Subpart E of Part 53 – References

(2) American National Standard Quality Systems for Environmental Data and Technology Programs – Requirements with guidance for use, ANSI/ASQC E4-2004. Available from American Society for Quality, P.O. Box 3005, Milwaukee, WI 53202 (http://qualitypress.asq.org).

(3) Quality Assurance Guidance Document 2.12. Monitoring PM 2.5 in Ambient Air Using Designated Reference or Class I Equivalent Methods. U.S. EPA, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC, November 1998 or later edition. Currently available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/amtic/pmqainf.html.

(4) Military standard specification (mil. spec.) 8625F, Type II, Class 1 as listed in Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DODISS), available from DODSSP-Customer Service, Standardization Documents Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 1911-5094.

(5) Quality Assurance Handbook for Air Pollution Measurement Systems, Volume IV: Meteorological Measurements. Revised March, 1995. EPA-600/R-94-038d. Available from National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161, (800-553-6847, http://www.ntis.gov). NTIS number PB95-199782INZ.

(6) Military standard specification (mil. spec.) 810-E as listed in Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DODISS), available from DODSSP-Customer Service, Standardization Documents Order Desk, 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 1911-5094.

[62 FR 38799, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61295, Oct. 17, 2006]

Subpart F – Procedures for Testing Performance Characteristics of Class II Equivalent Methods for PM 2.5

Source:62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997, unless otherwise noted.

§ 53.60 General provisions.

(a) This subpart sets forth the specific requirements that a PM 2.5 sampler associated with a candidate Class II equivalent method must meet to be designated as an equivalent method for PM 2.5. This subpart also sets forth the explicit test procedures that must be carried out and the test results, evidence, documentation, and other materials that must be provided to EPA to demonstrate that a sampler meets all specified requirements for designation as an equivalent method.

(b) A candidate method described in an application for a FRM or FEM determination submitted under § 53.4 shall be determined by the EPA to be a Class II candidate equivalent method on the basis of the definition of a Class II FEM in § 53.1.

(c) Any sampler associated with a Class II candidate equivalent method (Class II sampler) must meet all applicable requirements for FRM samplers or Class I FEM samplers specified in subpart E of this part, as appropriate. Except as provided in § 53.3(a)(3), a Class II PM 2.5 sampler must meet the additional requirements as specified in paragraph (d) of this section.

(d) Except as provided in paragraphs (d)(1), (2), and (3) of this section, all Class II samplers are subject to the additional tests and performance requirements specified in § 53.62 (full wind tunnel test), § 53.65 (loading test), and § 53.66 (volatility test). Alternative tests and performance requirements, as described in paragraphs (d)(1), (2), and (3) of this section, are optionally available for certain Class II samplers which meet the requirements for reference method or Class I equivalent method samplers given in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, and in subpart E of this part, except for specific deviations of the inlet, fractionator, or filter.

(1) Inlet deviation. A sampler which has been determined to be a Class II sampler solely because the design or construction of its inlet deviates from the design or construction of the inlet specified in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, for reference method samplers shall not be subject to the requirements of § 53.62 (full wind tunnel test), provided that it meets all requirements of § 53.63 (wind tunnel inlet aspiration test), § 53.65 (loading test), and § 53.66 (volatility test).

(2) Fractionator deviation. A sampler which has been determined to be a Class II sampler solely because the design or construction of its particle size fractionator deviates from the design or construction of the particle size fractionator specified in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L for reference method samplers shall not be subject to the requirements of § 53.62 (full wind tunnel test), provided that it meets all requirements of § 53.64 (static fractionator test), § 53.65 (loading test), and § 53.66 (volatility test).

(3) Filter size deviation. A sampler which has been determined to be a Class II sampler solely because its effective filtration area deviates from that of the reference method filter specified in 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, for reference method samplers shall not be subject to the requirements of § 53.62 (full wind tunnel test) nor § 53.65 (loading test), provided it meets all requirements of § 53.66 (volatility test).

(e) The test specifications and acceptance criteria for each test are summarized in table F-1 of this subpart. The candidate sampler must demonstrate performance that meets the acceptance criteria for each applicable test to be designated as an equivalent method.

(f) Overview of various test procedures for Class II samplers – (1) Full wind tunnel test. This test procedure is designed to ensure that the candidate sampler’s effectiveness (aspiration of an ambient aerosol and penetration of the sub 2.5-micron fraction to its sample filter) will be comparable to that of a reference method sampler. The candidate sampler is challenged at wind speeds of 2 and 24 km/hr with monodisperse aerosols of the size specified in table F-2 of this subpart. The experimental test results are then integrated with three idealized ambient distributions (typical, fine, and coarse) to yield the expected mass concentration measurement for each. The acceptance criteria are based on the results of this numerical analysis and the particle diameter for which the sampler effectiveness is 50 percent.

(2) Wind tunnel inlet aspiration test. The wind tunnel inlet aspiration test directly compares the inlet of the candidate sampler to the inlet of a reference method sampler with the single-sized, liquid, monodisperse challenge aerosol specified in table F-2 of this subpart at wind speeds of 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr. The acceptance criteria, presented in table F-1 of this subpart, is based on the relative aspiration between the candidate inlet and the reference method inlet.

(3) Static fractionator test. The static fractionator test determines the effectiveness of the candidate sampler’s 2.5-micron fractionator under static conditions for aerosols of the size specified in table F-2 of this subpart. The numerical analysis procedures and acceptance criteria are identical to those in the full wind tunnel test.

(4) Loading test. The loading test is conducted to ensure that the performance of a candidate sampler is not significantly affected by the amount of particulate deposited on its interior surfaces between periodic cleanings. The candidate sampler is artificially loaded by sampling a test environment containing aerosolized, standard test dust. The duration of the loading phase is dependent on both the time between cleaning as specified by the candidate method and the aerosol mass concentration in the test environment. After loading, the candidate’s performance must then be evaluated by § 53.62 (full wind tunnel evaluation), § 53.63 (wind tunnel inlet aspiration test), or § 53.64 (static fractionator test). If the results of the appropriate test meet the criteria presented in table F-1 of this subpart, then the candidate sampler passes the loading test under the condition that it be cleaned at least as often as the cleaning frequency proposed by the candidate method and that has been demonstrated to be acceptable by this test.

(5) Volatility test. The volatility test challenges the candidate sampler with a polydisperse, semi-volatile liquid aerosol. This aerosol is simultaneously sampled by the candidate method sampler and a reference method sampler for a specified time period. Clean air is then passed through the samplers during a blow-off time period. Residual mass is then calculated as the weight of the filter after the blow-off phase is subtracted from the initial weight of the filter. Acceptance criteria are based on a comparison of the residual mass measured by the candidate sampler (corrected for flow rate variations from that of the reference method) to the residual mass measured by the reference method sampler for several specified clean air sampling time periods.

(g) Test data. All test data and other documentation obtained from or pertinent to these tests shall be identified, dated, signed by the analyst performing the test, and submitted to EPA as part of the equivalent method application. Schematic drawings of each particle delivery system and other information showing complete procedural details of the test atmosphere generation, verification, and delivery techniques for each test performed shall be submitted to EPA. All pertinent calculations shall be clearly presented. In addition, manufacturers are required to submit as part of the application, a Designation Testing Checklist (Figure F-1 of this subpart) which has been completed and signed by an ISO-certified auditor.

[62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61295, Oct. 17, 2006]

§ 53.61 Test conditions.

(a) Sampler surface preparation. Internal surfaces of the candidate sampler shall be cleaned and dried prior to performing any Class II sampler test in this subpart. The internal collection surfaces of the sampler shall then be prepared in strict accordance with the operating instructions specified in the sampler’s operating manual referred to in section 7.4.18 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L.

(b) Sampler setup. Set up and start up of all test samplers shall be in strict accordance with the operating instructions specified in the manual referred to in section 7.4.18 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L, unless otherwise specified within this subpart.

(c) Sampler adjustments. Once the test sampler or samplers have been set up and the performance tests started, manual adjustment shall be permitted only between test points for all applicable tests. Manual adjustments and any periodic maintenance shall be limited to only those procedures prescribed in the manual referred to in section 7.4.18 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L. The submitted records shall clearly indicate when any manual adjustment or periodic maintenance was made and shall describe the operations performed.

(d) Sampler malfunctions. If a test sampler malfunctions during any of the applicable tests, that test run shall be repeated. A detailed explanation of all malfunctions and the remedial actions taken shall be submitted as part of the equivalent method application.

(e) Particle concentration measurements. All measurements of particle concentration must be made such that the relative error in measurement is less than 5.0 percent. Relative error is defined as (s × 100 percent)/(X), where s is the sample standard deviation of the particle concentration detector, X is the measured concentration, and the units of s and X are identical.

(f) Operation of test measurement equipment. All test measurement equipment shall be set up, calibrated, and maintained by qualified personnel according to the manufacturer’s instructions. All appropriate calibration information and manuals for this equipment shall be kept on file.

(g) Vibrating orifice aerosol generator conventions. This section prescribes conventions regarding the use of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator (VOAG) for the size-selective performance tests outlined in §§ 53.62, 53.63, 53.64, and 53.65.

(1) Particle aerodynamic diameter. The VOAG produces near-monodisperse droplets through the controlled breakup of a liquid jet. When the liquid solution consists of a non-volatile solute dissolved in a volatile solvent, the droplets dry to form particles of near-monodisperse size.

(i) The physical diameter of a generated spherical particle can be calculated from the operating parameters of the VOAG as:

Equation 1

where:

Dp = particle physical diameter, µm;

Q = liquid volumetric flow rate, µm
3/sec;

Cvol = volume concentration (particle volume produced per drop volume), dimensionless; and

f = frequency of applied vibrational signal, 1/sec.

(ii) A given particle’s aerodynamic behavior is a function of its physical particle size, particle shape, and density. Aerodynamic diameter is defined as the diameter of a unit density (ρo = 1g/cm
3) sphere having the same settling velocity as the particle under consideration. For converting a spherical particle of known density to aerodynamic diameter, the governing relationship is:

Equation 2

where:

Dae = particle aerodynamic diameter, µm;

ρp = particle density, g/cm
3;

ρo = aerodynamic particle density = 1 g/cm
3;

CDp = Cunningham’s slip correction factor for physical particle diameter, dimensionless; and

CDae = Cunningham’s slip correction factor for aerodynamic particle diameter, dimensionless.

(iii) At room temperature and standard pressure, the Cunningham’s slip correction factor is solely a function of particle diameter:

Equation 3

or

Equation 4

(iv) Since the slip correction factor is itself a function of particle diameter, the aerodynamic diameter in equation 2 of paragraph (g)(1)(ii) of this section cannot be solved directly but must be determined by iteration.

(2) Solid particle generation. (i) Solid particle tests performed in this subpart shall be conducted using particles composed of ammonium fluorescein. For use in the VOAG, liquid solutions of known volumetric concentration can be prepared by diluting fluorescein powder (C20H12O5, FW = 332.31, CAS 2321-07-5) with aqueous ammonia. Guidelines for preparation of fluorescein solutions of the desired volume concentration (Cvol) are presented by Vanderpool and Rubow (1988) (Reference 2 in appendix A of this subpart). For purposes of converting particle physical diameter to aerodynamic diameter, an ammonium fluorescein density of 1.35 g/cm
3 shall be used.

(ii) Mass deposits of ammonium fluorescein shall be extracted and analyzed using solutions of 0.01 N ammonium hydroxide.

(3) Liquid particle generation. (i) Tests prescribed in § 53.63 for inlet aspiration require the use of liquid particle tests composed of oleic acid tagged with uranine to enable subsequent fluorometric quantitation of collected aerosol mass deposits. Oleic acid (C18H34O2, FW = 282.47, CAS 112-80-1) has a density of 0.8935 g/cm
3. Because the viscosity of oleic acid is relatively high, significant errors can occur when dispensing oleic acid using volumetric pipettes. For this reason, it is recommended that oleic acid solutions be prepared by quantifying dispensed oleic acid gravimetrically. The volume of oleic acid dispensed can then be calculated simply by dividing the dispensed mass by the oleic acid density.

(ii) Oleic acid solutions tagged with uranine shall be prepared as follows. A known mass of oleic acid shall first be diluted using absolute ethanol. The desired mass of the uranine tag should then be diluted in a separate container using absolute ethanol. Uranine (C20H10O5Na2, FW = 376.3, CAS 518-47-8) is the disodium salt of fluorescein and has a density of 1.53 g/cm
3. In preparing uranine tagged oleic acid particles, the uranine content shall not exceed 20 percent on a mass basis. Once both oleic acid and uranine solutions are properly prepared, they can then be combined and diluted to final volume using absolute ethanol.

(iii) Calculation of the physical diameter of the particles produced by the VOAG requires knowledge of the liquid solution’s volume concentration (Cvol). Because uranine is essentially insoluble in oleic acid, the total particle volume is the sum of the oleic acid volume and the uranine volume. The volume concentration of the liquid solution shall be calculated as:

Equation 5

where:

Vu = uranine volume, ml;

Voleic = oleic acid volume, ml;

Vsol = total solution volume, ml;

Mu = uranine mass, g;

ρu = uranine density, g/cm
3;

Moleic = oleic acid mass, g; and

ρoleic = oleic acid density, g/cm.
3

(iv) For purposes of converting the particles’ physical diameter to aerodynamic diameter, the density of the generated particles shall be calculated as:

Equation 6

(v) Mass deposits of oleic acid shall be extracted and analyzed using solutions of 0.01 N sodium hydroxide.

[62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998]

§ 53.62 Test procedure: Full wind tunnel test.

(a) Overview. The full wind tunnel test evaluates the effectiveness of the candidate sampler at 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr for aerosols of the size specified in table F-2 of this subpart (under the heading, “Full Wind Tunnel Test”). For each wind speed, a smooth curve is fit to the effectiveness data and corrected for the presence of multiplets in the wind tunnel calibration aerosol. The cutpoint diameter (Dp50) at each wind speed is then determined from the corrected effectiveness curves. The two resultant penetration curves are then each numerically integrated with three idealized ambient particle size distributions to provide six estimates of measured mass concentration. Critical parameters for these idealized distributions are presented in table F-3 of this subpart.

(b) Technical definitions. Effectiveness is the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the mass concentration of particles of a specific size reaching the sampler filter or filters to the mass concentration of particles of the same size approaching the sampler.

(c) Facilities and equipment required – (1) Wind tunnel. The particle delivery system shall consist of a blower system and a wind tunnel having a test section of sufficiently large cross-sectional area such that the test sampler, or portion thereof, as installed in the test section for testing, blocks no more than 15 percent of the test section area. The wind tunnel blower system must be capable of maintaining uniform wind speeds at the 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr in the test section.

(2) Aerosol generation system. A vibrating orifice aerosol generator shall be used to produce monodisperse solid particles of ammonium fluorescein with equivalent aerodynamic diameters as specified in table F-2 of this subpart. The geometric standard deviation for each particle size generated shall not exceed 1.1 (for primary particles) and the proportion of multiplets (doublets and triplets) in all test particle atmosphere shall not exceed 10 percent of the particle population. The aerodynamic particle diameter, as established by the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator, shall be within the tolerance specified in table F-2 of this subpart.

(3) Particle size verification equipment. The size of the test particles shall be verified during this test by use of a suitable instrument (e.g., scanning electron microscope, optical particle sizer, time-of-flight apparatus). The instrument must be capable of measuring solid and liquid test particles with a size resolution of 0.1 µm or less. The accuracy of the particle size verification technique shall be 0.15 µm or better.

(4) Wind speed measurement. The wind speed in the wind tunnel shall be determined during the tests using an appropriate technique capable of a precision of 2 percent and an accuracy of 5 percent or better (e.g., hot-wire anemometry). For the wind speeds specified in table F-2 of this subpart, the wind speed shall be measured at a minimum of 12 test points in a cross-sectional area of the test section of the wind tunnel. The mean wind speed in the test section must be within ±10 percent of the value specified in table F-2 of this subpart, and the variation at any test point in the test section may not exceed 10 percent of the measured mean.

(5) Aerosol rake. The cross-sectional uniformity of the particle concentration in the sampling zone of the test section shall be established during the tests using an array of isokinetic samplers, referred to as a rake. Not less than five evenly spaced isokinetic samplers shall be used to determine the particle concentration spatial uniformity in the sampling zone. The sampling zone shall be a rectangular area having a horizontal dimension not less than 1.2 times the width of the test sampler at its inlet opening and a vertical dimension not less than 25 centimeters.

(6) Total aerosol isokinetic sampler. After cross-sectional uniformity has been confirmed, a single isokinetic sampler may be used in place of the array of isokinetic samplers for the determination of particle mass concentration used in the calculation of sampling effectiveness of the test sampler in paragraph (d)(5) of this section. In this case, the array of isokinetic samplers must be used to demonstrate particle concentration uniformity prior to the replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness.

(7) Fluorometer. A fluorometer used for quantifying extracted aerosol mass deposits shall be set up, maintained, and calibrated according to the manufacturer’s instructions. A series of calibration standards shall be prepared to encompass the minimum and maximum concentrations measured during size-selective tests. Prior to each calibration and measurement, the fluorometer shall be zeroed using an aliquot of the same solvent used for extracting aerosol mass deposits.

(8) Sampler flow rate measurements. All flow rate measurements used to calculate the test atmosphere concentrations and the test results must be accurate to within ±2 percent, referenced to a NIST-traceable primary standard. Any necessary flow rate measurement corrections shall be clearly documented. All flow rate measurements shall be performed and reported in actual volumetric units.

(d) Test procedures – (1) Establish and verify wind speed. (i) Establish a wind speed specified in table F-2 of this subpart.

(ii) Measure the wind speed at a minimum of 12 test points in a cross-sectional area of the test section of the wind tunnel using a device as described in paragraph (c)(4) of this section.

(iii) Verify that the mean wind speed in the test section of the wind tunnel during the tests is within 10 percent of the value specified in table F-2 of this subpart. The wind speed measured at any test point in the test section shall not differ by more than 10 percent from the mean wind speed in the test section.

(2) Generate aerosol. (i) Generate particles of a size specified in table F-2 of this subpart using a vibrating orifice aerosol generator.

(ii) Check for the presence of satellites and adjust the generator as necessary.

(iii) Calculate the physical particle size using the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator and record.

(iv) Determine the particle’s aerodynamic diameter from the calculated physical diameter and the known density of the generated particle. The calculated aerodynamic diameter must be within the tolerance specified in table F-2 of this subpart.

(3) Introduce particles into the wind tunnel. Introduce the generated particles into the wind tunnel and allow the particle concentration to stabilize.

(4) Verify the quality of the test aerosol. (i) Extract a representative sample of the aerosol from the sampling test zone and measure the size distribution of the collected particles using an appropriate sizing technique. If the measurement technique does not provide a direct measure of aerodynamic diameter, the geometric mean aerodynamic diameter of the challenge aerosol must be calculated using the known density of the particle and the measured mean physical diameter. The determined geometric mean aerodynamic diameter of the test aerosol must be within 0.15 µm of the aerodynamic diameter calculated from the operating parameters of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator. The geometric standard deviation of the primary particles must not exceed 1.1.

(ii) Determine the population of multiplets in the collected sample. The multiplet population of the particle test atmosphere must not exceed 10 percent of the total particle population.

(5) Aerosol uniformity and concentration measurement. (i) Install an array of five or more evenly spaced isokinetic samplers in the sampling zone (paragraph (c)(5) of this section). Collect particles on appropriate filters over a time period such that the relative error of the measured particle concentration is less than 5.0 percent.

(ii) Determine the quantity of material collected with each isokinetic sampler in the array using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration for each isokinetic sampler as:

Equation 7

where:

i = replicate number;

j = isokinetic sampler number;

Miso = mass of material collected with the isokinetic sampler;

Q = isokinetic sampler volumetric flow rate; and

t = sampling time.

(iii) Calculate and record the mean mass concentration as:

Equation 8

where:

i = replicate number;

j = isokinetic sampler number; and

n = total number of isokinetic samplers.

(iv) Precision calculation. (A) Calculate the coefficient of variation of the mass concentration measurements as:

Equation 9

where:

i = replicate number;

j = isokinetic sampler number; and

n = total number of isokinetic samplers.

(B) If the value of CViso(i) for any replicate exceeds 10 percent, the particle concentration uniformity is unacceptable and step 5 must be repeated. If adjustment of the vibrating orifice aerosol generator or changes in the particle delivery system are necessary to achieve uniformity, steps 1 through 5 must be repeated. When an acceptable aerosol spatial uniformity is achieved, remove the array of isokinetic samplers from the wind tunnel.

(6) Alternative measure of wind tunnel total concentration. If a single isokinetic sampler is used to determine the mean aerosol concentration in the wind tunnel, install the sampler in the wind tunnel with the sampler nozzle centered in the sampling zone (paragraph (c)(6) of this section).

(i) Collect particles on an appropriate filter over a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent.

(ii) Determine the quantity of material collected with the isokinetic sampler using a calibrated fluorometer.

(iii) Calculate and record the mass concentration as Ciso(i) as in paragraph (d)(5)(ii) of this section.

(iv) Remove the isokinetic sampler from the wind tunnel.

(7) Measure the aerosol with the candidate sampler. (i) Install the test sampler (or portion thereof) in the wind tunnel with the sampler inlet opening centered in the sampling zone. To meet the maximum blockage limit of paragraph (c)(1) of this section or for convenience, part of the test sampler may be positioned external to the wind tunnel provided that neither the geometry of the sampler nor the length of any connecting tube or pipe is altered. Collect particles for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent.

(ii) Remove the test sampler from the wind tunnel.

(iii) Determine the quantity of material collected with the test sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration for each replicate as:

Equation 10

where:

i = replicate number;

Mcand = mass of material collected with the candidate sampler;

Q = candidate sampler volumetric flow rate; and

t = sampling time.

(iv)(A) Calculate and record the sampling effectiveness of the candidate sampler as:

Equation 11

where:

i = replicate number.

(B) If a single isokinetic sampler is used for the determination of particle mass concentration, replace Ciso(i) with Ciso.

(8) Replicate measurements and calculation of mean sampling effectiveness. (i) Repeat steps in paragraphs (d)(5) through (d)(7) of this section, as appropriate, to obtain a minimum of three valid replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness.

(ii) Calculate and record the average sampling effectiveness of the test sampler for the particle size as:

Equation 12

where:

i = replicate number; and

n = number of replicates.

(iii) Sampling effectiveness precision. (A) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation for the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements of the test sampler as:

Equation 13

where:

i = replicate number, and

n = number of replicates.

(B) If the value of CVE exceeds 10 percent, the test run (steps in paragraphs (d)(2) through (d)(8) of this section) must be repeated until an acceptable value is obtained.

(9) Repeat steps in paragraphs (d)(2) through (d)(8) of this section until the sampling effectiveness has been measured for all particle sizes specified in table F-2 of this subpart.

(10) Repeat steps in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(9) of this section until tests have been successfully conducted for both wind speeds of 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr.

(e) Calculations – (1) Graphical treatment of effectiveness data. For each wind speed given in table F-2 of this subpart, plot the particle average sampling effectiveness of the candidate sampler as a function of aerodynamic particle diameter (Dae) on semi-logarithmic graph paper where the aerodynamic particle diameter is the particle size established by the parameters of the VOAG in conjunction with the known particle density. Construct a best-fit, smooth curve through the data by extrapolating the sampling effectiveness curve through 100 percent at an aerodynamic particle size of 0.5 µm and 0 percent at an aerodynamic particle size of 10 µm. Correction for the presence of multiplets shall be performed using the techniques presented by Marple, et al (1987). This multiplet-corrected effectiveness curve shall be used for all remaining calculations in this paragraph (e).

(2) Cutpoint determination. For each wind speed determine the sampler Dp50 cutpoint defined as the aerodynamic particle size corresponding to 50 percent effectiveness from the multiplet corrected smooth curve.

(3) Expected mass concentration calculation. For each wind speed, calculate the estimated mass concentration measurement for the test sampler under each particle size distribution (Tables F-4, F-5, and F-6 of this subpart) and compare it to the mass concentration predicted for the reference sampler as follows:

(i) Determine the value of corrected effectiveness using the best-fit, multiplet-corrected curve at each of the particle sizes specified in the first column of table F-4 of this subpart. Record each corrected effectiveness value as a decimal between 0 and 1 in column 2 of table F-4 of this subpart.

(ii) Calculate the interval estimated mass concentration measurement by multiplying the values of corrected effectiveness in column 2 by the interval mass concentration values in column 3 and enter the products in column 4 of table F-4 of this subpart.

(iii) Calculate the estimated mass concentration measurement by summing the values in column 4 and entering the total as the estimated mass concentration measurement for the test sampler at the bottom of column 4 of table F-4 of this subpart.

(iv) Calculate the estimated mass concentration ratio between the candidate method and the reference method as:

Equation 14

where:

Ccand(est) = estimated mass concentration measurement for the test sampler, µg/m
3; and

Cref(est) = estimated mass concentration measurement for the reference sampler, µg/m
3 (calculated for the reference sampler and specified at the bottom of column 7 of table F-4 of this subpart).

(v) Repeat steps in paragraphs (e) (1) through (e)(3) of this section for tables F-5 and F-6 of this subpart.

(f) Evaluation of test results. The candidate method passes the wind tunnel effectiveness test if the Rc value for each wind speed meets the specification in table F-1 of this subpart for each of the three particle size distributions.

§ 53.63 Test procedure: Wind tunnel inlet aspiration test.

(a) Overview. This test applies to a candidate sampler which differs from the reference method sampler only with respect to the design of the inlet. The purpose of this test is to ensure that the aspiration of a Class II candidate sampler is such that it representatively extracts an ambient aerosol at elevated wind speeds. This wind tunnel test uses a single-sized, liquid aerosol in conjunction with wind speeds of 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr. The test atmosphere concentration is alternately measured with the candidate sampler and a reference method device, both of which are operated without the 2.5-micron fractionation device installed. The test conditions are summarized in table F-2 of this subpart (under the heading of “wind tunnel inlet aspiration test”). The candidate sampler must meet or exceed the acceptance criteria given in table F-1 of this subpart.

(b) Technical definition. Relative aspiration is the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the aerosol mass concentration measured by the candidate sampler to that measured by a reference method sampler.

(c) Facilities and equipment required. The facilities and equipment are identical to those required for the full wind tunnel test (§ 53.62(c)).

(d) Setup. The candidate and reference method samplers shall be operated with the PM 2.5 fractionation device removed from the flow path throughout this entire test procedure. Modifications to accommodate this requirement shall be limited to removal of the fractionator and insertion of the filter holder directly into the downtube of the inlet.

(e) Test procedure – (1) Establish the wind tunnel test atmosphere. Follow the procedures in § 53.62(d)(1) through (d)(4) to establish a test atmosphere for one of the two wind speeds specified in table F-2 of this subpart.

(2) Measure the aerosol concentration with the reference sampler. (i) Install the reference sampler (or portion thereof) in the wind tunnel with the sampler inlet opening centered in the sampling zone. To meet the maximum blockage limit of § 53.62(c)(1) or for convenience, part of the test sampler may be positioned external to the wind tunnel provided that neither the geometry of the sampler nor the length of any connecting tube or pipe is altered. Collect particles for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent.

(ii) Determine the quantity of material collected with the reference method sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration as:

Equation 15

where:

i = replicate number;

Mref = mass of material collected with the reference method sampler;

Q = reference method sampler volumetric flow rate; and

t = sampling time.

(iii) Remove the reference method sampler from the tunnel.

(3) Measure the aerosol concentration with the candidate sampler. (i) Install the candidate sampler (or portion thereof) in the wind tunnel with the sampler inlet centered in the sampling zone. To meet the maximum blockage limit of § 53.62(c)(1) or for convenience, part of the test sampler may be positioned external to the wind tunnel provided that neither the geometry of the sampler nor the length of any connecting tube or pipe is altered. Collect particles for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent.

(ii) Determine the quantity of material collected with the candidate sampler using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration as:

Equation 16

where:

i = replicate number;

Mcand = mass of material collected with the candidate sampler;

Q = candidate sampler volumetric flow rate; and

t = sampling time.

(iii) Remove the candidate sampler from the wind tunnel.

(4) Repeat steps in paragraphs (d) (2) and (d)(3) of this section. Alternately measure the tunnel concentration with the reference sampler and the candidate sampler until four reference sampler and three candidate sampler measurements of the wind tunnel concentration are obtained.

(5) Calculations. (i) Calculate and record aspiration ratio for each candidate sampler run as:

Equation 17

where:

i = replicate number.

(ii) Calculate and record the mean aspiration ratio as:

Equation 18

where:

i = replicate number; and

n = total number of measurements of aspiration ratio.

(iii) Precision of the aspiration ratio. (A) Calculate and record the precision of the aspiration ratio measurements as the coefficient of variation as:

Equation 19

where:

i = replicate number; and

n = total number of measurements of aspiration ratio.

(B) If the value of CVA exceeds 10 percent, the entire test procedure must be repeated.

(f) Evaluation of test results. The candidate method passes the inlet aspiration test if all values of A meet the acceptance criteria specified in table F-1 of this subpart.

§ 53.64 Test procedure: Static fractionator test.

(a) Overview. This test applies only to those candidate methods in which the sole deviation from the reference method is in the design of the 2.5-micron fractionation device. The purpose of this test is to ensure that the fractionation characteristics of the candidate fractionator are acceptably similar to that of the reference method sampler. It is recognized that various methodologies exist for quantifying fractionator effectiveness. The following commonly-employed techniques are provided for purposes of guidance. Other methodologies for determining sampler effectiveness may be used contingent upon prior approval by the Agency.

(1) Wash-off method. Effectiveness is determined by measuring the aerosol mass deposited on the candidate sampler’s after filter versus the aerosol mass deposited in the fractionator. The material deposited in the fractionator is recovered by washing its internal surfaces. For these wash-off tests, a fluorometer must be used to quantitate the aerosol concentration. Note that if this technique is chosen, the candidate must be reloaded with coarse aerosol prior to each test point when reevaluating the curve as specified in the loading test.

(2) Static chamber method. Effectiveness is determined by measuring the aerosol mass concentration sampled by the candidate sampler’s after filter versus that which exists in a static chamber. A calibrated fluorometer shall be used to quantify the collected aerosol deposits. The aerosol concentration is calculated as the measured aerosol mass divided by the sampled air volume.

(3) Divided flow method. Effectiveness is determined by comparing the aerosol concentration upstream of the candidate sampler’s fractionator versus that concentration which exists downstream of the candidate fractionator. These tests may utilize either fluorometry or a real-time aerosol measuring device to determine the aerosol concentration.

(b) Technical definition. Effectiveness under static conditions is the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the mass concentration of particles of a given size reaching the sampler filter to the mass concentration of particles of the same size existing in the test atmosphere.

(c) Facilities and equipment required – (1) Aerosol generation. Methods for generating aerosols shall be identical to those prescribed in § 53.62(c)(2).

(2) Particle delivery system. Acceptable apparatus for delivering the generated aerosols to the candidate fractionator is dependent on the effectiveness measurement methodology and shall be defined as follows:

(i) Wash-off test apparatus. The aerosol may be delivered to the candidate fractionator through direct piping (with or without an in-line mixing chamber). Validation particle size and quality shall be conducted at a point directly upstream of the fractionator.

(ii) Static chamber test apparatus. The aerosol shall be introduced into a chamber and sufficiently mixed such that the aerosol concentration within the chamber is spatially uniform. The chamber must be of sufficient size to house at least four total filter samplers in addition to the inlet of the candidate method size fractionator. Validation of particle size and quality shall be conducted on representative aerosol samples extracted from the chamber.

(iii) Divided flow test apparatus. The apparatus shall allow the aerosol concentration to be measured upstream and downstream of the fractionator. The aerosol shall be delivered to a manifold with two symmetrical branching legs. One of the legs, referred to as the bypass leg, shall allow the challenge aerosol to pass unfractionated to the detector. The other leg shall accommodate the fractionation device.

(3) Particle concentration measurement – (i) Fluorometry. Refer to § 53.62(c)(7).

(ii) Number concentration measurement. A number counting particle sizer may be used in conjunction with the divided flow test apparatus in lieu of fluorometric measurement. This device must have a minimum range of 1 to 10 µm, a resolution of 0.1 µm, and an accuracy of 0.15 µm such that primary particles may be distinguished from multiplets for all test aerosols. The measurement of number concentration shall be accomplished by integrating the primary particle peak.

(d) Setup – (1) Remove the inlet and downtube from the candidate fractionator. All tests procedures shall be conducted with the inlet and downtube removed from the candidate sampler.

(2) Surface treatment of the fractionator. Rinsing aluminum surfaces with alkaline solutions has been found to adversely affect subsequent fluorometric quantitation of aerosol mass deposits. If wash-off tests are to be used for quantifying aerosol penetration, internal surfaces of the fractionator must first be plated with electroless nickel. Specifications for this plating are specified in Society of Automotive Engineers Aerospace Material Specification (SAE AMS) 2404C, Electroless Nickel Plating (Reference 3 in appendix A of subpart F).

(e) Test procedure: Wash-off method – (1) Clean the candidate sampler. Note: The procedures in this step may be omitted if this test is being used to evaluate the fractionator after being loaded as specified in § 53.65.

(i) Clean and dry the internal surfaces of the candidate sampler.

(ii) Prepare the internal fractionator surfaces in strict accordance with the operating instructions specified in the sampler’s operating manual referred to in section 7.4.18 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L.

(2) Generate aerosol. Follow the procedures for aerosol generation prescribed in § 53.62(d)(2).

(3) Verify the quality of the test aerosol. Follow the procedures for verification of test aerosol size and quality prescribed in § 53.62(d)(4).

(4) Determine effectiveness for the particle size being produced. (i) Collect particles downstream of the fractionator on an appropriate filter over a time period such that the relative error of the fluorometric measurement is less than 5.0 percent.

(ii) Determine the quantity of material collected on the after filter of the candidate method using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the aerosol mass concentration for the sampler filter as:

Equation 20

where:

i = replicate number;

Mcand = mass of material collected with the candidate sampler;

Q = candidate sampler volumetric flowrate; and

t = sampling time.

(iii) Wash all interior surfaces upstream of the filter and determine the quantity of material collected using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the fluorometric mass concentration of the sampler wash as:

Equation 21

where:

i = replicate number;

Mwash = mass of material washed from the interior surfaces of the fractionator;

Q = candidate sampler volumetric flowrate; and

t = sampling time.

(iv) Calculate and record the sampling effectiveness of the test sampler for this particle size as:

Equation 22

where:

i = replicate number.

(v) Repeat steps in paragraphs (e)(4) of this section, as appropriate, to obtain a minimum of three replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness. Note: The procedures for loading the candidate in § 53.65 must be repeated between repetitions if this test is being used to evaluate the fractionator after being loaded as specified in § 53.65.

(vi) Calculate and record the average sampling effectiveness of the test sampler as:

Equation 23

where:

i = replicate number; and

n = number of replicates.

(vii)(A) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation for the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements of the test sampler as:

Equation 24

where:

i = replicate number; and

n = total number of measurements.

(B) If the value of CVE exceeds 10 percent, then steps in paragraphs (e) (2) through (e)(4) of this section must be repeated.

(5) Repeat steps in paragraphs (e) (1) through (e)(4) of this section for each particle size specified in table F-2 of this subpart.

(f) Test procedure: Static chamber method – (1) Generate aerosol. Follow the procedures for aerosol generation prescribed in § 53.62(d)(2).

(2) Verify the quality of the test aerosol. Follow the procedures for verification of test aerosol size and quality prescribed in § 53.62(d)(4).

(3) Introduce particles into chamber. Introduce the particles into the static chamber and allow the particle concentration to stabilize.

(4) Install and operate the candidate sampler’s fractionator and its after-filter and at least four total filters. (i) Install the fractionator and an array of four or more equally spaced total filter samplers such that the total filters surround and are in the same plane as the inlet of the fractionator.

(ii) Simultaneously collect particles onto appropriate filters with the total filter samplers and the fractionator for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent.

(5) Calculate the aerosol spatial uniformity in the chamber. (i) Determine the quantity of material collected with each total filter sampler in the array using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration for each total filter sampler as:

Equation 25

where:

i = replicate number;

j = total filter sampler number;

Mtotal = mass of material collected with the total filter sampler;

Q = total filter sampler volumetric flowrate; and

t = sample time.

(ii) Calculate and record the mean mass concentration as:

Equation 26

where:

n = total number of samplers;

i = replicate number; and

j = filter sampler number.

(iii) (A) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation of the total mass concentration as:

Equation 27

where:

i = replicate number;

j = total filter sampler number; and

n = number of total filter samplers.

(B) If the value of CVtotal exceeds 10 percent, then the particle concentration uniformity is unacceptable, alterations to the static chamber test apparatus must be made, and steps in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(5) of this section must be repeated.

(6) Determine the effectiveness of the candidate sampler. (i) Determine the quantity of material collected on the candidate sampler’s after filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration for the candidate sampler as:

Equation 28

where:

i = replicate number;

Mcand = mass of material collected with the candidate sampler;

Q = candidate sampler volumetric flowrate; and

t = sample time.

(ii) Calculate and record the sampling effectiveness of the candidate sampler as:

Equation 29

where:

i = replicate number.

(iii) Repeat step in paragraph (f)(4) through (f)(6) of this section, as appropriate, to obtain a minimum of three replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness.

(iv) Calculate and record the average sampling effectiveness of the test sampler as:

Equation 30

where:

i= replicate number.

(v)(A) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation for the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements of the test sampler as:

Equation 31

where:

i = replicate number; and

n = number of measurements of effectiveness.

(B) If the value of CVE exceeds 10 percent, then the test run (steps in paragraphs (f)(2) through (f)(6) of this section) is unacceptable and must be repeated.

(7) Repeat steps in paragraphs (f)(1) through (f)(6) of this section for each particle size specified in table F-2 of this subpart.

(g) Test procedure: Divided flow method – (1) Generate calibration aerosol. Follow the procedures for aerosol generation prescribed in § 53.62(d)(2).

(2) Verify the quality of the calibration aerosol. Follow the procedures for verification of calibration aerosol size and quality prescribed in § 53.62(d)(4).

(3) Introduce aerosol. Introduce the calibration aerosol into the static chamber and allow the particle concentration to stabilize.

(4) Validate that transport is equal for the divided flow option. (i) With fluorometry as a detector:

(A) Install a total filter on each leg of the divided flow apparatus.

(B) Collect particles simultaneously through both legs at 16.7 L/min onto an appropriate filter for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent.

(C) Determine the quantity of material collected on each filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration measured in each leg as:

Equation 32

where:

i = replicate number,

M = mass of material collected with the total filter; and

Q = candidate sampler volumetric flowrate.

(D) Repeat steps in paragraphs (g)(4)(i)(A) through (g)(4)(i)(C) of this section until a minimum of three replicate measurements are performed.

(ii) With an aerosol number counting device as a detector:

(A) Remove all flow obstructions from the flow paths of the two legs.

(B) Quantify the aerosol concentration of the primary particles in each leg of the apparatus.

(C) Repeat steps in paragraphs (g)(4)(ii)(A) through (g)(4)(ii)(B) of this section until a minimum of three replicate measurements are performed.

(iii) (A) Calculate the mean concentration and coefficient of variation as:

Equation 33

Equation 34

where:

i = replicate number; and

n = number of replicates.

(B) If the measured mean concentrations through the two legs do not agree within 5 percent, then adjustments may be made in the setup, and this step must be repeated.

(5) Determine effectiveness. Determine the sampling effectiveness of the test sampler with the inlet removed by one of the following procedures:

(i) With fluorometry as a detector:

(A) Prepare the divided flow apparatus for particle collection. Install a total filter into the bypass leg of the divided flow apparatus. Install the particle size fractionator with a total filter placed immediately downstream of it into the other leg.

(B) Collect particles simultaneously through both legs at 16.7 L/min onto appropriate filters for a time period such that the relative error of the measured concentration is less than 5.0 percent.

(C) Determine the quantity of material collected on each filter using a calibrated fluorometer. Calculate and record the mass concentration measured by the total filter and that measured after penetrating through the candidate fractionator as follows:

Equation 35

Equation 36

where:

i = replicate number.

(ii) With a number counting device as a detector:

(A) Install the particle size fractionator into one of the legs of the divided flow apparatus.

(B) Quantify and record the aerosol number concentration of the primary particles passing through the fractionator as Ccand(i).

(C) Divert the flow from the leg containing the candidate fractionator to the bypass leg. Allow sufficient time for the aerosol concentration to stabilize.

(D) Quantify and record the aerosol number concentration of the primary particles passing through the bypass leg as Ctotal(i).

(iii) Calculate and record sampling effectiveness of the candidate sampler as:

Equation 37

where:

i = replicate number.

