Last updated on September 21st, 2024 at 04:09 pm
Title 40—Protection of Environment–Volume 15
CHAPTER I—ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
SUBCHAPTER C—AIR PROGRAMS (CONTINUED)
PART 63—NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS FOR SOURCE CATEGORIES (CONTINUED)
Subpart ZZZZ—National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Stationary Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines
What This Subpart Covers
§ 63.6580 What is the purpose of subpart ZZZZ?
Subpart ZZZZ establishes national emission limitations and operating limitations for hazardous air pollutants (HAP) emitted from stationary reciprocating internal combustion engines (RICE) located at major and area sources of HAP emissions. This subpart also establishes requirements to demonstrate initial and continuous compliance with the emission limitations and operating limitations.
§ 63.6585 Am I subject to this subpart?
You are subject to this subpart if you own or operate a stationary RICE at a major or area source of HAP emissions, except if the stationary RICE is being tested at a stationary RICE test cell/stand.
(a) A stationary RICE is any internal combustion engine which uses reciprocating motion to convert heat energy into mechanical work and which is not mobile. Stationary RICE differ from mobile RICE in that a stationary RICE is not a non-road engine as defined at 40 CFR 1068.30, and is not used to propel a motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition.
(b) A major source of HAP emissions is a plant site that emits or has the potential to emit any single HAP at a rate of 10 tons (9.07 megagrams) or more per year or any combination of HAP at a rate of 25 tons (22.68 megagrams) or more per year, except that for oil and gas production facilities, a major source of HAP emissions is determined for each surface site.
(c) An area source of HAP emissions is a source that is not a major source.
(d) If you are an owner or operator of an area source subject to this subpart, your status as an entity subject to a standard or other requirements under this subpart does not subject you to the obligation to obtain a permit under 40 CFR part 70 or 71, provided you are not required to obtain a permit under 40 CFR 70.3(a) or 40 CFR 71.3(a) for a reason other than your status as an area source under this subpart. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, you must continue to comply with the provisions of this subpart as applicable.
(e) If you are an owner or operator of a stationary RICE used for national security purposes, you may be eligible to request an exemption from the requirements of this subpart as described in 40 CFR part 1068, subpart C.
(f) The emergency stationary RICE listed in paragraphs (f)(1) through (3) of this section are not subject to this subpart. The stationary RICE must meet the definition of an emergency stationary RICE in § 63.6675, which includes operating according to the provisions specified in § 63.6640(f).
(1) Existing residential emergency stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions that do not operate for the purpose specified in § 63.6640(f)(4)(ii).
(2) Existing commercial emergency stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions that do not operate for the purpose specified in § 63.6640(f)(4)(ii).
(3) Existing institutional emergency stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions that do not operate for the purpose specified in § 63.6640(f)(4)(ii).
§ 63.6590 What parts of my plant does this subpart cover?
This subpart applies to each affected source.
(a) Affected source. An affected source is any existing, new, or reconstructed stationary RICE located at a major or area source of HAP emissions, excluding stationary RICE being tested at a stationary RICE test cell/stand.
(1) Existing stationary RICE.
(i) For stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake horsepower (HP) located at a major source of HAP emissions, a stationary RICE is existing if you commenced construction or reconstruction of the stationary RICE before December 19, 2002.
(ii) For stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, a stationary RICE is existing if you commenced construction or reconstruction of the stationary RICE before June 12, 2006.
(iii) For stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions, a stationary RICE is existing if you commenced construction or reconstruction of the stationary RICE before June 12, 2006.
(iv) A change in ownership of an existing stationary RICE does not make that stationary RICE a new or reconstructed stationary RICE.
(2) New stationary RICE. (i) A stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions is new if you commenced construction of the stationary RICE on or after December 19, 2002.
(ii) A stationary RICE with a site rating of equal to or less than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions is new if you commenced construction of the stationary RICE on or after June 12, 2006.
(iii) A stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions is new if you commenced construction of the stationary RICE on or after June 12, 2006.
(3) Reconstructed stationary RICE. (i) A stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions is reconstructed if you meet the definition of reconstruction in § 63.2 and reconstruction is commenced on or after December 19, 2002.
(ii) A stationary RICE with a site rating of equal to or less than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions is reconstructed if you meet the definition of reconstruction in § 63.2 and reconstruction is commenced on or after June 12, 2006.