(6) Repeat step in paragraph (g)(5) of this section, as appropriate, to obtain a minimum of three replicate measurements of sampling effectiveness.

(7) Calculate the mean and coefficient of variation for replicate measurements of effectiveness. (i) Calculate and record the mean sampling effectiveness of the candidate sampler as:

Equation 38

where:

i = replicate number.

(ii)(A) Calculate and record the coefficient of variation for the replicate sampling effectiveness measurements of the candidate sampler as:

Equation 39

where:

i = replicate number; and

n = number of replicates.

(B) If the coefficient of variation is not less than 10 percent, then the test run must be repeated (steps in paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(7) of this section).

(8) Repeat steps in paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(7) of this section for each particle size specified in table F-2 of this subpart.

(h) Calculations – (1) Treatment of multiplets. For all measurements made by fluorometric analysis, data shall be corrected for the presence of multiplets as described in § 53.62(f)(1). Data collected using a real-time device (as described in paragraph (c)(3)(ii)) of this section will not require multiplet correction.

(3) Graphical analysis and numerical integration with ambient distributions. Follow the steps outlined in § 53.62 (e)(3) through (e)(4) to calculate the estimated concentration measurement ratio between the candidate sampler and a reference method sampler.

(i) Test evaluation. The candidate method passes the static fractionator test if the values of Rc and Dp50 for each distribution meets the specifications in table F-1 of this subpart.

[62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997; 63 FR 7714, Feb. 17, 1998]

§ 53.65 Test procedure: Loading test.

(a) Overview. (1) The loading tests are designed to quantify any appreciable changes in a candidate method sampler’s performance as a function of coarse aerosol collection. The candidate sampler is exposed to a mass of coarse aerosol equivalent to sampling a mass concentration of 150 µg/m
3 over the time period that the manufacturer has specified between periodic cleaning. After loading, the candidate sampler is then evaluated by performing the test in § 53.62 (full wind tunnel test), § 53.63 (wind tunnel inlet aspiration test), or § 53.64 (static fractionator test). If the acceptance criteria are met for this evaluation test, then the candidate sampler is approved for multi-day sampling with the periodic maintenance schedule as specified by the candidate method. For example, if the candidate sampler passes the reevaluation tests following loading with an aerosol mass equivalent to sampling a 150 µg/m
3 aerosol continuously for 7 days, then the sampler is approved for 7 day field operation before cleaning is required.

(2) [Reserved]

(b) Technical definition. Effectiveness after loading is the ratio (expressed as a percentage) of the mass concentration of particles of a given size reaching the sampler filter to the mass concentration of particles of the same size approaching the sampler.

(c) Facilities and equipment required – (1) Particle delivery system. The particle delivery system shall consist of a static chamber or a low velocity wind tunnel having a sufficiently large cross-sectional area such that the test sampler, or portion thereof, may be installed in the test section. At a minimum, the system must have a sufficiently large cross section to house the candidate sampler inlet as well as a collocated isokinetic nozzle for measuring total aerosol concentration. The mean velocity in the test section of the static chamber or wind tunnel shall not exceed 2 km/hr.

(2) Aerosol generation equipment. For purposes of these tests, the test aerosol shall be produced from commercially available, bulk Arizona road dust. To provide direct interlaboratory comparability of sampler loading characteristics, the bulk dust is specified as 0-10 µm ATD available from Powder Technology Incorporated (Burnsville, MN). A fluidized bed aerosol generator, Wright dust feeder, or sonic nozzle shall be used to efficiently deagglomerate the bulk test dust and transform it into an aerosol cloud. Other dust generators may be used contingent upon prior approval by the Agency.

(3) Isokinetic sampler. Mean aerosol concentration within the static chamber or wind tunnel shall be established using a single isokinetic sampler containing a preweighed high-efficiency total filter.

(4) Analytic balance. An analytical balance shall be used to determine the weight of the total filter in the isokinetic sampler. The precision and accuracy of this device shall be such that the relative measurement error is less than 5.0 percent for the difference between the initial and final weight of the total filter. The identical analytic balance shall be used to perform both initial and final weighing of the total filter.

(d) Test procedure. (1) Calculate and record the target time weighted concentration of Arizona road dust which is equivalent to exposing the sampler to an environment of 150 µg/m
3 over the time between cleaning specified by the candidate sampler’s operations manual as:

Equation 40

where:

t = the number of hours specified by the candidate method prior to periodic cleaning.

(2) Clean the candidate sampler. (i) Clean and dry the internal surfaces of the candidate sampler.

(ii) Prepare the internal surfaces in strict accordance with the operating manual referred to in section 7.4.18 of 40 CFR part 50, appendix L.

(3) Determine the preweight of the filter that shall be used in the isokinetic sampler. Record this value as InitWt.

(4) Install the candidate sampler’s inlet and the isokinetic sampler within the test chamber or wind tunnel.

(5) Generate a dust cloud. (i) Generate a dust cloud composed of Arizona test dust.

(ii) Introduce the dust cloud into the chamber.

(iii) Allow sufficient time for the particle concentration to become steady within the chamber.

(6) Sample aerosol with a total filter and the candidate sampler. (i) Sample the aerosol for a time sufficient to produce an equivalent TWC equal to that of the target TWC ±15 percent.

(ii) Record the sampling time as t.

(7) Determine the time weighted concentration. (i) Determine the postweight of the isokinetic sampler’s total filter.

(ii) Record this value as FinalWt.

(iii) Calculate and record the TWC as:

Equation 41

where:

Q = the flow rate of the candidate method.

(iv) If the value of TWC deviates from the target TWC ±15 percent, then the loaded mass is unacceptable and the entire test procedure must be repeated.

(8) Determine the candidate sampler’s effectiveness after loading. The candidate sampler’s effectiveness as a function of particle aerodynamic diameter must then be evaluated by performing the test in § 53.62 (full wind tunnel test). A sampler which fits the category of inlet deviation in § 53.60(e)(1) may opt to perform the test in § 53.63 (inlet aspiration test) in lieu of the full wind tunnel test. A sampler which fits the category of fractionator deviation in § 53.60(e)(2) may opt to perform the test in § 53.64 (static fractionator test) in lieu of the full wind tunnel test.

(e) Test results. If the candidate sampler meets the acceptance criteria for the evaluation test performed in paragraph (d)(8) of this section, then the candidate sampler passes this test with the stipulation that the sampling train be cleaned as directed by and as frequently as that specified by the candidate sampler’s operations manual.

§ 53.66 Test procedure: Volatility test.

(a) Overview. This test is designed to ensure that the candidate method’s losses due to volatility when sampling semi-volatile ambient aerosol will be comparable to that of a federal reference method sampler. This is accomplished by challenging the candidate sampler with a polydisperse, semi-volatile liquid aerosol in three distinct phases. During phase A of this test, the aerosol is elevated to a steady-state, test-specified mass concentration and the sample filters are conditioned and preweighed. In phase B, the challenge aerosol is simultaneously sampled by the candidate method sampler and a reference method sampler onto the preweighed filters for a specified time period. In phase C (the blow-off phase), aerosol and aerosol-vapor free air is sampled by the samplers for an additional time period to partially volatilize the aerosol on the filters. The candidate sampler passes the volatility test if the acceptance criteria presented in table F-1 of this subpart are met or exceeded.

(b) Technical definitions. (1) Residual mass (RM) is defined as the weight of the filter after the blow-off phase subtracted from the initial weight of the filter.

(2) Corrected residual mass (CRM) is defined as the residual mass of the filter from the candidate sampler multiplied by the ratio of the reference method flow rate to the candidate method flow rate.

(c) Facilities and equipment required – (1) Environmental chamber. Because the nature of a volatile aerosol is greatly dependent upon environmental conditions, all phases of this test shall be conducted at a temperature of 22.0 ±0.5 °C and a relative humidity of 40 ±3 percent. For this reason, it is strongly advised that all weighing and experimental apparatus be housed in an environmental chamber capable of this level of control.

(2) Aerosol generator. The aerosol generator shall be a pressure nebulizer operated at 20 to 30 psig (140 to 207 kPa) to produce a polydisperse, semi-voltile aerosol with a mass median diameter larger than 1 µm and smaller than 2.5 µm. The nebulized liquid shall be A.C.S. reagent grade glycerol (C3H8O, FW = 92.09, CAS 56-81-5) of 99.5 percent minimum purity. For the purpose of this test the accepted mass median diameter is predicated on the stable aerosol inside the internal chamber and not on the aerosol emerging from the nebulizer nozzle. Aerosol monitoring and its stability are described in (c)(3) and (c)(4) of this section.

(3) Aerosol monitoring equipment. The evaporation and condensation dynamics of a volatile aerosol is greatly dependent upon the vapor pressure of the volatile component in the carrier gas. The size of an aerosol becomes fixed only when an equilibrium is established between the aerosol and the surrounding vapor; therefore, aerosol size measurement shall be used as a surrogate measure of this equilibrium. A suitable instrument with a range of 0.3 to 10 µm, an accuracy of 0.5 µm, and a resolution of 0.2 µm (e.g., an optical particle sizer, or a time-of-flight instrument) shall be used for this purpose. The parameter monitored for stability shall be the mass median instrument measured diameter (i.e. optical diameter if an optical particle counter is used). A stable aerosol shall be defined as an aerosol with a mass median diameter that has changed less than 0.25 µm over a 4 hour time period.

(4) Internal chamber. The time required to achieve a stable aerosol depends upon the time during which the aerosol is resident with the surrounding air. This is a function of the internal volume of the aerosol transport system and may be facilitated by recirculating the challenge aerosol. A chamber with a volume of 0.5 m
3 and a recirculating loop (airflow of approximately 500 cfm) is recommended for this purpose. In addition, a baffle is recommended to dissipate the jet of air that the recirculating loop can create. Furthermore, a HEPA filtered hole in the wall of the chamber is suggested to allow makeup air to enter the chamber or excess air to exit the chamber to maintain a system flow balance. The concentration inside the chamber shall be maintained at 1 mg/m
3 ±20 percent to obtain consistent and significant filter loading.

(5) Aerosol sampling manifold. A manifold shall be used to extract the aerosol from the area in which it is equilibrated and transport it to the candidate method sampler, the reference method sampler, and the aerosol monitor. The losses in each leg of the manifold shall be equivalent such that the three devices will be exposed to an identical aerosol.

(6) Chamber air temperature recorders. Minimum range 15-25 °C, certified accuracy to within 0.2 °C, resolution of 0.1 °C. Measurement shall be made at the intake to the sampling manifold and adjacent to the weighing location.

(7) Chamber air relative humidity recorders. Minimum range 30 – 50 percent, certified accuracy to within 1 percent, resolution of 0.5 percent. Measurement shall be made at the intake to the sampling manifold and adjacent to the weighing location.

(8) Clean air generation system. A source of aerosol and aerosol-vapor free air is required for phase C of this test. This clean air shall be produced by filtering air through an absolute (HEPA) filter.

(9) Balance. Minimum range 0 – 200 mg, certified accuracy to within 10 µg, resolution of 1 µg.

(d) Additional filter handling conditions – (1) Filter handling. Careful handling of the filter during sampling, conditioning, and weighing is necessary to avoid errors due to damaged filters or loss of collected particles from the filters. All filters must be weighed immediately after phase A dynamic conditioning and phase C.

(2) Dynamic conditioning of filters. Total dynamic conditioning is required prior to the initial weight determined in phase A. Dynamic conditioning refers to pulling clean air from the clean air generation system through the filters. Total dynamic conditioning can be established by sequential filter weighing every 30 minutes following repetitive dynamic conditioning. The filters are considered sufficiently conditioned if the sequential weights are repeatable to ±3 µg.

(3) Static charge. The following procedure is suggested for minimizing charge effects. Place six or more Polonium static control devices (PSCD) inside the microbalance weighing chamber, (MWC). Two of them must be placed horizontally on the floor of the MWC and the remainder placed vertically on the back wall of the MWC. Taping two PSCD’s together or using double-sided tape will help to keep them from falling. Place the filter that is to be weighed on the horizontal PSCDs facing aerosol coated surface up. Close the MWC and wait 1 minute. Open the MWC and place the filter on the balance dish. Wait 1 minute. If the charges have been neutralized the weight will stabilize within 30-60 seconds. Repeat the procedure of neutralizing charges and weighing as prescribed above several times (typically 2-4 times) until consecutive weights will differ by no more than 3 micrograms. Record the last measured weight and use this value for all subsequent calculations.

(e) Test procedure – (1) Phase A – Preliminary steps. (i) Generate a polydisperse glycerol test aerosol.

(ii) Introduce the aerosol into the transport system.

(iii) Monitor the aerosol size and concentration until stability and level have been achieved.

(iv) Condition the candidate method sampler and reference method sampler filters until total dynamic conditioning is achieved as specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section.

(v) Record the dynamically conditioned weight as InitWtc and InitWtr where c is the candidate method sampler and r is the reference method sampler.

(2) Phase B – Aerosol loading. (i) Install the dynamically conditioned filters into the appropriate samplers.

(ii) Attach the samplers to the manifold.

(iii) Operate the candidate and the reference samplers such that they simultaneously sample the test aerosol for 2 hours for a candidate sampler operating at 16.7 L/min or higher, or proportionately longer for a candidate sampler operating at a lower flow rate.

(3) Phase C – Blow-off. (i) Alter the intake of the samplers to sample air from the clean air generation system.

(ii) Sample clean air for one of the required blow-off time durations (1, 2, 3, and 4 hours).

(iii) Remove the filters from the samplers.

(iv) Weigh the filters immediately and record this weight, FinalWtc and FinalWtr, where c is the candidate method sampler and r is the reference method sampler.

(v) Calculate the residual mass for the reference method sampler:

Equation 41a

where:

i = repetition number; and

j = blow-off time period.

(vi) Calculate the corrected residual mass for the candidate method sampler as:

Equation 41b

where:

i = repetition number;

j = blow-off time period;

Qc = candidate method sampler flow rate, and

Qr = reference method sampler flow rate.

(4) Repeat steps in paragraph (e)(1) through (e)(3) of this section until three repetitions have been completed for each of the required blow-off time durations (1, 2, 3, and 4 hours).

(f) Calculations and analysis. (1) Perform a linear regression with the candidate method CRM as the dependent variable and the reference method RM as the independent variable.

(2) Determine the following regression parameters: slope, intercept, and correlation coefficient (r).

(g) Test results. The candidate method passes the volatility test if the regression parameters meet the acceptance criteria specified in table F-1 of this subpart.

[62 FR 38814, July 18, 1997, as amended at 71 FR 61295, Oct. 17, 2006]

Table F-1 to Subpart F of Part 53 – Performance Specifications for PM 2.5 Class II Equivalent Samplers

Performance test	Specifications	Acceptance criteria
§ 53.62 Full Wind Tunnel Evaluation	Solid VOAG produced aerosol at 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr	Dp50 = 2.5 µm ±0.2 µm Numerical Analysis Results: 95% ≤Rc ≤105%.
§ 53.63 Wind Tunnel Inlet Aspiration Test	Liquid VOAG produced aerosol at 2 km/hr and 24 km/hr	Relative Aspiration: 95% ≤A ≤105%.
§ 53.64 Static Fractionator Test	Evaluation of the fractionator under static conditions	Dp50 = 2.5 µm ±0.2 µm Numerical Analysis Results: 95% ≤Rc ≤105%.
§ 53.65 Loading Test	Loading of the clean candidate under laboratory conditions	Acceptance criteria as specified in the post-loading evaluation test (§ 53.62, § 53.63, or § 53.64).
§ 53.66 Volatility Test	Polydisperse liquid aerosol produced by air nebulization of A.C.S. reagent grade glycerol, 99.5% minimum purity	Regression Parameters Slope = 1 ±0.1, Intercept = 0 ±0.15 mg, r ≥0.97.

[72 FR 32209, June 12, 2007]

Table F-2 to Subpart F of Part 53 – Particle Sizes and Wind Speeds for Full Wind Tunnel Test, Wind Tunnel Inlet Aspiration Test, and Static Chamber Test

Primary Partical Mean Size ^a (µm)	Full Wind Tunnel Test		Inlet Aspiration Test		Static Fractionator Test	Volatility Test
Primary Partical Mean Size ^a (µm)	2 km/hr	24 km/hr	2 km/hr	24 km/hr	Static Fractionator Test	Volatility Test
1.5±0.25	S	S			S
2.0±0.25	S	S			S
2.2±0.25	S	S			S
2.5±0.25	S	S			S
2.8±0.25	S	S			S
3.0±0.25			L	L
3.5±0.25	S	S			S
4.0±0.5	S	S			S
Polydisperse Glycerol Aerosol				L

^a Aerodynamic diameter.

S = Solid particles.

L = Liquid particles.

Table F-3 to Subpart F of Part 53 – Critical Parameters of Idealized Ambient Particle Size Distributions

Idealized Distribution	Fine Particle Mode			Coarse Particle Mode			PM 2.5/PM 10 Ratio	FRM Sampler Expected Mass Conc. (µg/m ³)
Idealized Distribution	MMD (µm)	Geo. Std. Dev.	Conc. (µg/m ³)	MMD (µm)	Geo. Std. Dev.	Conc. (µg/m ³)	PM 2.5/PM 10 Ratio	FRM Sampler Expected Mass Conc. (µg/m ³)
Coarse	0.50	2	12.0	10	2	88.0	0.27	13.814
“Typical”	0.50	2	33.3	10	2	66.7	0.55	34.284
Fine	0.85	2	85.0	15	2	15.0	0.94	78.539

Table F-4 to Subpart F of Part 53 – Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement of PM 2.5 for Idealized Coarse Aerosol Size Distribution

Particle Aerodynamic Diameter (µm)	Test Sampler			Ideal Sampler
Particle Aerodynamic Diameter (µm)	Fractional Sampling Effectiveness	Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m ³)	Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m ³)	Fractional Sampling Effectiveness	Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m ³)	Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m ³)
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
	1.000	6.001		1.000	6.001	6.001
0.625		2.129		0.999	2.129	2.127
0.750		0.982		0.998	0.982	0.980
0.875		0.730		0.997	0.730	0.728
1.000		0.551		0.995	0.551	0.548
1.125		0.428		0.991	0.428	0.424
1.250		0.346		0.987	0.346	0.342
1.375		0.294		0.980	0.294	0.288
1.500		0.264		0.969	0.264	0.256
1.675		0.251		0.954	0.251	0.239
1.750		0.250		0.932	0.250	0.233
1.875		0.258		0.899	0.258	0.232
2.000		0.272		0.854	0.272	0.232
2.125		0.292		0.791	0.292	0.231
2.250		0.314		0.707	0.314	0.222
2.375		0.339		0.602	0.339	0.204
2.500		0.366		0.480	0.366	0.176
2.625		0.394		0.351	0.394	0.138
2.750		0.422		0.230	0.422	0.097
2.875		0.449		0.133	0.449	0.060
3.000		0.477		0.067	0.477	0.032
3.125		0.504		0.030	0.504	0.015
3.250		0.530		0.012	0.530	0.006
3.375		0.555		0.004	0.555	0.002
3.500		0.579		0.001	0.579	0.001
3.625		0.602		0.000000	0.602	0.000000
3.750		0.624		0.000000	0.624	0.000000
3.875		0.644		0.000000	0.644	0.000000
4.000		0.663		0.000000	0.663	0.000000
4.125		0.681		0.000000	0.681	0.000000
4.250		0.697		0.000000	0.697	0.000000
4.375		0.712		0.000000	0.712	0.000000
4.500		0.726		0.000000	0.726	0.000000
4.625		0.738		0.000000	0.738	0.000000
4.750		0.750		0.000000	0.750	0.000000
4.875		0.760		0.000000	0.760	0.000000
5.000		0.769		0.000000	0.769	0.000000
5.125		0.777		0.000000	0.777	0.000000
5.250		0.783		0.000000	0.783	0.000000
5.375		0.789		0.000000	0.789	0.000000
5.500		0.794		0.000000	0.794	0.000000
5.625		0.798		0.000000	0.798	0.000000
5.75		0.801		0.000000	0.801	0.000000
		Csam(exp)=			Cideal(exp)=	13.814

Table F-5 to Subpart F of Part 53 – Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement of PM 2.5 for Idealized “Typical” Coarse Aerosol Size Distribution

Particle Aerodynamic Diameter (µm)	Test Sampler			Ideal Sampler
Particle Aerodynamic Diameter (µm)	Fractional Sampling Effectiveness	Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m ³)	Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m ³)	Fractional Sampling Effectiveness	Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m ³)	Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m ³)
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
	1.000	16.651		1.000	16.651	16.651
0.625		5.899		0.999	5.899	5.893
0.750		2.708		0.998	2.708	2.703
0.875		1.996		0.997	1.996	1.990
1.000		1.478		0.995	1.478	1.471
1.125		1.108		0.991	1.108	1.098
1.250		0.846		0.987	0.846	0.835
1.375		0.661		0.980	0.661	0.648
1.500		0.532		0.969	0.532	0.516
1.675		0.444		0.954	0.444	0.424
1.750		0.384		0.932	0.384	0.358
1.875		0.347		0.899	0.347	0.312
2.000		0.325		0.854	0.325	0.277
2.125		0.314		0.791	0.314	0.248
2.250		0.312		0.707	0.312	0.221
2.375		0.316		0.602	0.316	0.190
2.500		0.325		0.480	0.325	0.156
2.625		0.336		0.351	0.336	0.118
2.750		0.350		0.230	0.350	0.081
2.875		0.366		0.133	0.366	0.049
3.000		0.382		0.067	0.382	0.026
3.125		0.399		0.030	0.399	0.012
3.250		0.416		0.012	0.416	0.005
3.375		0.432		0.004	0.432	0.002
3.500		0.449		0.001	0.449	0.000000
3.625		0.464		0.000000	0.464	0.000000
3.750		0.480		0.000000	0.480	0.000000
3.875		0.494		0.000000	0.494	0.000000
4.000		0.507		0.000000	0.507	0.000000
4.125		0.520		0.000000	0.520	0.000000
4.250				0.000000	0.532	0.000000
4.375				0.000000	0.543	0.000000
4.500				0.000000	0.553	0.000000
4.625				0.000000	0.562	0.000000
4.750				0.000000	0.570	0.000000
4.875				0.000000	0.577	0.000000
5.000				0.000000	0.584	0.000000
5.125				0.000000	0.590	0.000000
5.250				0.000000	0.595	0.000000
5.375				0.000000	0.599	0.000000
5.500				0.000000	0.603	0.000000
5.625				0.000000	0.605	0.000000
5.75				0.000000	0.608	0.000000
		Csam(exp)=			Cideal(exp)=	34.284

Table F-6 to Subpart F of Part 53 – Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement of PM 2.5 for Idealized Fine Aerosol Size Distribution

Particle Aerodynamic Diameter (µm)	Test Sampler			Ideal Sampler
Particle Aerodynamic Diameter (µm)	Fractional Sampling Effectiveness	Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m ³)	Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m ³)	Fractional Sampling Effectiveness	Interval Mass Concentration (µg/m ³)	Estimated Mass Concentration Measurement (µg/m ³)
(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)
	1.000	18.868		1.000	18.868	18.868
0.625		13.412		0.999	13.412	13.399
0.750		8.014		0.998	8.014	7.998
0.875		6.984		0.997	6.984	6.963
1.000		5.954		0.995	5.954	5.924
1.125		5.015		0.991	5.015	4.970
1.250		4.197		0.987	4.197	4.142
1.375		3.503		0.980	3.503	3.433
1.500		2.921		0.969	2.921	2.830
1.675		2.438		0.954	2.438	2.326
1.750		2.039		0.932	2.039	1.900
1.875		1.709		0.899	1.709	1.536
2.000		1.437		0.854	1.437	1.227
2.125		1.212		0.791	1.212	0.959
2.250		1.026		0.707	1.026	0.725
2.375		0.873		0.602	0.873	0.526
2.500		0.745		0.480	0.745	0.358
2.625		0.638		0.351	0.638	0.224
2.750		0.550		0.230	0.550	0.127
2.875		0.476		0.133	0.476	0.063
3.000		0.414		0.067	0.414	0.028
3.125		0.362		0.030	0.362	0.011
3.250		0.319		0.012	0.319	0.004
3.375		0.282		0.004	0.282	0.001
3.500		0.252		0.001	0.252	0.000000
3.625		0.226		0.000000	0.226	0.000000
3.750		0.204		0.000000	0.204	0.000000
3.875		0.185		0.000000	0.185	0.000000
4.000		0.170		0.000000	0.170	0.000000
4.125		0.157		0.000000	0.157	0.000000
4.250		0.146		0.000000	0.146	0.000000
4.375		0.136		0.000000	0.136	0.000000
4.500		0.129		0.000000	0.129	0.000000
4.625		0.122		0.000000	0.122	0.000000
4.750		0.117		0.000000	0.117	0.000000
4.875		0.112		0.000000	0.112	0.000000
5.000		0.108		0.000000	0.108	0.000000
5.125		0.105		0.000000	0.105	0.000000
5.250		0.102		0.000000	0.102	0.000000
5.375		0.100		0.000000	0.100	0.000000
5.500		0.098		0.000000	0.098	0.000000
5.625		0.097		0.000000	0.097	0.000000
5.75		0.096		0.000000	0.096	0.000000
		Csam(exp)=			Cideal(exp)=	78.539

Figure F-1 to Subpart F of Part 53 – Designation Testing Checklist

DESIGNATION TESTING CHECKLIST FOR CLASS II

__________ __________ __________

Auditee Auditor signature Date

Compliance Status: Y = Yes N = No NA = Not applicable/Not available
Verification			Verified by Direct Observation of Process or of Documented Evidence: Performance, Design or Application Spec. Corresponding to Sections of 40 CFR Part 53, Subparts E and F
Y	N	NA
			Subpart E: Performance Specification Tests
			Evaluation completed according to Subpart E § 53.50 to § 53.56
			Subpart E: Class I Sequential Tests
			Class II samplers that are also Class I (sequentialized) have passed the tests in § 53.57
			Subpart F: Performance Spec/Test
			Evaluation of Physical Characteristics of Clean Sampler – One of these tests must be performed: § 53.62 – Full Wind Tunnel § 53.63 – Inlet Aspiration § 53.64 – Static Fractionator
			Evaluation of Physical Characteristics of Loaded Sampler § 53.65 Loading Test One of the following tests must be performed for evaluation after loading: § 53.62, § 53.63, § 53.64
			Evaluation of the Volatile Characteristics of the Class II Sampler § 53.66

Appendix A to Subpart F of Part 53 – References

(1) Marple, V.A., K.L. Rubow, W. Turner, and J.D. Spangler, Low Flow Rate Sharp Cut Impactors for Indoor Air Sampling: Design and Calibration., JAPCA, 37: 1303-1307 (1987).

(2) Vanderpool, R.W. and K.L. Rubow, Generation of Large, Solid Calibration Aerosols, J. of Aer. Sci. and Tech., 9:65-69 (1988).

(3) Society of Automotive Engineers Aerospace Material Specification (SAE AMS) 2404C, Electroless Nickel Planting, SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale PA-15096, Revised 7-1-84, pp. 1-6.

PART 54 – PRIOR NOTICE OF CITIZEN SUITS

Authority:Sec. 304 of the Clean Air Act, as amended (sec. 12, Pub. L. 91-604, 84 Stat. 1706).

Source:36 FR 23386, Dec. 9, 1971, unless otherwise noted.

§ 54.1 Purpose.

Section 304 of the Clean Air Act, as amended, authorizes the commencement of civil actions to enforce the Act or to enforce certain requirements promulgated pursuant to the Act. The purpose of this part is to prescribe procedures governing the giving of notices required by subsection 304(b) of the Act (sec. 12, Pub. L. 91-604; 84 Stat. 1706) as a prerequisite to the commencement of such actions.

§ 54.2 Service of notice.

(a) Notice to Administrator: Service of notice given to the Administrator under this part shall be accomplished by certified mail addressed to the Administrator, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Where notice relates to violation of an emission standard or limitation or to violation of an order issued with respect to an emission standard or limitation, a copy of such notice shall be mailed to the Regional Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency for the Region in which such violation is alleged to have occurred.

(b) Notice to State: Service of notice given to a State under this part regarding violation of an emission standard or limitation, or an order issued with respect to an emission standard or limitation shall be accomplished by certified mail addressed to an authorized representative of the State agency charged with responsibility for air pollution control in the State. A copy of such notice shall be mailed to the Governor of the State.

(c) Notice to alleged violator: Service of notice given to an alleged violator under this part shall be accomplished by certified mail addressed to, or by personal service upon, the owner or managing agent of the building, plant, installation, or facility alleged to be in violation of an emission standard or limitation, or an order issued with respect to an emission standard or limitation. Where the alleged violator is a corporation, a copy of such notice shall be sent by certified mail to the registered agent, if any, of such corporation in the State in which such violation is alleged to have occurred.

(d) Notice served in accordance with the provisions of this part shall be deemed given on the postmark date, if served by mail, or on the date of receipt, if personally served.

§ 54.3 Contents of notice.

(a) Failure to act. Notice regarding a failure of the Administrator to perform an act or duty which is not discretionary shall identify the provisions of the Act which requires such act or creates such duty, shall describe with reasonable specificity the action taken or not taken by the Administrator which is claimed to constitute a failure to perform such act or duty, and shall state the full name and address of the person giving the notice.

(b) Violation of standard, limitation or order. Notices to the Administrator, States, and alleged violators regarding violation of an emission standard or limitation or an order issued with respect to an emission standard or limitation, shall include sufficient information to permit the recipient to identify the specific standard, limitation, or order which has allegedly been violated, the activity alleged to be in violation, the person or persons responsible for the alleged violation, the location of the alleged violation, the date or dates of such violation, and the full name and address of the person giving the notice.

PART 55 – OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF AIR REGULATIONS

Authority:Section 328 of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401, et seq.) as amended by Public Law 101-549.

Source:57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992, unless otherwise noted.

§ 55.1 Statutory authority and scope.

Section 328(a)(1) of the Clean Air Act (“the Act”), requires the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) to establish requirements to control air pollution from outer continental shelf (“OCS”) sources in order to attain and maintain Federal and State ambient air quality standards and to comply with the provisions of part C of title I of the Act. This part establishes the air pollution control requirements for OCS sources and the procedures for implementation and enforcement of the requirements, consistent with these stated objectives of section 328(a)(1) of the Act. In implementing, enforcing and revising this rule and in delegating authority hereunder, the Administrator will ensure that there is a rational relationship to the attainment and maintenance of Federal and State ambient air quality standards and the requirements of part C of title I, and that the rule is not used for the purpose of preventing exploration and development of the OCS.

§ 55.2 Definitions.

Administrator means the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

Corresponding Onshore Area (COA) means, with respect to any existing or proposed OCS source located within 25 miles of a State’s seaward boundary, the onshore area that is geographically closest to the source or another onshore area that the Administrator designates as the COA, pursuant to § 55.5 of this part.

Delegated agency means any agency that has been delegated authority to implement and enforce requirements of this part by the Administrator, pursuant to § 55.11 of this part. It can refer to a State agency, a local agency, or an Indian tribe, depending on the delegation status of the program.

Existing source or existing OCS source shall have the meaning given in the applicable requirements incorporated into §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part, except that for two years following the date of promulgation of this part the definition given in § 55.3 of this part shall apply for the purpose of determining the required date of compliance with this part.

Exploratory source or exploratory OCS source means any OCS source that is a temporary operation conducted for the sole purpose of gathering information. This includes an operation conducted during the exploratory phase to determine the characteristics of the reservoir and formation and may involve the extraction of oil and gas.

Modification shall have the meaning given in the applicable requirements incorporated into §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part, except that for two years following the date of promulgation of this part the definition given in section 111(a) of the Act shall apply for the purpose of determining the required date of compliance with this part, as set forth in § 55.3 of this part.

Nearest Onshore Area (NOA) means, with respect to any existing or proposed OCS source, the onshore area that is geographically closest to that source.

New source or new OCS source shall have the meaning given in the applicable requirements of §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part, except that for two years following the date of promulgation of this part, the definition given in § 55.3 of this part shall apply for the purpose of determining the required date of compliance with this part.

OCS source means any equipment, activity, or facility which:

(1) Emits or has the potential to emit any air pollutant;

(2) Is regulated or authorized under the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act (“OCSLA”) (43 U.S.C. § 1331 et seq.); and

(3) Is located on the OCS or in or on waters above the OCS.

This definition shall include vessels only when they are:

(1) Permanently or temporarily attached to the seabed and erected thereon and used for the purpose of exploring, developing or producing resources therefrom, within the meaning of section 4(a)(1) of OCSLA (43 U.S.C. § 1331 et seq.); or

(2) Physically attached to an OCS facility, in which case only the stationary sources aspects of the vessels will be regulated.

Onshore area means a coastal area designated as an attainment, nonattainment, or unclassifiable area by EPA in accordance with section 107 of the Act. If the boundaries of an area designated pursuant to section 107 of the Act do not coincide with the boundaries of a single onshore air pollution control agency, then onshore area shall mean a coastal area defined by the jurisdictional boundaries of an air pollution control agency.

Outer continental shelf shall have the meaning provided by section 2 of the OCSLA (43 U.S.C. § 1331 et seq.).

Potential emissions means the maximum emissions of a pollutant from an OCS source operating at its design capacity. Any physical or operational limitation on the capacity of a source to emit a pollutant, including air pollution control equipment and restrictions on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored, or processed, shall be treated as a limit on the design capacity of the source if the limitation is federally enforceable. Pursuant to section 328 of the Act, emissions from vessels servicing or associated with an OCS source shall be considered direct emissions from such a source while at the source, and while enroute to or from the source when within 25 miles of the source, and shall be included in the “potential to emit” for an OCS source. This definition does not alter or affect the use of this term for any other purposes under § 55.13 or § 55.14 of this part, except that vessel emissions must be included in the “potential to emit” as used in §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part.

Residual emissions means the difference in emissions from an OCS source if it applies the control requirements(s) imposed pursuant to § 55.13 or § 55,14 of this part and emissions from that source if it applies a substitute control requirement pursuant to an exemption granted under § 55.7 of this part.

State means the State air pollution control agency that would be the permitting authority, a local air pollution permitting agency, or certain Indian tribes which can be the permitting authority for areas within their jurisdiction. State may also be used in the geographic sense to refer to a State, the NOA, or the COA.

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992, as amended at 62 FR 46408, Sept. 2, 1997]

§ 55.3 Applicability.

(a) This part applies to all OCS sources except those located in the Gulf of Mexico west of 87.5 degrees longitude.

(b) OCS sources located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries shall be subject to all the requirements of this part, which include, but are not limited to, the Federal requirements as set forth in § 55.13 of this part and the Federal, State, and local requirements of the COA (designated pursuant to § 55.5 of this part), as set forth in § 55.14 of this part.

(c) The OCS sources located beyond 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries shall be subject to all the requirements of this part, except the requirements of §§ 55.4, 55.5, 55.12 and 55.14 of this part.

(d) New OCS sources shall comply with the requirements of this part by September 4, 1992 where a “new OCS source” means an OCS source that is a new source within the meaning of section 111(a) of the Act.

(e) Existing sources shall comply with the requirements of this part by September 4, 1994, where an “existing OCS source” means any source that is not a new source within the meaning of section 111(a) of the Act.

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992, as amended at 62 FR 46408, Sept. 2, 1997]

§ 55.4 Requirements to submit a notice of intent.

(a) Prior to performing any physical change or change in method of operation that results in an increase in emissions, and not more than 18 months prior to submitting an application for a preconstruction permit, the applicant shall submit a Notice of Intent (“NOI”) to the Administrator through the EPA Regional Office, and at the same time shall submit copies of the NOI to the air pollution control agencies of the NOA and onshore areas adjacent to the NOA. This section applies only to sources located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries.

(b) The NOI shall include the following:

(1) General company information, including company name and address, owner’s name and agent, and facility site contact.

(2) Facility description in terms of the proposed process and products, including identification by Standard Industrial Classification Code.

(3) Estimate of the proposed project’s potential emissions of any air pollutant, expressed in total tons per year and in such other terms as may be necessary to determine the applicability of requirements of this part. Potential emissions for the project must include all vessel emissions associated with the proposed project in accordance with the definition of potential emissions in § 55.2 of this part.

(4) Description of all emissions points including associated vessels.

(5) Estimate of quantity and type of fuels and raw materials to be used.

(6) Description of proposed air pollution control equipment.

(7) Proposed limitations on source operations or any work practice standards affecting emissions.

(8) Other information affecting emissions, including, where applicable, information related to stack parameters (including height, diameter, and plume temperature), flow rates, and equipment and facility dimensions.

(9) Such other information as may be necessary to determine the applicability of onshore requirements.

(10) Such other information as may be necessary to determine the source’s impact in onshore areas.

(c) Exploratory sources and modifications to existing sources with designated COAs shall be exempt from the requirement in paragraph (b)(10) of this section.

(d) The scope and contents of the NOI shall in no way limit the scope and contents of the required permit application or applicable requirements given in this part.

§ 55.5 Corresponding onshore area designation.

(a) Proposed exploratory sources. The NOA shall be the COA for exploratory sources located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries. Paragraphs (b), (c), and (f) of this section are not applicable to these sources.

(b) Requests for designation. (1) The chief executive officer of the air pollution control agency of an area that believes it has more stringent air pollution control requirements than the NOA for a proposed OCS source, may submit a request to be designated as the COA to the Administrator and at the same time shall send copies of the request to the chief executive officer of the NOA and to the proposed source. The request must be received by the Administrator within 60 days of the receipt of the NOI. If no requests are received by the Administrator within 60 days of the receipt of the NOI, the NOA will become the designated COA without further action.

(2) No later than 90 days after the receipt of the NOI, a demonstration must be received by the Administrator showing that:

(i) The area has more stringent requirements with respect to the control and abatement of air pollution than the NOA;

(ii) The emissions from the source are or would be transported to the requesting area; and

(iii) The transported emissions would affect the requesting area’s efforts to attain or maintain a Federal or State ambient air quality standard or to comply with the requirements of part C of title I of the Act, taking into account the effect of air pollution control requirements that would be imposed if the NOA were designated as the COA.

(c) Determination by the Administrator. (1) If no demonstrations are received by the Administrator within 90 days of the receipt of the NOI, the NOA will become the designated COA without further action.

(2) If one or more demonstrations are received, the Administrator will issue a preliminary designation of the COA within 150 days of the receipt of the NOI, which shall be followed by a 30 day public comment period, in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section.

(3) The Administrator will designate the COA for a specific source within 240 days of the receipt of the NOI.

(4) When the Administrator designates a more stringent area as the COA with respect to a specific OCS source, the delegated agency in the COA will exercise all delegated authority. If there is no delegated agency in the COA, then EPA will issue the permit and implement and enforce the requirements of this part. The Administrator may retain authority for implementing and enforcing the requirements of this part if the NOA and the COA are in different States.

(5) The Administrator shall designate the COA for each source only once in the source’s lifetime.

(d) Offset requirements. Offsets shall be obtained based on the applicable requirements of the COA, as set forth in §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part.

(e) Authority to designate the COA. The authority to designate the COA for any OCS source shall not be delegated to a State or local agency, but shall be retained by the Administrator.

(f) Administrative procedures and public participation. The Administrator will use the following public notice and comment procedures for processing a request for COA designation under this section:

(1) Within 150 days from receipt of an NOI, if one or more demonstrations are received, the Administrator shall make a preliminary determination of the COA and shall:

(i) Make available, in at least one location in the NOA and in the area requesting COA designation, which may be a public Web site identified by the Administrator, a copy of all materials submitted by the requester, a copy of the Administrator’s preliminary determination, and a copy or summary of other materials, if any, considered by the Administrator in making the preliminary determination; and

(ii) Notify the public, by prominent advertisement in a newspaper of general circulation in the NOA and the area requesting COA designation or on a public Web site identified by the Administrator, of a 30-day opportunity for written public comment on the available information and the Administrator’s preliminary COA designation.

(2) A copy of the notice required pursuant to paragraph (f)(1)(ii) of this section shall be sent to the requester, the affected source, each person from whom a written request of such notice has been received, and the following officials and agencies having jurisdiction over the COA and NOA: State and local air pollution control agencies, the chief executive of the city and county, the Federal Land Manager of potentially affected Class I areas, and any Indian governing body whose lands may be affected by emissions from the OCS source.

(3) Public comments received in writing within 30 days after the date the public notice is made available will be considered by the Administrator in making the final decision on the request. All comments will be made available for public inspection.

(4) The Administrator will make a final COA designation within 60 days after the close of the public comment period. The Administrator will notify, in writing, the requester and each person who has requested notice of the final action and will set forth the reasons for the determination. Such notification will be made available for public inspection.

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992, as amended at 61 FR 25151, May 20, 1996; 81 FR 71630, Oct. 18, 2016]

§ 55.6 Permit requirements.

(a) General provisions – (1) Permit applications. (i) The owner or operator of an OCS source shall submit to the Administrator or delegated agency all information necessary to perform any analysis or make any determination required under this section.

(ii) Any application submitted pursuant to this part by an OCS source shall include a description of all the requirements of this part and a description of how the source will comply with the applicable requirements. For identification purposes only, the application shall include a description of those requirements that have been proposed by EPA for incorporation into this part and that the applicant believes, after diligent research and inquiry, apply to the source.

(2) Exemptions. (i) When an applicant submits any approval to construct or permit to operate application to the Administrator or delegated agency it shall include a request for exemption from compliance with any pollution control technology requirement that the applicant believes is technically infeasible or will cause an unreasonable threat to health and safety. The Administrator or delegated agency shall act on the request for exemption in accordance with the procedures established in § 55.7 of this part.

(ii) A final permit shall not be issued under this part until a final determination is made on any exemption request, including those appealed to the Administrator in accordance with § 55.7 of this part.

(3) Administrative procedures and public participation. The Administrator will follow the applicable procedures of 40 CFR part 71 or 40 CFR part 124 in processing applications under this part. When using 40 CFR part 124, the Administrator will follow the procedures used to issue Prevention of Significant Deterioration (“PSD”) permits.

(4) Source obligation. (i) Any owner or operator who constructs or operates an OCS source not in accordance with the application submitted pursuant to this part 55, or with any approval to construct or permit to operate, or any owner or operator of a source subject to the requirements of this part who commences construction after the effective date of this part without applying for and receiving approval under this part, shall be in violation of this part.

(ii) Any owner or operator of a new OCS source who commenced construction prior to the promulgation date of this rule shall comply with the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section.

(iii) Receipt of an approval to construct or a permit to operate from the Administrator or delegated agency shall not relieve any owner or operator of the responsibility to comply fully with the applicable provisions of any other requirements under Federal law.

(iv) The owner or operator of an OCS source to whom the approval to construct or permit to operate is issued under this part shall notify all other owners and operators, contractors, and the subsequent owners and operators associated with emissions from the source, of the conditions of the permit issued under this part.

(5) Delegation of authority. If the Administrator delegates any of the authority to implement and enforce the requirements of this section, the following provisions shall apply:

(i) The applicant shall send a copy of any permit application required by this section to the Administrator through the EPA Regional Office at the same time as the application is submitted to the delegated agency.

(ii) The delegated agency shall send a copy of any public comment notice required under this section or §§ 55.13 or 55.14 to the Administrator through the EPA Regional Office.

(iii) The delegated agency shall send a copy of any preliminary determination and final permit action required under this section or §§ 55.13 or 55.14 to the Administrator through the EPA Regional Office at the time of the determination and shall make available to the Administrator any materials used in making the determination.

(b) Preconstruction requirements for OCS sources located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries. (1) No OCS source to which the requirements of §§ 55.13 or 55.14 of this part apply shall begin actual construction after the effective date of this part without a permit that requires the OCS source to meet those requirements.

(2) Any permit application required under this part shall not be submitted until the Administrator has determined whether a consistency update is necessary, pursuant to § 55.12 of this part, and, if the Administrator finds an update to be necessary, has published a proposed consistency update.

(3) The applicant may be required to obtain more than one preconstruction permit, if necessitated by partial delegation of this part or by the requirements of this section and §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part.

(4) An approval to construct shall become invalid if construction is not commenced within 18 months after receipt of such approval, if construction is discontinued for a period of 18 months or more, or if construction is not completed within a reasonable time. The 18-month period may be extended upon a showing satisfactory to the Administrator or the delegated agency that an extension is justified. Sources obtaining extensions are subject to all new or interim requirements and a reassessment of the applicable control technology when the extension is granted. This requirement shall not supersede a more stringent requirement under § 55.13 or § 55.14 of this part.

(5) Any preconstruction permit issued to a new OCS source or modification shall remain in effect until it expires under paragraph (b)(4) of this section or is rescinded under the applicable requirements incorporated in §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part.

(6) Whenever any proposed OCS source or modification to an existing OCS source is subject to action by a Federal agency that might necessitate preparation of an environmental impact statement pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4321), review by the Administrator conducted pursuant to this section shall be coordinated with the environmental reviews under that Act to the extent feasible and reasonable.

(7) The Administrator or delegated agency and the applicant shall provide written notice of any permit application from a source, the emissions from which may affect a Class I area, to the Federal Land Manager charged with direct responsibility for management of any lands within the Class I area. Such notification shall include a copy of all information contained in the permit application and shall be given within 30 days of receipt of the application and at least 60 days prior to any public hearing on the preconstruction permit.

(8) Modification of existing sources. The preconstruction requirements above shall not apply to a particular modification, as defined in § 55.13 or § 55.14 of this part, of an existing OCS source if:

(i) The modification is necessary to comply with this part, and no other physical change or change in the method of operation is made in conjunction with the modification;

(ii) The modification is made within 24 months of promulgation of this part; and

(iii) The modification does not result in an increase, in excess of any de minimis levels contained in the applicable requirements of §§ 55.13 and 55.14, of potential emissions or actual hourly emissions of a pollutant regulated under the Act.

(9) Compliance plans. Sources intending to perform modifications that meet all of the criteria of paragraph (b)(8) of this section shall submit a compliance plan to the Administrator or delegated agency prior to performing the modification. The compliance shall describe the schedule and method the source will use to comply with the applicable OCS requirements within 24 months of the promulgation date of this part and shall include a request for any exemptions from compliance with a pollution control technology requirement that the applicant believes is technically infeasible or will cause an unreasonable threat to health and safety. The Administrator or delegated agency shall act on the request for exemption in accordance with the procedures established in § 55.7 of this part.

(i) The Administrator or delegated agency shall review the compliance plan and provide written comments to the source within 45 days of receipt of such plan. The source shall provide a written response to such comments as required by the reviewing agency.

(ii) Receipt and review of a compliance plan by the Administrator or delegated agency shall not relieve any owner or operator of an existing OCS source of the responsibility to comply fully with the applicable requirements of §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part within 24 months of promulgation of this part.

(c) Operating permit requirements for sources located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries. (1) All applicable operating permit requirements listed in this section and incorporated into §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part shall apply to OCS sources.

(2) The Administrator or delegated agency shall not issue a permit to operate to any existing OCS source that has not demonstrated compliance with all the applicable requirements of this part.

(3) If the COA does not have an operating permits program approved pursuant to 40 CFR part 70 or if EPA has determined that the COA is not adequately implementing an approved program, the applicable requirements of 40 CFR part 71, the Federal operating permits program, shall apply to the OCS sources. The applicable requirements of 40 CFR part 71 will be implemented and enforced by the Administrator. The Administrator may delegate the authority to implement and enforce all or part of a Federal operating permits program to a State pursuant to § 55.11 of this part.

(d) Permit requirements for sources located beyond 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries. (1) OCS sources located beyond 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries shall be subject to the permitting requirements set forth in this section and § 55.13 of this part.

(2) The Administrator or delegated agency shall not issue a permit-to-operate to any existing OCS source that has not demonstrated compliance with all the applicable requirements of this part.

(e) Permit requirements for new sources that commenced construction prior to September 4, 1992 – (1) Applicability. § 55.6(e) applies to a new OCS source, as defined by section 328 of the Act, that commenced construction before September 4, 1992.

(2) A source subject to § 55.6(e) shall comply with the following requirements:

(i) By October 5, 1992, the owner or operator of the source shall submit a transitional permit application (“TPA”) to the Administrator or the delegated agency. The TPA shall include the following:

(A) The information specified in §§ 55.4(b)(1) through § 55.4(b)(9) of this part;

(B) A list of all requirements applicable to the source under this part;

(C) A request for exemption from compliance with any control technology requirement that the applicant believes is technically infeasible or will cause an unreasonable threat to health and safety;

(D) An air quality screening analysis demonstrating whether the source has or is expected in the future to cause or contribute to a violation of any applicable State or Federal ambient air quality standard or exceed any applicable increment. If no air quality analysis is required by the applicable requirements of §§ 55.13 and 55.14, this requirement does not apply;

(E) Documentation that source emissions are currently being offset, or will be offset if the source has not commenced operation, at the ratio required under this part, and documentation that those offsets meet or will meet the requirements of this part; and

(F) A description of how the source is complying with the applicable requirements of §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part, including emission levels and corresponding control measures, including Best Available Control Technology (“BACT”) or Lowest Achievable Emission Rates (“LAER”), but excluding the requirements to have valid permits.

(ii) The source shall expeditiously complete its permit application in compliance with the schedule determined by the Administrator or delegated agency.

(iii) The source shall comply with all applicable requirements of this part except for the requirements of paragraph (a)(4)(i) of this section. The source shall comply with the control technology requirements (such as BACT or LAER) set forth in the TPA that would be applicable if the source had a valid permit.

(iv) Any owner or operator subject to this subsection who continues to construct or operate an OCS source thirty days from promulgation of this part without submitting a TPA, or continues to construct or operate an OCS source not in accordance with the TPA submitted pursuant to paragraph (e) of this section, or constructs or operates an OCS source not in accordance with the schedule determined by the permitting authority, shall be in violation of this part.

(3) Upon the submittal of a permit application deemed to be complete by the permitting authority, the owner or operator of the source shall be subject to the permitting requirements of §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part that apply subsequent to the submission of a complete permit application. When a source receives the permit or permits required under this part, its TPA shall expire.

(4) Until the date that a source subject to this subsection receives the permit or permits required under this part, that source shall cease operation if, based on projected or actual emissions, the permitting authority determines that the source is currently or may in the future cause or contribute to a violation of a State or Federal ambient air quality standard or exceed any applicable increment.

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992, as amended at 61 FR 34228, July 1, 1996; 62 FR 46409, Sept. 2, 1997; 81 FR 71630, Oct. 18, 2016]

§ 55.7 Exemptions.

(a) Authority and criteria. The Administrator or the delegated agency may exempt a source from a control technology requirement of this part if the Administrator or the delegated agency finds that compliance with the control technology requirement is technically infeasible or will cause an unreasonable threat to health and safety.

(b) Request for an exemption – (1) Permit application required. An applicant shall submit a request for an exemption from a control technology requirement at the same time as the applicant submits a preconstruction or operating permit application to the Administrator or delegated agency.

(2) No permit application required. If no permit or permit modification is required, a request for an exemption must be received by the Administrator or delegated agency within 60 days from the date the control technology requirement is promulgated by EPA.

(3) Compliance plan. An existing source that submits a compliance plan in accordance with § 55.6(b) of this part shall submit all requests for exemptions at the same time as the compliance plan. For the purpose of applying § 55.7 of this part, a request submitted with a compliance plan shall be treated in the same manner as a request that does not require a permit application.

(4) Content of request. (i) The request shall include information that demonstrates that compliance with a control technology requirement of this part would be technically infeasible or would cause an unreasonable threat to health and safety.

(ii) The request shall include a proposed substitute requirement(s) as close in stringency to the original requirement as possible.

(iii) The request shall include an estimate of emission reductions that would be achieved by compliance with the original requirement, an estimate of emission reductions that would be achieved by compliance with the proposed substitute requirement(s) and an estimate of residual emissions.

(iv) The request shall identify emission reductions of a sufficient quantity to offset the estimated residual emissions. Sources located beyond 25 miles from States’ seaward boundaries shall consult with the Administrator to identify suitable emission reductions.

(c) Consultation requirement. If the authority to grant or deny exemptions has been delegated, the delegated agency shall consult with the Minerals Management Service of the U.S. Department of Interior and the U.S. Coast Guard to determine whether the exemption will be granted or denied.

(1) The delegated agency shall transmit to the Administrator (through the Regional Office), the Minerals Management Service, and the U.S. Coast Guard, a copy of the permit application, or the request if no permit is required, within 5 days of its receipt.

(2) Consensus. If the delegated agency, the Minerals Management Service, and the U.S. Coast Guard reach a consensus decision on the request within 90 days from the date the delegated agency received the request, the delegated agency may issue a preliminary determination in accordance with the applicable requirements of paragraph (f) of this section.

(3) No consensus. If the delegated agency, the Minerals Management Service, and the U.S. Coast Guard do not reach a consensus decision within 90 days from the date the delegated agency received the request, the request shall automatically be referred to the Administrator who will process the referral in accordance with paragraph (f)(3) of this section. The delegated agency shall transmit to the Administrator, within 91 days of its receipt, the request and all materials submitted with the request, such as the permit application or the compliance plan, and any other information considered or developed during the consultation process.

(4) If a request is referred to the Administrator and the delegated agency issues a preliminary determination on a permit application before the Administrator issues a final decision on the exemption, the delegated agency shall include a notice of the opportunity to comment on the Administrator’s preliminary determination in accordance with the procedures of paragraph (f)(4) of this section.

(5) The Administrator’s final decision on a request that has been referred pursuant to paragraph (c) of this section shall be incorporated into the final permit issued by the delegated agency. If no permit is required, the Administrator’s final decision on the request shall be implemented and enforced by the delegated agency.

(d) Preliminary determination. The Administrator or delegated agency shall issue a preliminary determination in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section. A preliminary determination shall propose to grant or deny the request for exemption. A preliminary determination to grant the request shall include proposed substitute control requirements and offsets necessary to comply with the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section.

(e) Grant of exemption. (1) The source shall comply with a substitute requirement(s), equal to or as close in stringency to the original requirement as possible, as determined by the Administrator or delegated agency.

(2) An OCS source located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries shall offset residual emissions resulting from the grant of an exemption request in accordance with the requirements of the Act and the regulations thereunder. The source shall obtain offsets in accordance with the applicable requirements as follows:

(i) If offsets are required in the COA, a new source shall offset residual emissions in the same manner as all other new source emissions in accordance with the requirements of § 55.5(d) of this part.

(ii) If offsets are not required in the COA, a new source shall comply with an offset ratio of 1:1.

(iii) An existing OCS source shall comply with an offset at a ratio of 1:1.

(3) An OCS source located beyond 25 miles from States’ seaward boundaries shall obtain emission reductions at a ratio determined by the Administrator to be adequate to protect State and Federal ambient air quality standards and to comply with part C of title I of the Act.

(f) Administrative procedures and public participation – (1) Request submitted with a permit application. If a request is submitted with a permit application, the request shall be considered part of the permit application and shall be processed accordingly for the purpose of administrative procedures and public notice and comment requirements. The Administrator shall comply with the requirements of 40 CFR part 124 and the requirements set forth at § 55.6 of this part. If the Administrator has delegated authority to a State, the delegated agency shall use its own procedures as deemed adequate by the Administrator in accordance with § 55.11 of this part. These procedures must provide for public notice and comment on the preliminary determination.

(2) Request submitted without a permit or with a compliance plan. If a permit is not required, the Administrator or the delegated agency shall issue a preliminary determination within 90 days from the date the request was received, and shall use the procedures set forth at paragraph (f)(4) of this section for processing a request.

(3) Referral. If a request is referred to the Administrator pursuant to paragraph (c) of this section, the Administrator shall make a preliminary determination no later than 30 days after receipt of the request and any accompanying materials transmitted by the delegated agency. The Administrator shall use the procedures set forth at paragraph (f)(4) of this section for processing a request.

(4) The Administrator or the delegated agency shall comply with the following requirements for processing requests submitted without a permit, with a compliance plan, and requests referred to the Administrator:

(i) Issue a preliminary determination to grant or deny the request. A preliminary determination by the Administrator to deny a request shall be considered a final decision and will be accompanied by the reasons for the decision. As such, it is not subject to any further public notice, comment, or hearings. Written notice of the denial shall be given to the requester.

(ii) Make available, in at least one location in the COA and NOA, which may be a public Web site identified by the Administrator or delegated agency, a copy of all materials submitted by the requester, a copy of the preliminary determination, and a copy or summary of other materials, if any, considered in making the preliminary determination.

(iii) Notify the public, by prominent advertisement in a newspaper of general circulation in the COA and NOA or on a public Web site identified by the Administrator or delegated agency, of a 30-day opportunity for written public comment on the information submitted by the owner or operator and on the preliminary determination.

(iv) Send a copy of the notice required pursuant to paragraph (f)(4)(iii) of this section to the requester, the affected source, each person from whom a written request of such notice has been received, and the following officials and agencies having jurisdiction over the COA and NOA: State and local air pollution control agencies, the chief executive of the city and county, the Federal Land Manager of potentially affected Class I areas, and any Indian governing body whose lands may be affected by emissions from the OCS source.

(v) Consider written public comments received within 30 days after the date the public notice is made available when making the final decision on the request. All comments will be made available for public inspection. At the time that any final decision is issued, the Administrator or delegated agency will issue a response to comments.

(vi) Make a final decision on the request within 30 days after the close of the public comment period. The Administrator or the delegated agency will notify, in writing, the applicant and each person who has submitted written comments, or from whom a written request of such notice has been received, of the final decision and will set forth the reasons. Such notification will be made available for public inspection.

(5) Within 30 days after the final decision has been made on a request, the requester, or any person who filed comments on the preliminary determination, may petition the Administrator to review any aspect of the decision. Any person who failed to file comments on the preliminary decision may petition for administrative review only on the changes from the preliminary to the final determination.

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992, as amended at 81 FR 71630, Oct. 18, 2016]

§ 55.8 Monitoring, reporting, inspections, and compliance.

(a) The Administrator may require monitoring or reporting and may authorize inspections pursuant to section 114 of the Act and the regulations thereunder. Sources shall also be subject to the requirements set forth in §§ 55.13 and 55.14 of this part.

(b) All monitoring, reporting, inspection and compliance requirements authorized under the Act shall apply.

(c) An existing OCS source that is not required to obtain a permit to operate within 24 months of the date of promulgation of this part shall submit a compliance report to the Administrator or delegated agency within 25 months of promulgation of this part. The compliance report shall specify all the applicable OCS requirements of this part and a description of how the source has complied with these requirements.

(d) The Administrator or the delegated agency shall consult with the Minerals Management Service and the U.S. Coast Guard prior to inspections. This shall in no way interfere with the ability of EPA or the delegated agency to conduct unannounced inspections.

(Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 2060-0249)

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992, as amended at 58 FR 16626, Mar. 30, 1993]

§ 55.9 Enforcement.

(a) OCS sources shall comply with all requirements of this part and all permits issued pursuant to this part. Failure to do so shall be considered a violation of section 111(e) of the Act.

(b) All enforcement provisions of the Act, including, but not limited to, the provisions of sections 113, 114, 120, 303 and 304 of the Act, shall apply to OCS sources.

(c) If a facility is ordered to cease operation of any piece of equipment due to enforcement action taken by EPA or a delegated agency pursuant to this part, the shutdown will be coordinated by the enforcing agency with the Minerals Management Service and the U.S. Coast Guard to assure that the shutdown will proceed in a safe manner. No shutdown action will occur until after consultation with these agencies, but in no case will initiation of the shutdown be delayed by more than 24 hours.

§ 55.10 Fees.

(a) OCS sources located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries. (1) The EPA will calculate and collect operating permit fees from OCS sources in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR part 71.

(2) EPA will collect all other fees from OCS sources calculated in accordance with the fee requirements imposed in the COA if the fees are based on regulatory objectives, such as discouraging emissions. If the fee requirements are based on cost recovery objectives, however, EPA will adjust the fees to reflect the costs to EPA to issue permits and administer the permit program.

(3) Upon delegation, the delegated agency will collect fees from OCS sources calculated in accordance with the fee requirements imposed in the COA. Upon delegation of authority to implement and enforce any portion of this part, EPA will cease to collect fees imposed in conjunction with that portion.

(b) The OCS sources located beyond 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries. The EPA will calculate and collect operating permit fees from OCS sources in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR part 71.

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992, as amended at 61 FR 34228, July 1, 1996]

§ 55.11 Delegation.

(a) The Governor or the Governor’s designee of any State adjacent to an OCS source subject to the requirements of this part may submit a request, purusant to section 328(a)(3) of the Act, to the Administrator for the authority to implement and enforce the requirements of this OCS program: Within 25 miles of the State’s seaward boundary; and/or Beyond 25 miles of the State’s seaward boundary. Authority to implement and enforce §§ 55.5, 55.11, and 55.12 of this part will not be delegated.

(b) The Administrator will delegate implementation and enforcement authority to a State if the State has an adjacent OCS source and the Administrator determines that the State’s regulations are adequate, including a demonstration by the State that the State has:

(1) Adopted the appropriate portions of this part into State law;

(2) Adequate authority under State law to implement and enforce the requirements of this part. A letter from the State Attorney General shall be required stating that the requesting agency has such authority;

(3) Adequate resources to implement and enforce the requirements of this part; and

(4) Adequate administrative procedures to implement and enforce the requirements of this part, including public notice and comment procedures.

(c) The Administrator will notify in writing the Governor or the Governor’s designee of the Administrator’s final action on a request for delegation within 6 months of the receipt of the request.

(d) If the Administrator finds that the State regulations are adequate, the Administrator will authorize the State to implement and enforce the OCS requirements under State law. If the Administrator finds that only part of the State regulations are adequate, he will authorize the State to implement and enforce only that portion of this part.

(e) Upon delegation, a State may use any authority it possesses under State law to enforce any permit condition or any other requirement of this part for which the agency has delegated authority under this part. A State may use any authority it possesses under State law to require monitoring and reporting and to conduct inspections.

(f) Nothing in this part shall prohibit the Administrator from enforcing any requirement of this part.

(g) The Administrator will withdraw a delegation of any authority to implement and enforce any or all of this part if the Administrator determines that: (1) The requirements of this part are not being adequately implemented or enforced by the delegated agency, or (2) The delegated agency no longer has adequate regulations as required by § 55.11(b) of this part.

(h) Sharing of information. Any information obtained or used in the administration of a delegated program shall be made available to EPA upon request without restriction. If the information has been submitted to the delegated agency under a claim of confidentiality, the delegated agency must notify the source of this obligation and submit that claim to EPA. Any information obtained from a delegated agency accompanied by a claim of confidentiality will be treated in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR part 2.

(i) Grant of exemptions. A decision by a delegated agency to grant or deny an exemption request may be appealed to the Administrator in accordance with § 55.7 of this part.

(j) Delegated authority. The delegated agency in the COA for sources located within 25 miles of the State’s seaward boundary or the delegated agency in the NOA for sources located beyond 25 miles of the State’s seaward boundary will exercise all delegated authority. If there is no delegated agency in the COA for sources located within 25 miles of the State’s seaward boundary, or in the NOA for sources located beyond 25 miles of the State’s seaward boundary, the EPA will issue the permit and implement and enforce the requirements of this part. For sources located within 25 miles of the State’s seaward boundary, the Administrator may retain the authority for implementing and enforcing the requirements of this part if the NOA and COA are in different States.

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992, as amended at 62 FR 46409, Sept. 2, 1997]

§ 55.12 Consistency updates.

(a) The Administrator will update this part as necessary to maintain consistency with the regulations of onshore areas in order to attain and maintain Federal and State ambient standards and comply with part C of title I of the Act.

(b) Where an OCS activity is occurring within 25 miles of a State seaward boundary, consistency reviews will occur at least annually. In addition, in accordance with paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, consistency reviews will occur upon receipt of an NOI and when a State or local agency submits a rule to EPA to be considered for incorporation by reference in this part 55.

(1) Upon initiation of a consistency review, the Administrator will evaluate the requirements of part 55 to determine whether they are consistent with the current onshore requirements.

(2) If the Administrator finds that part 55 is inconsistent with the requirements in effect in the onshore area, EPA will conduct a notice and comment rulemaking to update part 55 accordingly.

(c) Consistency reviews triggered by receipt of an NOI. Upon receipt of an NOI, the Administrator will initiate a consistency review of regulations in the onshore area.

(1) If the NOI is submitted by a source for which the COA has previously been assigned, EPA will publish a proposed consistency update in the Federal Register no later than 60 days after the receipt of the NOI, if an update is deemed necessary by the Administrator:

(2) If the NOI is submitted by a source requiring a COA designation, EPA will publish a proposed consistency update in the Federal Register, if an update is deemed necessary by the Administrator:

(i) No later than 75 days after receipt of the NOI if no adjacent areas submit a request for COA designation and the NOA becomes the COA by default, or

(ii) No later than 105 days after receipt of the NOI if an adjacent area submits a request to be designated as COA but fails to submit the required demonstration within 90 days of receipt of the NOI, or

(iii) No later than 15 days after the date of the final COA determination if one or more demonstrations are received.

(d) Consistency reviews triggered by State and local air pollution control agencies submitting rules directly to EPA for inclusion into part 55. (1) EPA will propose in the Federal Register to approve applicable rules submitted by State or local regulatory agencies for incorporation by reference into § 55.14 of this part by the end of the calendar quarter following the quarter in which the submittal is received by EPA.

(2) State and local rules submitted for inclusion in part 55 must be rationally related to the attainment and maintenance of Federal or State ambient air quality standards or to the requirements of part C of title I of the Act. The submittal must be legible and unmarked, with the adoption date and the name of the agency on each page, and must be accompanied by proof of adoption.

(e) No rule or regulation that EPA finds to be arbitrary or capricious will be incorporated into this part.

(f) A source may not submit a complete permit application until any update the Administrator deems necessary to make part 55 consistent with the COA’s rules has been proposed.

§ 55.13 Federal requirements that apply to OCS sources.

(a) The requirements of this section shall apply to OCS sources as set forth below. In the event that a requirement of this section conflicts with an applicable requirement of § 55.14 of this part and a source cannot comply with the requirements of both sections, the more stringent requirement shall apply.

(b) In applying the requirements incorporated into this section:

(1) New Source means new OCS source; and

(2) Existing Source means existing OCS source; and

(3) Modification means a modification to an OCS source.

(4) For requirements adopted prior to promulgation of this part, language in such requirements limiting the applicability of the requirements to onshore sources or to sources within State boundaries shall not apply.

(c) 40 CFR part 60 (NSPS) shall apply to OCS sources in the same manner as in the COA, except that any source determined to be an existing source pursuant to § 55.3(e) of this part shall not be considered a “new source” for the purpose of NSPS adopted before December 5, 1991.

(d) 40 CFR 52.21 (PSD) shall apply to OCS sources:

(1) Located within 25 miles of a State’s seaward boundary if the requirements of 40 CFR 52.21 are in effect in the COA;

(2) Located beyond 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries.

(e) 40 CFR part 61, together with any other provisions promulgated pursuant to section 112 of the Act, shall apply if rationally related to the attainment and maintenance of Federal or State ambient air quality standards or the requirements of part C of title I of the Act.

(f) 40 CFR part 71 shall apply to OCS sources:

(1) Located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries if the requirements of 40 CFR part 71 are in effect in the COA.

(2) Located beyond 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries.

(3) When an operating permits program approved pursuant to 40 CFR part 70 is in effect in the COA and a Federal operating permit is issued to satisfy an EPA objection pursuant to 40 CFR 71.4(e).

(g) The provisions of 40 CFR 52.10, 40 CFR 52.24, and 40 CFR part 51 and accompanying appendix S shall apply to OCS sources located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries, if these requirements are in effect in the COA.

(h) If the Administrator determines that additional requirements are necessary to protect Federal and State ambient air quality standards or to comply with part C of title I, such requirements will be incorporated in this part.

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992, as amended at 61 FR 34228, July 1, 1996]

§ 55.14 Requirements that apply to OCS sources located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries, by State.

(a) The requirements of this section shall apply to OCS sources as set forth below. In the event that a requirement of this section conflicts with an applicable requirement of § 55.13 of this part and a source cannot comply with the requirements of both sections, the more stringent requirement shall apply.

(b) In applying the requirements incorporated into this section:

(1) New Source means new OCS source; and

(2) Existing Source means existing OCS source; and

(3) Modification means a modification to an existing OCS source.

(1) Any reference to a State or local air pollution control agency or air pollution control officer shall mean EPA or the Administrator, respectively.

(2) Any submittal to State or local air pollution control agency shall instead be submitted to the Administrator through the EPA Regional Office.

(3) Nothing in this section shall alter or limit EPA’s authority to administer or enforce the requirements of this part under Federal law.

(4) EPA shall not be bound by any State or local administrative or procedural requirements including, but not limited to, requirements pertaining to hearing boards, permit issuance, public notice procedures, and public hearings. EPA will follow the applicable procedures set forth elsewhere in this part, in 40 CFR part 124, and in Federal rules promulgated pursuant to title V of the Act (as such rules apply in the COA), when administering this section.

(5) Only those requirements of 40 CFR part 52 that are rationally related to the attainment and maintenance of Federal or State ambient air quality standards or part C of title I shall apply to OCS sources.

(d) Implementation Plan Requirements. (1) [Reserved]

(2) Alaska.

(i) 40 CFR part 52, subpart C.

(ii) [Reserved]

(3) California.

(i) 40 CFR part 52, subpart F.

(ii) [Reserved]

(4) [Reserved]

(5) Delaware.

(i) 40 CFR part 52, subpart I.

(ii) [Reserved]

(6) Florida.

(i) 40 CFR part 52, subpart K.

(ii) [Reserved]

(7)-(9) [Reserved]

(10) Maryland.

(i) 40 CFR part 52, subpart V.

(ii) [Reserved]

(11) Massachusetts.

(i) 40 CFR part 52, subpart W.

(ii) [Reserved]

(12)-(14) [Reserved]

(15) New Jersey

(i) 40 CFR part 52, subpart FF.

(ii) [Reserved]

(16) New York.

(i) 40 CFR part 52, subpart HH.

(ii) [Reserved]

(17) North Carolina.

(i) 40 CFR part 52, subpart II.

(ii) [Reserved]

(18)-(21) [Reserved]

(22) Virginia.

(i) 40 CFR part 52, subpart VV.

(ii) [Reserved]

(23) [Reserved]

(e) State and local requirements. State and local requirements promulgated by EPA as applicable to OCS sources located within 25 miles of States’ seaward boundaries have been compiled into separate documents organized by State and local areas of jurisdiction. These documents, set forth below, are incorporated by reference. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register Office in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552 (a) and 40 CFR part 51. Copies may be inspected at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030 or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. Copies of rules pertaining to particular states or local areas may be inspected or obtained from the EPA Docket Center – Public Reading Room, EPA West Building, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20004 or the appropriate EPA regional offices: U.S. EPA, Region 1 (Massachusetts), One Congress Street, Boston, MA 02114-2023; U.S. EPA, Region 2 (New Jersey and New York), 290 Broadway, New York, NY 10007-1866; U.S. EPA, Region 3 (Delaware), 1650 Arch Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, (215) 814-5000; U.S. EPA, Region 4 (Florida and North Carolina), 61 Forsyth Street, Atlanta, GA 30303; U.S. EPA, Region 9 (California), 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, CA 94105; and U.S. EPA, Region 10 (Alaska), 1200 Sixth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101.

For an informational listing of the State and local requirements incorporated into this part, which are applicable to sources of air pollution located on the OCS, see appendix A to this part.

(1) [Reserved]

(2) Alaska.

(i) State requirements.

(A) State of Alaska Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, September 15, 2018.

(B) [Reserved]

(ii) Local requirements.

(A) – (B) [Reserved]

(3) California.

(i) State requirements.

(A) State of California Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, February 2006.

(ii) Local requirements.

(A)-(D) [Reserved]

(E) San Luis Obispo County Air Pollution Control District Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, February 2000.

(F) Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, April 2019.

(G) South Coast Air Quality Management District Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources (Parts I, II and III), September 2009.

(H) Ventura County Air Pollution Control District Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, parts 1 and 2, April 2017.

(4) [Reserved]

(5) Delaware.

(i) State requirements.

(A) State of Delaware Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, November 11, 2018.

(B) [Reserved]

(ii) Local requirements.

(A) [Reserved]

(6) Florida.

(i) State requirements.

(A) State of Florida Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, January 2, 2008.

(B) [Reserved]

(ii) Local requirements.

(A) [Reserved]

(7)-(9) [Reserved]

(10) Maryland.

(i) State requirements.

(A) State of Maryland Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, December 6, 2018.

(B) [Reserved]

(ii) Local requirements.

(A) [Reserved]

(11) Massachusetts.

(i) State requirements.

(A) Commonwealth of Massachusetts Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, March 5, 2021.

(B) [Reserved]

(ii) Local requirements.

(A) [Reserved]

(12)-(14) [Reserved]

(15) New Jersey

(i) State Requirements.

(A) State of New Jersey Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, October 6, 2021.

(B) [Reserved]

(ii) Local requirements.

(A) [Reserved]

(16) New York.

(i) State Requirements.

(A) State of New York Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, March 10, 2022.

(B) [Reserved]

(ii) Local requirements.

(A) [Reserved]

(17) North Carolina.

(i) State requirements.

(A) State of North Carolina Air Pollution Control Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, January 2, 2008.

(B) [Reserved]

(ii) Local requirements.

(A) [Reserved]

(18)-(21) [Reserved]

(22) Virginia.

(i) State requirements.

(A) Commonwealth of Virginia Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, February 20, 2019.

(B) [Reserved]

(ii) Local requirements.

(A) [Reserved]

(23) [Reserved]

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992]

Editorial Note:For Federal Register citations affecting § 55.14, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.

§ 55.15 Specific designation of corresponding onshore areas.

(a) California.

(1) The South Coast Air Quality Management District is designated as the COA for the following OCS facilities: Edith, Ellen, Elly, and Eureka.

(2) The Ventura County Air Pollution Control District is designated as the COA for the following OCS facilities: Grace, Gilda, Gail and Gina.

(3) The Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District is designated as the COA for the following OCS facilities: Habitat, Hacienda, Harmony, Harvest, Heather, Henry, Heritage, Hermosa, Hidalgo, Hillhouse, Hogan, Houchin, Hondo, Irene, Independence (formerly Iris), the OS and T, and Union A, B, and C.

(b) [Reserved]

[58 FR 14159, Mar. 16, 1993]

Appendix A to Part 55 – Listing of State and Local Requirements Incorporated by Reference Into Part 55, by State

This appendix lists the titles of the State and local requirements that are contained within the documents incorporated by reference into 40 CFR part 55.

Alaska

(a) State requirements.

(1) The following State of Alaska requirements are applicable to OCS Sources, September 15, 2018, Alaska Administrative Code – Department of Environmental Conservation. The following sections of Title 18, Chapter 50:

Article 1. Ambient Air Quality Management

18 AAC 50.005. Purpose and Applicability of Chapter (effective 10/01/2004)

18 AAC 50.010. Ambient Air Quality Standards (effective 08/20/2016)

18 AAC 50.015. Air Quality Designations, Classification, and Control Regions (effective 04/17/2015) except (b)(3) and (d)(2)

Table 1. Air Quality Classifications

18 AAC 50.020. Baseline Dates and Maximum Allowable Increases (effective 08/20/2016)

Table 2. Baseline Areas and Dates

Table 3. Maximum Allowable Increases

18 AAC 50.025. Visibility and Other Special Protection Areas (effective 09/15/2018)

18 AAC 50.030. State Air Quality Control Plan (effective 09/15/2018)

18 AAC 50.035. Documents, Procedures, and Methods Adopted by Reference (effective 09/15/2018)

18 AAC 50.040. Federal Standards Adopted by Reference (effective 09/15/2018) except (h)(2)

18 AAC 50.045. Prohibitions (effective 10/01/2004)

18 AAC 50.050. Incinerator Emissions Standards (effective 07/25/2008)

Table 4. Particulate Matter Standards for Incinerators

18 AAC 50.055. Industrial Processes and Fuel-Burning Equipment (effective 09/15/2018) except (a)(4) through (a)(6), (a)(9), (b)(2)(A), (b)(3), (b)(5), and (e)

18 AAC 50.065. Open Burning (effective 03/06/2016)

18 AAC 50.070. Marine Vessel Visible Emission Standards (effective 06/21/1998)

18 AAC 50.080. Ice Fog Standards (effective 01/18/1997)

18 AAC 50.085. Volatile Liquid Storage Tank Emission Standards (effective 01/18/1997)

18 AAC 50.100. Nonroad Engines (effective 10/01/2004)

18 AAC 50.110. Air Pollution Prohibited (effective 05/26/1972)

Article 2. Program Administration

18 AAC 50.200. Information Requests (effective 10/01/2004)

18 AAC 50.201. Ambient Air Quality Investigation (effective 10/01/2004)

18 AAC 50.205. Certification (effective 10/01/2004) except (b)

18 AAC 50.215. Ambient Air Quality Analysis Methods (effective 09/15/2018)

Table 5. Significant Impact Levels (SILs)

18 AAC 50.220. Enforceable Test Methods (effective 09/15/2018)

18 AAC 50.225 Owner-Requested Limits (effective 09/15/2018) except (c) through (g)

18 AAC 50.230. Preapproved Emission Limits (effective 09/15/2018) except (d)

18 AAC 50.235. Unavoidable Emergencies and Malfunctions (effective 09/15/2018)

18 AAC 50.240. Excess Emissions (effective 12/29/2016)

18 AAC 50.245. Air Quality Episodes and Advisories for Air Pollution Other Than PM 2.5 (effective 02/28/2015)

Table 6. Concentrations Triggering an Air Quality Episode for Air Pollution Other Than PM 2.5

18 AAC 50.246. Air Quality Episodes and Advisories for PM 2.5 (effective 02/28/2015)

Table 6a. Concentrations Triggering an Air Quality Episode for PM 2.5

Article 3. Major Stationary Source Permits

18 AAC 50.302. Construction Permits (effective 09/14/2012)

18 AAC 50.306. Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) Permits (effective 01/

04/2013) except (c) and (e)

18 AAC 50.311. Nonattainment Area Major Stationary Source Permits (effective 09/15/2018) except (c)

18 AAC 50.316. Preconstruction Review for Construction or Reconstruction of a Major Source of Hazardous Air Pollutants (effective 12/01/2004) except (c)

18 AAC 50.321. Case-By-Case Maximum Achievable Control Technology (effective 10/06/2013)

18 AAC 50.326. Title V Operating Permits (effective 09/15/2018) except (c)(1), (h), (i)(3), (j)(5), (j)(6), (k)(1), (k)(3), (k)(5), and (k)(6)

18 AAC 50.345. Construction, Minor and Operating Permits: Standard Permit Conditions (effective 09/15/2018)

18 AAC 50.346. Construction and Operating Permits: Other Permit Conditions (effective 09/15/2018)

Table 7. Standard Operating Permit Condition

Article 4. User Fees

18 AAC 50.400. Permit Administration Fees (effective 09/15/2018) except (a)(2) through (a)(4), (a)(6), (a)(8), (i)(1), (i)(4), (i)(8), and (i)(9)

18 AAC 50.403. Negotiated Service Agreements (effective 09/26/2015)

18 AAC 50.410. Emission Fees (effective 09/15/2018)

18 AAC 50.499. Definition for User Fee Requirements (effective 09/26/2015)

Article 5. Minor Permits

18 AAC 50.502. Minor Permits for Air Quality Protection (effective 09/15/2018) except (b)(1) through (b)(3), (b)(5), (d)(1)(A) and (d)(2)(A)

18 AAC 50.508. Minor Permits Requested by the Owner or Operator (effective 12/09/2010)

18 AAC 50.510. Minor Permit – Title V Permit Interface (effective 12/09/2010)

18 AAC 50.540. Minor Permit: Application (effective 09/15/2018)

18 AAC 50.542. Minor Permit: Review and Issuance (effective 09/15/2018) except (a), (b), (c), and (d)

18 AAC 50.544. Minor Permits: Content (effective 12/09/2010)

18 AAC 50.546. Minor Permit Revision (effective 7/25/08)

18 AAC 50.560. General Minor Permits (effective 09/15/2018) except (b)

Article 9. General Provisions

18 AAC 50.990. Definitions (effective 09/15/2018)

(2) [Reserved]

California

(a) State requirements.

(1) The following requirements are contained in State of California Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, February 2006:

Barclays California Code of Regulations

The following sections of Title 17 Subchapter 6:

17 § 92000 – Definitions (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 92100 – Scope and Policy (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 92200 – Visible Emission Standards (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 92210 – Nuisance Prohibition (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 92220 – Compliance with Performance Standards (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 92400 – Visible Evaluation Techniques (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 92500 – General Provisions (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 92510 – Pavement Marking (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 92520 – Stucco and Concrete (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 92530 – Certified Abrasive (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 92540 – Stucco and Concrete (Adopted 5/31/91)

17 § 93115 – Airborne Toxic Control Measure for Stationary Compression Ignition Engines (Adopted 2/26/04)

Health and Safety Code

The following section of Division 26, Part 4, Chapter 4, Article 1:

Health and Safety Code § 42301.13 of seq. Stationary sources: demolition or removal (chaptered 7/25/96)

(b) Local requirements.