(iii) A stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions is reconstructed if you meet the definition of reconstruction in § 63.2 and reconstruction is commenced on or after June 12, 2006.
(b) Stationary RICE subject to limited requirements. (1) An affected source which meets either of the criteria in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (ii) of this section does not have to meet the requirements of this subpart and of subpart A of this part except for the initial notification requirements of § 63.6645(f).
(i) The stationary RICE is a new or reconstructed emergency stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(ii) The stationary RICE is a new or reconstructed limited use stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(2) A new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions which combusts landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis must meet the initial notification requirements of § 63.6645(f) and the requirements of §§ 63.6625(c), 63.6650(g), and 63.6655(c). These stationary RICE do not have to meet the emission limitations and operating limitations of this subpart.
(3) The following stationary RICE do not have to meet the requirements of this subpart and of subpart A of this part, including initial notification requirements:
(i) Existing spark ignition 2 stroke lean burn (2SLB) stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions;
(ii) Existing spark ignition 4 stroke lean burn (4SLB) stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions;
(iii) Existing emergency stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(iv) Existing limited use stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions;
(v) Existing stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions that combusts landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis;
(c) Stationary RICE subject to Regulations under 40 CFR Part 60. An affected source that meets any of the criteria in paragraphs (c)(1) through (7) of this section must meet the requirements of this part by meeting the requirements of 40 CFR part 60 subpart IIII, for compression ignition engines or 40 CFR part 60 subpart JJJJ, for spark ignition engines. No further requirements apply for such engines under this part.
(1) A new or reconstructed stationary RICE located at an area source;
(2) A new or reconstructed 2SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions;
(3) A new or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of less than 250 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions;
(4) A new or reconstructed spark ignition 4 stroke rich burn (4SRB) stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions;
(5) A new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions which combusts landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis;
(6) A new or reconstructed emergency or limited use stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions;
(7) A new or reconstructed compression ignition (CI) stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
§ 63.6595 When do I have to comply with this subpart?
(a) Affected sources. (1) If you have an existing stationary RICE, excluding existing non-emergency CI stationary RICE, with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you must comply with the applicable emission limitations, operating limitations and other requirements no later than June 15, 2007. If you have an existing non-emergency CI stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, an existing stationary CI RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, or an existing stationary CI RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions, you must comply with the applicable emission limitations, operating limitations, and other requirements no later than May 3, 2013. If you have an existing stationary SI RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, or an existing stationary SI RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions, you must comply with the applicable emission limitations, operating limitations, and other requirements no later than October 19, 2013.
(2) If you start up your new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions before August 16, 2004, you must comply with the applicable emission limitations and operating limitations in this subpart no later than August 16, 2004.
(3) If you start up your new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions after August 16, 2004, you must comply with the applicable emission limitations and operating limitations in this subpart upon startup of your affected source.
(4) If you start up your new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions before January 18, 2008, you must comply with the applicable emission limitations and operating limitations in this subpart no later than January 18, 2008.
(5) If you start up your new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions after January 18, 2008, you must comply with the applicable emission limitations and operating limitations in this subpart upon startup of your affected source.
(6) If you start up your new or reconstructed stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions before January 18, 2008, you must comply with the applicable emission limitations and operating limitations in this subpart no later than January 18, 2008.
(7) If you start up your new or reconstructed stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions after January 18, 2008, you must comply with the applicable emission limitations and operating limitations in this subpart upon startup of your affected source.
(b) Area sources that become major sources. If you have an area source that increases its emissions or its potential to emit such that it becomes a major source of HAP, the compliance dates in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section apply to you.
(1) Any stationary RICE for which construction or reconstruction is commenced after the date when your area source becomes a major source of HAP must be in compliance with this subpart upon startup of your affected source.
(2) Any stationary RICE for which construction or reconstruction is commenced before your area source becomes a major source of HAP must be in compliance with the provisions of this subpart that are applicable to RICE located at major sources within 3 years after your area source becomes a major source of HAP.
(c) If you own or operate an affected source, you must meet the applicable notification requirements in § 63.6645 and in 40 CFR part 63, subpart A.
Emission and Operating Limitations
§ 63.6600 What emission limitations and operating limitations must I meet if I own or operate a stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions?
Compliance with the numerical emission limitations established in this subpart is based on the results of testing the average of three 1-hour runs using the testing requirements and procedures in § 63.6620 and Table 4 to this subpart.
(a) If you own or operate an existing, new, or reconstructed spark ignition 4SRB stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you must comply with the emission limitations in Table 1a to this subpart and the operating limitations in Table 1b to this subpart which apply to you.
(b) If you own or operate a new or reconstructed 2SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at major source of HAP emissions, a new or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at major source of HAP emissions, or a new or reconstructed CI stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you must comply with the emission limitations in Table 2a to this subpart and the operating limitations in Table 2b to this subpart which apply to you.
(c) If you own or operate any of the following stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you do not need to comply with the emission limitations in Tables 1a, 2a, 2c, and 2d to this subpart or operating limitations in Tables 1b and 2b to this subpart: an existing 2SLB stationary RICE; an existing 4SLB stationary RICE; a stationary RICE that combusts landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis; an emergency stationary RICE; or a limited use stationary RICE.
(d) If you own or operate an existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you must comply with the emission limitations in Table 2c to this subpart and the operating limitations in Table 2b to this subpart which apply to you.
§ 63.6601 What emission limitations must I meet if I own or operate a new or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of greater than or equal to 250 brake HP and less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions?
Compliance with the numerical emission limitations established in this subpart is based on the results of testing the average of three 1-hour runs using the testing requirements and procedures in § 63.6620 and Table 4 to this subpart. If you own or operate a new or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of greater than or equal to 250 and less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at major source of HAP emissions manufactured on or after January 1, 2008, you must comply with the emission limitations in Table 2a to this subpart and the operating limitations in Table 2b to this subpart which apply to you.
§ 63.6602 What emission limitations and other requirements must I meet if I own or operate an existing stationary RICE with a site rating of equal to or less than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions?
If you own or operate an existing stationary RICE with a site rating of equal to or less than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you must comply with the emission limitations and other requirements in Table 2c to this subpart which apply to you. Compliance with the numerical emission limitations established in this subpart is based on the results of testing the average of three 1-hour runs using the testing requirements and procedures in § 63.6620 and Table 4 to this subpart.
§ 63.6603 What emission limitations, operating limitations, and other requirements must I meet if I own or operate an existing stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions?
Compliance with the numerical emission limitations established in this subpart is based on the results of testing the average of three 1-hour runs using the testing requirements and procedures in § 63.6620 and Table 4 to this subpart.
(a) If you own or operate an existing stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions, you must comply with the requirements in Table 2d to this subpart and the operating limitations in Table 2b to this subpart that apply to you.
(b) If you own or operate an existing stationary non-emergency CI RICE with a site rating of more than 300 HP located at an area source of HAP that meets either paragraph (b)(1) or (2) of this section, you do not have to meet the numerical CO emission limitations specified in Table 2d of this subpart. Existing stationary non-emergency CI RICE with a site rating of more than 300 HP located at an area source of HAP that meet either paragraph (b)(1) or (2) of this section must meet the management practices that are shown for stationary non-emergency CI RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 300 HP in Table 2d of this subpart.
(1) The area source is located in an area of Alaska that is not accessible by the Federal Aid Highway System (FAHS).
(2) The stationary RICE is located at an area source that meets paragraphs (b)(2)(i), (ii), and (iii) of this section.
(i) The only connection to the FAHS is through the Alaska Marine Highway System (AMHS), or the stationary RICE operation is within an isolated grid in Alaska that is not connected to the statewide electrical grid referred to as the Alaska Railbelt Grid.
(ii) At least 10 percent of the power generated by the stationary RICE on an annual basis is used for residential purposes.
(iii) The generating capacity of the area source is less than 12 megawatts, or the stationary RICE is used exclusively for backup power for renewable energy.
(c) If you own or operate an existing stationary non-emergency CI RICE with a site rating of more than 300 HP located on an offshore vessel that is an area source of HAP and is a nonroad vehicle that is an Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) source as defined in 40 CFR 55.2, you do not have to meet the numerical CO emission limitations specified in Table 2d of this subpart. You must meet all of the following management practices:
(1) Change oil every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first. Sources have the option to utilize an oil analysis program as described in § 63.6625(i) in order to extend the specified oil change requirement.