(1)-(4) [Reserved]

(5) The following requirements are contained in San Luis Obispo County Air Pollution Control District Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, February 2000:

Rule 103 Conflicts Between District, State and Federal Rules (Adopted 8/6/76)

Rule 105 Definitions (Adopted 1/24/96)

Rule 106 Standard Conditions (Adopted 8/6/76)

Rule 108 Severability (Adopted 11/13/84)

Rule 113 Continuous Emissions Monitoring, except F. (Adopted 7/5/77)

Rule 201 Equipment not Requiring a Permit, except A.1.b. (Revised 4/26/95)

Rule 202 Permits, except A.4. and A.8. (Adopted 11/5/91)

Rule 203 Applications, except B. (Adopted 11/5/91)

Rule 204 Requirements, except B.3. and C. (Adopted 8/10/93)

Rule 209 Provision for Sampling and Testing Facilities (Adopted 11/5/91)

Rule 210 Periodic Inspection, Testing and Renewal of Permits to Operate (Adopted 11/5/91)

Rule 213 Calculations, except E.4. and F. (Adopted 8/10/93)

Rule 302 Schedule of Fees (Adopted 6/18/97)

Rule 305 Fees for Major Non-Vehicular Sources (Adopted 9/15/92)

Rule 401 Visible Emissions (Adopted 8/6/76)

Rule 403 Particulate Matter Emissions (Adopted 8/6/76)

Rule 404 Sulfur Compounds Emission Standards, Limitations and Prohibitions (Revised 12/6/76)

Rule 405 Nitrogen Oxides Emission Standards, Limitations and Prohibitions (Adopted 11/16/93)

Rule 406 Carbon Monoxide Emission Standards, Limitations and Prohibitions (Adopted 11/14/84)

Rule 407 Organic Material Emission Standards, Limitations and Prohibitions (Adopted 5/22/96)

Rule 411 Surface Coating of Metal Parts and Products (Adopted 1/28/98)

Rule 416 Degreasing Operations (Adopted 6/18/79)

Rule 417 Control of Fugitive Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (Adopted 2/9/93)

Rule 419 Petroleum Pits, Ponds, Sumps, Well Cellars, and Wastewater Separators (Revised 7/12/94)

Rule 422 Refinery Process Turnarounds (Adopted 6/18/79)

Rule 425 Storage of Volatile Organic Compounds (Adopted 7/12/94)

Rule 427 Marine Tanker Loading (Adopted 4/26/95)

Rule 429 Oxides of Nitrogen and Carbon Monoxide Emissions from Electric Power Generation Boilers (Revised 11/12/97)

Rule 430 Control of Oxides of Nitrogen from Industrial, Institutional, Commercial Boilers, Steam Generators, and Process Heaters (Adopted 7/26/95)

Rule 431 Stationary Internal Combustion Engines (Adopted 11/13/96)

Rule 501 General Burning Provisions (Adopted 1/10/89)

Rule 503 Incinerator Burning, except B.1.a. (Adopted 2/7/89)

Rule 601 New Source Performance Standards (Adopted 5/28/97)

(6) The following requirements are contained in Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, April 2019:

Rule 102 Definitions (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 103 Severability (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 105 Applicability (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 107 Emergencies (Adopted 04/19/01)

Rule 201 Permits Required (Revised 06/19/08)

Rule 202 Exemptions to Rule 201 (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 203 Transfer (Revised 04/17/97)

Rule 204 Applications (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 205 Standards for Granting Permits (Revised 04/17/97)

Rule 206 Conditional Approval of Authority to Construct or Permit to Operate (Revised 10/15/91)

Rule 207 Denial of Application (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 210 Fees (Revised 03/17/05)

Rule 212 Emission Statements (Adopted 10/20/92)

Rule 301 Circumvention (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 302 Visible Emissions (Revised 6/1981)

Rule 303 Nuisance (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 304 Particulate Matter-Northern Zone (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 305 Particulate Matter Concentration-Southern Zone (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 306 Dust and Fumes-Northern Zone (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 307 Particulate Matter Emission Weight Rate-Southern Zone (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 308 Incinerator Burning (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 309 Specific Contaminants (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 310 Odorous Organic Sulfides (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 311 Sulfur Content of Fuels (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 312 Open Fires (Adopted 10/02/90)

Rule 316 Storage and Transfer of Gasoline (Revised 01/15/09)

Rule 317 Organic Solvents (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 318 Vacuum Producing Devices or Systems-Southern Zone (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 321 Solvent Cleaning Operations (Revised 06/21/12)

Rule 322 Metal Surface Coating Thinner and Reducer (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 323 Architectural Coatings (Revised 11/15/01)

Rule 323.1 Architectural Coatings (Adopted 06/19/14, Effective 01/01/15)

Rule 324 Disposal and Evaporation of Solvents (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 325 Crude Oil Production and Separation (Revised 07/19/01)

Rule 326 Storage of Reactive Organic Compound Liquids (Revised 01/18/01)

Rule 327 Organic Liquid Cargo Tank Vessel Loading (Revised 12/16/85)

Rule 328 Continuous Emission Monitoring (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 330 Surface Coating of Metal Parts and Products (Revised 06/21/12)

Rule 331 Fugitive Emissions Inspection and Maintenance (Revised 12/10/91)

Rule 332 Petroleum Refinery Vacuum Producing Systems, Wastewater Separators and Process Turnarounds (Adopted 06/11/79)

Rule 333 Control of Emissions from Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines (Adopted 06/19/08)

Rule 342 Control of Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) from Boilers, Steam Generators and Process Heaters) (Revised 04/17/97)

Rule 343 Petroleum Storage Tank Degassing (Adopted 12/14/93)

Rule 344 Petroleum Sumps, Pits, and Well Cellars (Adopted 11/10/94)

Rule 346 Loading of Organic Liquid Cargo Vessels (Revised 01/18/01)

Rule 349 Polyester Resin Operations (Revised 06/21/12)

Rule 352 Natural Gas-Fired Fan-Type Central Furnaces and Residential Water Heaters (Revised 10/20/11)

Rule 353 Adhesives and Sealants (Revised 06/21/12)

Rule 359 Flares and Thermal Oxidizers (Adopted 06/28/94)

Rule 360 Boilers, Water Heaters, and Process Heaters (0.075-2 MMBtu/hr.) (Revised 03/15/18)

Rule 361 Small Boilers, Steam Generators, and Process Heaters (Adopted 01/17/08)

Rule 370 Potential to Emit – Limitations for Part 70 Sources (Revised 01/20/11)

Rule 505 Breakdown Conditions Sections A., B.1, and D. only (Adopted 10/23/78)

Rule 603 Emergency Episode Plans (Adopted 06/15/81)

Rule 702 General Conformity (Adopted 10/20/94)

Rule 801 New Source Review – Definitions and General Requirements (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 802 New Source Review (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 804 Emission Offsets (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 805 Air Quality Impact Analysis, Modeling, Monitoring, and Air Quality Increment Consumption (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 806 Emission Reduction Credits (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 808 New Source Review for Major Sources of Hazardous Air Pollutants (Adopted 05/20/99)

Rule 809 Federal Minor Source New Source Review (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 810 Federal Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) (Revised 06/20/13)

Rule 1301 Part 70 Operating Permits – General Information (Revised 08/25/16)

Rule 1302 Part 70 Operating Permits – Permit Application (Adopted 11/09/93)

Rule 1303 Part 70 Operating Permits – Permits (Revised 01/18/01)

Rule 1304 Part 70 Operating Permits – Issuance, Renewal, Modification and Reopening (Revised 01/18/01)

Rule 1305 Part 70 Operating Permits – Enforcement (Adopted 11/09/93)

(7) The following requirements are contained in South Coast Air Quality Management District Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources (Parts I, II and III):

Rule 102 Definition of Terms (Adopted 12/3/04)

Rule 103 Definition of Geographical Areas (Adopted 01/9/76)

Rule 104 Reporting of Source Test Data and Analyses (Adopted 01/9/76)

Rule 108 Alternative Emission Control Plans (Adopted 04/6/90)

Rule 109 Recordkeeping for Volatile Organic Compound Emissions (Adopted 08/18/00)

Rule 112 Definition of Minor Violation and Guidelines for Issuance of Notice to Comply (Adopted 11/13/98)

Rule 118 Emergencies (Adopted 12/07/95)

Rule 201 Permit to Construct (Adopted 12/03/04)

Rule 201.1 Permit Conditions in Federally Issued Permits to Construct (Adopted 12/03/04)

Rule 202 Temporary Permit to Operate (Adopted 12/03/04)

Rule 203 Permit to Operate (Adopted 12/03/04)

Rule 204 Permit Conditions (Adopted 03/6/92)

Rule 205 Expiration of Permits to Construct (Adopted 01/05/90)

Rule 206 Posting of Permit to Operate (Adopted 01/05/90)

Rule 207 Altering or Falsifying of Permit (Adopted 01/09/76)

Rule 208 Permit and Burn Authorization for Open Burning (Adopted 12/21/01)

Rule 209 Transfer and Voiding of Permits (Adopted 01/05/90)

Rule 210 Applications (Adopted 01/05/90)

Rule 212 Standards for Approving Permits (Adopted 12/07/95) except (c)(3) and (e)

Rule 214 Denial of Permits (Adopted 01/05/90)

Rule 217 Provisions for Sampling and Testing Facilities (Adopted 01/05/90)

Rule 218 Continuous Emission Monitoring (Adopted 05/14/99)

Rule 218.1 Continuous Emission Monitoring Performance Specifications (Adopted 05/14/99)

Rule 218.1 Attachment A – Supplemental and Alternative CEMS Performance Requirements (Adopted 05/14/99)

Rule 219 Equipment Not Requiring a Written Permit Pursuant to Regulation II (Adopted 6/1/07)

Rule 220 Exemption – Net Increase in Emissions (Adopted 08/07/81)

Rule 221 Plans (Adopted 01/04/85)

Rule 301 Permitting and Associated Fees (Adopted 5/2/08) except (e)(7)and Table IV

Rule 303 Hearing Board Fees (Adopted 5/2/08)

Rule 304 Equipment, Materials, and Ambient Air Analyses (Adopted 5/2/08)

Rule 304.1 Analyses Fees (Adopted 5/2/08)

Rule 305 Fees for Acid Deposition (Rescinded 6/9/06)

Rule 306 Plan Fees (Adopted 5/2/08)

Rule 309 Fees for Regulation XVI (Adopted 5/2/08)

Rule 313 Authority to Adjust Fees and Due Dates (Adopted 5/2/08)

Rule 401 Visible Emissions (Adopted 11/09/01)

Rule 403 Fugitive Dust (Adopted 06/03/05)

Rule 404 Particulate Matter – Concentration (Adopted 02/07/86)

Rule 405 Solid Particulate Matter – Weight (Adopted 02/07/86)

Rule 407 Liquid and Gaseous Air Contaminants (Adopted 04/02/82)

Rule 408 Circumvention (Adopted 05/07/76)

Rule 409 Combustion Contaminants (Adopted 08/07/81)

Rule 429 Start-Up and Shutdown Exemption Provisions for Oxides of Nitrogen (Adopted 12/21/90)

Rule 430 Breakdown Provisions, (a) and (b) only (Adopted 07/12/96)

Rule 431.1 Sulfur Content of Gaseous Fuels (Adopted 06/12/98)

Rule 431.2 Sulfur Content of Liquid Fuels (Adopted 09/15/00)

Rule 431.3 Sulfur Content of Fossil Fuels (Adopted 05/7/76)

Rule 441 Research Operations (Adopted 05/7/76)

Rule 442 Usage of Solvents (Adopted 12/15/00)

Rule 444 Open Burning (Adopted 12/21/01)

Rule 463 Organic Liquid Storage (Adopted 05/06/05)

Rule 465 Refinery Vacuum-Producing Devices or Systems (Adopted 08/13/99)

Rule 468 Sulfur Recovery Units (Adopted 10/08/76)

Rule 473 Disposal of Solid and Liquid Wastes (Adopted 05/07/76)

Rule 474 Fuel Burning Equipment-Oxides of Nitrogen (Adopted 12/04/81)

Rule 475 Electric Power Generating Equipment (Adopted 08/07/78)

Rule 476 Steam Generating Equipment (Adopted 10/08/76)

Rule 480 Natural Gas Fired Control Devices (Adopted 10/07/77) Addendum to Regulation IV (Effective 1977)

Rule 518 Variance Procedures for Title V Facilities (Adopted 08/11/95)

Rule 518.1 Permit Appeal Procedures for Title V Facilities (Adopted 08/11/95)

Rule 518.2 Federal Alternative Operating Conditions (Adopted 12/21/01)

Rule 701 Air Pollution Emergency Contingency Actions (Adopted 06/13/97)

Rule 702 Definitions (Adopted 07/11/80)

Rule 708 Plans (Rescinded 09/08/95)

Regulation IX Standard of Performance For New Stationary Sources (Adopted 4/4/08)

Regulation X National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Adopted 4/4/08)

Rule 1105.1 Reduction of PM 10 And Ammonia Emissions From Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units (Adopted 11/07/03)

Rule 1106 Marine Coating Operations (Adopted 01/13/95)

Rule 1107 Coating of Metal Parts and Products (Adopted 1/6/06)

Rule 1109 Emissions of Oxides of Nitrogen for Boilers and Process Heaters in Petroleum Refineries (Adopted 08/05/88)

Rule 1110 Emissions from Stationary Internal Combustion Engines (Demonstration) (Repealed 11/14/97)

Rule 1110.1 Emissions from Stationary Internal Combustion Engines (Rescinded 06/03/05)

Rule 1110.2 Emissions from Gaseous-and Liquid Fueled Engines (Adopted 2/1/08)

Rule 1113 Architectural Coatings (Adopted 7/13/07)

Rule 1116.1 Lightering Vessel Operations-Sulfur Content of Bunker Fuel (Adopted 10/20/78)

Rule 1121 Control of Nitrogen Oxides from Residential-Type Natural Gas-Fired Water Heaters (Adopted 09/03/04)

Rule 1122 Solvent Degreasers (Adopted 10/01/04)

Rule 1123 Refinery Process Turnarounds (Adopted 12/07/90)

Rule 1129 Aerosol Coatings (Rescinded 03/08/96)

Rule 1132 Further Control of VOC Emissions from High-Emitting Spray Booth Facilities (Adopted 5/5/06)

Rule 1134 Emissions of Oxides of Nitrogen from Stationary Gas Turbines (Adopted 08/08/97)

Rule 1136 Wood Products Coatings (Adopted 06/14/96)

Rule 1137 PM10 Emission Reductions from Woodworking Operations (Adopted 02/01/02)

Rule 1140 Abrasive Blasting (Adopted 08/02/85)

Rule 1142 Marine Tank Vessel Operations (Adopted 07/19/91)

Rule 1146 Emissions of Oxides of Nitrogen from Industrial, Institutional, and Commercial Boilers, Steam Generators, and Process Heaters (Adopted 9/5/08)

Rule 1146.1 Emission of Oxides of Nitrogen from Small Industrial, Institutional, and Commercial Boilers, Steam Generators, and Process Heaters (Adopted 9/5/08)

Rule 1146.2 Emissions of Oxides of Nitrogen from Large Water Heaters and Small Boilers (Adopted 5/5/06)

Rule 1148 Thermally Enhanced Oil Recovery Wells (Adopted 11/05/82)

Rule 1149 Storage Tank Cleaning And Degassing (Adopted 5/2/08)

Rule 1162 Polyester Resin Operations (Adopted 7/8/05)

Rule 1168 Adhesive and Sealant Applications (Adopted 01/07/05)

Rule 1171 Solvent Cleaning Operations (Adopted 2/1/08)

Rule 1173 Control of Volatile Organic Compounds Leaks and Releases From Components At Petroleum Facilities and Chemical Plants (Adopted 6/1/07)

Rule 1176 VOC Emissions from Wastewater Systems (Adopted 09/13/96)

Rule 1178 Further Reductions of VOC Emissions from Storage Tanks at Petroleum Facilities (Adopted 4/7/06)

Rule 1301 General (Adopted 12/07/95)

Rule 1302 Definitions (Adopted 12/06/02)

Rule 1303 Requirements (Adopted 12/06/02)

Rule 1304 Exemptions (Adopted 06/14/96)

Rule 1306 Emission Calculations (Adopted 12/06/02)

Rule 1309.1 Priority Reserve (Replaced 8/3/07)

Rule 1313 Permits to Operate (Adopted 12/07/95)

Rule 1315 Federal New Source Review Tracking System (Readopted) (Adopted 8/3/07)

Rule 1403 Asbestos Emissions from Demolition/Renovation Activities (Adopted 10/5/07)

Rule 1470 Requirements for Stationary Diesel-Fueled Internal Combustion and Other Compression Ignition Engines (Adopted 6/1/07)

Rule 1472 Requirements for Facilities with Multiple Stationary Emergency Standby Diesel-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines (Adopted 3/7/08)

Rule 1605 Credits for the Voluntary Repair of On-Road Motor Vehicles Identified Through Remote Sensing Devices (Adopted 10/11/96)

Rule 1612 Credits for Clean On-Road Vehicles (Adopted 07/10/98)

Rule 1612.1 Mobile Source Credit Generation Pilot Program (Adopted 03/16/01)

Rule 1620 Credits for Clean Off-Road Mobile Equipment (Adopted 07/10/98)

Rule 1701 General (Adopted 08/13/99)

Rule 1702 Definitions (Adopted 08/13/99)

Rule 1703 PSD Analysis (Adopted 10/07/88)

Rule 1704 Exemptions (Adopted 08/13/99)

Rule 1706 Emission Calculations (Adopted 08/13/99)

Rule 1713 Source Obligation (Adopted 10/07/88)

Regulation XVII Appendix (effective 1977)

Rule 1901 General Conformity (Adopted 09/09/94)

Regulation XX Regional Clean Air Incentives Market (Reclaim)

Rule 2000 General (Adopted 05/06/05)

Rule 2001 Applicability (Adopted 05/06/05)

Rule 2002 Allocations for Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) and Oxides of Sulfur (SOX) (Adopted 01/07/05)

Rule 2004 Requirements (Adopted 4/6/07) except (l)

Rule 2005 New Source Review for RECLAIM (Adopted 05/06/05) except (i)

Rule 2006 Permits (Adopted 05/11/01)

Rule 2007 Trading Requirements (Adopted 4/6/07)

Rule 2008 Mobile Source Credits (Adopted 10/15/93)

Rule 2009 Compliance Plan for Power Producing Facilities (Adopted 01/07/05)

Rule 2010 Administrative Remedies and Sanctions (Adopted 4/6/07)

Rule 2011 Requirements for Monitoring, Reporting, and Recordkeeping for Oxides of Sulfur (SOX) Emissions (Adopted 05/06/05)

Appendix A Volume IV – (Protocol for Oxides of Sulfur) (Adopted 05/06/05)

Rule 2012 Requirements for Monitoring, Reporting, and Recordkeeping for Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) Emissions (Adopted 05/06/05)

Appendix A Volume V – (Protocol for Oxides of Nitrogen) (Adopted 05/06/05)

Rule 2015 Backstop Provisions (Adopted 06/04/04) except (b)(1)(G) and (b)(3)(B)

Rule 2020 RECLAIM Reserve (Adopted 05/11/01)

Rule 2100 Registration of Portable Equipment (Adopted 07/11/97)

Rule 2449 Controls of Oxides of Nitrogen Emissions from Off-Road Diesel Vehicles (Adopted 5/2/08)

Rule 2506 Area Source Credits for NOX and SOX (Adopted 12/10/99)

XXX Title V Permits

Rule 3000 General (Adopted 11/14/97)

Rule 3001 Applicability (Adopted 11/14/97)

Rule 3002 Requirements (Adopted 11/14/97)

Rule 3003 Applications (Adopted 03/16/01)

Rule 3004 Permit Types and Content (Adopted 12/12/97)

Rule 3005 Permit Revisions (Adopted 03/16/01)

Rule 3006 Public Participation (Adopted 11/14/97)

Rule 3007 Effect of Permit (Adopted 10/08/93)

Rule 3008 Potential To Emit Limitations (Adopted 03/16/01)

XXXI Acid Rain Permit Program (Adopted 02/10/95)

(8) The following requirements are contained in Ventura County Air Pollution Control District Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, parts 1 and 2, April 2017:

Rule 2 Definitions (Revised 04/12/11)

Rule 5 Effective Date (Revised 04/13/04)

Rule 6 Severability (Revised 11/21/78)

Rule 7 Boundaries (Adopted 06/14/77)

Rule 10 Permits Required (Revised 04/13/04)

Rule 11 Definition for Regulation II (Amended 03/14/06)

Rule 12 Applications for Permits (Adopted 06/13/95)

Rule 13 Action on Applications for an Authority To Construct (Adopted 06/13/95)

Rule 14 Action on Applications for a Permit To Operate (Adopted 06/13/95)

Rule 15.1 Sampling and Testing Facilities (Adopted 10/12/93)

Rule 16 BACT Certification (Adopted 06/13/95)

Rule 19 Posting of Permits (Revised 05/23/72)

Rule 20 Transfer of Permit (Revised 05/23/72)

Rule 23 Exemptions From Permits (Revised 11/12/13)

Rule 24 Source Recordkeeping, Reporting, and Emission Statements (Revised 09/15/92)

Rule 26 New Source Review – General (Amended 03/14/06)

Rule 26.1 New Source Review – Definitions (Revised 11/14/06)

Rule 26.2 New Source Review – Requirements (Revised 03/14/06)

Rule 26.3 New Source Review – Exemptions (Revised 3/14/06)

Rule 26.6 New Source Review – Calculations (Revised 3/14/06)

Rule 26.8 New Source Review – Permit To Operate (Adopted 10/22/91)

Rule 26.11 New Source Review – ERC Evaluation at Time of Use (Adopted 05/14/02)

Rule 26.12 Federal Major Modifications (Adopted 06/27/06)

Rule 26.13 New Source Review – Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) (Revised 11/10/15)

Rule 28 Revocation of Permits (Revised 07/18/72)

Rule 29 Conditions on Permits (Revised 03/14/06)

Rule 30 Permit Renewal (Revised 04/13/04)

Rule 32 Breakdown Conditions: Emergency Variances, A., B.1., and D. only. (Revised 02/20/79)

Rule 33 Part 70 Permits-General (Revised 04/12/11)

Rule 33.1 Part 70 Permits – Definitions (Revised 04/12/11)

Rule 33.2 Part 70 Permits – Application Contents (Revised 04/10/01)

Rule 33.3 Part 70 Permits – Permit Content (Revised 09/12/06)

Rule 33.4 Part 70 Permits – Operational Flexibility (Revised 04/10/01)

Rule 33.5 Part 70 Permits – Timeframes for Applications, Review and Issuance (Adopted 10/12/93)

Rule 33.6 Part 70 Permits – Permit Term and Permit Reissuance (Adopted 10/12/93)

Rule 33.7 Part 70 Permits – Notification (Revised 04/10/01)

Rule 33.8 Part 70 Permits – Reopening of Permits (Adopted 10/12/93)

Rule 33.9 Part 70 Permits – Compliance Provisions (Revised 04/10/01)

Rule 33.10 Part 70 Permits – General Part 70 Permits (Adopted 10/12/93)

Rule 34 Acid Deposition Control (Adopted 03/14/95)

Rule 35 Elective Emission Limits (Revised 04/12/11)

Rule 36 New Source Review – Hazardous Air Pollutants (Adopted 10/06/98)

Rule 42 Permit Fees (Revised 04/12/16)

Rule 44 Exemption Evaluation Fee (Revised 04/08/08)

Rule 45 Plan Fees (Adopted 06/19/90)

Rule 45.2 Asbestos Removal Fees (Revised 08/04/92)

Rule 47 Source Test, Emission Monitor, and Call-Back Fees (Adopted 06/22/99)

Rule 50 Opacity (Revised 04/13/04)

Rule 52 Particulate Matter – Concentration (Grain Loading)(Revised 04/13/04)

Rule 53 Particulate Matter – Process Weight (Revised 04/13/04)

Rule 54 Sulfur Compounds (Revised 01/14/14)

Rule 56 Open Burning (Revised 11/11/03)

Rule 57 Incinerators (Revised 01/11/05)

Rule 57.1 Particulate Matter Emissions From Fuel Burning Equipment (Adopted 01/11/05)

Rule 62.7 Asbestos-Demolition and Renovation (Adopted 06/16/92, Effective 09/01/92)

Rule 63 Separation and Combination of Emissions (Revised 11/21/78)

Rule 64 Sulfur Content of Fuels (Revised 04/13/99)

Rule 68 Carbon Monoxide (Revised 04/13/04)

Rule 71 Crude Oil and Reactive Organic Compound Liquids (Revised 12/13/94)

Rule 71.1 Crude Oil Production and Separation (Revised 06/16/92)

Rule 71.2 Storage of Reactive Organic Compound Liquids (Revised 09/26/89)

Rule 71.3 Transfer of Reactive Organic Compound Liquids (Revised 06/16/92)

Rule 71.4 Petroleum Sumps, Pits, Ponds, and Well Cellars (Revised 06/08/93)

Rule 71.5 Glycol Dehydrators (Adopted 12/13/94)

Rule 72 New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) (Revised 09/9/08)

Rule 73 National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS) (Revised 09/9/08)

Rule 74 Specific Source Standards (Adopted 07/06/76)

Rule 74.1 Abrasive Blasting (Revised 11/12/91)

Rule 74.2 Architectural Coatings (Revised 01/12/10)

Rule 74.6 Surface Cleaning and Degreasing (Revised 11/11/03 – effective 07/01/04)

Rule 74.6.1 Batch Loaded Vapor Degreasers (Adopted 11/11/03 – effective 07/01/04)

Rule 74.7 Fugitive Emissions of Reactive Organic Compounds at Petroleum Refineries and Chemical Plants (Revised 10/10/95)

Rule 74.8 Refinery Vacuum Producing Systems, Waste-Water Separators and Process Turnarounds (Revised 07/05/83)

Rule 74.9 Stationary Internal Combustion Engines (Revised 11/08/05)

Rule 74.10 Components at Crude Oil Production Facilities and Natural Gas Production and Processing Facilities (Revised 03/10/98)

Rule 74.11 Natural Gas-Fired Residential Water Heaters – Control of NOX (Revised 05/11/10)

Rule 74.11.1 Large Water Heaters and Small Boilers (Revised 09/11/12)

Rule 74.12 Surface Coating of Metal Parts and Products (Revised 04/08/08)

Rule 74.15 Boilers, Steam Generators and Process Heaters (5 MMBTUs and greater) (Revised 11/08/94)

Rule 74.15.1 Boilers, Steam Generators and Process Heaters (1 to 5 MMBTUs) (Revised 06/23/15)

Rule 74.16 Oil Field Drilling Operations (Adopted 01/08/91)

Rule 74.20 Adhesives and Sealants (Revised 09/11/12)

Rule 74.23 Stationary Gas Turbines (Revised 1/08/02)

Rule 74.24 Marine Coating Operations (Revised 09/11/12)

Rule 74.24.1 Pleasure Craft Coating and Commercial Boatyard Operations (Revised 01/08/02)

Rule 74.26 Crude Oil Storage Tank Degassing Operations (Adopted 11/08/94)

Rule 74.27 Gasoline and ROC Liquid Storage Tank Degassing Operations (Adopted 11/08/94)

Rule 74.28 Asphalt Roofing Operations (Adopted 05/10/94)

Rule 74.30 Wood Products Coatings (Revised 06/27/06)

Rule 74.31 Metal Working Fluids and Direct-Contact Lubricants (Adopted 11/12/13)

Rule 75 Circumvention (Revised 11/27/78)

Rule 101 Sampling and Testing Facilities (Revised 05/23/72)

Rule 102 Source Tests (Revised 04/13/04)

Rule 103 Continuous Monitoring Systems (Revised 02/09/99)

Rule 154 Stage 1 Episode Actions (Adopted 09/17/91)

Rule 155 Stage 2 Episode Actions (Adopted 09/17/91)

Rule 156 Stage 3 Episode Actions (Adopted 09/17/91)

Rule 158 Source Abatement Plans (Adopted 09/17/91)

Rule 159 Traffic Abatement Procedures (Adopted 09/17/91)

Rule 220 General Conformity (Adopted 05/09/95)

Rule 230 Notice to Comply (Revised 9/9/08)

Delaware

(a) State requirements.

(1) The following State of Delaware requirements are applicable to OCS Sources, November 11, 2018, State of Delaware – Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control. The following sections of Title 7 Delaware Administrative Code 1100 – Air Quality Management Section:

7 DE Admin. Code 1101: Definitions and Administrative Principals

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 2.0: Definitions (Effective 12/11/2016)

Section 3.0: Administrative Principals (Effective 11/11/2013)

Section 4.0: Abbreviations (Effective 02/01/1981)

7 DE Admin. Code 1102: Permits

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 06/11/2006)

Section 2.0: Applicability (Effective 06/11/2006)

Section 3.0: Application/Registration Prepared by Interested Party (Effective 06/01/1997)

Section 4.0: Cancellation of Construction Permits (Effective 06/01/1997)

Section 5.0: Action on Applications (Effective 06/01/1997)

Section 6.0: Denial, Suspension or Revocation of Operating Permits (Effective 06/11/2006)

Section 7.0: Transfer of Permit/Registration Prohibited (Effective 06/01/1997)

Section 8.0: Availability of Permit/Registration (Effective 06/01/1997)

Section 9.0: Registration Submittal (Effective 06/01/1997)

Section 10.0: Source Category Permit Application (Effective 06/01/1997)

Section 11.0: Permit Application (Effective 06/11/2006)

Section 12.0: Public Participation (Effective 06/11/2006)

Section 13.0: Department Records (Effective 06/01/1997)

Appendix A (Effective 06/11/2006)

7 DE Admin. Code 1103: Ambient Air Quality Standards

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 01/11/2014)

Section 2.0: General Restrictions (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 3.0: Suspended Particulates (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 4.0: Sulfur Dioxide (Effective 01/11/2014)

Section 5.0: Carbon Monoxide (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 6.0: Ozone (Effective 01/11/2014)

Section 7.0: Hydrocarbons (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 8.0: Nitrogen Dioxide (Effective 01/11/2014)

Section 9.0: Hydrogen Sulfide (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 10.0: Lead (Effective 01/11/2014)

Section 11.0: PM10 and PM2.5 Particulates (Effective 01/11/2014)

7 DE Admin. Code 1104: Particulate Emissions From Fuel Burning Equipment

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 01/11/2017)

Section 2.0: Emission Limits (Effective 01/11/2017)

7 DE Admin. Code 1105: Particulate Emissions From Industrial Process Operations

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 01/11/2017)

Section 2.0: General Restrictions (Effective 01/11/2017)

Section 3.0: Restrictions on Hot Mix Asphalt Batching Operations (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 4.0: Restrictions on Secondary Metal Operations (Effective 01/11/2017)

Section 5.0: Restrictions on Petroleum Refining Operations (Effective 01/11/2017)

Section 6.0: Restrictions on Prill Tower Operations (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 7.0: Control of Potentially Hazardous Particulate Matter (Effective 02/01/1981)

7 DE Admin. Code 1106: Particulate Emissions From Construction and Materials Handling

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 2.0: Demolition (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 3.0: Grading, Land Clearing, Excavation and Use of Non-Paved Roads (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 4.0: Material Movement (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 5.0: Sandblasting (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 6.0: Material Storage (Effective 02/01/1981)

7 DE Admin. Code 1107: Emissions From Incineration of Noninfectious Waster

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 10/13/1989)

Section 2.0: Restrictions (Effective 10/13/1989)

7 DE Admin. Code 1108: Sulfur Dioxide Emissions From Fuel Burning Equipment

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 07/11/2013)

Section 2.0: Limit on Sulfur Content of Fuel (Effective 07/11/2013)

Section 3.0: Emission Control in Lieu of Sulfur Content Limits of 2.0 of This Regulation (Effective 07/11/2013)

Section 4.0: Sampling and Testing Methods and Requirements (Effective 07/11/2013)

Section 5.0: Recordkeeping and Reporting (Effective 07/11/2013)

7 DE Admin. Code 1109: Emissions of Sulfur Compounds From Industrial Operations

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 05/09/1985)

Section 2.0: Restrictions on Sulfuric Acid Manufacturing Operations (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 3.0: Restriction on Sulfuric Recovery Operations (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 4.0: Stack Height Requirements (Effective 02/01/1981)

7 DE Admin. Code 1110: Control of Sulfur Dioxide Emissions – Kent and Sussex Counties

Section 1.0: Requirements for Existing Sources of Sulfur Dioxide (Effective 01/18/1982)

Section 2.0: Requirements for New Sources of Sulfur Dioxide (Effective 02/01/1981)

7 DE Admin. Code 1111: Carbon Monoxide Emissions From Industrial Process Operations New Castle County

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 2.0: Restrictions on Petroleum Refining Operations (Effective 02/01/1981)

7 DE Admin. Code 1112: Control of Nitrogen Oxide Emissions

Section 1.0: Applicability (Effective 11/24/1993)

Section 2.0: Definitions (Effective 11/24/1993)

Section 3.0: Standards (Effective 11/24/1993)

Section 4.0: Exemptions (Effective 11/24/1993)

Section 5.0: Alternative and Equivalent RACT Determinations (11/24/1993)

Section 6.0: RACT Proposals (11/24/1993)

Section 7.0: Compliance Certification, Recordkeeping, and Reporting Requirements (Effective 11/24/1993)

7 DE Admin. Code 1113: Open Burning

Section 1.0: Purpose (Effective 04/11/2007)

Section 2.0: Applicability (Effective 04/11/2007)

Section 3.0: Definitions (Effective 04/11/2007)

Section 4.0: Prohibitions and Related Provisions (Effective 04/11/2007)

Section 5.0: Season and Time Restrictions (Effective 04/11/2007)

Section 6.0: Allowable Open Burning (Effective 04/11/2007)

Section 7.0: Exemptions (Effective 04/11/2007)

7 DE Admin. Code 1114: Visible Emissions

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 11/11/2013)

Section 2.0: Requirements (Effective 05/11/2018)

Section 3.0: Alternate Opacity Requirements (Effective 07/17/1984)

Section 4.0: Compliance With Opacity Standards (Effective 07/17/1984)

7 DE Admin. Code 1115: Air Pollution Alert and Emergency Plan

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 07/17/1984)

Section 2.0: Stages and Criteria (Effective 03/29/1988)

Section 3.0: Required Actions (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 4.0: Standby Plans (Effective 02/01/1981)

7 DE Admin. Code 1116: Sources Having an Interstate Air Pollution Potential

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 2.0: Limitations (Effective 02/01/1981)

Section 3.0: Requirements (Effective 02/01/1981)

7 DE Admin. Code 1117: Source Monitoring, Record Keeping and Reporting

Section 1.0: Definitions and Administrative Principals (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 2.0: Sampling and Monitoring (Effective 07/17/1984)

Section 3.0: Minimum Emissions Monitoring Requirements For Existing Sources (Effective 07/17/1984)

Section 4.0: Performance Specifications (Effective 07/17/1984)

Section 5.0: Minimum Data Requirements (Effective 07/17/1984)

Section 6.0: Data Reduction (Effective 07/17/1984)

Section 7.0: Emission Statement (Effective 01/11/1993)

7 DE Admin. Code 1120: New Source Performance Standards

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 12/07/1988)

Section 2.0: Standards of Performance for Fuel Burning Equipment (Effective 04/18/1983)

Section 3.0: Standards of Performance for Nitric Acid Plants (Effective 04/18/1983)

Section 5.0: Standards of Performance for Asphalt Concrete Plants (Effective 04/18/1983)

Section 6.0: Standards of Performance for Incinerators (Effective 04/18/1983)

Section 7.0: Standards of Performance for Sewage Treatment Plants (Effective 04/18/1983)

Section 8.0: Standards of Performance for Sulfuric Acid Plants (Effective 04/18/1983)

Section 9.0: Standards of Performance for Electric Utility Steam Generating Units for Which Construction is Commenced After September 18, 1978 (Effective 04/18/1983)

Section 10.0: Standards of Performance for Stationary Gas Turbines (Effective 11/27/1985)

Section 11.0: Standards of Performance for Petroleum Refineries (Effective 11/27/1985)

Section 12.0: Standards of Performance for Steel Plants: Electric Arc Furnaces (Effective 11/27/1985)

Section 20.0: Standards of Performance for Bulk Gasoline Terminals (Effective 11/27/1985)

Section 22.0: Standards of Performance for Equipment Leaks at Petroleum Refineries (Effective 11/27/1985)

Section 27.0: Standards of Performance for Volatile Organic Liquid Storage Vessels (Including Petroleum Liquid Storage Vessels) for Which Construction, Reconstruction, or Modification Commenced after July 23, 1984 (Effective 12/07/1988)

Section 28.0: Standards of Performance for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills (Effective 04/11/1998)

Section 30.0: Standards of Performance for Municipal Solid Waste Landfills after July 11, 2017 (Effective 07/11/2017)

7 DE Admin. Code 1122: Restriction on Quality of Fuel in Fuel Burning Equipment

Section 1.0: Prohibition of Waste Oil (Effective 11/27/1985)

7 DE Admin. Code 1124: Control of Volatile Organic Compounds

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 01/11/2017)

Section 2.0: Definitions (Effective 04/11/2010)

Section 3.0: Applicability (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 4.0: Compliance, Certification, Recordkeeping, and Reporting Requirements for Coating Sources (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 5.0: Compliance, Certification, Recordkeeping, and Reporting Requirements for non-Coating Sources (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 6.0: General Recordkeeping (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 7.0: Circumvention (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 8.0: Handling, Storage, and Disposal of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) (Effective 03/11/2011)

Section 9.0: Compliance, Permits, Enforceability (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 10.0: Aerospace Coatings (Effective 02/11/2003)

Section 11.0: Mobile Equipment Repair and Refinishing (Effective 10/11/2010)

Section 12.0: Surface Coating of Plastic Parts (Effective 10/11/2011)

Section 13.0: Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Coating Operations (Effective 03/11/2011)

Section 14.0: Can Coating (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 15.0: Coil Coating (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 16.0: Paper, Film, and Foil Coating (Effective 03/11/2011)

Section 17.0: Fabric Coating (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 18.0: Vinyl Coating (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 19.0: Coating of Metal Furniture (Effective 10/11/2011)

Section 20.0: Coating of Large Appliances (Effective 10/11/2011)

Section 21.0: Coating of Magnet Wire (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 22.0: Coating of Miscellaneous Metal Parts (Effective 10/11/2011)

Section 23.0: Coating of Flat Wood Paneling (Effective 03/11/2011)

Section 24.0: Bulk Gasoline Plants (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 25.0: Bulk Gasoline Terminals (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 26.0: Gasoline Dispensing Facility Stage I Vapor Recovery (Effective 01/11/2002)

Section 27.0: Gasoline Tank Trucks (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 28.0: Petroleum Refinery Sources (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 29.0: Leaks from Petroleum Refinery Equipment (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 30.0: Petroleum Liquid Storage in External Floating Roof Tanks (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 31.0: Petroleum Liquid Storage in Fixed Roof Tanks (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 32.0: Leaks from Natural Gas/Gasoline Processing Equipment (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 33.0: Solvent Cleaning and Drying (Effective 11/11/2001)

Section 34.0: Cutback and Emulsified Asphalt (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 35.0: Manufacture of Synthesized Pharmaceutical Products (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 36.0: Vapor Emission Control at Gasoline Dispensing Facilities (Effective 09/11/2015)

Section 37.0: Graphic Arts Systems (Effective 03/11/2011)

Section 38.0: Petroleum Solvent Dry Cleaners (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 40.0: Leaks from Synthetic Organic Chemical, Polymer, and Resin Manufacturing Equipment (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 41.0: Manufacture of High-Density Polyethylene, Polypropylene, and Polystyrene Resins (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 42.0: Air Oxidation Processes in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (Effective 01/11/1993)

Section 43.0: Bulk Gasoline Marine Tank Vessel Loading Facilities (Effective 08/08/1994)

Section 44.0: Batch Processing Operations (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 45.0: Industrial Cleaning Solvents (Effective 03/11/2011)

Section 46.0: Crude Oil Lightering Operations (Effective 05/11/2007)

Section 47.0: Offset Lithographic Printing (Effective 04/11/2011)

Section 48.0: Reactor Processes and Distillation Operations in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 49.0: Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Volatile Organic Liquid Storage Vessels (Effective 11/29/1994)

Section 50.0: Other Facilities that Emit Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) (Effective 11/29/1994)

7 DE Admin. Code 1124: Control of Organic Compound Emissions – Appendices

Appendix A General Provisions: Test Methods and Compliance Procedures (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix B: Determining the Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Content of Coatings and Inks (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix C: Alternative Compliance Methods for Surface Coating (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix D: Emission Capture and Destruction or Removal Efficiency and Monitoring Requirements (Effective 11/29/1994)

Method 30: Criteria for and Verification of a Permanent or Temporary Total Enclosure (Effective 11/29/1994)

Method 30A: Volatile Organic Compounds Content in Liquid Input Stream (Effective 11/29/1994)

Method 30B: Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions in Captured Stream (Effective 11/29/1994)

Method 30C: Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions in Captured Stream (Dilution Technique) (Effective 11/29/1994)

Method 30D: Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions in Fugitive Stream from Temporary Total Enclosure (Effective 11/29/1994)

Method 30E: Volatile Organic Compounds Emissions in Fugitive Stream from Building Enclosure (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix E: Determining the Destruction or Removal Efficiency of a Control Device (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix F: Leak Detection Methods for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix G: Performance Specifications for Continuous Emissions Monitoring of Total Hydrocarbons (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix H: Quality Control Procedures for Continuous Emission Monitoring Systems (CEMS) (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix I: Method to Determine Length of Rolling Period for Liquid/Liquid Material Balance (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix K: Emissions Estimation Methodologies (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix L: Method to Determine Total Organic Carbon for Offset Lithographic Solutions (Effective 11/29/1994)

Appendix M: Test Method for Determining the Performance of Alternative Cleaning Fluids (Effective 11/29/1994)

7 DE Admin. Code 1125: Requirements for Preconstruction Review

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 12/11/2016)

Section 2.0: Emission Offset Provisions (EOP) (Effective 02/11/2012)
1

1 On October 20, 2016, EPA disapproved Delaware’s emissions offset provisions. EPA last approved Regulation 1125, Section 2.0 for the Delaware SIP on October 2, 2012, these emissions offset provisions address requirements in CAA 173(c)(1), 40 CFR 51.165, and part 51, appendix S, section IV.D. The State effective date of this version of Regulation 1125, Section 2.0, Emission Offset Provisions was February 11, 2012, and it is this version of Regulation 1125, Section 2.0 that Delaware is required to implement and EPA incorporated by reference into 40 CFR part 55.