(2) Inspect and clean air filters every 750 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary.
(3) Inspect fuel filters and belts, if installed, every 750 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary.
(4) Inspect all flexible hoses every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary.
(d) If you own or operate an existing non-emergency CI RICE with a site rating of more than 300 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions that is certified to the Tier 1 or Tier 2 emission standards in Table 1 of 40 CFR 89.112 and that is subject to an enforceable state or local standard that requires the engine to be replaced no later than June 1, 2018, you may until January 1, 2015, or 12 years after the installation date of the engine (whichever is later), but not later than June 1, 2018, choose to comply with the management practices that are shown for stationary non-emergency CI RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 300 HP in Table 2d of this subpart instead of the applicable emission limitations in Table 2d, operating limitations in Table 2b, and crankcase ventilation system requirements in § 63.6625(g). You must comply with the emission limitations in Table 2d and operating limitations in Table 2b that apply for non-emergency CI RICE with a site rating of more than 300 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions by January 1, 2015, or 12 years after the installation date of the engine (whichever is later), but not later than June 1, 2018. You must also comply with the crankcase ventilation system requirements in § 63.6625(g) by January 1, 2015, or 12 years after the installation date of the engine (whichever is later), but not later than June 1, 2018.
(e) If you own or operate an existing non-emergency CI RICE with a site rating of more than 300 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions that is certified to the Tier 3 (Tier 2 for engines above 560 kilowatt (kW)) emission standards in Table 1 of 40 CFR 89.112, you may comply with the requirements under this part by meeting the requirements for Tier 3 engines (Tier 2 for engines above 560 kW) in 40 CFR part 60 subpart IIII instead of the emission limitations and other requirements that would otherwise apply under this part for existing non-emergency CI RICE with a site rating of more than 300 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions.
(f) An existing non-emergency SI 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 HP located at area sources of HAP must meet the definition of remote stationary RICE in § 63.6675 on the initial compliance date for the engine, October 19, 2013, in order to be considered a remote stationary RICE under this subpart. Owners and operators of existing non-emergency SI 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 HP located at area sources of HAP that meet the definition of remote stationary RICE in § 63.6675 of this subpart as of October 19, 2013 must evaluate the status of their stationary RICE every 12 months. Owners and operators must keep records of the initial and annual evaluation of the status of the engine. If the evaluation indicates that the stationary RICE no longer meets the definition of remote stationary RICE in § 63.6675 of this subpart, the owner or operator must comply with all of the requirements for existing non-emergency SI 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 HP located at area sources of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE within 1 year of the evaluation.
§ 63.6604 What fuel requirements must I meet if I own or operate a stationary CI RICE?
(a) If you own or operate an existing non-emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 300 brake HP with a displacement of less than 30 liters per cylinder that uses diesel fuel, you must use diesel fuel that meets the requirements in 40 CFR 1090.305 for nonroad diesel fuel.
(b) Beginning January 1, 2015, if you own or operate an existing emergency CI stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 100 brake HP and a displacement of less than 30 liters per cylinder that uses diesel fuel and operates for the purpose specified in § 63.6640(f)(4)(ii), you must use diesel fuel that meets the requirements in 40 CFR 1090.305 for nonroad diesel fuel, except that any existing diesel fuel purchased (or otherwise obtained) prior to January 1, 2015, may be used until depleted.
(c) [Reserved]
(d) Existing CI stationary RICE located in Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, at area sources in areas of Alaska that meet either § 63.6603(b)(1) or § 63.6603(b)(2), or are on offshore vessels that meet § 63.6603(c) are exempt from the requirements of this section.
General Compliance Requirements
§ 63.6605 What are my general requirements for complying with this subpart?
(a) You must be in compliance with the emission limitations, operating limitations, and other requirements in this subpart that apply to you at all times.
(b) At all times you must operate and maintain any affected source, including associated air pollution control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. The general duty to minimize emissions does not require you to make any further efforts to reduce emissions if levels required by this standard have been achieved. Determination of whether such operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and maintenance records, and inspection of the source.
Testing and Initial Compliance Requirements
§ 63.6610 By what date must I conduct the initial performance tests or other initial compliance demonstrations if I own or operate a stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions?
If you own or operate a stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions you are subject to the requirements of this section.