Section 3.0: Prevention of Significant Deterioration of Air Quality (Effective 12/11/2016)

Section 4.0: Minor New Source Review (MNSR) (Effective 12/11/2016)

7 DE Admin. Code 1127: Stack Heights

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 07/06/1982)

Section 2.0: Definitions Specific to this Regulation (Effective 12/07/1988)

Section 3.0: Requirements for Existing and New Sources (Effective 02/18/1987)

Section 4.0: Public Notification (Effective 02/18/1987)

7 DE Admin. Code 1129: Emissions From Incineration of Infectious Waste

Section 1.0: General Provisions (Effective 10/13/1989)

Section 2.0: Exemptions (Effective 10/13/1989)

Section 3.0: Permit Requirements (Effective 10/13/1989)

Section 4.0: Methods of Treatment and Disposal (Effective 10/13/1989)

Section 5.0: Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements (Effective 10/13/1989)

Section 6.0: Evidence of Effectiveness of Treatment (Effective 10/13/1989)

Section 7.0: Incineration (Effective 10/13/1989)

7 DE Admin. Code 1130: Title V Operating Permit Program

Section 1.0: Program Overview (Effective 12/11/2010)

Section 2.0: Definitions (Effective 11/15/1993)

Section 3.0: Applicability (Effective 11/15/1993)

Section 5.0: Permit Applications (Effective 11/15/1993)

Section 6.0: Permit Contents (Effective 12/11/2000)

Section 7.0: Permit Issuance, Renewal, Reopening, And Revisions (Effective 12/11/2000)

Section 8.0: Permit Review by EPA and Affected States (Effective 11/15/1993)

Section 9.0: Permit Fees (Effective 11/15/1993)

Appendix A: Insignificant Activities (Effective 11/15/1993)

7 DE Admin. Code 1132: Transportation Conformity

Section 1.0: Purpose (Effective 11/11/2007)

Section 2.0: Definitions (Effective 11/11/2007)

Section 3.0: Consultation (Effective 11/11/2007)

Section 4.0: Written Commitments for Control and Mitigation Measures (Effective 11/11/2007)

7 DE Admin Code 1134: Emission Banking and Trading Program

Section 1.0: Program Overview (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 2.0: Definitions (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 3.0: Applicability (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 4.0: Generating an Emission Reduction (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 5.0: Application for Certification of an Emission Reduction as an ERC (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 6.0: Source Baseline (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 7.0: Post-Reduction Emission Rate (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 8.0: Certification of an Emission Reduction (Effective 11/11/2018)

Section 9.0: Trading and Use of ERCs (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 10.0: Record Keeping Requirements (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 11.0: ERC Banking System (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 12.0: Fees (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 13.0: Enforcement (Effective 10/06/1997)

Section 14.0: Program Evaluation and Individual Audits (Effective 10/06/1997)

7 DE Admin. Code 1135: Conformity of General Federal Actions to the State Implementation Plans

Section 1.0: Purpose (Effective 08/14/1996)

Section 2.0: Definitions (Effective 08/14/1996)

Section 3.0: Applicability (Effective 08/14/1996)

Section 4.0: Conformity Analysis (Effective 08/14/1996)

Section 5.0: Reporting Requirements (Effective 08/14/1996)

Section 6.0: Public Participation and Consultation (Effective 08/14/1996)

Section 7.0: Frequency of Conformity Determinations (Effective 08/14/1996)

Section 8.0: Criteria for Determining Conformity of General Federal Actions (Effective 08/14/1996)

Section 9.0: Procedures for Conformity Determinations of General Federal Actions (Effective 08/14/1996)

Section 10.0: Mitigation of Airy Quality Impacts (Effective 08/14/1996)

Section 11.0: Savings Provision (Effective 08/14/1996)

7 DE Admin. Code 1140: Delaware Low Emission Vehicle Program

Section 1.0: Purpose (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 2.0: Applicability (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 3.0: Definitions (Effective 03/11/2018)

Section 4.0: Emission Certification Standards (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 5.0: New Vehicle Emission Requirements (Effective 03/11/2018)

Section 6.0: Manufacturer Fleet Requirements (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 7.0: Warranty (Effective 03/11/2018)

Section 8.0: Reporting and Record-Keeping Requirements (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 9.0: Enforcement (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 10.0: Incorporation by Reference (Effective 03/11/2018)

Section 11.0: Document Availability (Effective 03/11/2018)

Section 12.0: Severability (Effective 12/11/2013)

7 DE Admin. Code 1141: Limiting Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds From Consumer and Commercial Products

Section 1.0: Architectural and Industrial Maintenance Coatings (Effective 12/11/2016)

Section 2.0: Consumer Products (Effective 02/11/2016)

Section 3.0: Portable Fuel Containers (Effective 04/11/2010)

Section 4.0: Adhesives and Sealants (Effective 04/11/2009)

7 DE Admin. Code 1142: Specific Emission Control Requirements

Section 1.0: Control of NOX Emissions from Industrial Boilers (Effective 12/12/2001)

7 DE Admin. Code 1144: Control of Stationary Generator Emissions

Section 1.0: General (Effective 01/11/2006)

Section 2.0: Definitions (Effective 01/11/2006)

Section 3.0: Emissions (Effective 01/11/2006)

Section 4.0: Operating Requirements (Effective 01/11/2006)

Section 5.0: Fuel Requirements (Effective 01/11/2006)

Section 6.0: Record Keeping and Reporting (Effective 01/11/2006)

Section 7.0: Emissions Certification, Compliance, and Enforcement (Effective 01/11/2006)

Section 8.0: Credit for Concurrent Emissions Reductions (Effective 01/11/2006)

Section 9.0: DVFA Member Companies (Effective 01/11/12006)

7 DE Admin. Code 1145: Excessive Idling of Heavy Duty Vehicles

Section 1.0: Applicability (Effective 04/11/2005)

Section 2.0: Definitions (Effective 04/11/2005)

Section 3.0: Severability (Effective 04/11/2005)

Section 4.0: Operational Requirements for Heavy Duty Motor Vehicles (Effective 04/11/2005)

Section 5.0: Exemptions (Effective 04/11/2005)

Section 6.0: Enforcement and Penalty (Effective 04/11/2005)

7 DE Admin. Code 1146: Electric Generating Unit (EGU) Milti-Pollutant Regulation

Section 1.0: Preamble (Effective 12/11/2006)

Section 2.0: Applicability (Effective 12/11/2006)

Section 3.0: Definitions (Effective 12/11/2006)

Section 4.0: NOX Emissions Limitations (Effective 12/11/2006)

Section 5.0: SO2 Emissions Limitations (Effective 12/11/2006)

Section 6.0: Mercury Emissions Limitations (Effective 12/11/2006)

Section 7.0: Record Keeping and Reporting (Effective 12/11/2006)

Section 8.0: Compliance Plan (Effective 12/11/2006)

Section 9.0: Penalties (Effective 12/11/2006)

7 DE Admin. Code 1147: CO2 Budget Trading Program

Section 1.0: CO2 Budget Trading Program General Provisions (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 2.0: CO2 Authorized Account Representative for CO2 Budget Source (Effective 11/11/2008)

Section 3.0: Permits (Effective 11/11/2018)

Section 4.0: Compliance Certification (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 5.0: CO2 Allowance Allocations (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 6.0: CO2 Allowance Tracking System (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 7.0: CO2 Allowance Transfers (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 8.0: Monitoring and Reporting (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 9.0: Auction of CO2 CCR allowances (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 10.0: CO2 Emissions Offset Projects (Effective 12/11/2013)

Section 11.0: CO2 Emissions Auction (Effective 12/11/2013)

7 DE Admin. Code 1148: Control of Stationary Combustion Turbine Electric Generating Unit Emissions

Section 1.0: Purpose (Effective 07/11/2007)

Section 2.0: Applicability (Effective 07/11/2007)

Section 3.0: Definitions (Effective 07/11/2007)

Section 4.0: NOX Emissions Limitations (Effective 07/11/2007)

Section 5.0: Monitoring and Reporting (Effective 07/11/2007)

Section 6.0: Recordkeeping (Effective 07/11/2007)

Section 7.0: Penalties (Effective 07/11/2007)

(2) [Reserved]

(b) Local requirements.

Florida

(a) State requirements.

(1) The following requirements are contained in State of Florida Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, January 2, 2008: Florida Administrative Code – Department of Environmental Protection. The following sections of Chapter 62:

CHAPTER 62-4 PERMITS

62-4.001 Scope of Part I (Effective 10/1/07)

62-4.020 Definitions (Effective 4/3/03)

62-4.021 Transferability of Definitions (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.030 General Prohibition (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.040 Exemptions (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.050 Procedure to Obtain Permits and other Authorizations; Applications (Effective 10/31/07)

62-4.055 Permit Processing (Effective 8/16/98)

62-4.060 Consultation (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.070 Standards of Issuing or Denying Permits; Issuance; Denial (Effective 3/28/91)

62-4.080 Modification of Permit Conditions (Effective 3/19/90)

62-4.090 Renewals (Effective 3/16/08)

62-4.100 Suspension and Revocation (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.110 Financial Responsibility (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.120 Transfer of Permits (Effective 4/16/01)

62-4.130 Plant Operation – Problems (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.150 Review (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.160 Permit Conditions (Effective 7/11/93)

62-4.200 Scope of Part II (Effective 10/1/07)

62-4.210 Construction Permits (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.220 Operation Permit for New Sources (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.249 Preservation of Rights (Effective 8/31/88)

62-4.510 Scope of Part III (Effective 10/1/07)

62-4.520 Definition (Effective 7/11/90)

62-4.530 Procedures (Effective 3/19/90)

62-4.540 General Conditions for All General Permits (Effective 8/31/88)

CHAPTER 62-204 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL – GENERAL PROVISIONS

62-204.100 Purpose and Scope (Effective 3/13/96)

62-204.200 Definitions (Effective 2/12/06)

62-204.220 Ambient Air Quality Protection (Effective 3/13/96)

62-204.240 Ambient Air Quality Standards (Effective 3/13/96)

62-204.260 Prevention of Significant Deterioration Maximum Allowable Increases (PSD Increments) (Effective 2/12/06)

62-204.320 Procedures for Designation and Redesignation of Areas (Effective 3/13/96)

62-204.340 Designation of Attainment, Nonattainment, and Maintenance Areas (Effective 3/13/96)

62-204.360 Designation of Prevention of Significant Deterioration Areas (Effective 3/13/96)

62-204.400 Public Notice and Hearing Requirements for State Implementation Plan Revisions (Effective 11/30/94)

62-204.500 Conformity (Effective 9/1/98)

62-204.800 Federal Regulations Effective by Reference (Effective 7/1/08)

CHAPTER 62-210 STATIONARY SOURCES – GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

62-210.100 Purpose and Scope (Effective 1/10/07)

62-210.200 Definitions (Effective 3/16/08)

62-210.220 Small Business Assistance Program (Effective 2/11/99)

62-210.300 Permits Required (Effective 3/16/08)

62-210.310 Air General Permits (Effective 5/9/07)

62-210.350 Public Notice and Comment (Effective 2/2/06)

62-210.360 Administrative Permit Corrections (Effective 3/16/08)

62-210.370 Emissions Computation and Reporting (Effective 7/3/08)

62-210.550 Stack Height Policy (Effective 11/23/94)

62-210.650 Circumvention (Effective 8/26/1981)

62-210.700 Excess Emissions (Effective 11/23/94)

62-210.900 Forms and Instructions (Effective 7/3/08)

62-210.920 Registration Forms for Air General Permits (Effective 5/9/07)

CHAPTER 62-212 STATIONARY SOURCES – PRECONSTRUCTION REVIEW

62-212.100 Purpose and Scope (Effective5/20/97)

62-212.300 General Preconstruction Review Requirements (Effective 2/2/06)

62-212.400 Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) (Effective 7/16/07)

62-212.500 Preconstruction Review for Nonattainment Areas (Effective 2/2/06)

62-212.600 Sulfur Storage and Handling Facilities (Effective 8/17/00)

62-212.710 Air Emissions Bubble (Effective 5/20/97)

62-212.720 Actuals Plantwide Applicability Limits (PALs) (Effective 7/16/07)

CHAPTER 62-213 OPERATION PERMITS FOR MAJOR SOURCES OF AIR POLLUTION

62-213.100 Purpose and Scope (Effective 3/13/96)

62-213.202 Responsible Official (Effective 6/02/02)

62-213.205 Annual Emissions Fee (Effective 3/16/08)

62-213.300 Title V Air General Permits (Effective 4/14/03)

62-213.400 Permits and Permit Revisions Required (Effective 3/16/08)

62-213.405 Concurrent Processing of Permit Applications (Effective 6/02/02)

62-213.410 Changes Without Permit Revision (Effective 6/02/02)

62-213.412 Immediate Implementation Pending Revision Process (Effective 6/02/02)

62-213.413 Fast-Track Revisions of Acid Rain Parts (Effective 6/02/02)

62-213.415 Trading of Emissions Within a Source (Effective 4/16/01)

62-213.420 Permit Applications (Effective 3/16/08)

62-213.430 Permit Issuance, Renewal, and Revision (Effective 3/16/08)

62-213.440 Permit Content (Effective 3/16/08)

62-213.450 Permit Review by EPA and Affected States (Effective 1/03/01)

62-213.460 Permit Shield (Effective 3/16/08)

62-213.900 Forms and Instructions (Effective 4/14/03)

CHAPTER 62-214 REQUIREMENTS FOR SOURCES SUBJECT TO THE FEDERAL ACID RAIN PROGRAM

62-214.100 Purpose and Scope (Effective 3/16/08)

62-214.300 Applicability (Effective 3/16/08)

62-214.320 Applications (Effective 3/16/08)

62-214.330 Acid Rain Compliance Plan and Compliance Options (Effective 3/16/08)

62-214.340 Exemptions (Effective 3/16/08)

62-214.350 Certification (Effective 12/10/97)

62-214.360 Department Action on Applications (Effective 3/16/08)

62-214.370 Revisions and Administrative Corrections (Effective 4/16/01)

62-214.420 Acid Rain Part Content (Effective 3/16/08)

62-214.430 Implementation and Termination of Compliance Options (Effective 3/16/08)

CHAPTER 62-252 GASOLINE VAPOR CONTROL

62-252.100 Purpose and Scope (Effective 2/2/93)

62-252.200 Definitions (Effective 5/9/07)

62-252.300 Gasoline Dispensing Facilities – Stage I Vapor Recovery (Effective 5/9/07)

62-252.400 Gasoline Dispensing Facilities – Stage II Vapor Recovery (Effective 5/9/07)

62-252.500 Gasoline Tanker Trucks or Trailers (Effective 5/9/07)

62-252.900 Form. (Effective 5/9/07)

CHAPTER 62-256 OPEN BURNING AND FROST PROTECTION FIRES

62-256.200 Definitions (Effective 7/6/05)

62-256.300 Prohibitions (Effective 7/6/05)

62-256.700 Open Burning Allowed (Effective 7/6/05)

CHAPTER 62-296 STATIONARY SOURCES-EMISSION STANDARDS

62-296.100 Purpose and Scope (Effective 3/13/96)

62-296.320 General Pollutant Emission Limiting Standards (Effective 3/13/96)

62-296.340 Best Available Retrofit Technology (Effective 1/31/07)

62-296.341 Regional Haze – Reasonable Progress Control Technology (Effective 2/7/08)

62-296.401 Incinerators (Effective 1/10/07)

62-296.402 Sulfuric Acid Plants (Effective 3/13/96)

62-296.403 Phosphate Processing (Effective 3/13/96)

62-296.404 Kraft (Sulfate) Pulp Mills and Tall Oil Plants (Effective 3/13/96)

62-296.405 Fossil Fuel Steam Generators with More Than 250 Million Btu Per Hour Heat Input (Effective 3/2/99)

62-296.406 Fossil Fuel Steam Generators with Less Than 250 Million Btu Per Hour Heat Input, New and Existing Emissions Units (Effective 3/2/99)

62-296.407 Portland Cement Plants (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.408 Nitric Acid Plants (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.409 Sulfur Recovery Plants (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.410 Carbonaceous Fuel Burning Equipment (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.411 Sulfur Storage and Handling Facilities (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.412 Dry Cleaning Facilities (Effective 10/7/96)

62-296.413 Synthetic Organic Fiber Production (Effective 2/12/06)

62-296.414 Concrete Batching Plants (Effective 1/10/07)

62-296.415 Soil Thermal Treatment Facilities (Effective 3/13/96)

62-296.416 Waste-to-Energy Facilities (Effective 10/20/96)

62-296.417 Volume Reduction, Mercury Recovery and Mercury Reclamation (Effective 3/2/99)

62-296.418 Bulk Gasoline Plants (Effective 5/9/07)

62-296.470 Implementation of Federal Clean Air Interstate Rule (Effective 4/1/07)

62-296.480 Implementation of Federal Clean Air Mercury Rule (Effective 9/6/06)

62-296.500 Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) – Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) Emitting Facilities (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.501 Can Coating (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.502 Coil Coating (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.503 Paper Coating (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.504 Fabric and Vinyl Coating (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.505 Metal Furniture Coating (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.506 Surface Coating of Large Appliances (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.507 Magnet Wire Coating (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.508 Petroleum Liquid Storage (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.510 Bulk Gasoline Terminals (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.511 Solvent Metal Cleaning (Effective 10/7/96)

62-296.512 Cutback Asphalt (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.513 Surface Coating of Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.514 Surface Coating of Flat Wood Paneling (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.515 Graphic Arts Systems (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.516 Petroleum Liquid Storage Tanks with External Floating Roofs (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.570 Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) – Requirements for Major VOC and NOX-Emitting Facilities (Effective 3/2/99)

62-296.600 Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) Lead (Effective 3/13/96)

62-296.601 Lead Processing Operations in General (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.602 Primary Lead-Acid Battery Manufacturing Operations (Effective 3/13/96)

62-296.603 Secondary Lead Smelting Operations (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.604 Electric Arc Furnace Equipped Secondary Steel Manufacturing Operations. (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.605 Lead Oxide Handling Operations (Effective 8/8/1994)

62-296.700 Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) Particulate Matter (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.701 Portland Cement Plants (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.702 Fossil Fuel Steam Generators (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.703 Carbonaceous Fuel Burners (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.704 Asphalt Concrete Plants (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.705 Phosphate Processing Operations (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.706 Glass Manufacturing Process (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.707 Electric Arc Furnaces (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.708 Sweat or Pot Furnaces (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.709 Lime Kilns (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.710 Smelt Dissolving Tanks (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.711 Materials Handling, Sizing, Screening, Crushing and Grinding Operations (Effective 1/1/96)

62-296.712 Miscellaneous Manufacturing Process Operations (Effective 1/1/96)

CHAPTER 62-297 STATIONARY SOURCE EMISSIONS MONITORING

62-297.100 Purpose and Scope (Effective 3/13/96)

62-297.310 General Compliance Test Requirements (Effective 3/2/99)

62-297.320 Standards for Persons Engaged in Visible Emissions Observations (Effective 2/12/04)

62-297.401 Compliance Test Methods (Effective 3/2/99)

62-297.440 Supplementary Test Procedures (Effective 10/22/02)

62-297.450 EPA VOC Capture Efficiency Test Procedures (Effective 3/2/99)

62-297.520 EPA Continuous Monitor Performance Specifications (Effective 3/2/99)

62-297.620 Exceptions and Approval of Alternate Procedures and Requirements (Effective 11/23/94)

(b) Local requirements.

(1) [Reserved]

Maryland:

(a) State Requirements.

(1) The following State of Maryland requirements are applicable to OCS Sources, December 6, 2018, State of Maryland-Department of the Environment.

The following sections of Code of Maryland Regulations (COMAR) Title 26 Subtitle 11:

COMAR 26.11.01 – General Administrative Provisions (Effective as of December 6, 2018)

COMAR 26.11.02 – Permits, Approvals, and Registrations (Effective as of February 12, 2018)

COMAR 26.11.03 – Permits, Approvals, and Registration- Title V Permits (Effective as of November 12, 2010)

COMAR 26.11.05 – Air Pollution Episode System (Effective as of November 12, 2010)

COMAR 26.11.06 – General Emission Standards, Prohibitions, and Restrictions (Effective as of July 02, 2013)

COMAR 26.11.07 – Open Fires (Effective as of November 12, 2010)

COMAR 26.11.08 – Control of Incinerators (Effective as of December 6, 2018)

COMAR 26.11.09 – Control of Fuel-Burning Equipment, Stationary Internal Combustion Engines and Certain Fuel-Burning Installations (Effective as of December 6, 2018)

COMAR 26.11.13 – Control of Gasoline and Volatile Organic Compound Storage and Handling (Effective as of July 21, 2014)

COMAR 26.11.15 – Toxic Air Pollutants (Effective as of November 12, 2010)

COMAR 26.11.16 – Procedures Related to Requirements for Toxic Air Pollutants (Effective as of November 12, 2010)

COMAR 26.11.17 – Nonattainment Provisions for Major New Sources and Major Modifications (Effective as of April 09, 2018)

COMAR 26.11.19 – Volatile Organic Compounds from Specific Processes (Effective as of September 28, 2015)

COMAR 26.11.20 – Mobile Sources (Effective as of November 12, 2010)

COMAR 26.11.26 – Conformity (Effective as of November 12, 2010)

COMAR 26.11.35 – Volatile Organic Compounds from Adhesives and Sealants (Effective as of November 12, 2010)

COMAR 26.11.36 – Distributed Generation (Effective as of February 12, 2018)

COMAR 26.11.39 – Architectural and Industrial Maintenance (AIM) Coatings (Effective as of April 2016)

Massachusetts

(a) State requirements.

(Effective 3/9/2018)

(1) The following Commonwealth of Massachusetts requirements are applicable to OCS Sources, March 5, 2021, Commonwealth of Massachusetts – Department of Environmental Protection.

The following sections of 310 CMR 4.00, 310 CMR 6.00, 310 CMR 7.00 and 310 CMR 8.00:

310 CMR 4.00: Timely Action Schedule and Fee Provisions

Section 4.01: Purpose, Authority and General Provisions (Effective 5/1/2020)

Section 4.02: Definitions (Effective 5/1/2020)

Section 4.03: Annual Compliance Assurance Fee (Effective 5/1/2020)

Section 4.04: Permit Application Schedules and Fee (Effective 5/1/2020)

Section 4.10: Appendix: Schedules for Timely Action and Permit Application Fees (Effective 5/1/2020)

310 CMR 6.00: Ambient Air Quality Standards for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts

Section 6.01: Definitions (Effective 6/14/2019)

Section 6.02: Scope (Effective 6/14/2019)

Section 6.03: Reference Conditions (Effective 6/14/2019)

Section 6.04: Standards (Effective 6/14/2019)

310 CMR 7.00: Air Pollution Control

Section 7.00: Statutory Authority; Legend; Preamble; Definitions (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.01: General Regulations to Prevent Air Pollution (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.02: U Plan Approval and Emission Limitations (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.03: U Plan Approval Exemptions: Construction Requirements (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.04: U Fossil Fuel Utilization Facilities (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.05: U Fuels All Districts (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.06: U Visible Emissions (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.07: U Open Burning (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.08: U Incinerators (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.09: U Dust, Odor, Construction and Demolition (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.11: U Transportation Media (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.12: U Source Registration (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.13: U Stack Testing (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.14: U Monitoring Devices and Reports (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.18: U Volatile and Halogenated Organic Compounds (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.19: U Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) for Sources of Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.24: U Organic Material Storage and Distribution (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.25: U Best Available Controls for Consumer and Commercial Products (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.26: Industry Performance Standards (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.60: U Severability (Effective 3/5/2021)

7.70: Massachusetts CO Budget Trading Program (Effective 3/5/2021)

7.71: Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Effective 3/5/2021)

7.72: Reducing Sulfur Hexafluoride Emissions from Gas-insulated Switchgear (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.00: Appendix A (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.00: Appendix B (Effective 3/5/2021)

Section 7.00: Appendix C (Effective 3/5/2021)

310 CMR 8.00: The Prevention and/or Abatement of Air Pollution Episode and Air Pollution Incident Emergencies

Section 8.01: Introduction (Effective 3/9/2018)

Section 8.02: Definitions (Effective 3/9/2018)

Section 8.03: Air Pollution Episode Criteria (Effective 3/9/2018)

Section 8.04: Air Pollution Episode Potential Advisories (Effective 3/9/2018)

Section 8.05: Declaration of Air Pollution Episodes and Incidents (Effective 3/9/2018)

Section 8.06: Termination of Air Pollution Episodes and Incident Emergencies (Effective 3/9/2018)

Section 8.07: Emission Reductions Strategies (Effective 3/9/2018)

Section 8.08: Emission Reduction Plans (Effective 3/9/2018)

Section 8.15: Air Pollution Incident Emergency (Effective 3/9/2018)

Section 8.30: Severability (Effective 3/9/2018)

New Jersey

(a) State requirements.

(1) The following State of New Jersey requirements are applicable to OCS Sources, as of October 6, 2021. New Jersey State Department of Environmental Protection – New Jersey Administrative Code. The following sections of Title 7:

Chapter 27 Subchapter 2 – Control and Prohibition of Open Burning (Effective 6/20/1994)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.2. Open burning for salvage operations

N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.3. Open burning of refuse

N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.4. General provisions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.6. Prescribed burning

N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.7. Emergencies

N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.8. Dangerous material

N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.12. Special permit

N.J.A.C. 7:27-2.13. Fees

Chapter 27 Subchapter 3 – Control and Prohibition of Smoke From Combustion of Fuel (Effective 2/4/2002)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-3.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-3.2. Smoke emissions from stationary indirect heat exchangers

N.J.A.C. 7:27-3.3. Smoke emissions from marine installations

N.J.A.C. 7:27-3.4. Smoke emissions from the combustion of fuel in mobile sources

N.J.A.C. 7:27-3.5. Smoke emissions from stationary internal combustion engines and stationary turbine engines

N.J.A.C. 7:27-3.6. Stack test

N.J.A.C. 7:27-3.7. Exceptions

Chapter 27 Subchapter 4 – Control and Prohibition of Particles From Combustion of Fuel (Effective 4/20/2009)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-4.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-4.2. Standards for the emission of particles

N.J.A.C. 7:27-4.3. Performance test principle

N.J.A.C. 7:27-4.4. Emissions tests

N.J.A.C. 7:27-4.6. Exceptions

Chapter 27 Subchapter 5 – Prohibition of Air Pollution (Effective 10/12/1977)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-5.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-5.2. General provisions

Chapter 27 Subchapter 6 – Control and Prohibition of Particles From Manufacturing Processes (Effective 6/12/1998)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-6.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-6.2. Standards for the emission of particles

N.J.A.C. 7:27-6.3. Performance test principles

N.J.A.C. 7:27-6.4. Emissions tests

N.J.A.C. 7:27-6.5. Variances

N.J.A.C. 7:27-6.7. Exceptions

Chapter 27 Subchapter 7 – Sulfur (Effective 11/6/2017)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-7.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-7.2. Control and prohibition of air pollution from sulfur compounds

Chapter 27 Subchapter 8 – Permits and Certificates for Minor Facilities (and Major Facilities Without an Operating Permit) (Effective 4/6/2020)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.2. Applicability

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.3. General provisions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.4. How to apply, register, submit a notice, or renew

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.5. Air quality impact analysis

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.6. Service fees

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.7. Operating certificates

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.8. General permits

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.9. Environmental improvement pilot tests

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.11. Standards for issuing a permit

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.12. State of the art

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.13. Conditions of approval

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.14. Denials

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.15. Reporting requirements

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.16. Revocation

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.17. Changes to existing permits and certificates

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.18. Permit revisions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.19. Compliance plan changes

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.20. Seven-day notice changes

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.21. Amendments

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.23. Reconstruction

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.24. Special provisions for construction but not operation

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.25. Special provisions for pollution control equipment or pollution prevention process modifications

N.J.A.C. 7:27-8.27. Special facility-wide permit provisions

Appendix 1

Chapter 27 Subchapter 9 – Sulfur in Fuels (Effective 9/20/2010)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-9.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-9.2. Sulfur content standards

N.J.A.C. 7:27-9.3. Exemptions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-9.4. Waiver of air quality modeling

Chapter 27 Subchapter 10 – Sulfur in Solid Fuels (Effective 9/6/2011)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-10.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-10.2. Sulfur contents standards

N.J.A.C. 7:27-10.3. Expansion, reconstruction, or construction of solid fuel burning units

N.J.A.C. 7:27-10.4. Exemptions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-10.5. SO2 emission rate determinations

Chapter 27 Subchapter 11 – Incinerators (Effective 5/4/1998)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-11.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-11.2. Construction standards

N.J.A.C. 7:27-11.3. Emission standards

N.J.A.C. 7:27-11.4. Permit to construct; certificate to operate

N.J.A.C. 7:27-11.5. Operation

N.J.A.C. 7:27-11.6. Exceptions

Chapter 27 Subchapter 12 – Prevention and Control of Air Pollution Emergencies (Effective 5/20/1974)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-12.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-12.2. Emergency criteria

N.J.A.C. 7:27-12.3. Criteria for emergency termination

N.J.A.C. 7:27-12.4. Standby plans

N.J.A.C. 7:27-12.5. Standby orders

Table I Emission Reduction Objectives

Table II Emission Reduction Objectives

Table III Emission Reduction Objectives

Chapter 27 Subchapter 16 – Control and Prohibition of Air Pollution by Volatile Organic Compounds (Effective 1/16/2018)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.1A. Purpose, scope, applicability, and severability

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.2. VOC stationary storage tanks

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.3. Gasoline transfer operations

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.4. VOC transfer operations, other than gasoline

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.5. Marine tank vessel loading and ballasting operations

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.6. Open top tanks and solvent cleaning operations

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.7. Surface coating and graphic arts operations

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.8. Boilers

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.9. Stationary combustion turbines

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.10. Stationary reciprocating engines

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.12. Surface coating operations at mobile equipment repair and refinishing facilities

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.13. Flares

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.16. Other source operations

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.17. Alternative and facility-specific VOC control requirements

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.18. Leak detection and repair

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.19. Application of cutback and emulsified asphalts

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.21. Natural gas pipelines

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.22. Emission information, record keeping and testing

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.23. Procedures for demonstrating compliance

N.J.A.C. 7:27-16.27. Exceptions

Appendix I

Appendix II

Chapter 27 Subchapter 18 – Control and Prohibition of Air Pollution From New or Altered Sources Affecting Ambient Air Quality (Emission Offset Rules) (Effective 11/6/2017)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.2. Facilities subject to this subchapter

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.3. Standards for issuance of permits

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.4. Air quality impact analysis

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.5. Standards for use of emission reductions as emission offsets

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.6. Emission offset postponement

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.7. Determination of a net emission increase or a significant net emission increase

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.8. Banking of emission reductions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.9. Secondary emissions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.10. Exemptions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-18.12. Civil or criminal penalties for failure to comply

Chapter 27 Subchapter 19 – Control and Prohibition of Air Pollution From Oxides of Nitrogen (Effective 1/16/2018)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.2. Purpose, scope and applicability

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.3. General provisions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.4. Boilers serving electric generating units

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.5. Stationary combustion turbines

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.6. Emissions averaging

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.7. Industrial/commercial/institutional boilers and other indirect heat exchangers

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.8. Stationary reciprocating engines

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.11. Emergency generators – recordkeeping

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.13. Alternative and facility-specific NOX emission limits

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.14. Procedures for obtaining approvals under this subchapter

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.15. Procedures and deadlines for demonstrating compliance

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.16. Adjusting combustion processes

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.17. Source emissions testing

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.18. Continuous emissions monitoring

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.19. Recordkeeping and recording

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.20. Fuel switching

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.21. Phased compliance – repowering

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.23. Phased compliance – use of innovative control technology

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.25. Exemption for emergency use of fuel oil

N.J.A.C. 7:27-19.26. Penalties

Chapter 27 Subchapter 20 – Used Oil Combustion (Effective 9/6/2011)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-20.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-20.2. General provisions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-20.3. Burning of on-specification used oil in space heaters covered by a registration

N.J.A.C. 7:27-20.4. Burning of on-specification used oil in space heaters covered by a permit

N.J.A.C. 7:27-20.5. Demonstration that used oil is on-specification

N.J.A.C. 7:27-20.6. Burning of on-specification oil in other combustion units

N.J.A.C. 7:27-20.7. Burning of off-specification used oil

N.J.A.C. 7:27-20.8. Ash standard

N.J.A.C. 7:27-20.9. Exception

Chapter 27 Subchapter 21 – Emission Statements (Effective 1/16/2018)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.2. Applicability

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.3. General provisions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.4. Procedures for submitting an emission statement

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.5. Required contents of an emission statement

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.6. Methods to be used for quantifying actual emissions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.7. Recordkeeping requirements

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.8. Certification of information

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.9. Request for extensions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.10. Determination of non-applicability

N.J.A.C. 7:27-21.11. Severability

Appendix 1

Chapter 27 Subchapter 22 – Operating Permits (Effective 11/2/2020)

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.2. Applicability

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.3. General provisions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.4. General application procedures

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.5. Application procedures for initial operating permits

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.6. Operating permit application contents

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.7. Application shield

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.8. Air quality simulation modeling and risk assessment

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.9. Compliance plans

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.10. Completeness reviews

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.11. Public comment

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.12. EPA comment

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.13. Final action on an application

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.14. General operating permits

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.15. Temporary facility operating permits

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.16. Operating permit contents

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.17. Permit shield

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.18. Source emissions testing and monitoring

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.19. Recordkeeping, reporting and compliance certification

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.20. Administrative amendments

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.21. Changes to insignificant source operations

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.22. Seven-day-notice changes

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.23. Minor modifications

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.24. Significant modifications

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.24A. Reconstruction

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.25. Department initiated operating permit modifications

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.26. MACT and GACT standards

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.27. Operating scenarios

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.28A. Emissions trading

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.28B. Facility-specific emissions averaging programs

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.29. Facilities subject to acid deposition control

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.30. Renewals

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.31. Fees

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.32. Hearings and appeals

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.33. Preconstruction review

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.34. Early reduction of HAP emissions

N.J.A.C. 7:27-22.35. Advances in the art of air pollution

Appendix

Table A

Chapter 27B Subchapter 1 – Sampling and Analytical Procedures for Determining Emissions of Particles From Manufacturing Processes and From Combustion of Fuels (Effective 6/21/1976)

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.2. Acceptable test methods

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.3. Operating conditions during the test

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.4. Sampling facilities to be provided by the person responsible for emissions

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.5. Sampling train

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.6. Performance test principle

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.7. General testing requirements

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.8. Required test data

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.9. Preparation for sampling

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.10. Sampling

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.11. Sample recovery

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.12. Analysis

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.13. Calculations

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-1.14. Validation of test

Chapter 27B Subchapter 2 – Procedures for Visual Determination of the Opacity (Percent) and Shade or Appearance (Ringelmann Number) of Emissions From Sources (Effective 6/21/1976)

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-2.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-2.2. Acceptable observation methods

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-2.3. Observation principle

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-2.4. General observation requirements

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-2.5. Required observation data

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-2.6. Certification

References

Appendix

Chapter 27B Subchapter 3 – Air Test Method 3: Sampling and Analytical Procedures for the Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds From Source Operations (Effective 12/1/2008)

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.1. Definitions

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.2. Sampling and analytical protocol: Acceptable test methods

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.3. Operating conditions during the test

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.4. Sampling facilities

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.5. Source operations and applicable test methods

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.6. Procedures for the determinations of vapor pressures of a single known VOC or mixtures of known and/or unknown VOC

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.7. Procedures for the direct measurement of volatile organic compounds using a flame ionization detector (FID), a photoionization detector (PID) or a non-dispersive infrared analyzer (NDIR)

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.8. Procedures for the direct measurement of volatile organic compounds using a gas chromatograph (GC) with a flame ionization detector (FID) or other suitable detector

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.9. Procedures for the sampling and remote analysis of known volatile organic compounds using a gas chromatograph (GC) with a flame ionization detector (FID) or other suitable detector

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.10. Procedures for the determination of volatile organic compounds in surface coating formulations

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.11. Procedures for the determination of volatile organic compounds emitted from transfer operations using a flame ionization detector (FID) or non-dispersive infrared analyzer (NDIR)

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.12. Procedures for the determination of volatile organic compounds in cutback and emulsified asphalts

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.13. Procedures for the determination of leak tightness of gasoline delivery vessels

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.14. Procedures for the direct detection of fugitive volatile organic compound leaks

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.15. Procedures for the direct detection of fugitive volatile organic compound leaks from gasoline tank trucks and vapor collection systems using a combustible gas detector

N.J.A.C. 7:27B-3.18. Test methods and sources incorporated by reference.

New York

(a) State requirements.

(1) The following State of New York requirements are applicable to OCS Sources, as of March 10, 2022. New York Environmental Conservation Law – Department of Environmental Conservation. The following sections of Title 6, Chapter III:

Subchapter A. Prevention and Control of Air Contamination and Air Pollution

Part 200. General Provisions

6 NYCRR 200.1. Definitions (effective 4/2/2020)

6 NYCRR 200.3. False Statement (effective 6/16/1972)

6 NYCRR 200.4. Severability (effective 8/9/1984)

6 NYCRR 200.6. Acceptable Ambient Air Quality (effective 4/6/1983)

6 NYCRR 200.7. Maintenance of Equipment (effective 2/22/1979)

6 NYCRR 200.9. Referenced Material (effective 2/11/2021)

Part 201. Permits and Certificates

6 NYCRR 201-1.1. Purpose and applicability (effective 2/22/2013)

6 NYCRR 201-1.4. Malfunctions and start-up/shutdown activities (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 201-1.5. Emergency defense (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 201-1.7. Recycling and salvage (effective 2/22/2013)

6 NYCRR 201-1.8. Prohibition of reintroduction of collected contaminants to the air (effective 2/22/2013)

6 NYCRR 201-1.11. Temporary emission sources (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 201-1.12. Suspension, reopening, reissuance, modification, or revocation of air permits (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 201-2. Definitions (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 201-4. Minor Facility Registration (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 201-5. State Facility Permits (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 201-6. Title V Facility Permits (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 201-7. Federally Enforceable Emission Caps (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 201-8. General Permits (effective 2/22/2013)

6 NYCRR 201-9. Tables (effective 2/25/2021)

Part 202. Emissions Verification

6 NYCRR 202-1. Emissions Testing, Sampling and Analytical Determinations (effective 9/30/2010)

6 NYCRR 202-2. Emission Statements (effective 12/3/2020)

Part 207. Control Measures for an Air Pollution Episode (effective 2/22/1979)

Part 211. General Prohibitions (effective 1/1/2011)

Part 212. Process Operations (effective 6/13/2015)

Part 215. Open Fires (effective 10/14/2009)

Part 219. Incinerators

6 NYCRR 219-1. Incineration – General Provisions (effective 3/15/2020)

6 NYCRR 219-2. Municipal and Private Solid Waste Incineration Facilities (effective 5/21/2005)

6 NYCRR 219-10. Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) For Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) at Municipal and Private Solid Waste Incineration Units (effective 3/15/2020)

Part 221. Asbestos-Containing Surface Coating Material (effective 9/29/1972)

Part 222. Distributed Generation Sources (effective 3/26/2020)

Part 225. Fuel Consumption and Use

6 NYCRR 225-1. Fuel Composition and Use – Sulfur Limitations (effective 2/4/2021)

6 NYCRR 225-2. Fuel Composition and Use – Waste Oil as a Fuel (effective 4/2/2020)

6 NYCRR 225-3. Fuel Composition and Use – Gasoline (effective 11/4/2001)

6 NYCRR 225-4. Motor Vehicle Diesel Fuel (effective 5/8/2005)

Part 226. Solvent Metal Cleaning Processes and Industrial Cleaning Solvents (effective 11/1/2019)

Part 227. Stationary Combustion Installations

6 NYCRR 227-1. Stationary Combustion Installations (effective 2/25/2000)

6 NYCRR 227-2. Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT) for Major Facilities of Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) (effective 12/7/2019)

6 NYCRR 227-3. Ozone Season Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Emission Limits for Simple Cycle and Regenerative Combustion Turbines (effective 1/16/2020)

Part 228. Surface Coating Processes, Commercial and Industrial Adhesives, Sealants and Primers (effective 6/5/2013)

Part 229. Petroleum and Volatile Organic Liquid Storage and Transfer (effective 4/4/1993)

Part 230. Gasoline Dispensing Sites and Transport Vehicles (effective 2/11/2021)

Part 231. New Source Review for New and Modified Facilities

6 NYCRR 231-3. General Provisions (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 231-4. Definitions (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 231-5. New Major Facilities and Modifications to Existing Non-Major Facilities in Nonattainment Areas, and Attainment Areas of the State Within the Ozone Transport Region (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 231-6. Modifications to Existing Major Facilities in Nonattainment Areas and Attainment Areas of the State Within the Ozone Transport Region (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 231-7. New Major Facilities and Modifications to Existing Non-Major Facilities in Attainment Areas (Prevention of Significant Deterioration) (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 231-8. Modifications to Existing Major Facilities in Attainment Areas (Prevention of Significant Deterioration) (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 231-9. Plantwide Applicability Limitation (PAL) (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 231-10. Emission Reduction Credits (ERCs) (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 231-11. Permit and Reasonable Possibility Requirements (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 231-12. Ambient Air Quality Impact Analysis (effective 2/25/2021)

6 NYCRR 231-13. Tables and Emission Thresholds (effective 2/25/2021)

Part 241. Asphalt Pavement and Asphalt Based Surface Coating (effective 1/1/2011)

Part 242. CO2 Budget Trading Program

6 NYCRR 242-1. CO2 Budget Trading Program General Provisions (effective 12/31/2020)

6 NYCRR 242-2. CO2 Authorized Account Representative for CO2 Budget Sources (effective 12/31/2020)

6 NYCRR 242-3. Permits (effective 1/1/2014)

6 NYCRR 242-4. Compliance Certification (effective 1/1/2014)

6 NYCRR 242-5. CO2 Allowance Allocations (effective 12/31/2020)

6 NYCRR 242-6. CO2 Allowance Tracking System (effective 12/31/2020)

6 NYCRR 242-7. CO2 Allowance Transfers (effective 1/1/2014)

6 NYCRR 242-8. Monitoring and Reporting (effective 12/31/2020)

6 NYCRR 242-10. CO2 Emissions Offset Projects (effective 12/31/2020)

Part 243. CSAPR NOX Ozone Season Group 2 Trading Program (effective 1/2/2019)

Part 244. CSAPR NOX Annual Trading Program (effective 1/2/2019)

Part 245. CSAPR SO2 Group 1 Trading Program (effective 1/2/2019)

Subchapter B. Air Quality Classifications and Standards

Part 256. Air Quality Classifications System (effective 5/1/1972)

Part 257. Air Quality Standards

6 NYCRR 257-1. Air Quality Standards-General (effective 12/6/2019)

6 NYCRR 257-2. Air Quality Standards-Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) (effective 3/18/1977)

6 NYCRR 257-3. Air Quality Standards-Particulates (effective 12/6/2019)

6 NYCRR 257-4. Ambient Air Quality Standards-Fluorides (effective 12/6/2019)

6 NYCRR 257-5. Ambient Air Quality Standards-Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) (effective 12/6/2019)

Subchapter C. Air Quality Area Classifications

Part 287. Nassau County (effective 5/1/1972)

Part 288. New York City (effective 5/1/1972)

Part 307. Suffolk County (effective 5/1/1972)

Part 315. Westchester County (effective 5/1/1972)

North Carolina

(a) State requirements.

(1) The following requirements are contained in State of North Carolina Air Pollution Control Requirements Applicable to OCS Sources, January 2, 2008: The following sections of subchapter 2D, 2H and 2Q.

15A NCAC SUBCHAPTER 2D – AIR POLLUTION CONTROL REQUIREMENTS

SECTION .0100 – DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCES

2D.0101 Definitions (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.0104 Incorporation by reference (Effective 07/01/1998)

SECTION .0200 – AIR POLLUTION SOURCES

2D.0201 Classification of air pollution sources (Effective 07/01/1984)

2D.0202 Registration of air pollution sources (Effective 07/01/1998)

SECTION .0300 – AIR POLLUTION EMERGENCIES

2D.0301 Purpose (Effective 02/01/1976)

2D.0302 Episode criteria (Effective 07/01/1998)

2D.0303 Emission reduction plans (Effective 07/01/1984)

2D.0304 Preplanned abatement program (Effective 07/01/1998)

2D.0305 Emission reduction plan: Alert Level (Effective 07/01/1984)

2D.0306 Emission reduction plan: Warning Level (Effective 07/01/1984)

2D.0307 Emission reduction plan: Emergency Level (Effective 07/01/1984)

SECTION .0400 – AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS

2D.0401 Purpose (Effective 12/01/1992)

2D.0402 Sulfur oxides (Effective 07/01/1984)

2D.0403 Total suspended particulates (Effective 07/01/1988)

2D.0404 Carbon monoxide (Effective 10/01/1989)

2D.0405 Ozone (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0407 Nitrogen dioxide (Effective 10/01/1989)

2D.0408 Lead (Effective 07/01/1984)

2D.0409 PM10 particulate matter (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0410 PM2.5 particulate matter (Effective 04/01/1999)

SECTION .0500 – EMISSION CONTROL STANDARDS

2D.0501 Compliance with emission control standards (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.0502 Purpose (Effective 06/01/1981)

2D.0503 Particulates from fuel burning indirect heat exchangers (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0504 Particulates from wood burning indirect heat exchangers (Effective 08/01/2002)

2D.0506 Particulates from hot mix asphalt plants (Effective 08/01/2004)

2D.0507 Particulates from chemical fertilizer manufacturing plants (Effective 04/01/2003)

2D.0508 Particulates from pulp and paper mills (Effective 07/10/1998)

2D.0509 Particulates from MICA or FELDSPAR processing plants (Effective 04/01/2003)

2D.0510 Particulates from sand, gravel, or crushed stone operations (Effective 07/01/1998)

2D.0511 Particulates from lightweight aggregate processes (Effective 07/01/1998)

2D.0512 Particulates from wood products finishing plants (Effective 01/01/1985)

2D.0513 Particulates from portland cement plants (Effective 07/01/1998)

2D.0514 Particulates from ferrous jobbing foundries (Effective 07/01/1998)

2D.0515 Particulates from miscellaneous industrial processes (Effective 04/01/2003)

2D.0516 Sulfur dioxide emissions from combustion sources (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.0517 Emissions from plants producing sulfuric acid (Effective 01/01/1985)

2D.0519 Control of nitrogen dioxide and nitrogen oxides emissions (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.0521 Control of visible emissions (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.0524 New Source Performance Standards (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.0527 Emissions from spodumene ore roasting (Effective 01/01/1985)

2D.0528 Total reduced sulfur from kraft pulp mills (Effective 07/01/1988)

2D.0529 Fluoride emissions from primary aluminum reduction plants (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.0530 Prevention of significant deterioration (Effective 05/01/2008)

2D.0531 Sources in nonattainment areas (Effective 05/01/2008)

2D.0532 Sources contributing to an ambient violation (Effective (07/01/1994)

2D.0533 Stack height (Effective 07/01/1994)

2D.0534 Fluoride emissions from phosphate fertilizer industry (Effective 11/01/1982)

2D.0535 Excess emissions reporting and malfunctions (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.0536 Particulate emissions from electric utility boilers (Effective 06/10/2008)

2D.0537 Control of mercury emissions (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0538 Control of ethylene oxide emissions (Effective 06/01/2004)

2D.0539 Odor control of feed ingredient manufacturing plants (Effective 04/01/2001)

2D.0540 Particulates from fugitive dust emission sources (Effective 08/01/2007)

2D.0541 Control of emissions from abrasive blasting (Effective 07/01/2000)

2D.0542 Control of particulate emissions from cotton ginning operations (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.0543 Best Available Retrofit Technology (Effective 05/01/2007)

SECTION .0600 – MONITORING: RECORDKEEPING: REPORTING

2D.0601 Purpose and scope (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0602 Definitions (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0604 Exceptions to monitoring and reporting requirements (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0605 General recordkeeping and reporting requirements (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.0606 Sources covered by appendix P of 40 CFR part 51 (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.0607 Large wood and wood-fossil fuel combination units (Effective 07/01/1999)

2D.0608 Other large coal or residual oil burners (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.0610 Federal monitoring requirements (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0611 Monitoring emissions from other sources (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0612 Alternative monitoring and reporting procedures (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0613 Quality assurance program (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0614 Compliance assurance monitoring (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0615 Delegation (Effective 04/01/1999)

SECTION .0900 – VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

2D.0901 Definitions (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.0902 Applicability (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.0903 Recordkeeping: reporting: monitoring (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.0906 Circumvention (Effective 01/01/1985)

2D.0909 Compliance schedules for sources in nonattainment areas (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.0912 General provisions on test methods and procedures (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.0917 Automobile and light-duty truck manufacturing (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0918 Can coating (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0919 Coil coating (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0920 Paper coating (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0921 Fabric and vinyl coating (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0922 Metal furniture coating (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0923 Surface coating of large appliances (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0924 Magnet wire coating (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0925 Petroleum liquid storage in fixed roof tanks (03/01/1991)

2D.0926 Bulk gasoline plants (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0927 Bulk gasoline terminals (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.0928 Gasoline service stations stage I (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0930 Solvent metal cleaning (Effective 03/01/1991)

2D.0931 Cutback asphalt (Effective 12/01/1989)

2D.0932 Gasoline truck tanks and vapor collection systems (Effective 08/01/2008)

2D.0933 Petroleum liquid storage in external floating roof tanks (Effective 06/01/2004)

2D.0934 Coating of miscellaneous metal parts and products (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0935 Factory surface coating of flat wood paneling (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0936 Graphic arts (Effective 12/01/1993)

2D.0937 Manufacture of pneumatic rubber tires (Effective 07/01/1996)

2D.0943 Synthetic organic chemical and polymer manufacturing (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.0944 Manufacture of polyethylene: polypropylene and polystyrene (Effective 05/01/1985)

2D.0945 Petroleum dry cleaning (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.0947 Manufacture of synthesized pharmaceutical products (Effective 07/01/1994)

2D.0948 VOC emissions from transfer operations (Effective 07/01/2000)

2D.0949 Storage of miscellaneous volatile organic compounds (Effective 07/01/2000)

2D.0951 Miscellaneous volatile organic compound emissions (Effective 07/01/2000)

2D.0952 Petition for alternative controls for RACT (Effective 04/01/2003)

2D.0953 Vapor return piping for stage II vapor recovery (Effective 07/01/1998)

2D.0954 Stage II vapor recovery (Effective 04/01/2003)

2D.0955 Thread bonding manufacturing (Effective 05/01/1995)

2D.0956 Glass Christmas ornament manufacturing (Effective 05/01/1995)

2D.0957 Commercial bakeries (Effective 05/01/1995)

2D.0958 Work practices for sources of volatile organic compounds (Effective 07/01/2000)

2D.0959 Petition for superior alternative controls (Effective 04/01/2003)

2D.0960 Certification of leak tightness tester (Effective 07/01/2007)

SECTION .1100 – CONTROL OF TOXIC AIR POLLUTANTS

2D.1101 Purpose (Effective 05/01/1990)

2D.1102 Applicability (Effective 07/01/1998)

2D.1103 Definition (Effective 04/01/2001)

2D.1104 Toxic air pollutant guidelines (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1105 Facility reporting, recordkeeping (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.1106 Determination of ambient air concentration (Effective 07/01/1998)

2D.1107 Multiple facilities (Effective 07/01/1998)

2D.1108 Multiple pollutants (Effective 05/01/1990)

2D.1109 112(j) case-by-case maximum achievable control technology (Effective 02/01/2004)

2D.1110 National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1111 Maximum Achievable Control Technology (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.1112 112(g) case by case maximum achievable control technology (Effective 07/01/1998)

SECTION .1200 – CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM INCINERATORS

2D.1201 Purpose and scope (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.1202 Definitions (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.1203 Hazardous waste incinerators (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1204 Sewage sludge and sludge incinerators (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1205 Municipal waste combustors (Effective 04/01/2004)

2D.1206 Hospital, medical, and infectious waste incinerators (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1207 Conical incinerators (Effective 07/01/2000)

2D.1208 Other incinerators (Effective 08/01/2008)

2D.1210 Commercial and industrial solid waste incineration units (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1211 Other solid waste incineration units (Effective 07/01/2007)

SECTION .1300 – OXYGENATED GASOLINE STANDARD

2D.1301 Purpose (Effective 09/01/1996)

2D.1302 Applicability (Effective 09/01/1996)

2D.1303 Definitions (Effective 09/01/1992)

2D.1304 Oxygen content standard (Effective 09/01/1996)

2D.1305 Measurement and enforcement (Effective 07/01/1998)

SECTION .1400 – NITROGEN OXIDES

2D.1401 Definitions (Effective 07/18/2002)

2D.1402 Applicability (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1403 Compliance schedules (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.1404 Recordkeeping: Reporting: Monitoring: (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.1405 Circumvention (Effective 04/01/1995)

2D.1407 Boilers and indirect-fired process heaters (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1408 Stationary combustion turbines (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1409 Stationary internal combustion engines (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1410 Emissions averaging (Effective 07/18/2002)

2D.1411 Seasonal fuel switching (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1412 Petition for alternative limitations (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.1413 Sources not otherwise listed in this section (Effective 07/18/2002)

2D.1414 Tune-up requirements (Effective 07/18/2002)

2D.1415 Test methods and procedures (Effective 07/18/2002)

2D.1416 Emission allocations for utility companies (Effective 06/01/2004)

2D.1417 Emission allocations for large combustion sources (Effective 06/01/2004)

2D.1418 New electric generating units, large boilers, and large I/C engines (Effective 06/01/2004)

2D.1419 Nitrogen oxide budget trading program (Effective 06/01/2004)

2D.1420 Periodic review and reallocations (Effective 07/18/2002)

2D.1421 Allocations for new growth of major point sources (Effective 07/18/2002)

2D.1422 Compliance supplement pool credits (Effective 06/01/2004)

2D.1423 Large internal combustion engines (Effective 07/18/2002)

SECTION .1600 – GENERAL CONFORMITY

2D.1601 Purpose, scope and applicability (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.1602 Definitions (Effective 04/01/1995)

2D.1603 General conformity determination (Effective 07/01/1998)

SECTION .1900 – OPEN BURNING

2D.1901 Open burning: Purpose: Scope (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.1902 Definitions (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.1903 Open burning without an air quality permit (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.1904 Air curtain burners (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.1905 Regional office locations (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.1906 Delegation to county governments (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.1907 Multiple violations arising from a single episode (Effective 07/01/2007)

SECTION .2000 – TRANSPORTATION CONFORMITY

2D.2001 Purpose, scope and applicability (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.2002 Definitions (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.2003 Transportation conformity determination (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.2004 Determining transportation-related emissions (Effective 04/01/1999)

2D.2005 Memorandum of agreement (Effective 04/01/1999)

SECTION .2100 – RISK MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

2D.2101 Applicability (Effective 07/01/2000)

2D.2102 Definitions (Effective 07/01/2000)

2D.2103 Requirements (Effective 07/01/2000)

2D.2104 Implementation (Effective 07/01/2000)

SECTION .2200 – SPECIAL ORDERS

2D.2201 Purpose (Effective 04/01/2004)

2D.2202 Definitions (Effective 04/01/2004)

2D.2203 Public notice (Effective 04/01/2004)

2D.2204 Final action on consent orders (Effective 04/01/2004)

2D.2205 Notification of right to contest special orders issued without (Effective 04/01/2004)

SECTION .2300 – BANKING EMISSION REDUCTION CREDITS

2D.2301 Purpose (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.2302 Definitions (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.2303 Applicability and eligibility (Effective 07/01/2007)

2D.2304 Qualification of emission reduction credits (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.2305 Creating and banking emission reduction credits (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.2306 Duration of emission reduction credits (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.2307 Use of emission reduction credits (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.2308 Certificates and registry (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.2309 Transferring emission reduction credits (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.2310 Revocation and changes of emission reduction credits (Effective 12/01/2005)

2D.2311 Monitoring (Effective 12/01/2005)

SECTION .2400 – CLEAN AIR INTERSTATE RULES

2D.2401 Purpose and applicability (Effective 05/01/2008)

2D.2402 Definitions (Effective 05/01/2008)

2D.2403 Nitrogen oxide emissions (Effective 05/01/2008)

2D.2404 Sulfur dioxide (Effective 05/01/2008)

2D.2405 Nitrogen oxide emissions during ozone season (Effective 05/01/2008)

2D.2406 Permitting (Effective 07/01/2006)

2D.2407 Monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping (Effective 05/01/2008)

2D.2408 Trading program and banking (Effective 07/01/2006)

2D.2409 Designated representative (Effective 05/01/2008)

2D.2410 Computation of time (Effective 07/01/2006)

2D.2411 Opt-in provisions (Effective 07/01/2006)

2D.2412 New unit growth (Effective 05/01/2008)

2D.2413 Periodic review and reallocations (Effective 07/01/2006)

SECTION .2500 – MERCURY RULES FOR ELECTRIC GENERATORS

2D.2501 Purpose and applicability (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.2502 Definitions (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.2503 Mercury emission (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.2504 Permitting (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.2505 Monitoring, Reporting, and Recordkeeping (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.2506 Designated representative (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.2507 Computation of time time periods shall be determined as described in 40 CFR 60.4107 (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.2508 New source growth (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.2509 Periodic review and reallocations (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.2510 Trading program and banking (Effective 01/01/2007)

2D.2511 Mercury emission limits (Effective 01/01/2007)

SECTION .2600 – SOURCE TESTING

2D.2601 Purpose and scope (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2602 General provisions on test methods and procedures (Effective 07/01/2008)

2D.2603 Testing protocol (Effective 07/01/2008)

2D.2604 Number of test points (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2605 Velocity and volume flow rate (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2606 Molecular weight (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2607 Determination of moisture content (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2608 Number of runs and compliance determination (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2609 Particulate testing methods (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2610 Opacity (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2611 Sulfur dioxide testing methods (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2612 Nitrogen oxide testing methods (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2613 Volatile organic compound testing methods (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2614 Determination of voc emission control system efficiency (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2615 Determination of leak tightness and vapor leaks (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2616 Fluorides (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2617 Total reduced sulfur (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2618 Mercury (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2619 Arsenic, beryllium, cadmium, hexavalent chromium (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2620 Dioxins and furans (Effective 06/01/2008)

2D.2621 Determination of fuel heat content using f-factor (Effective 06/01/2008)

SUBCHAPTER 02Q – AIR QUALITY PERMITS PROCEDURES

SECTION .0100 – GENERAL PROVISIONS

2Q.0101 Required air quality permits (Effective 12/01/2005)

2Q.0102 Activities exempted from permit requirements (Effective 07/01/2007)

2Q.0103 Definitions (Effective 12/01/2005)

2Q.0104 Where to obtain and file permit applications (Effective 08/01/2002)

2Q.0105 Copies of referenced documents (Effective 12/01/2005)

2Q.0106 Incorporation by reference (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0107 Confidential information (Effective 04/01/1999)

2Q.0108 Delegation of authority (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0109 Compliance schedule for previously exempted activities (Effective 04/01/2001)

2Q.0110 Retention of permit at permitted facility (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0111 Applicability determinations (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0112 Applications requiring professional engineer seal (Effective 02/01/1995)

2Q.0113 Notification in areas without zoning (Effective 04/01/2004)

SECTION .0200 – PERMIT FEES

2Q.0201 Applicability (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0202 Definitions (Effective 04/01/2004)

2Q.0203 Permit and application fees (Effective 03/01/2008)

2Q.0204 Inflation adjustment (Effective 03/01/2008)

2Q.0205 Other adjustments (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0206 Payment of fees (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0207 Annual emissions reporting (Effective 07/01/2007)

SECTION .0300 – CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION PERMITS

2Q.0301 Applicability (Effective 12/01/2005)

2Q.0302 Facilities not likely to contravene demonstration (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0303 Definitions (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0304 Applications (Effective 12/01/2005)

2Q.0305 Application submittal content (Effective 12/01/2005)

2Q.0306 Permits requiring public participation (Effective 07/01/2007)

2Q.0307 Public participation procedures (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0308 Final action on permit applications (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0309 Termination, modification and revocation of permits (Effective 07/01/1999)

2Q.0310 Permitting of numerous similar facilities (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0311 Permitting of facilities at multiple temporary sites (Effective 07/01/1996)

2Q.0312 Application processing schedule (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0313 Expedited application processing schedule (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0314 General permit requirements (Effective 07/01/1999)

2Q.0315 Synthetic minor facilities (Effective 07/01/1999)

2Q.0316 Administrative permit amendments (Effective 04/01/2001)

2Q.0317 Avoidance conditions (Effective 04/01/2001)

2Q.0401 Purpose and applicability (Effective 04/01/2001)

2Q.0402 Acid rain permitting procedures (Effective 04/01/1999)

SECTION .0500 – TITLE V PROCEDURES

2Q.0501 Purpose of section and requirement for a permit (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0502 Applicability (Effective 07/01/2000)

2Q.0503 Definitions (Effective 01/01/2007)

2Q.0504 Option for obtaining construction and operation permit (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0505 Application submittal content (Effective 04/01/2004)

2Q.0507 Application (Effective 04/01/2004)

2Q.0508 Permit content (Effective 08/01/2008)

2Q.0509 Permitting of numerous similar facilities (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0510 Permitting of facilities at multiple temporary sites (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0512 Permit shield and application shield (Effective 07/01/1997)

2Q.0513 Permit renewal and expiration (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0514 Administrative permit amendments (Effective 01/01/2007)

2Q.0515 Minor permit modifications (Effective 07/01/1997)

2Q.0516 Significant permit modification (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0517 Reopening for cause (Effective 07/01/1997)

2Q.0518 Final action (Effective 02/01/1995)

2Q.0519 Termination, modification, revocation of permits (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0520 Certification by responsible official (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0521 Public participation (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0522 Review by EPA and affected states (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0523 Changes not requiring permit revisions (Effective 06/01/2008)

2Q.0524 Ownership change (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0525 Application processing schedule (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0526 112(j) case-by-case MACT procedures (Effective 02/01/2004)

2Q.0527 Expedited application processing schedule (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0528 112(g) case-by-case MACTt procedures (Effective 07/01/1998)

SECTION .0600 – TRANSPORTATION FACILITY PROCEDURES

2Q.0601 Purpose of section and requirement for a permit (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0602 Definitions (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0603 Applications (Effective 02/01/2005)

2Q.0604 Public participation (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0605 Final action on permit applications (Effective 02/01/2005)

2Q.0606 Termination, modification and revocation of permits (Effective 07/01/1994)

2Q.0607 Application processing schedule (Effective 07/01/1998)

SECTION .0700 – TOXIC AIR POLLUTANT PROCEDURES

2Q.0701 Applicability (Effective 02/01/2005)

2Q.0702 Exemptions (Effective 04/01/2005)

2Q.0703 Definitions (Effective 04/01/2001)

2Q.0704 New facilities (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0705 Existing facilities and sic calls (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0706 Modifications (Effective 12/01/2005)

2Q.0707 Previously permitted facilities (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0708 Compliance schedule for previously unknown toxic air pollutant emissions (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0709 Demonstrations (Effective 02/01/2005)

2Q.0710 Public notice and opportunity for public hearing (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0711 Emission rates requiring a permit (Effective 06/01/2008)

2Q.0712 Calls by the director (Effective 07/01/1998)

2Q.0713 Pollutants with otherwise applicable federal standards or requirements (Effective 07/01/1998)

SECTION .0800 – EXCLUSIONARY RULES

2Q.0801 Purpose and scope (Effective 04/01/1999)

2Q.0802 Gasoline service stations and dispensing facilities (Effective 08/01/1995)

2Q.0803 Coating, solvent cleaning, graphic arts operations (Effective 04/01/2001)

2Q.0804 Dry cleaning facilities (Effective 08/01/1995)

2Q.0805 Grain elevators (Effective 04/01/2001)

2Q.0806 Cotton gins (Effective 06/01/2004)

2Q.0807 Emergency generators (Effective 04/01/2001)

2Q.0808 Peak shaving generators (Effective 12/01/2005)

2Q.0809 Concrete batch plants (Effective 06/01/2004)

2Q.0810 Air curtain burners (Effective 12/01/2005)

SECTION .0900 – PERMIT EXEMPTIONS

2Q.0901 Purpose and scope (Effective 01/01/2005)

2Q.0902 Portable crushers (Effective 01/01/2005)

2Q.0903 Emergency generators (Effective 06/01/2008)

(b) Local requirements.

(1) [Reserved]

Virginia:

(a) State Requirements.

(1) The following Commonwealth of Virginia requirements are applicable to OCS Sources, February 20, 2019, Commonwealth of Virginia – Virginia Department of Environmental Quality.

The following sections of Virginia Regulations for the Control and Abatement of Air Pollution Control (VAC), Title 9, Agency 5:

Chapter 10 – General Definitions

(Effective 05/19/2017)

9VAC5-10-10. General.

9VAC5-10-20. Terms defined.

9VAC5-10-30. Abbreviations.

Chapter 20 – General Provisions

(Effective 02/19/2018)

Part I – Administrative

9VAC5-20-10. Applicability.

9VAC5-20-21. Documents incorporated by reference.

9VAC5-20-50. Variances.

9VAC5-20-70. Circumvention.

9VAC5-20-80. Relationship of state regulations to federal regulations.

9VAC5-20-121. Air quality program policies and procedures.

Part II – Air Quality Programs

9VAC5-20-160. Registration.

9VAC5-20-170. Control programs.

9VAC5-20-180. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-20-200. Air quality control regions.

9VAC5-20-203. Maintenance areas.

9VAC5-20-204. Nonattainment areas.

9VAC5-20-205. Prevention of significant deterioration areas.

9VAC5-20-206. Volatile organic compound and nitrogen oxides emission control areas.

9VAC5-20-220. Shutdown of a stationary source.

9VAC5-20-230. Certification of documents.

Chapter 30 – Ambient Air Quality Standards

(Effective 05/15/2017)

9VAC5-30-10. General.

9VAC5-30-15. Reference conditions.

9VAC5-30-30. Sulfur oxides (sulfur dioxide).

9VAC5-30-40. Carbon monoxide.

9VAC5-30-50. Ozone (1-hour).

9VAC5-30-55. Ozone (8-hour, 0.08 ppm).

9VAC5-30-56. Ozone (8-hour, 0.075 ppm).

9VAC5-30-57. Ozone (8-hour, 0.070 ppm).

9VAC5-30-60. Particulate matter (PM10).

9VAC5-30-65. Particulate matter (PM2.5).

9VAC5-30-66. Particulate matter (PM2.5).

9VAC5-30-67. Particulate matter (PM2.5).

9VAC5-30-70. Oxides of nitrogen with nitrogen dioxide as the indicator.

9VAC5-30-80. Lead.

Chapter 40 – Existing Stationary Sources

Part I – Special Provisions

(Effective 12/12/2007)

9VAC5-40-10. Applicability.

9VAC5-40-20. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-21. Compliance schedules.

9VAC5-40-22. Interpretation of emission standards based on process weight-rate tables.

9VAC5-40-30. Emission testing.

9VAC5-40-40. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-41. Emission monitoring procedures for existing sources.

9VAC5-40-50. Notification, records and reporting.

Part II – Emission Standards

Article 1 – Visible Emissions and Fugitive Dust/Emissions

(Effective 02/01/2003)

9VAC5-40-60. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-70. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-80. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-90. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-100. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-110. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-120. Waivers.

Article 4 – General Process Operations

(Effective 12/15/2006)

9VAC5-40-240. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-250. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-260. Standard for particulate matter (AQCR 1-6).

9VAC5-40-270. Standard for particulate matter (AQCR 7).

9VAC5-40-280. Standard for sulfur dioxide.

9VAC5-40-290. Standard for hydrogen sulfide.

9VAC5-40-320. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-330. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-360. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-370. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-380. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-390. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-400. Registration.

9VAC5-40-410. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-420. Permits.

Article 7 – Incinerators

(Effective 01/01/1985)

9VAC5-40-730. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-740. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-750. Standard for particulate matter.

9VAC5-40-760. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-770. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-800. Prohibition of flue-fed incinerators.

9VAC5-40-810. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-820. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-830. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-840. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-850. Registration.

9VAC5-40-860. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-870. Permits.

Article 8 – Fuel Burning Equipment

(Effective 01/01/2002)

9VAC5-40-880. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-890. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-900. Standard for particulate matter.

9VAC5-40-910. Emission allocation system.

9VAC5-40-920. Determination of collection equipment efficiency factor.

9VAC5-40-930. Standard for sulfur dioxide.

9VAC5-40-940. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-950. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-980. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-990. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-1000. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-1010. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-1020. Registration.

9VAC5-40-1030. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-1040. Permits.

Article 14 – Sand-Gravel Processing; Stone Quarrying & Processing

(Effective 01/01/1985)

9VAC5-40-1820. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-1830. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-1840. Standard for particulate matter.

9VAC5-40-1850. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-1860. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-1890. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-1900. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-1910. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-1920. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-1930. Registration.

9VAC5-40-1940. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-1950. Permits.

Article 17 – Woodworking Operations

(Effective 01/01/1985)

9VAC5-40-2250. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-2260. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-2270. Standard for particulate matter.

9VAC5-40-2280. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-2290. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-2320. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-2330. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-2340. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-2350. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-2360. Registration.

9VAC5-40-2370. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-2380. Permits.

Article 18 – Primary and Secondary Metal Operations

(Effective 01/01/1985)

9VAC5-40-2390. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-2400. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-2410. Standard for particulate matter.

9VAC5-40-2420. Standard for sulfur oxides.

9VAC5-40-2430. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-2440. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-2470. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-2480. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-2490. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-2500. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-2510. Registration.

9VAC5-40-2520. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-2530. Permits.

Article 19 – Lightweight Aggregate Process Operations

(Effective 01/01/1985)

9VAC5-40-2540. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-2550. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-2560. Standard for particulate matter.

9VAC5-40-2570. Standard for sulfur oxides.

9VAC5-40-2580. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-2590. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-2620. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-2630. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-2640. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-2650. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-2660. Registration.

9VAC5-40-2670. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-2680. Permits.

Article 24 – Solvent Metal Cleaning Operations

(Effective 03/24/2004)

9VAC5-40-3260. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-3270. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-3280. Standard for volatile organic compounds.

9VAC5-40-3290. Control technology guidelines.

9VAC5-40-3300. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-3310. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-3340. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-3350. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-3360. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-3370. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-3380. Registration.

9VAC5-40-3390. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-3400. Permits.

Article 25 – VOC Storage & Transfer Operations

(Effective 07/01/1991)

9VAC5-40-3410. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-3420. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-3430. Standard for volatile organic compounds.

9VAC5-40-3440. Control technology guidelines.

9VAC5-40-3450. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-3460. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-3490. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-3500. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-3510. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-3520. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-3530. Registration.

9VAC5-40-3540. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-3550. Permits.

Article 34 – Miscellaneous Metal Parts/Products Coating Application

(Effective 02/01/2016)

9VAC5-40-4760. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-4770. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-4780. Standard for volatile organic compounds.

9VAC5-40-4790. Control technology guidelines.

9VAC5-40-4800. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-4810. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-4840. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-4850. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-4860. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-4870. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-4880. Registration.

9VAC5-40-4890. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-4900. Permits.

Article 37 – Petroleum Liquid Storage and Transfer Operations

(Effective 07/30/2015)

9VAC5-40-5200. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-5210. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-5220. Standard for volatile organic compounds.

9VAC5-40-5230. Control technology guidelines.

9VAC5-40-5240. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-5250. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-5280. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-5290. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-5300. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-5310. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-5320. Registration.

9VAC5-40-5330. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-5340. Permits.

Article 41 – Mobile Sources

(Effective 08/01/1991)

9VAC5-40-5650. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-5660. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-5670. Motor vehicles.

9VAC5-40-5680. Other mobile sources.

9VAC5-40-5690. Export/import of motor vehicles.

Article 45 – Commercial/Industrial Solid Waste Incinerators

(Effective 11/16/2016)

9VAC5-40-6250. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-6260. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-6270. Standard for particulate matter.

9VAC5-40-6360. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-6370. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-6400. Operator training and qualification.

9VAC5-40-6410. Waste management plan.

9VAC5-40-6420. Compliance schedule.

9VAC5-40-6430. Operating limits.

9VAC5-40-6440. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-6450. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-6460. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-6470. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-6480. Recordkeeping and reporting.

9VAC5-40-6490. Requirements for air curtain incinerators.

9VAC5-40-6500. Registration.

9VAC5-40-6510. Permits.

9VAC5-40-6520. Documents Incorporated by Reference.

Article 46 – Small Municipal Waste Combustors

(Effective 05/04/2005)

9VAC5-40-6550. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-6560. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-6570. Standard for particulate matter.

9VAC5-40-6580. Standard for carbon monoxide.

9VAC5-40-6590. Standard for dioxins/furans.

9VAC5-40-6600. Standard for hydrogen chloride.

9VAC5-40-6610. Standard for sulfur dioxide.

9VAC5-40-6620. Standard for nitrogen oxides.

9VAC5-40-6630. Standard for lead.

9VAC5-40-6640. Standard for cadmium.

9VAC5-40-6650. Standard for mercury.

9VAC5-40-6660. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-6670. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-6700. Operator training and certification.

9VAC5-40-6710. Compliance schedule.

9VAC5-40-6720. Operating requirements.

9VAC5-40-6730. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-6740. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-6750. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-6760. Recordkeeping.

9VAC5-40-6770. Reporting.

9VAC5-40-6780. Requirements for air curtain incinerators that burn 100 percent yard waste.

9VAC5-40-6790. Registration.

9VAC5-40-6800. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-6810. Permits.

Article 47 – Solvent Cleaning

(Effective 03/24/2004)

9VAC5-40-6820. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-6830. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-6840. Standard for volatile organic compounds.

9VAC5-40-6850. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-6860. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-6890. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-6900. Compliance schedules.

9VAC5-40-6910. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-6920. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-6930. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-6940. Registration.

9VAC5-40-6950. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-6960. Permits.

Article 48 – Mobile Equipment Repair and Refinishing

(Effective 10/01/2013)

9VAC5-40-6970. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-6975. Exemptions.

9VAC5-40-6980. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-6990. Standard for volatile organic compounds.

9VAC5-40-7000. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-7010. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-7040. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-7050. Compliance schedule.

9VAC5-40-7060. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-7070. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-7080. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-7090. Registration.

9VAC5-40-7100. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-7110. Permits.

Article 51 – Stationary Sources Subject to Case-by-Case RACT Determinations

(Effective 12/02/2015)

9VAC5-40-7370. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-7380. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-7390. Standard for volatile organic compounds (1-hour ozone standard)

9VAC5-40-7400. Standard for volatile organic compounds (8-hour ozone standard).

9VAC5-40-7410. Standard for nitrogen oxides (1-hour ozone standard).

9VAC5-40-7420. Standard for nitrogen oxides (8-hour ozone standard).

9VAC5-40-7430. Presumptive reasonably available control technology guidelines for stationary sources of nitrogen oxides.

9VAC5-40-7440. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-7450. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-7480. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-7490. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-40-7500. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-7510. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-40-7520. Registration.

9VAC5-40-7530. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-7540. Permits.

Article 54 – Large Municipal Waste Combustors

(Effective 07/01/2003)

9VAC5-40-7950. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-40-7960. Definitions.

9VAC5-40-7970. Standard for particulate matter.

9VAC5-40-7980. Standard for carbon monoxide.

9VAC5-40-7990. Standard for cadmium.

9VAC5-40-8000. Standard for lead.

9VAC5-40-8010. Standard for mercury.

9VAC5-40-8020. Standard for sulfur dioxide.

9VAC5-40-8030. Standard for hydrogen chloride.

9VAC5-40-8040. Standard for dioxin/furan.

9VAC5-40-8050. Standard for nitrogen oxides.

9VAC5-40-8060. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-40-8070. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-40-8100. Compliance.

9VAC5-40-8110. Compliance schedules.

9VAC5-40-8120. Operating practices.

9VAC5-40-8130. Operator training and certification.

9VAC5-40-8140. Test Methods and Procedures.

9VAC5-40-8150. Monitoring.

9VAC5-40-8160. Notification, Records and Reporting.

9VAC5-40-8170. Registration.

9VAC5-40-8180. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-40-8190. Permits.

Chapter 50 – New and Modified Stationary Sources

Part I – Special Provisions

(Effective 12/12/2007)

9VAC5-50-10. Applicability.

9VAC5-50-20. Compliance.

9VAC5-50-30. Performance testing.

9VAC5-50-40. Monitoring.

9VAC5-50-50. Notification, records and reporting.

Part II – Emission Standards

Article 1 – Visible Emissions and Fugitive Dust/Emissions

(Effective 02/01/2003)

9VAC5-50-60. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-50-70. Definitions.

9VAC5-50-80. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-50-90. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-50-100. Monitoring.

9VAC5-50-110. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-50-120. Waivers.

Article 4 – Stationary Sources

(Effective 11/07/2012)

9VAC5-50-240. Applicability and designation of affected facility.

9VAC5-50-250. Definitions.

9VAC5-50-260. Standard for stationary sources.

9VAC5-50-270. Standard for major stationary sources (nonattainment areas).

9VAC5-50-280. Standard for major stationary sources (prevention of significant deterioration areas).

9VAC5-50-290. Standard for visible emissions.

9VAC5-50-300. Standard for fugitive dust/emissions.

9VAC5-50-330. Compliance.

9VAC5-50-340. Test methods and procedures.

9VAC5-50-350. Monitoring.

9VAC5-50-360. Notification, records and reporting.

9VAC5-50-370. Registration.

9VAC5-50-380. Facility and control equipment maintenance or malfunction.

9VAC5-50-390. Permits.

Article 5 – EPA New Source Performance Standards

(Effective 02/20/2019)

9VAC5-50-400. General.

9VAC5-50-405. Authority to implement and enforce standards as authorized by EPA.

9VAC5-50-410. Designated standards of performance.

9VAC5-50-420. Word or phrase substitutions.

Chapter 60 – Hazardous Air Pollutant Sources

Part I – Special Provisions

(Effective 08/01/2002)

9VAC5-60-10. Applicability.

9VAC5-60-20. Compliance.

9VAC5-60-30. Emission testing.

9VAC5-60-40. Monitoring.

9VAC5-60-50. Notification, records and reporting.

Part II – Emission Standards

Article 1 – EPA National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants

(Effective 02/20/2019)

9VAC5-60-60. General.

9VAC5-60-65. Authority to implement and enforce standards as authorized by EPA.

9VAC5-60-70. Designated emission standards.

9VAC5-60-80. Word or phrase substitutions.

Article 2 – EPA Maximum Achievable Control Technology Standards

(Effective 03/02/2011)

9VAC5-60-90. General.

9VAC5-60-95. Authority to implement and enforce standards as authorized by EPA.

9VAC5-60-100. Designated emission standards.

9VAC5-60-110. Word or phrase substitutions.

Article 3 – Control Technology Determinations for Major Sources of Hazardous Air Pollutants

(Effective 07/01/2004)

9VAC5-60-120. Applicability.

9VAC5-60-130. Definitions.