(a) You must conduct the initial performance test or other initial compliance demonstrations in Table 4 to this subpart that apply to you within 180 days after the compliance date that is specified for your stationary RICE in § 63.6595 and according to the provisions in § 63.7(a)(2).
(b) If you commenced construction or reconstruction between December 19, 2002 and June 15, 2004 and own or operate stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you must demonstrate initial compliance with either the proposed emission limitations or the promulgated emission limitations no later than February 10, 2005 or no later than 180 days after startup of the source, whichever is later, according to § 63.7(a)(2)(ix).
(c) If you commenced construction or reconstruction between December 19, 2002 and June 15, 2004 and own or operate stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, and you chose to comply with the proposed emission limitations when demonstrating initial compliance, you must conduct a second performance test to demonstrate compliance with the promulgated emission limitations by December 13, 2007 or after startup of the source, whichever is later, according to § 63.7(a)(2)(ix).
(d) An owner or operator is not required to conduct an initial performance test on units for which a performance test has been previously conducted, but the test must meet all of the conditions described in paragraphs (d)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) The test must have been conducted using the same methods specified in this subpart, and these methods must have been followed correctly.
(2) The test must not be older than 2 years.
(3) The test must be reviewed and accepted by the Administrator.
(4) Either no process or equipment changes must have been made since the test was performed, or the owner or operator must be able to demonstrate that the results of the performance test, with or without adjustments, reliably demonstrate compliance despite process or equipment changes.
(5) The test must be conducted at any load condition within plus or minus 10 percent of 100 percent load.
§ 63.6611 By what date must I conduct the initial performance tests or other initial compliance demonstrations if I own or operate a new or reconstructed 4SLB SI stationary RICE with a site rating of greater than or equal to 250 and less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions?
If you own or operate a new or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of greater than or equal to 250 and less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you must conduct an initial performance test within 240 days after the compliance date that is specified for your stationary RICE in § 63.6595 and according to the provisions specified in Table 4 to this subpart, as appropriate.
§ 63.6612 By what date must I conduct the initial performance tests or other initial compliance demonstrations if I own or operate an existing stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions or an existing stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions?
If you own or operate an existing stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions or an existing stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions you are subject to the requirements of this section.
(a) You must conduct any initial performance test or other initial compliance demonstration according to Tables 4 and 5 to this subpart that apply to you within 180 days after the compliance date that is specified for your stationary RICE in § 63.6595 and according to the provisions in § 63.7(a)(2).
(b) An owner or operator is not required to conduct an initial performance test on a unit for which a performance test has been previously conducted, but the test must meet all of the conditions described in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The test must have been conducted using the same methods specified in this subpart, and these methods must have been followed correctly.
(2) The test must not be older than 2 years.
(3) The test must be reviewed and accepted by the Administrator.
(4) Either no process or equipment changes must have been made since the test was performed, or the owner or operator must be able to demonstrate that the results of the performance test, with or without adjustments, reliably demonstrate compliance despite process or equipment changes.
§ 63.6615 When must I conduct subsequent performance tests?
If you must comply with the emission limitations and operating limitations, you must conduct subsequent performance tests as specified in Table 3 of this subpart.
§ 63.6620 What performance tests and other procedures must I use?
(a) You must conduct each performance test in Tables 3 and 4 of this subpart that applies to you.
(b) Each performance test must be conducted according to the requirements that this subpart specifies in Table 4 to this subpart. If you own or operate a non-operational stationary RICE that is subject to performance testing, you do not need to start up the engine solely to conduct the performance test. Owners and operators of a non-operational engine can conduct the performance test when the engine is started up again. The test must be conducted at any load condition within plus or minus 10 percent of 100 percent load for the stationary RICE listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE with a site rating of greater than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(2) New non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of greater than or equal to 250 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(3) New non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of greater than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(4) New non-emergency CI stationary RICE with a site rating of greater than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(c) [Reserved]
(d) You must conduct three separate test runs for each performance test required in this section, as specified in § 63.7(e)(3). Each test run must last at least 1 hour, unless otherwise specified in this subpart.