9VAC5-60-140. Approval process for new and existing affected sources.

9VAC5-60-150. Application content for case-by-case MACT determinations.

9VAC5-60-160. Preconstruction review procedures for new affected sources subject to 9VAC5-60-140 C 1.

9VAC5-60-170. Maximum achievable control technology (MACT) determinations for affected sources subject to case-by-case determination of equivalent emission limitations.

9VAC5-60-180. Requirements for case-by-case determination of equivalent emission limitations after promulgation of a subsequent MACT standard.

Chapter 70 – Air Pollution Episode Prevention

(Effective 04/01/1999)

9VAC5-70-10. Applicability.

9VAC5-70-20. Definitions.

9VAC5-70-30. General.

9VAC5-70-40. Episode determination

9VAC5-70-50. Standby emission reduction plans.

9VAC5-70-60. Control requirements.

9VAC5-70-70. Local air pollution control agency participation.

Chapter 80 – Permits for Stationary Sources

Part II – Permit Procedures

Article 1 – Federal (Title V) Operating Permits for Stationary Sources

(Effective 11/16/2016)

9VAC5-80-50. Applicability.

9VAC5-80-60. Definitions.

9VAC5-80-70. General.

9VAC5-80-80. Applications.

9VAC5-80-90. Application information required.

9VAC5-80-100. Emission caps.

9VAC5-80-110. Permit content.

9VAC5-80-120. General permits.

9VAC5-80-130. Temporary sources.

9VAC5-80-140. Permit shield.

9VAC5-80-150. Action on permit application.

9VAC5-80-160. Transfer of permits.

9VAC5-80-170. Permit renewal and expiration.

9VAC5-80-180. Permanent shutdown for emissions trading.

9VAC5-80-190. Changes to permits.

9VAC5-80-200. Administrative permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-210. Minor permit modifications.

9VAC5-80-220. Group processing of minor permit modifications.

9VAC5-80-230. Significant modification procedures.

9VAC5-80-240. Reopening for cause.

9VAC5-80-250. Malfunction.

9VAC5-80-260. Enforcement.

9VAC5-80-270. Public participation.

9VAC5-80-280. Operational flexibility.

9VAC5-80-290. Permit review by EPA and affected states.

9VAC5-80-300. Voluntary inclusions of additional state-only requirements as applicable state requirements in the permit.

Article 2 – Permit Program (Title V) Fees for Stationary Sources

(Effective 01/01/2018)

9VAC5-80-310. Applicability.

9VAC5-80-320. Definitions.

9VAC5-80-330. General.

9VAC5-80-340. Annual permit program fee calculation prior to January 1, 2018.

9VAC5-80-342. Annual Permit program emissions fee calculation on and after January 2, 2018.

9VAC5-80-350. Annual permit program emissions fee payment.

Article 4 – Insignificant Activities

(Effective 01/01/2001)

9VAC5-80-710. General.

9VAC5-80-720. Insignificant activities.

Article 5 – State Operating Permits

(Effective 12/31/2008)

9VAC5-80-800. Applicability.

9VAC5-80-810. Definitions.

9VAC5-80-820. General.

9VAC5-80-830. Applications.

9VAC5-80-840. Application information required.

9VAC5-80-850. Standards and conditions for granting permits.

9VAC5-80-860. Action on permit application.

9VAC5-80-870. Application review and analysis.

9VAC5-80-880. Compliance determination and verification by testing.

9VAC5-80-890. Monitoring requirements.

9VAC5-80-900. Reporting requirements.

9VAC5-80-910. Existence of permit no defense.

9VAC5-80-920. Circumvention.

9VAC5-80-930. Compliance with local zoning requirements.

9VAC5-80-940. Transfer of permits.

9VAC5-80-950. Termination of permits.

9VAC5-80-960. Changes to permits.

9VAC5-80-970. Administrative permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-980. Minor permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-990. Significant amendment procedures.

9VAC5-80-1000. Reopening for cause.

9VAC5-80-1010. Enforcement.

9VAC5-80-1020. Public participation.

9VAC5-80-1030. General permits.

9VAC5-80-1040. Review and evaluation of article.

Article 6 – Permits for New and Modified Stationary Sources

(Effective 03/27/2014)

9VAC5-80-1100. Applicability.

9VAC5-80-1105. Permit Exemptions.

9VAC5-80-1110. Definitions.

9VAC5-80-1120. General.

9VAC5-80-1140. Applications.

9VAC5-80-1150. Application information required.

9VAC5-80-1160. Action on permit application.

9VAC5-80-1170. Public participation.

9VAC5-80-1180. Standards and conditions for granting permits.

9VAC5-80-1190. Application review and analysis.

9VAC5-80-1200. Compliance determination and verification by performance testing.

9VAC5-80-1210. Permit invalidation, suspension, revocation and enforcement.

9VAC5-80-1220. Existence of permit no defense.

9VAC5-80-1230. Compliance with local zoning requirements.

9VAC5-80-1240. Transfer of permits.

9VAC5-80-1250. General permits.

9VAC5-80-1255. Actions to combine permit terms and conditions.

9VAC5-80-1260. Actions to change permits.

9VAC5-80-1270. Administrative permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-1280. Minor permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-1290. Significant amendment procedures.

9VAC5-80-1300. Reopening for cause.

Article 7 – Permits for New and Reconstructed Major Sources of HAPs

(Effective 12/31/2008)

9VAC5-80-1400. Applicability.

9VAC5-80-1410. Definitions.

9VAC5-80-1420. General.

9VAC5-80-1430. Applications.

9VAC5-80-1440. Application information required.

9VAC5-80-1450. Action on permit application.

9VAC5-80-1460. Public participation.

9VAC5-80-1470. Standards and conditions for granting permits.

9VAC5-80-1480. Application review and analysis.

9VAC5-80-1490. Compliance determination and verification by performance testing.

9VAC5-80-1500. Permit invalidation, rescission, revocation and enforcement.

9VAC5-80-1510. Existence of permit no defense.

9VAC5-80-1520. Compliance with local zoning requirements.

9VAC5-80-1530. Transfer of permits.

9VAC5-80-1540. Changes to permits.

9VAC5-80-1550. Administrative permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-1560. Minor permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-1570. Significant amendment procedures.

9VAC5-80-1580. Reopening for cause.

9VAC5-80-1590. Requirements for constructed or reconstructed major sources subject to a subsequently promulgated MACT standard or MACT requirements.

Article 8 – Permits for Major Stationary Sources and Modifications – PSD Areas

(Effective 08/13/2015)

9VAC5-80-1605. Applicability.

9VAC5-80-1615. Definitions.

9VAC5-80-1625. General.

9VAC5-80-1635. Ambient air increments.

9VAC5-80-1645. Ambient air ceilings.

9VAC5-80-1655. Applications.

9VAC5-80-1665. Compliance with local zoning requirements.

9VAC5-80-1675. Compliance determination and verification by performance testing.

9VAC5-80-1685. Stack heights.

9VAC5-80-1695. Exemptions.

9VAC5-80-1705. Control technology review.

9VAC5-80-1715. Source impact analysis.

9VAC5-80-1725. Air quality models.

9VAC5-80-1735. Air quality analysis.

9VAC5-80-1745. Source information.

9VAC5-80-1755. Additional impact analyses.

9VAC5-80-1765. Sources affecting federal class I areas – additional requirements.

9VAC5-80-1773. Action on permit application.

9VAC5-80-1775. Public participation.

9VAC5-80-1785. Source obligation.

9VAC5-80-1795. Environmental impact statements.

9VAC5-80-1805. Disputed permits.

9VAC5-80-1815. Interstate pollution abatement.

9VAC5-80-1825. Innovative control technology.

9VAC5-80-1865. Actuals plantwide applicability limits (PALs).

9VAC5-80-1915. Actions to combine permit terms and conditions.

9VAC5-80-1925. Actions to change permits.

9VAC5-80-1935. Administrative permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-1945. Minor permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-1955. Significant amendment procedures.

9VAC5-80-1965. Reopening for cause.

9VAC5-80-1975. Transfer of permits.

9VAC5-80-1985. Permit invalidation, suspension, revocation, and enforcement.

9VAC5-80-1995. Existence of permit no defense.

Article 9 – Permits for Major Stationary Sources and Modifications – Nonattainment Areas

(Effective 05/15/2017)

9VAC5-80-2000. Applicability.

9VAC5-80-2010. Definitions.

9VAC5-80-2020. General.

9VAC5-80-2030. Applications.

9VAC5-80-2040. Application information required.

9VAC5-80-2050. Standards and conditions for granting permits.

9VAC5-80-2060. Action on permit application.

9VAC5-80-2070. Public participation.

9VAC5-80-2080. Compliance determination and verification by performance testing.

9VAC5-80-2090. Application review and analysis.

9VAC5-80-2091. Source obligation.

9VAC5-80-2110. Interstate pollution abatement.

9VAC5-80-2120. Offsets.

9VAC5-80-2130. De minimis increases and stationary source modification alternatives for ozone nonattainment areas classified as serious or severe in 9VAC5-20-204.

9VAC5-80-2140. Exemptions.

9VAC5-80-2144. Actuals plantwide applicability limits (PALs).

9VAC5-80-2150. Compliance with local zoning requirements.

9VAC5-80-2170. Transfer of permits.

9VAC5-80-2180. Permit invalidation, suspension, revocation and enforcement.

9VAC5-80-2190. Existence of permit no defense.

9VAC5-80-2195. Actions to combine permit terms and conditions.

9VAC5-80-2200. Actions to change permits.

9VAC5-80-2210. Administrative permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-2220. Minor permit amendments.

9VAC5-80-2230. Significant amendment procedures.

9VAC5-80-2240. Reopening for cause.

Article 10 – Permit Application Fees for Stationary Sources

(Effective 01/01/2018)

9VAC5-80-2250. Applicability.

9VAC5-80-2260. Definitions.

9VAC5-80-2270. General.

9VAC5-80-2280. Permit application fee calculation prior to January 1, 2018.

9VAC5-80-2282. Permit application fee calculation on and after January 1, 2018.

9VAC5-80-2290. Permit application fee payment.

Article 11 – Annual Permit Maintenance Fees for Stationary Sources

(Effective 01/01/2018)

9VAC5-80-2310. Applicability.

9VAC5-80-2320. Definitions.

9VAC5-80-2330. General.

9VAC5-80-2340. Annual Permit Maintenance Fee Calculation Prior to January 1, 2018.

9VAC5-80-2342. Annual Permit Maintenance Fee Calculation on and After January 1, 2018.

9VAC5-80-2350. Annual Permit Maintenance Fee Payment.

Chapter 85 – Permits for Stationary Sources of Pollutants Subject to Regulation

(Effective 08/13/2015)

Part I – Applicability

9VAC5-85-10. Applicability.

Part II – Federal (Title V) Operating Permit Actions

9VAC5-85-20. Federal (Title V) operating permit actions.

9VAC5-85-30. Definitions.

Part III – Prevention of Significant Deterioration Area Permit Actions

9VAC5-85-40. Prevention of Significant Deterioration Area permit actions.

9VAC5-85-50. Definitions.

Part IV – State Operating Permit Actions

9VAC5-85-60. State operating permit actions.

9VAC5-85-70. Definitions.

Chapter 130 – Open Burning

(Effective 07/15/2015)

Part I – General Provisions

9VAC5-130-10. Applicability.

9VAC5-130-20. Definitions.

Part II – Volatile Organic Compound Emissions Control Areas

9VAC5-130-30. Open burning prohibitions.

9VAC5-130-40. Permissible open burning.

Part III – Special Statewide Requirements for Forestry, Agricultural and Highway Programs

9VAC5-130-50. Forest management, agricultural practices and highway construction and maintenance programs.

Chapter 151 – Transportation Conformity

(Effective 11/16/2016)

Part I – General Definitions

9VAC5-151-10. Definitions.

Part II – General Provisions

9VAC5-151-20. Applicability.

9VAC5-151-30. Authority of board and DEQ.

Part III – Criteria and Procedures for Making Conformity Determinations

9VAC5-151-40. General.

9VAC5-151-50. Designated provisions.

9VAC5-151-60. Word or phrase substitutions.

9VAC5-151-70. Consultation.

Chapter 160 – General Conformity

(Effective 05/15/2017)

Part I – General Definitions

9VAC5-160-10. General.

9VAC5-160-20. Terms defined.

Part II – General Provisions

9VAC5-160-30. Applicability.

9VAC5-160-40. Authority of board and department.

9VAC5-160-80. Relationship of state regulations to federal regulations.

Part III – Criteria and Procedures for Making Conformity Determinations

9VAC5-160-110. General.

9VAC5-160-120. Federal agency conformity analysis.

9VAC5-160-130. Reporting requirements.

9VAC5-160-140. Public participation.

9VAC5-160-150. Reevaluation of conformity.

9VAC5-160-160. Criteria for determining conformity of general federal actions.

9VAC5-160-170. Procedures for conformity determinations.

9VAC5-160-180. Mitigation of air quality impacts.

9VAC5-160-190. Savings provision.

(2) [Reserved]

[57 FR 40806, Sept. 4, 1992]

Editorial Note:For Federal Register citations affecting appendix A to part 55, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.

PART 56 – REGIONAL CONSISTENCY

Authority:Sec. 301(a)(2) of the Clean Air Act as amended (42 U.S.C. 7601).

Source:45 FR 85405, Dec. 24, 1980, unless otherwise noted.

§ 56.1 Definitions.

As used in this part, all terms not defined herein have the meaning given them in the Clean Air Act.

Act means the Clean Air Act as amended (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.).

Administrator, Deputy Administrator, Assistant Administrator, General Counsel, Associate General Counsel, Deputy Assistant Administrator, Regional Administrator, Headquarters, Staff Office, Operational Office, and Regional Office are described in part 1 of this title.

Mechanism means an administrative procedure, guideline, manual, or written statement.

Program directive means any formal written statement by the Administrator, the Deputy Administrator, the Assistant Administrator, a Staff Office Director, the General Counsel, a Deputy Assistant Administrator, an Associate General Counsel, or a division Director of an Operational Office that is intended to guide or direct Regional Offices in the implementation or enforcement of the provisions of the act.

Responsible official means the EPA Administrator or any EPA employee who is accountable to the Administrator for carrying out a power or duty delegated under section 301(a)(1) of the act, or is accountable in accordance with EPA’s formal organization for a particular program or function as described in part 1 of this title.

§ 56.2 Scope.

This part covers actions taken by:

(a) Employees in EPA Regional Offices, including Regional Administrators, in carrying out powers and duties delegated by the Administrator under section 301(a)(1) of the act; and

(b) EPA employees in Headquarters to the extent that they are responsible for developing the procedures to be employed or policies to be followed by Regional Offices in implementing and enforcing the act.

§ 56.3 Policy.

It is EPA’s policy to:

(a) Assure fair and uniform application by all Regional Offices of the criteria, procedures, and policies employed in implementing and enforcing the act;

(b) Provide mechanisms for identifying and correcting inconsistencies by standardizing criteria, procedures, and policies being employed by Regional Office employees in implementing and enforcing the act; and

(d) Recognize that only the decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court and decisions of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit Court that arise from challenges to “nationally applicable regulations . . . or final action,” as discussed in Clean Air Act section 307(b) (42 U.S.C. 7607(b)), shall apply uniformly, and to provide for exceptions to the general policy stated in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section with regard to decisions of the federal courts that arise from challenges to “locally or regionally applicable” actions, as provided in Clean Air Act section 307(b) (42 U.S.C. 7607(b)).

[45 FR 85405, Dec. 24, 1980, as amended at 81 FR 51113, Aug. 3, 2016]

§ 56.4 Mechanisms for fairness and uniformity – Responsibilities of Headquarters employees.

(a) The Administrator shall include, as necessary, with any rule or regulation proposed or promulgated under parts 51 and 58 of this chapter
1
mechanisms to assure that the rule or regulation is implemented and enforced fairly and uniformly by the Regional Offices.

1 Part 51 is entitled, “Requirements for Preparation, Adoption, and Submittal of Implementation Plans.” Part 58 is entitled, “Ambient Air Quality Surveillance.”

(b) The determination that a mechanism required under paragraph (a) of this section is unnecessary for a rule or regulation shall be explained in writing by the responsible EPA official and included in the supporting documentation or the relevant docket.

(c) The Administrator shall not be required to issue new mechanisms or revise existing mechanisms developed under paragraphs (a) of this section to address the inconsistent application of any rule, regulation, or policy that may arise in response to the limited jurisdiction of either a federal circuit court decision arising from challenges to “locally or regionally applicable” actions, as provided in Clean Air Act section 307(b) (42 U.S.C. 7607(b)), or a federal district court decision.

[45 FR 85405, Dec. 24, 1980, as amended at 81 FR 51113, Aug. 3, 2016]

§ 56.5 Mechanisms for fairness and uniformity – Responsibilities of Regional Office employees.

(a) Each responsible official in a Regional Office, including the Regional Administrator, shall assure that actions taken under the act:

(1) Are carried out fairly and in a manner that is consistent with the Act and Agency policy as set forth in the Agency rules and program directives,

(2) Are as consistent as reasonably possible with the activities of other Regional Offices, and

(3) Comply with the mechanisms developed under § 56.4 of this part.

(b) A responsible official in a Regional office shall seek concurrence from the appropriate EPA Headquarters office on any interpretation of the Act, or rule, regulation, or program directive when such interpretation may result in application of the act or rule, regulation, or program directive that is inconsistent with Agency policy. However, the responsible official in a Regional office will not be required to seek such concurrence from the appropriate EPA Headquarters office for actions that may result in inconsistent application if such inconsistent application is required in order to act in accordance with a federal court decision:

(1) Issued by a Circuit Court in challenges to “locally or regionally applicable” actions, as provided in Clean Air Act section 307(b) (42 U.S.C. 7607(b)), if that circuit court has direct jurisdiction over the geographic areas that the Regional office official is addressing, or (2) Issued by a district court in a specific case if the party the Regional office official is addressing was also a party in the case that resulted in the decision.

(c) In reviewing State Implementation Plans, the Regional Office shall follow the provisions of the guideline, revisions to State Implementation Plans – Procedures for Approval/Disapproval Actions, OAQPS No. 1.2-005A, or revision thereof. Where regulatory actions may involve inconsistent application of the requirements of the act, the Regional Offices shall classify such actions as special actions.

[45 FR 85405, Dec. 24, 1980, as amended at 81 FR 51114, Aug. 3, 2016]

§ 56.6 Dissemination of policy and guidance.

The Assistant Administrators of the Offices of Air, Noise and Radiation, and of Enforcement, and the General Counsel shall establish as expeditiously as practicable, but no later than one year after promulgation of this part, systems to disseminate policy and guidance. They shall distribute material under foregoing systems to the Regional Offices and State and local agencies, and shall make the material available to the public. Air programs policy and guideline systems shall contain the following:

(a) Compilations of relevant EPA program directives and guidance, except for rules and regulations, concerning the requirements under the Act.

(b) Procedures whereby each Headquarters program office and staff office will enter new and revised guidance into the compilations and cause superseded guidance to be removed.

(c) Additional guidance aids such as videotape presentations, workshops, manuals, or combinations of these where the responsible Headquarters official determines they are necessary to inform Regional Offices, State and local agencies, or the public about EPA actions.

§ 56.7 State agency performance audits.

(a) EPA will utilize the provisions of subpart B, Program Grants, of part 35 of this chapter, which require yearly evaluations of the manner in which grantees use Federal monies, to assure that an adequate evaluation of each State’s performance in implementing and enforcing the act is performed.

(b) Within 60 days after comment is due from each State grantee on the evaluation report required by § 35.538 of this chapter, the Regional Administrator shall incorporate or include any comments, as appropriate, and publish notice of availability of the evaluation report in the Federal Register.

PART 57 – PRIMARY NONFERROUS SMELTER ORDERS

Authority:Secs. 110, 114, 119, 301, Clean Air Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 7410, 7414, 7419, and 7601); sec. 406 of Pub. L. 95-95.

Source:50 FR 6448, Feb. 15, 1985, unless otherwise noted.

Subpart A – General

§ 57.101 Purpose and scope.

(a) Applicability of the regulations. The regulations in subparts A through H govern:

(1) The eligibility of smelters for a Primary Nonferrous Smelter Order (NSO) under section 119 of the Clean Air Act;

(2) The procedures through which an NSO can be approved or issued by EPA; and

(3) The minimum contents of each NSO required for EPA issuance or approval under section 119. Subpart I et seq., will contain NSOs in effect for individual smelters.

(b) State authority to adopt more stringent requirements. Nothing in this part shall preclude a State from imposing more stringent requirements, as provided by section 116 of the Clean Air Act.

§ 57.102 Eligibility.

(a) A primary copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum, or other nonferrous smelter is eligible for an NSO if it meets the following conditions:

(1) The smelter was in existence and operating on August 7, 1977;

(2) The smelter is subject to an approved or promulgated sulfur dioxide (SO2) State Implementation Plan (SIP) emission limitation which is adequate to ensure that National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for SO2 are achieved without the use of any unauthorized dispersion techniques; and

(3) The Administrator determines, based on a showing by the smelter owner, that no means of emission limitation applicable to the smelter which would enable it to comply with its SIP stack emission limitation for SO2 has been adequately demonstrated to be reasonably available (taking into account the cost of compliance, nonair quality health and environmental impact, and energy considerations) in accordance with § 57.201(d)(1).

(b) For the purposes of these regulations:

(1) The following means of emission limitation shall be considered adequately demonstrated for nonferrous smelters. (Taking into account nonair quality health and environmental impact and energy considerations, but not the cost of compliance).

(i) Retrofit control technologies. (A) Sulfuric acid plant in conjunction with an adequately demonstrated replacement technology or process modification;

(B) Magnesium oxide (concentration) scrubbing;

(D) Ammonia scrubbing.

(ii) Replacement or process modifications. (A) Flash smelting;

(B) Oxygen enrichment;

(D) Electric Furnace;

(E) Noranda process;

(F) Fluid bed roaster;

(G) Continuous smelting (Mitsubishi) process; and

(H) Strong stream/weak stream gas blending.

(2) Each adequately demonstrated means of emission limitation which would enable a smelter to comply with its SIP emission limitation for SO2 shall be considered applicable to the smelter unless the smelter operator demonstrates that the use of a particular system at that smelter is technically unreasonable, for reasons specific to that site.

(3) An applicable means of emission limitation which would enable a smelter to comply with its SIP emission limitation for SO2 shall be considered adequately demonstrated to be reasonably available to the smelter (taking into account the cost of compliance) if the information submitted under §§ 57.107(a) and 57.203(b) (plus any necessary supplemental information) shows, according to the criteria, procedures, and tests contained in appendix A to this part and in accordance with § 57.201(d)(1), that both of the following two tests are met.

(i) The rate of return test. The present value of the smelter’s future net cash flow (during and after investment in constant control technology) is more than book value of the smelter’s net investment in constant dollars.

(ii) The profit protection test. The constant control technology expenditure reduces the present value of the smelter’s forecast pretax profits by less than 50%.

(c) When applying for an NSO, a smelter must establish, for purposes of applying the financial eligibility tests, which adequately demonstrated constant control technology applicable to that smelter is the most economically feasible for use at that smelter.

[50 FR 6448, Feb. 15, 1985, as amended at 51 FR 10211, Mar. 25, 1986]

§ 57.103 Definitions.

(a) The Act means the Clean Air Act, as amended.

(b) Active use refers to an SO2 constant control system installed at a smelter before August 7, 1977 and not totally removed from regular service by that date.

(c) Adequate SO2 emission limitation means a SIP emission limitation which was approved or promulgated by EPA as adequate to attain and maintain the NAAQS in the areas affected by the stack emissions without the use of any unauthorized dispersion technique.

(d) Administrative Law Judge means an administrative law judge appointed under 5 U.S.C. 3105 (see also 5 CFR part 930, as amended by 37 FR 16787), and is synonymous with the term “Hearing Examiner” as formerly used in Title 5 of the U.S. Code.

(e) The Administrator means the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or the Administrator’s authorized representative.

(f) Ambient air shall have the meaning given by 40 CFR 50.1(e), as that definition appears upon promulgation of this subpart, or as hereafter amended.

(g) Ambient air quality refers only to concentrations of sulfur dioxide in the ambient air, unless otherwise specified.

(h) An approved measure refers to one contained in an NSO which is in effect.

(i) Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation means the Assistant Administrator for Air and Radiation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

(j) Constant controls, control technology, and continuous emission reduction technology mean systems which limit the quantity, rate, or concentration, excluding the use of dilution, and emissions of air pollutants on a continuous basis.

(k) Effective date of an NSO means the effective date listed in the Federal Register publication of EPA’s issuance or approval of an NSO.

(l) EPA and the Agency means the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, or the Administrator’s authorized representative.

(m) Fugitive emissions means any air pollutants emitted to the atmosphere other than from a stack.

(n) Issuance of an NSO means the final transmittal of the NSO pursuant to § 57.107(a) by an issuing agency (other than EPA) to EPA for approval, or the publication of an NSO issued by EPA in the Federal Register.

(o) Issuing agency, unless otherwise specifically indicated, means the State or local air pollution control agency to which a smelter’s owner has applied for an NSO, or which has issued the NSO, or EPA, when the NSO application has been made to EPA. Any showings or demonstrations required to be made under this part to the issuing agency, when not EPA, are subject to independent determinations by EPA.

(p) Malfunction means any unanticipated and unavoidable failure of air pollution control equipment or process equipment or of a process to operate in a normal or usual manner. Failures that are caused entirely or in part by poor design, poor maintenance, careless operation, or any other preventable upset condition or preventable equipment breakdown shall not be considered malfunctions. A malfunction exists only for the minimum time necessary to implement corrective measures.

(q) Maximum production capacity means either the maximum demonstrated rate at which a smelter has produced its principal metallic final product under the process equipment configuration and operating procedures prevailing on or before August 7, 1977, or a rate which the smelter is able to demonstrate by calculation is attainable with process equipment existing on August 7, 1977. The rate may be expressed as a concentrate feed rate to the smelter.

(r) NAAQS and National Ambient Air Quality Standards, unless otherwise specified, refer only to the National Primary and Secondary Ambient Air Quality Standards for sulfur dioxide.

(s) Scheduled maintenance means any periodic procedure, necessary to maintain the integrity or reliability of emissions control performance, which can be anticipated and scheduled in advance. In sulfuric acid plants, it includes among other items the screening or replacement of catalyst, the re-tubing of heat exchangers, and the routine repair and cleaning of gas handling/cleaning equipment.

(t) Smelter owner and operator means the owner or operator of the smelter, without distinction.

(u) Supplementary control system (SCS) means any technique for limiting the concentration of a pollutant in the ambient air by varying the emissions of that pollutant according to atmospheric conditions. For the purposes of this part, the term supplementary control system does not include any dispersion technique based solely on the use of a stack the height of which exceeds good engineering practice (as determined under regulations implementing section 123 of the Act).

(v) Unauthorized dispersion technique refers to any dispersion technique which, under section 123 of the Act and the regulations promulgated pursuant to that section, may not be used to reduce the degree of emission limitation otherwise required in the applicable SIP.

(w) Unless otherwise specified in this part, all terms shall have the same meaning given them by the Act.

[50 FR 6448, Feb. 15, 1985, as amended at 57 FR 5328, Feb. 13, 1992]

§ 57.104 Amendment of the NSO.

An NSO shall be amended whenever necessary for compliance with the requirements and purposes of this part.

(a)(1) Issuance of amendment. A State or local issuing agency may issue an amendment of any NSO it has issued. Any amendment issued by a State or local issuing agency shall be subject to approval by EPA to the same extent as was the original NSO. Any smelter owner may apply to the agency which originally issued its NSO for an amendment of the NSO at any time. Such an application shall be accompanied by whatever documentation is required by that agency (or EPA) to support the requested amendment.

(2)(i) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (a)(1) of this section, amendments to SIP compliance schedule interim compliance dates in State-issued NSO’s need not be submitted for EPA approval if the amendment does not delay the interim date by more than three months from the date as approved by the Administrator and if the final compliance date is unchanged. Delays longer than 3 months shall be handled according to the provisions of § 57.104(a)(1).

(ii) Changes made in accordance with this subparagraph may be effective immediately but must be submitted to EPA within seven days. EPA will give public notice of receipt of such changes by publication of a Notice in the Federal Register.

(3) In any case in which the issuing agency fails to issue an amendment necessary for compliance with the requirements and purposes of this part, EPA may, after first giving the issuing Agency notice, issue such amendment.

(b) Revision of SCS Manual. Operation in accordance with the revised provisions of an SCS operational manual (see § 57.402(e)) shall not be considered a violation of an NSO while the application for approval of those revisions as NSO amendments is pending before the issuing agency (or EPA) for approval: Provided, that:

(1) No violations of NAAQS occur in the smelter’s Designated Liability Area during that time; and

(2) The smelter operator has not been informed by the issuing agency or EPA that its application is not adequately documented, unless such deficiency has been remedied promptly.

(c) Notice and opportunity for hearing. Notice and opportunity for public hearing shall be provided before issuance of all major amendments.

§ 57.105 Submittal of required plans, proposals, and reports.

(a) The failure of a smelter owner to submit any plan, report, document or proposal as required by its NSO or by this part shall constitute a violation of its NSO.

(b) If the Administrator determines that a nonferrous smelter is in violation of a requirement contained in an NSO approved under these regulations, the Administrator shall, as provided by section 119(f) of the Act:

(1) Enforce such requirement under section 113 (a), (b), or (c) of the Act;

(2) Revoke the order after notice and opportunity for hearing;

(3) Give notice of noncompliance and commence action under section 120 of the act; or

(4) Take any appropriate combinations of these actions.

(c) Under section 304 of the Act, any person may commence a civil action against an owner or operator of a smelter which is alleged to be in violation or any order approved under this part.

§ 57.106 Expiration date.

Each NSO shall state its expiration date. No NSO issued under this regulation shall expire later than January 1, 1988.

§ 57.107 The State or local agency’s transmittal to EPA.

(a) Content and bases of the State or local agency’s NSO. Issuance of an NSO by a State or local agency shall be completed by the issuing agency’s transmittal to the appropriate EPA Regional Office of:

(1) The text of the NSO;

(2) The application submitted by the smelter owner, except for appendix A to this part, all correspondence between the issuing agency and the applicant relating to the NSO, and any material submitted in support of the application;

(3) A concise statement of the State or local agency’s findings and their bases; and

(4) All documentation or analyses prepared by or for the issuing agency in support of the NSO.

(b) The State or local agency’s enforcement plan. The transmittal under paragraph (a) of this section shall be accompanied by a description of the issuing agency’s plans for monitoring compliance with and enforcement of the NSO. The transmittal shall also include a description of the resources which will be used to implement those plans. If the enforcement plans appear inadequate, EPA may require that the NSO be modified such that the NSO will be adequately enforced.

§ 57.108 Comparable existing SIP provisions.

Notwithstanding any other provision of this part, an NSO may contain provisions to which the affected smelter is subject under the applicable EPA-approved State Implementation Plan (SIP) for sulfur dioxide in lieu of the corresponding provisions which would otherwise be required under this part if the Administrator determines that those SIP provisions are substantially equivalent to the corresponding NSO provisions which would otherwise be required, and if the Administrator determines that the smelter is in substantial compliance with those SIP provisions. For the purposes of this section, provisions to which the affected smelter is subject under the applicable EPA-approved State Implementation Plan are those which became effective before the smelter owner applied for the NSO.

§ 57.109 Maintenance of pay.

The Administrator will not approve or issue an NSO for any smelter unless he has approved or promulgated SIP provisions which are applicable to the smelter and which satisfy the requirements of section 110(a)(6) of the Clean Air Act.

§ 57.110 Reimbursement of State or local agency.

As a condition of issuing an NSO, any issuing agency may require the smelter operator to pay a fee to the State or local agency sufficient to defray the issuing agency’s expenses in issuing and enforcing the NSO.

§ 57.111 Severability of provisions.

The provisions promulgated in this part and the various applications thereof are distinct and severable. If any provision of this part or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect other provisions, or the application of such provisions to other persons or circumstances, which can be given effect without the invalid provision of application.

Subpart B – The Application and the NSO Process

§ 57.201 Where to apply.

Any eligible smelter may apply for an NSO to the appropriate EPA Regional Office or to the appropriate State or local air pollution control agency.

(a) When application is made to EPA, all parts of the application required to be submitted under this subpart shall be sent directly to the Director, Stationary Source Compliance Division (EN-341), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460, Attention: Confidential Information Unit. In addition, the smelter owner shall send a copy of the application, except that part required to be submitted under § 57.203(b) (eligibility), directly to the appropriate EPA Regional Office.

(b) When application is made to the appropriate State or local agency, the smelter owner shall submit one complete copy of all parts of the application required to be submitted under this subpart to that agency, in addition to the application requirements contained in paragraph (a) of this section. If the smelter owner is requesting an advance eligibility determination pursuant to § 57.203(b), such request must be made in writing and shall accompany the copy of the application being sent to the Director of the Stationary Source Compliance Division of the Environmental Protection Agency.

(c) If the smelter owner is requesting a waiver of the interim constant control requirement of § 57.301, such request must be sent directly to the Director, Stationary Source Compliance Division, at the time of application, in accordance with § 57.802.

(d) The NSO Process. (1) A smelter desiring an NSO shall apply for an NSO by submitting an application under subpart B including the financial information required in appendix A and including the information necessary to make the determinations required by this subparagraph and § 57.201(d)(2). The issuing agency shall analyze the financial information according to the financial eligibility test prescribed by subpart A and described in appendix A. The issuing Agency shall then determine whether the smelter is able to comply with its SIP on or before the date required in the SIP by installing adequately demonstrated technology which is reasonably available. See also § 57.102(a)(3). If the test demonstrates that adequately demonstrated technology is not reasonably available to the smelter to allow it to comply with the SIP by the required compliance date, the smelter is eligible for an NSO.

(2)(i) If the smelter is determined to be eligible for an NSO under paragraph (d)(1) of this section, the issuing Agency shall apply the appendix A financial eligibility tests again before issuing an NSO in order to determine if the smelter can comply with its SIP requirements on or before January 1, 1988 by installing adequately demonstrated technology which is reasonably available.

(ii) If application of the tests shows that the smelter could comply by or before January 1, 1988, the issuing agency shall notify the smelter of this determination, and shall not issue an NSO to the smelter unless the NSO contains a SIP compliance schedule meeting the requirements of § 57.705. Such a compliance schedule must provide for compliance with the smelter’s SO2 SIP as expeditiously as practicable and in no case later than January 1, 1988. A smelter must submit to the issuing agency information necessary to determine a compliance schedule meeting the requirements of § 57.705. This information shall be submitted by a smelter within thirty days after the smelter is notified by the issuing agency that a SIP compliance schedule is required. The Administrator may consider an NSO application to be withdrawn for SIP enforcement purposes if a smelter fails to submit such information within the time required under this paragraph.

(iii) If no adequately demonstrated technology is found to be reasonably available to enable a smelter to comply by January 1, 1988, it would be excused from the compliance schedule requirement in § 57.201(d)(2)(ii), but it would be subject to reevaluation of its ability to comply by that date at any time during the term of the NSO. (See § 57.201(d)(3)).

(3) At any time during the term of an NSO which does not contain a SIP compliance schedule, EPA or the issuing agency may reevaluate the availability of technology to the smelter. If EPA or the issuing agency determines that adequately demonstrated technology is reasonably available to permit the smelter to comply with its SIP by or before January 1, 1988, the NSO shall be amended within 3 months time after such determination. The amendment shall require compliance with all SIP requirements by or before January 1, 1988, and shall include a compliance schedule meeting the requirements of § 57.705. The determination that adequately demonstrated technology is reasonably available shall be made by reapplying the same appendix A financial eligibility tests required by subpart B, updated by economic data reflecting current operating conditions and currently demonstrated control technology. Any such determination and amendment shall be governed by the provisions of this part and section 119 of the Clean Air Act.

(4) Notice and opportunity for public hearing in accordance with section 119 of the Clean Air Act must be provided before issuance of any NSO.

(e) A smelter that does not have any constant SO2 controls or whose existing constant SO2 controls when in full operation and optimally maintained are not sufficient to treat all strong SO2 streams may apply for a waiver of the requirements of subpart C to install interim constant controls by submitting an application under subpart H. A waiver may be granted only with respect to the requirement to eliminate bypass of constant controls through the installation of new constant control equipment, not with respect to the requirements for optimum maintenance and operation of existing equipment. EPA shall then determine the smelter’s ability to afford installation of the required additional interim constant SO2 control equipment at the smelter based on financial eligibility information analyzed according to the financial test prescribed in appendix A. A waiver of the requirement for additional interim constant controls will be granted if EPA determines in accordance with the procedures of subpart H that imposition of this requirement would necessitate closure of the smelter for at least one year.

§ 57.202 How to apply.

(a) Letter of intent. To initiate an application for an NSO, the owner or operator of a smelter shall send a letter of intent to an appropriate air pollution control agency. The letter of intent shall contain a statement of the owner’s intent to apply for an NSO, and an agreement to provide any information required under this part. The letter of intent shall be signed by a corporate official authorized to make such commitments. Upon receipt of any letter of intent by the issuing agency, the SIP emission limitation for sulfur dioxide, as to that applicant, shall be deemed suspended for 60 days. The 60 day suspension may be extended for good cause at the discretion of the Administrator.

(b) Complete application. (1) Within the period referred to in paragraph (a) of this section, the smelter owner shall submit its completed application pursuant to § 57.201. Receipt of all parts of a substantially complete application postmarked within the original or extended application period shall be deemed to continue the suspension of the SIP emission limitation for SO2 until the issuing agency issues or declines to issue an NSO. This suspension shall in all cases terminate, however, 90 days after receipt of the substantially completed application, unless extended for good cause at the discretion of the Administrator. If, in the Administrator’s judgment, good faith effort has been made to submit a complete application, additional time may be granted to allow for correction of minor deficiencies.

(2) If an issuing agency transmits an NSO to EPA for approval before the expiration of the suspension of the Federal SIP emission limitation, the suspension shall continue until EPA approves or disapproves the NSO.

§ 57.203 Contents of the application.

(a) Claim of confidentiality. The smelter owner may make a business confidentiality claim covering all or part of the information in the NSO application in accordance with 40 CFR part 2, subpart B (41 FR 36906 et seq., Sept. 1, 1976 as amended by 43 FR 39997 et seq., Sept. 8, 1978). A claim is effective only if it is made at the time the material is submitted to the issuing agency or EPA. A claim shall be made by attaching to the information a notice of confidentiality. Information claimed as confidential will be handled by EPA under the provisions of 40 CFR part 2, subpart B. If no claim accompanies the information, it may be made available to the public without further notice.

(b) Each smelter owner shall make the showing required by § 57.102(a)(3) by completing and submitting appendix A to this part and any necessary supplemental information to the issuing agency as a part of its application. Each smelter shall also submit as part of its application the information which, in conjunction with the information required by appendix A, is necessary for the issuing agency to make the determination required by § 57.201(d)(2). Any smelter owner or State may, at its option, simultaneously submit this material to EPA for an advance eligibility determination.

(1) A process flow diagram of the smelter, including current process and instrumentation diagrams for all processes or equipment which may emit or affect the emission of sulfur dioxide; the characteristics of all gas streams emitted from the smelter’s process equipment (flow rates, temperature, volumes, compositions, and variations over time); and a list of all monitoring data and strip charts, including all data, charts, logs or sheets kept with respect to the operation of any process equipment which may emit or affect the emission of sulfur dioxide;

(2) The smelter’s maximum daily production capacity (as defined in § 57.103(r)), the operational rate (in pounds of concentrate charged to the smelting furnace per hour) of each major piece of process equipment when the smelter is operating at that capacity; and the smelter’s average and maximum daily production rate for each product, co-product, or by-product, by year, for the past four years;

(3) The optimal conversion efficiency (defined in terms of percent of total SO2 removed from the input flow stream) of any acid plant or other sulfur dioxide control system under the normal process operating conditions (excluding malfunctions) most conducive to optimal conversion efficiency;

(4) The average conversion efficiency of any acid plant or other sulfur dioxide control system during normal process operations (excluding malfunctions), by month, during the past four years.

(5) The percent of the time the acid plant or other control system was available for service during each month for the past four years, excluding downtime for scheduled maintenance, and a full explanation of any major or recurring problems with the system during that time;

(6) The frequency and duration of times during the past four years when the SO2 system was unavailable because of scheduled maintenance of the system;

(7) A description of all scheduled, periodic, shutdowns of the smelter during the past four years, including their purpose, frequency and duration; and the same information with respect to unscheduled shutdowns;

(8) The gas volume, rates, and SO2 concentration which the control system was actually designed to accommodate, taking into account any modifications made after its installation;

(9) The average monthly sulfur balance across the process and control equipment, including fugitive emissions, for the past 4 years; and

(10) A description of engineering techniques now in use at the smelter to prevent the release of fugitive emissions into the atmosphere at low elevations.

(d) The smelter owner’s proposals. The smelter owner shall submit as part of its application, draft NSO provisions which would implement the requirements of subparts C through G of this part. The issuing agency may use these proposals as the basis for any NSO that may be granted, or may modify these proposals in any way it deems necessary in order to comply with the requirements of this part.

(e) A smelter may submit as part of its application, information necessary to determine any SIP compliance schedule which might be required under § 57.201(d)(2).

(f) Additional information. The smelter owner shall designate in its application a corporate officer responsible and authorized to supply supplemental technical and economic information and explanations as required by the issuing agency during the formulation of the NSO. Failure to supply such information and explanations shall constitute a failure to submit a complete application.

(g) Request for a waiver of constant controls. Any request for a waiver of the requirement interim constant control of all strpmg streams of § 57.301 shall be made in accordance with § 57.802. The criteria and procedures for granting the waiver are governed by subpart H of this part.

(h) Unless a smelter applies for a waiver in accordance with subpart H, a smelter shall submit as part of its application a proposed schedule for compliance with the interim constant control requirements of subpart C which satisfies the requirements of § 57.702.

§ 57.204 EPA action on second period NSOs which have already been issued.

(a) EPA may approve a second period NSO issued by a State before the date of publication of these regulations in the Federal Register, without requiring a complete reapplication under this subpart and new State proceedings, provided:

(1) The second period NSO was issued by the State consistent with the procedural requirements of section 119 of the Clean Air Act;

(2) EPA can make a determination that the smelter is eligible for a second period NSO and whether the smelter can comply with its SO2 SIP limits on or before January 1, 1988 under the financial eligibility tests in these regulations on the basis of available information and such supplementary information as the Agency may request the smelter to submit; and

(3) The provisions of the NSO are consistent with the requirements of these regulations.

(b) Should EPA require a smelter to submit information before taking final action on an NSO referred to in paragraph (a), of this section, it shall specify a reasonable period for submission of such information in light of the nature of the information being required. The duration of such period shall not exceed the period allowed for submission of a complete application under § 57.202 (a) and (b).

(c) The Agency shall consider the SIP emission limitation for SO2 to be suspended with respect to a smelter which received an NSO described in subpart A until EPA takes final action on such NSO. Such suspension shall terminate if the smelter does not submit supplementary information within the time specified under paragraph (b).

§ 57.205 Submission of supplementary information upon relaxation of an SO2 SIP emission limitation.

(a) In the event an SO2 SIP limit is relaxed subsequent to EPA approval or issuance of a second period NSO, the smelter issued the NSO shall submit to the issuing agency and EPA such supplementary information that EPA considers appropriate for purposes of determining whether the means of compliance with the new SIP limit are adequately demonstrated to be reasonably available under the financial eligibility tests specified in § 57.102(b)(3). The smelter shall submit such information within sixty days of notification by EPA. This time limit may be extended by EPA for good cause.

(b) Upon receipt of any supplementary information required under paragraph (a), the issuing agency shall promptly reevaluate the availability of the means of compliance with the new SIP limit under the NSO eligibility tests specified in § 57.102(b)(3). If the issuing agency determines that the demonstrated control technology necessary to attain the new SO2 SIP limit is adequately demonstrated to be reasonably available under the eligibility tests, so as to permit the smelter to comply with the new SIP limit on or before January 1, 1988, the NSO shall be amended within the time contemplated by § 57.202(a) after receipt of the supplementary information. Such amendment shall require compliance with the new SO2 SIP limit as expeditiously as practicable in accordance with § 57.201(d)(3). The issuing agency, if not EPA, shall promptly submit its determination and any necessary NSO amendments to EPA.

(c) EPA shall take action to approve or disapprove the issuing agency’s determination and NSO amendment, if any, within a reasonable time after receipt of such determination and amendment.

(d) If EPA disapproves the issuing agency’s determination or NSO amendment, or if a smelter fails to submit any supplementary information as required under paragraph (a), EPA and/or the issuing agency shall take appropriate remedial action. EPA shall take appropriate remedial action if the issuing agency does not make any determination and amendment required by this section within the time contemplated by § 57.202(a).

Subpart C – Constant Controls and Related Requirements

§ 57.301 General requirements.

Each NSO shall require an interim level of sulfur dioxide constant controls to be operated at the smelter, unless a waiver of this requirement has been granted to the owner under subpart H of this part. Except as otherwise provided in § 57.304, the interim constant controls shall be properly operated and maintained at all times. The NSO shall require the following gas streams to be treated by interim constant controls:

(a) In copper smelters, off-gases from fluidized bed roasters, flash furnaces, NORANDA reactors, electric furnaces and copper converters;

(b) In lead smelters, off-gases from the front end of the sintering machine and any other sinter gases which are recirculated;

(d) In all primary nonferrous smelters, all other strong SO2 streams.

(e) In all primary nonferrous smelters, any other process streams which were regularly or intermittently treated by constant controls at the smelter as of August 7, 1977.

§ 57.302 Performance level of interim constant controls.

(a) Maximum feasible efficiency. Each NSO shall require: that the smelter operate its interim constant control systems at their maximum feasible efficiency, including the making of any improvements necessary to correct the effects of any serious deficiencies; that the process and control equipment be maintained in the way best designed to ensure such operation; and that process operations be scheduled and coordinated to facilitate treatment of process gas streams to the maximum possible extent. Maximum feasible efficiency shall be expressed in the NSO in the form of a limitation on the concentration of SO2 in the tail gas of each individual control system in combination with an appropriate averaging period, as provided below in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.

(b) The limitation level for SO2 concentration in the control system tail gas. The level at which the concentration limitation is set shall take into account fluctuations in the strength and volume of process off-gases to the extent that those fluctuations affect the SO2 content of the tail gas and cannot be avoided by improved scheduling and coordination of process operations. The limitation shall exclude the effect of any increase in emissions caused by process or control equipment malfunction. The limitation shall take into account unavoidable catalyst deterioration in sulfuric acid plants, but may prescribe the frequency of catalyst screening or replacement. The NSO shall also prohibit the smelter owner from using dilution air to meet the limitation.

(c) Averaging period. (1) The averaging period shall be derived in combination with the concentration limitation and shall take into account the same factors described in paragraph (b). The averaging period established under this paragraph should generally not exceed the following:

(i) For sulfuric acid plants on copper smelters, 12-hour running average;

(ii) For sulfuric acid plants on lead smelters, 6-hour running average;

(iii) For sulfuric acid plants on zinc smelters, 2-hour running average;

(iv) For dimethylaniline (DMA) scrubbing units on copper smelters, 2-hour running average.

(2) A different averaging period may be established if the applicant demonstrates that such a period is necessary in order to account for the factors described in paragraph (b) of this section: Provided, that the period is enforceable and satisfies the criteria of paragraph (a) of this section.

(d) Improved performance. (1) The performance level representing maximum feasible efficiency for any existing control system (e.g., a sulfuric acid plant or a DMA scrubber) shall require the correction of the effects of any serious deficiencies in the system. For the purpose of this paragraph, at least the following problems shall constitute serious deficiencies in acid plants:

(i) Heat exchangers and associated equipment inadequate to sustain efficient, autothermal operation at the average gas strengths and volumes received by the acid plant during routine process equipment operation;

(ii) Failure to completely fill all available catalyst bed stages with sufficient catalyst;

(iii) Inability of the gas pre-treatment system to prevent unduly frequent plugging or fouling (deterioration) of catalyst or other components of the acid plant; or

(iv) Blower capacity inadequate to permit the treatment of the full volume of gas which the plant could otherwise accommodate, or in-leakage of air into the flues leading to the plant, to the extent that this inadequacy results in bypassing of gas around the plant.

(2) Notwithstanding any contrary provisions of § 57.304(c) (malfunction demonstration), no excess emissions (as defined in § 57.304(a)) shall be considered to have resulted from a malfunction in the constant control system if the smelter owner has not upgraded serious deficiencies in the constant control system in compliance with the requirements of § 57.302(d)(1), unless the smelter owner demonstrates under § 57.304(c) that compliance with those requirements would not have affected the magnitude of the emission.

(e) Multiple control devices. (1) At any smelter where off-gas streams are treated by various existing control systems (e.g., multiple acid plants or a DMA scrubber and an acid plant), the NSO shall require the use of those systems in the combination that will result in the maximum feasible net SO2 removal.

(2) To the extent that compliance with this requirement is demonstrated by the smelter operator to result in excess emissions during unavoidable start up and shut down of the control systems, those excess emissions shall not constitute violations of the NSO.

§ 57.303 Total plantwide emission limitation.

(a) Calculation of the emission limitation. Each NSO shall contain a requirement limiting the total allowable emissions from the smelter to the level which would have been associated with production at the smelter’s maximum production capacity (as defined in § 57.103(r)) as of August 7, 1977. This limitation shall be expressed in units of mass per time and shall be calculated as the sum of uncontrolled process and fugitive emissions, and emissions from any control systems (operating at the efficiency prescribed under § 57.302). These emission rates may be derived from either direct measurements or appropriately documented mass balance calculations.

(b) Compliance with the emission limitation. Each NSO shall require the use of specific, enforceable testing methods and measurement periods for determining compliance with the limitation established under paragraph (a) of this section.

§ 57.304 Bypass, excess emissions and malfunctions.

(a) Definition of excess emissions. For the purposes of this subpart, any emissions greater than those permitted by the NSO provisions established under § 57.302 (performance level of interim constant controls) or § 57.303 (plantwide emission limitation) of this subpart shall constitute excess emissions. Emission of any gas stream identified under § 57.301 (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) of this subpart that is not treated by a sulfur dioxide constant control system shall also constitute an excess emission under this subpart.

(b) The excess emission report. Each NSO shall require the smelter to report all excess emissions to the issuing agency, as provided in § 57.305(b). The report shall include the following:

(1) Identity of the stack or other emission points where the excess emissions occurred;

(2) Magnitude of the excess emissions expressed in the units of each applicable emission limitation, as well as the operating data, documents, and calculations used in determining the magnitude of the excess emissions;

(3) Time and duration of the excess emissions;

(4) Identity of the equipment causing the excess emissions;

(5) Nature and cause of such excess emissions;

(6) Steps taken to limit the excess emissions, and when those steps were commenced;

(7) If the excess emissions were the result of a malfunction, the steps taken to remedy the malfunction and to prevent the recurrence of such malfunction; and

(8) At the smelter owner’s election, the demonstration specified in paragraph (c) of this section.

(c) Malfunction demonstration. Except as provided in § 57.302(e)(2) or in paragraph (d) or (e) of this section, any excess emission shall be a violation of the NSO unless the owner demonstrates in the excess emissions report required under paragraph (b) of this section that the excess emission resulted from a malfunction (or an unavoidable start up and shut down resulting from a malfunction) and that:

(1) The air pollution control systems, process equipment, or processes were at all times maintained and operated, to the maximum extent practicable, in a manner consistent with good practice for minimizing emissions;

(2) Repairs were made as expeditiously as practicable, including the use of off-shift labor and overtime;

(3) The amount and duration of the excess emissions were minimized to the maximum extent practicable during periods of such emissions; and

(4) The excess emissions were not part of a recurring pattern indicative of serious deficiencies in, or inadequate operation, design, or maintenance of, the process or control equipment.

(d) Scheduled maintenance exception. Excess emissions occurring during scheduled maintenance shall not constitute violations of the NSO to the extent that:

(1) The expected additional annual sulfur dioxide removal by any control system (including associated process changes) for which construction had not commenced (as defined in 40 CFR 60.2 (g) and (i)) as of August 7, 1977 and which the smelter owner agrees to install and operate under subpart F, would have offset such excess emissions if the system had been in operation throughout the year in which the maintenance was performed;

(2) The system is installed and operated as provided in the NSO provisions established under subpart F; and

(3) The system performs at substantially the expected efficiency and reliability subsequent to its initial break-in period.

(e) An NSO may provide that excess emissions which occur during acid plant start-up as the result of the cooling of acid plant catalyst due to the unavailability of process gas to an acid plant during a prolonged SCS curtailment or scheduled maintenance are not excess emissions. If the NSO does so provide, it shall also require the use of techniques or practices designed to minimize these excess emissions, such as the sealing of the acid plant during prolonged curtailments, the use of auxiliary heat or SO2 injected during the curtailment, or the preheating of the acid plant before start-up of the process equipment it serves.

(f) Requirements for a smelter with constant controls that applies for a waiver.

(1) If a smelter that has some interim constant controls applies for a waiver in accordance with subpart H, the following requirements shall apply pending action on the waiver application and following final action granting or approving a waiver:

(i) The NSO shall require the smelter to implement maintenance and operation measures designed to reduce to the maximum extent feasible the potential for bypass of existing interim constant controls.

(ii) Upon application for a waiver under subpart H, the smelter shall submit to the issuing agency for its approval and to EPA proposed maintenance and operation measures for compliance with the requirements of paragraph (i).

(iii) The remainder of this subpart shall apply except that: (A) The emission limitations required under this subpart shall be based only on existing constant control equipment as upgraded through the improved maintenance and operation required by this paragraph, and (B) bypass of existing controls shall not constitute excess emissions, provided the maintenance and operation requirements and emission limitations prescribed by the NSO are satisfied.

(2) After any denial of a waiver by the issuing Agency, or any disapproval by EPA of a waiver granted by the issuing agency, the NSO shall be amended consistent with the requirements of this subpart and § 57.702.

§ 57.305 Compliance monitoring and reporting.

(a) Monitoring. (1) Each NSO shall require compliance with the control system performance requirements established pursuant to this subpart to be determined through the use of continuous monitors for measuring SO2 concentration.

(i) Such monitors must be installed, operated and maintained in accordance with the performance specifications and other requirements contained in appendix D to 40 CFR part 52 or part 60. The monitors must take and record at least one measurement of SO2 concentration from the effluent of each control system in each 15-minute period. Failure of the monitors to record at least 95% of the 15-minute periods in any 30-day period shall constitute a violation of the NSO.

(ii) The sampling point shall be located at least 8 stack diameters (diameter measured at sampling point) downstream and 2 diameters upstream from any flow disturbance such as a bend, expansion, constriction, or flame, unless another location is approved by the Administrator.

(iii) The sampling point for monitoring emissions shall be in the duct at the centroid of the cross section if the cross sectional area is less than 4.645m
2 (50 ft
2) or at a point no closer to the wall than 0.914m (3 ft) if the cross sectional area is 4.645m
2 (50 ft
2) or more. The monitor sample point shall be in an area of small spatial concentration gradient and shall be representative of the concentration in the duct.

(iv) The measurement system(s) installed and used pursuant to this paragraph shall be subject to the manufacturer’s recommended zero adjustment and calibration procedures at least once per 24-hour operating period unless the manufacturer specifies or recommends calibration at shorter intervals, in which case such specifications or recommendations shall be followed. Records of these procedures shall be made which clearly show instrument readings before and after zero adjustment and calibration.

(2) Each NSO shall require the monitoring of any ducts or flues used to bypass gases, required under this subpart to be treated by constant controls, around the smelter’s sulfur dioxide constant control system(s) for ultimate discharge to the atmosphere. Such monitoring shall be adequate to disclose the time of the bypass, its duration, and the approximate volume and SO2 concentration of gas bypassed.

(b) Reporting. (1) Each NSO shall require that the smelter maintain a record of all measurements required under paragraph (a) of this section. Results shall be summarized monthly and shall be submitted to the issuing agency within 15 days after the end of each month. The smelter owner shall retain a record of such measurements for one year after the NSO period terminates.

(2) Each NSO shall require that the smelter maintain a record of all measurements and calculations required under § 57.303(b). Results shall be summarized on a monthly basis and shall be submitted to the issuing agency at 6-month intervals. The smelter owner shall retain a record of such measurements and calculations for at least one year after the NSO terminates.

(3) The report required under § 57.304(b) shall accompany the report required under paragraph (b)(1) of this section.

(c) Quality assurance and continuous data – (1) Quality assurance. Each NSO shall require that the smelter submit a plan for quality assurance to the issuing agency for approval and that all monitoring performed by continuous monitors shall be verified for quality assurance by the smelter. Such plans must follow current EPA guidelines for quality assurance, in order to be approvable.

(2) Continuous data. Manual source testing methods equivalent to 40 CFR part 60, appendix A shall be used to determine compliance if the continuous monitoring system malfunctions.

Subpart D – Supplementary Control System Requirements

§ 57.401 General requirements.

Except as provided in subpart E, each NSO shall require the smelter owner to prevent all violations of the NAAQS in the smelter’s designated liability area (DLA) through the operation of an approved supplementary control system (SCS).

§ 57.402 Elements of the supplementary control system.

Each supplementary control system shall contain the following elements:

(a) Air quality monitoring network. An approvable SCS shall include the use of appropriate ambient air quality monitors to continuously measure the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the air in the smelter’s DLA.

(1) The monitors shall be located at all points of expected SO2 concentrations necessary to anticipate and prevent possible violations of NAAQS anywhere in the smelter’s DLA. The determination of the locations where such concentrations may occur shall take into account all recorded or probable meteorological and operating conditions (including bypassing of control equipment), as well as the presence of other sources of SO2 significantly affecting SO2 concentrations in the DLA.

(2) The number and location of sites shall be based on dispersion modeling, measured ambient air quality data, meteorological information, and the results of the continuing review required by paragraph (f) of this section. The system shall include the use of at least 7 fixed monitors unless the issuing agency determines, on the basis of a demonstration by the smelter owner, that the use of fewer monitors would not limit coverage of points of high SO2 concentration or otherwise reduce the capability of the smelter owner to prevent any violations of the NAAQS in the smelter’s DLA.

(3) All monitors shall be continuously operated and maintained and shall meet the performance specifications contained in 40 CFR part 53. The monitors shall be capable of routine real time measurement of maximum expected SO2 concentrations for the averaging times of SO2 NAAQS.

(b) Meteorological network. The SCS must have a meteorological assessment capability adequate to predict and identify local conditions requiring emission curtailment to prevent possible violations of the NAAQS. The meteorological assessment capability shall provide all forecast and current information necessary for successful use of the SCS operational manual required by paragraph (e) of this section.

(c) Designated liability area. The system shall be required to prevent all violations of the NAAQS within the smelter’s DLA. The DLA of any smelter is the area within which the smelter’s emissions may cause or significantly contribute to violations of the NAAQS for SO2 when the smelter is operating at its maximum production capacity under any recorded or probable meterological conditions. The boundaries of that area shall be specified in the NSO.

(1) Unless an acceptable demonstration is made under paragraph (c)(2) of this section, the DLA shall be a circle with a center point at the smelter’s tallest stack and a minimum radius as given in the following table:

Radius for SO2 Emissions at Maximum Production Capacity
¹

Emissions rate in tons per hour	Emission rate in grains per sec.	Radius in kilometers
16 or less	4,000 or less	11
24	6,000	16
32	8,000	24
40	10,000	32
48 or more	12,000 or more	40

¹ Maximum emission rates for periods not to exceed 24 hours. Minimum radii may be determined from the table by linear interpolation.

(2) The NSO may provide for a DLA with different boundaries if the smelter owner can demonstrate through the use of appropriate dispersion modeling and ambient air quality monitoring data that the smelter’s controlled emissions could not cause or significantly contribute to a violation of the NAAQS beyond the boundaries of such a different area under any recorded or probable meteorological conditions.

(3) A violation of the NAAQS in the DLA of any smelter shall constitute a violation of that smelter’s NSO, unless the issuing agency determines on the basis of a showing by the smelter owner that the smelter owner had taken all emission curtailment action indicated by the SCS operational manual and that the violation was caused in significant part by:

(i) Emissions of another source(s) which were in excess of the maximum permissible emissions applicable to such source(s),

(ii) Fugitive emissions of another source(s), or

(iii) The smelter’s own fugitive emissions: Provided, that the smelter is in compliance with all requirements of or under subpart E of this part.

(4) For the purposes of this section, maximum permissible emissions for other sources are the highest of:

(i) SIP emission limitation;

(ii) Orders in effect under section 113(d) of the Clean Air Act; or

(d) Overlapping designated liability areas. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this subpart, the following requirements shall apply whenever the designated liability areas of 2 or more smelters do, or may, overlap:

(1) In the case of any NSO applicant that would have a DLA which would overlap with the DLA of any other smelter that has applied for an NSO or has an NSO in effect, the NSO applicant shall include in its application an enforceable joint plan, agreed to by such other smelter(s). In determining whether a joint plan is required, the NSO applicant shall calculate its DLA according to the table in paragraph (c)(1) of this section. The DLA of the other smelter shall be calculated according to the table in paragraph (c)(1) unless the other smelter has an NSO in effect, in which case the boundaries in that NSO shall be used. The enforceable joint plan shall provide for:

(i) Emission curtailment adequate to ensure that the NAAQS will not be violated in any areas of overlapping DLAs; and

(ii) Conclusive prospective allocation of legal liability in the event that the NAAQS are violated in the area of overlapping DLAs.

Such plans may, but need not, include the operation of a joint SCS system. Each NSO shall require adherence by the NSO applicant owner to the joint plan for emission curtailment and allocation of liability, unless the issuing agency determines, pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (c)(2) of this section, that the NSO applicant’s DLA does not overlap with that of any other smelter.

(2) In the case of any NSO applicant that would have a DLA which would overlap with the DLA of any other smelter whose owner has not applied for an NSO (and does not have an NSO in effect), the NSO applicant’s submittal shall contain a written consent, signed by a corporate official empowered to do so. The consent shall state that if, at any time thereafter, the owner of the other smelter applies for an NSO, and the other smelter’s DLA would overlap with the NSO applicant’s DLA, the NSO applicant will negotiate and submit an enforceable joint plan for emission curtailment and allocation of liability (as described in paragraph (d)(1) of this section). In determining whether it is necessary to submit such a consent, each smelter’s DLA shall be calculated according to the table set forth in paragraph (c)(1) of this section. The consent shall state that a joint plan shall be submitted within 90 days of the issuing agency’s notification to the NSO applicant of receipt of the other smelter’s letter of intent, unless the issuing agency determines that the DLAs do not overlap. Failure of the NSO applicant to submit such a plan shall constitute grounds for denial of its NSO application or a violation of an effective NSO, as applicable.

(e) The SCS operational manual. Each NSO shall require the smelter to be operated in accordance with the provisions of an SCS operational manual approved by the issuing agency. The SCS operational manual shall describe the circumstances under which, the extent to which, and the procedures through which emissions shall be curtailed to prevent violations of the NAAQS in the smelter’s DLA. Failure to curtail emissions when and as much as indicated by the manual or to follow the provisions of the manual implementing the requirements of paragraph (e)(3) of this section shall constitute a violation of the NSO.

(1) The operational manual shall prescribe emission curtailment decisions based on the use of real time information from the air quality monitoring network dispersion model estimates of the effect of emissions on air quality, and meteorological observations and predictions.

(2) The operational manual shall also provide for emission curtailment to prevent violation of the NAAQS within the smelter’s DLA which may be caused in part by stack emissions, and to the extent practicable fugitive emissions, from any other source (unless that other source is a smelter subject to an NSO).

(3) The SCS operational manual shall include (but not be limited to):

(i) A clear delineation of the authority of the SCS operator to require all other smelter personnel to implement the operator’s curtailment decisions;

(ii) The maintenance and calibration procedures and schedules for all SCS equipment;

(iii) A description of the procedures to be followed for the regular acquisition of all meteorological information necessary to operate the system;

(iv) The ambient concentrations and meteorological conditions that will be used as criteria for determining the need for various degrees of emission curtailment;

(v) The meteorological variables as to which judgments may be made in applying the criteria stated pursuant to paragraph (e)(3)(iv) of this section;

(vi) The procedures through which and the maximum time period within which a curtailment decision will be made and implemented by the SCS operator;

(vii) The method for immediately evaluating the adequacy of a particular curtailment decision, including the factors to be considered in that evaluation;

(viii) The procedures through which and the time within which additional necessary curtailment will immediately be effected; and

(ix) The procedures to be followed to protect the NAAQS in the event of a mechanical failure in any element of the SCS.

(f) Continuing review and improvement of the SCS. Each NSO shall require the smelter owner to conduct an active program to continuously review the design and operation of the SCS to determine what measures may be available for improving the performance of the system. Among the elements of this program shall be measures to locate and examine possible places both inside and outside the DLA where unmonitored NAAQS violations may be occurring. Such measures shall include the use of modeling as appropriate and mobile ambient air quality monitors, following up on information and complaints from members of the public, and other appropriate activities. The NSO shall also require the submission of a semi-annual report to the issuing agency detailing the results of this review and specifying measures implemented to prevent the recurrence of any violations of NAAQS.

§ 57.403 Written consent.

(a) The consent. The NSO shall include a written consent, signed by a corporate official empowered to do so, in the following form:

As a condition of receiving a Primary Nonferrous Smelter Order (NSO) under Section 119 of the Clean Air Act, for the smelter operated by (name of company) at (location), the undersigned official, being empowered to do so, consents for the company as follows:

(1) In any civil proceeding (judicial or administrative) to enforce the NSO, the company will not contest:

(a) Liability for any violation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for sulfur dioxide in the smelter’s designated liability area (DLA), except on the ground that a determination under 40 CFR 57.402(c)(3) was clearly wrong; or

(b) The conclusive allocation of liability under NSO provisions satisfying 40 CFR 57.402(d)(1) between the company’s smelter and any other smelter(s) for any violation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for sulfur dioxide in an area of overlapping DLAs.

(2) The issuing agency (as defined in 40 CFR 57.103) will be allowed unrestricted access at reasonable times to inspect, verify calibration of, and obtain data from ambient air quality monitors operated by the company under the requirements of the NSO.

(b) Rights not waived by the consent. This consent shall not be deemed to waive any right(s) to judicial review of any provisions of an NSO that are otherwise available to the smelter owner or operator under section 307(b) of the Clean Air Act.

§ 57.404 Measurements, records, and reports.

(a) Measurements. Each NSO shall require the smelter owner to install, operate, and maintain a measurement system(s) for continuously monitoring sulfur dioxide emissions and stack gas volumetric flow rates in each stack (except a stack used exclusively for bypassing control equipment) which could emit 5 percent or more of the smelter’s total potential (uncontrolled) hourly sulfur dioxide emissions.

(1) Such monitors shall be installed, operated, and maintained in accordance with the performance specifications and other requirements contained in appendices D and E to 40 CFR part 52. The monitors must take and record at least one measurement of sulfur dioxide concentration and stack gas flow rate from the effluent of each affected stack in each fifteen-minute period. (The NSO shall require the smelter operator to devise and implement any procedures necessary for compliance with these performance specifications.)

(2) The sampling point shall be located at least eight stack diameters (diameter measured at sampling point) downstream and two diameters upstream from any flow disturbance such as a bend, expansion, constriction, or flame, unless another location is approved by the Administrator.

(3) The sampling point for monitoring emissions shall be in the duct at the centroid of the cross section if the cross sectional area is less than 4.645 m
2 (50 ft
2) or at a point no closer to the wall than 0.914m (3 ft) if the cross sectional area is 4.645 m
2 (50 ft
2) or more. The monitor sample point shall be in an area of small spatial concentration gradient and shall provide a sample which is representative of the concentration in the duct.

(4) The measurement system(s) installed and used pursuant to this paragraph shall be subject to the manufacturer’s recommended zero adjustment and calibration procedures at least once per 24-hour operating period unless the manufacturer specifies or recommends calibration at shorter intervals, in which case such specifications or recommendations shall be followed. Records of these procedures shall be made which clearly show instrument readings before and after zero adjustment and calibration.

(5) The results of such monitoring, calibration, and maintenance shall be submitted in the form and with the frequency specified in the NSO.

(b) Records. Each NSO shall require the smelter owner to maintain records of the air quality measurements made, meteorological information acquired, emission curtailment ordered (including the identity of the persons making such decisions), and calibration and maintenance performed on SCS monitors during the operation of the SCS. These records shall be maintained for the duration of the NSO.

(1) Submit a monthly summary indicating all places and times at which the NAAQS for SO2 were violated in the smelter’s DLA, and stating the SO2 concentrations at such times;

(2) Immediately notify EPA and the State agency any time concentrations of SO2 in the ambient air in the smelter’s DLA reaches 0.3 part per million (800 micrograms/cubic meter), 24-hour average, or exceed the warning stage in any more stringent emergency plan in the applicable State Implementation Plan; and

(3) Make such other reports as may be specified in the NSO.

§ 57.405 Formulation, approval, and implementation of requirements.

(a) SCS content of the application. The requirements of § 57.203(d) shall be satisfied with respect to this subpart as follows:

(1) Each NSO application shall include a complete description of any supplementary control system in operation at the smelter at the time of application and a copy of any SCS operational manual in use with that system.

(2) Each NSO application shall contain proposed NSO provisions for compliance with the requirements of §§ 57.401, 57.402 (c), (d), and (f), 57.403, 57.404, and 57.405 (b)(2).

(3) Each NSO application shall include a specific plan for the development of a system fulfilling the requirements of § 57.402(a), (b), and (e) (covering air quality monitoring network, meteorological network, and the SCS operational manual).

(b) SCS content of the order. (1) Each NSO shall include an approved version of the plan described in paragraph (a)(3) of this section and shall provide increments of progress towards its completion. Each NSO shall require, upon completion of the measures specified in the approved plan, submission of a report which describes each element of the SCS and explains why the elements satisfy the requirements of the plan and submission of a copy of the SCS operational manual developed under the plan.

(2) Each NSO shall require the submission of a final report, within 6 months of the required date for completion of the measures specified in the approved plan evaluating the performance and adequacy of the SCS developed pursuant to the approved plan. The report shall include:

(i) A detailed description of how the criteria that form the basis for particular curtailment decisions were derived;

(ii) A complete description of each SCS element listed in § 57.402 (a) through (d) (covering monitoring, meteorology, and the DLA), and an explanation of why the elements fulfill the requirements of those sections;

(iii) A reliability study demonstrating that the SCS will prevent violations of the NAAQS in the smelter’s DLA at all times. The reliability study shall include a comprehensive analysis of the system’s operation during one or more three-month seasonal periods when meteorological conditions creating the most serious risk of NAAQS violations are likely to occur. Where it is impossible, because of time restraints, to include in such a study and analysis of the three month seasonal period with meteorological conditions creating the most serious risk of NAAQS violations, the study shall analyze the system’s operation on the basis of all available information. The NSO shall provide that in such case, a supplemental reliability study shall be submitted after the end of the worst case three-month period as a part of the next semi-annual report required under § 57.402(f).

(iv) A copy of the current SCS operational manual.

(c) Amendment of the NSO. Each NSO shall be amended, if necessary, within 3 months of completion of the measures required under the SCS development plan and also, if necessary, within three months of submission of the final report or any supplement to the final report required under paragraph (b)(2) of this section, to reflect the most current approved elements of the SCS and, as appropriate, to fulfill all other requirements of this subpart. Each NSO shall also be subsequently amended (as provided in § 57.104) whenever necessary as a result of the program required by § 57.402(f) or to reflect improved SCS operating procedures or other system requirements.

Subpart E – Fugitive Emission Evaluation and Control

§ 57.501 General requirements.

(a) Each NSO shall require the smelter owner to use such control measures as may be necessary to ensure that the smelter’s fugitive emissions do not result in violations of the NAAQS for SO2 in the smelter’s DLA.

(b) A smelter which is operating under an NSO containing a SIP compliance schedule established in accordance with § 57.705 is required to be making progress toward compliance with any fugitive control requirements contained in its respective SIP and need not meet the other requirements contained in this subpart.

(c) A smelter which is subject to an NSO which does not contain a SIP compliance schedule must meet the provisions of §§ 57.502 and 57.503.

§ 57.502 Evaluation.

(a) Evaluation at the time of application. Any smelter owner may demonstrate at the time of application for an NSO that the smelter’s SO2 fugitive emissions will not cause or significant contribute to violations of the NAAQS in the smelter’s DLA. If such demonstration is not made, the smelter owner shall submit the design and workplan for a study adequate to assess the sources of significant fugitive emissions from the smelter and their effects upon ambient air quality.

(b) Evaluation during the first 6 months of the NSO. The design and workplan of the study shall be approved, if adequate, by the issuing agency and included in the NSO. The study shall commence no later than the date when the NSO becomes effective and an analysis of its results shall be submitted to the issuing agency within 6 months of the effective date of the NSO. The study shall include an appropriate period during which the ambient air shall be monitored to determine the impact of fugitive emissions of sulfur dioxide, arsenic (at copper smelters only), lead (at lead and zinc smelters only), and total suspended particulates on the ambient air quality in the smelter’s DLA.

§ 57.503 Control measures.

The NSO of any smelter subject to the requirements of § 57.502(b) shall be amended, if necessary, within 6 months of EPA’s receipt of the analysis specified in § 57.502(b), as provided in § 57.704(c) to implement the requirement of § 57.501. Measures required to be implemented may include:

(a) Additional supplementary control. The use of the supplementary control system, if the additional use of the system does not interfere with the smelter owner’s ability to meet the requirements of subpart D; and

(b) Engineering and maintenance techniques. The use of engineering and maintenance techniques to detect and prevent leaks and capture and vent fugitive emissions through appropriate stacks. These techniques include but are not limited to:

(1) For reactors, installation and proper operation of primary hoods;

(2) For roasters, installation and proper operation of primary hoods on all hot calcine transfer points;

(3) For furnaces, installation and proper operation of primary hoods on all active matte tap holes, matte launders, slag skim bays, and transfer points;

(4) For converters, installation and proper operation of primary hoods for blowing operations, and where appropriate, secondary hoods for charging and pouring operations;

(5) For sintering machines, installation and proper operation of primary hoods on the sinter bed, all hot sinter ignition points, all concentrate laydown points, and all hot sinter transfer points;

(6) For blast furnaces, installation and proper operation of primary hoods on all active slag and lead bullion furnace tap holes and transfer points;

(7) For dross reverberatory furnaces, installation and proper operation of primary hoods on all active charging and discharging points;

(8) Maintenance of all ducts, flues and stacks in a leak-free condition to the maximum extent possible;

(9) Maintenance of all process equipment under normal operating conditions in such a fashion that out-leakage of fugitive gases will be prevented to the maximum extent possible;

(10) Secondary or tertiary hooding on process equipment where necessary; and

(11) Partial or complete building evacuation as appropriate.

§ 57.504 Continuing evaluation of fugitive emission control measures.

Each NSO shall require the smelter owner to conduct an active program to continuously review the effectiveness of the fugitive emission control measures implemented pursuant to § 57.503 in maintaining the NAAQS and, if such measures are not sufficiently effective, to evaluate what additional measures should be taken to assure that the NAAQS will be maintained with a reasonably degree of reliability. The NSO shall also require submission of a semi-annual report to the issuing Agency detailing the results of this review and evaluation. Such a report may be submitted as part of the report required under § 57.402(f).

§ 57.505 Amendments of the NSO.

An NSO shall be amended within three months of submission of any report required under § 57.504 so as to require additional fugitive emission control measures if such report establishes that such additional measures are necessary to assure that the NAAQS will be maintained with a reasonable degree of reliability.

Subpart F – Research and Development Requirements

§ 57.601 General requirements.

(a) This subpart is not applicable to NSOs which contain a SIP compliance schedule in accordance with § 57.705.

(b) The requirements of this subpart may be waived with respect to a smelter if the owner of that smelter submits with its NSO application a written certification by a corporate official authorized to make such a certification that the smelter will either comply with its SO2 SIP limits by January 2, 1988 or close after January 1, 1988 until it can comply with such limits.

(c) Except as provided in paragraphs (a) and (b), each NSO shall require the smelter to conduct or participate in a specific research and development program designed to develop more effective means of compliance with the sulfur dioxide control requirements of the applicable State Implementation Plan than presently exist.

§ 57.602 Approval of proposal.

(a) The smelter owner’s proposal. The smelter owner’s NSO application shall include a proposed NSO provision for implementing the requirement of § 57.601, a fully documented supporting analysis of the proposed program, and an evaluation of the consistency of the proposed program with the criteria listed in § 57.603. The application shall also specify:

(1) The design and substantive elements of the research and development program, including the expected amount of time required for their implementation;

(2) The annual expected capital, operating, and other costs of each element in the program;

(3) The smelter’s current production processes, pollution control equipment, and emissions which are likely to be affected by the program;

(4) Potential or expected benefits of the program;

(5) The basis upon which the results of the program will be evaluated; and

(6) The names, positions, and qualifications of the individuals responsible for conducting and supervising the project.

(b) EPA approval. (1) If the issuing agency will not be EPA, the smelter owner or the issuing agency may also submit to EPA the information specified in paragraph (a) of this section at the same time the information is submitted to the issuing agency. As soon as possible after the receipt of the information described in paragraph (a) of this section, EPA shall certify to the issuing agency and to the applicant whether or not in the judgment of the Administrator the smelter owner’s final proposals are approvable. If EPA does not receive an advance copy of the proposal, the ultimate approval will occur when the NSO is approved rather than in advance of receipt of the NSO.

(2) A prerequisite for approval of an R&D proposal by EPA and any issuing agency is that the planned work must yield the most cost effective technology possible.

(c) Optional preproposal. The smelter owner may, at its option, submit to EPA for its approval and comment a preproposal generally describing the project the owner intends to propose under paragraph (a) of this section. A preproposal may be submitted to EPA any time prior to the submission of a proposal under paragraph (a) of this section. As soon as possible after the receipt of a preproposal, EPA shall certify to the applicant (and to any other issuing agency, as applicable) whether or not the project would be approvable. This certification may include comments indicating necessary modifications which would make the project approvable.

§ 57.603 Criteria for approval.

The approvability of any proposed research and development program shall be judged primarily according to the following criteria:

(a) The likelihood that the project will result in the use of more effective means of emission limitation by the smelter within a reasonable period of time and that the technology can be implemented at the smelter in question, should the smelter be placed on a SIP compliance schedule at some future date when adequately demonstrated technology is reasonably available;

(b) Whether the proposed funding and staffing of the project appear adequate for its successful completion;

(c) Whether the proposed level of funding for the project is consistent with the research and development expenditure levels for pollution control found in other industries;

(d) The potential that the project may yield industrywide pollution control benefits;

(e) Whether the project may also improve control of other pollutants of both occupational and environmental significance;

(f) The potential effects of the project on energy conservation; and

(g) Other non-air quality health and environmental considerations.

§ 57.604 Evaluation of projects.

The research and development proposal shall include a provision for the employment of a qualified independent engineering firm to prepare written reports at least annually which evaluate each completed significant stage of the research and development program, including all relevant information and data generated by the program. All reports required by this paragraph shall be submitted to EPA and also to the issuing agency if it is not EPA.

§ 57.605 Consent.

Each NSO shall incorporate by reference a binding written consent, signed by a corporate official empowered to do so, requiring the smelter owner to:

(a) Carry out the approved research and development program;

(b) Grant each issuing agency and EPA and their contractors access to any information or data employed or generated in the research and development program, including any process, emissions, or financial records which such agency determines are needed to evaluate the technical or economic merits of the program;

(c) Grant physical access to representatives and contractors of each issuing agency to each facility at which such research is conducted;

(d) Grant the representatives and contractors of EPA and the issuing agency reasonable access to the persons conducting the program on behalf of the smelter owner for discussions of progress, interpretation of data and results, and any other similar purposes as deemed necessary by EPA or any issuing agency.

§ 57.606 Confidentiality.

The provisions of section 114 of the Act and 40 CFR part 2 shall govern the confidentiality of any data or information provided to EPA under this subpart.

Subpart G – Compliance Schedule Requirements

§ 57.701 General requirements.

This section applies to all smelters applying for an NSO. Each NSO shall require the smelter owner to meet all of the requirements within the NSO as expeditiously as practicable but in no case later than the deadlines contained in this subpart or any other section of these regulations. For requirements not immediately effective, the NSO shall provide increments of progress and a schedule for compliance. Each schedule must reflect the extent to which any required equipment or systems are already in place and the extent to which any required reports or studies have already been completed. Requirements for smelters to submit compliance schedules and the procedures which they must follow are outlined below.

§ 57.702 Compliance with constant control emission limitation.

(a) This section applies to all smelters which receive an NSO, but only to the extent this section is compatible with any SIP compliance schedule required by §§ 57.201(d)(2) and 57.705.

(b) Any NSO issued to a smelter not required to immediately comply with the requirements of subpart G under § 57.701 shall contain a schedule for compliance with those requirements as expeditiously as practicable but in no case later than 6 months from the effective date of the NSO, except as follows: Where a waiver is requested in accordance with subpart H, an NSO may be issued without a sc

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