(e)(1) You must use Equation 1 of this section to determine compliance with the percent reduction requirement:
(2) You must normalize the CO, THC, or formaldehyde concentrations at the inlet and outlet of the control device to a dry basis and to 15 percent oxygen, or an equivalent percent carbon dioxide (CO
(i) Calculate the fuel-specific F
(ii) Calculate the CO
(iii) Calculate the CO, THC, and formaldehyde gas concentrations adjusted to 15 percent O
(f) If you comply with the emission limitation to reduce CO and you are not using an oxidation catalyst, if you comply with the emission limitation to reduce formaldehyde and you are not using NSCR, or if you comply with the emission limitation to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and you are not using an oxidation catalyst or NSCR, you must petition the Administrator for operating limitations to be established during the initial performance test and continuously monitored thereafter; or for approval of no operating limitations. You must not conduct the initial performance test until after the petition has been approved by the Administrator.
(g) If you petition the Administrator for approval of operating limitations, your petition must include the information described in paragraphs (g)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) Identification of the specific parameters you propose to use as operating limitations;
(2) A discussion of the relationship between these parameters and HAP emissions, identifying how HAP emissions change with changes in these parameters, and how limitations on these parameters will serve to limit HAP emissions;
(3) A discussion of how you will establish the upper and/or lower values for these parameters which will establish the limits on these parameters in the operating limitations;
(4) A discussion identifying the methods you will use to measure and the instruments you will use to monitor these parameters, as well as the relative accuracy and precision of these methods and instruments; and
(5) A discussion identifying the frequency and methods for recalibrating the instruments you will use for monitoring these parameters.
(h) If you petition the Administrator for approval of no operating limitations, your petition must include the information described in paragraphs (h)(1) through (7) of this section.
(1) Identification of the parameters associated with operation of the stationary RICE and any emission control device which could change intentionally (e.g., operator adjustment, automatic controller adjustment, etc.) or unintentionally (e.g., wear and tear, error, etc.) on a routine basis or over time;
(2) A discussion of the relationship, if any, between changes in the parameters and changes in HAP emissions;
(3) For the parameters which could change in such a way as to increase HAP emissions, a discussion of whether establishing limitations on the parameters would serve to limit HAP emissions;
(4) For the parameters which could change in such a way as to increase HAP emissions, a discussion of how you could establish upper and/or lower values for the parameters which would establish limits on the parameters in operating limitations;
(5) For the parameters, a discussion identifying the methods you could use to measure them and the instruments you could use to monitor them, as well as the relative accuracy and precision of the methods and instruments;
(6) For the parameters, a discussion identifying the frequency and methods for recalibrating the instruments you could use to monitor them; and
(7) A discussion of why, from your point of view, it is infeasible or unreasonable to adopt the parameters as operating limitations.
(i) The engine percent load during a performance test must be determined by documenting the calculations, assumptions, and measurement devices used to measure or estimate the percent load in a specific application. A written report of the average percent load determination must be included in the notification of compliance status. The following information must be included in the written report: the engine model number, the engine manufacturer, the year of purchase, the manufacturer’s site-rated brake horsepower, the ambient temperature, pressure, and humidity during the performance test, and all assumptions that were made to estimate or calculate percent load during the performance test must be clearly explained. If measurement devices such as flow meters, kilowatt meters, beta analyzers, stain gauges, etc. are used, the model number of the measurement device, and an estimate of its accurate in percentage of true value must be provided.
(j) Beginning on February 26, 2025, within 60 days after the date of completing each performance test required by this subpart, you must submit the results of the performance test following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k). Data collected using test methods supported by the EPA’s Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA’s ERT website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert) at the time of the test must be submitted in a file format generated using the EPA’s ERT. Alternatively, you may submit an electronic file consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the EPA’s ERT website. Data collected using test methods that are not supported by the EPA’s ERT as listed on the EPA’s ERT website at the time of the test must be included as an attachment in the ERT or alternate electronic file.
§ 63.6625 What are my monitoring, installation, collection, operation, and maintenance requirements?
(a) If you elect to install a CEMS as specified in Table 5 of this subpart, you must install, operate, and maintain a CEMS to monitor CO and either O
(1) Each CEMS must be installed, operated, and maintained according to the applicable performance specifications of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B.
(2) You must conduct an initial performance evaluation and an annual relative accuracy test audit (RATA) of each CEMS according to the requirements in § 63.8 and according to the applicable performance specifications of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B as well as daily and periodic data quality checks in accordance with 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, procedure 1.
(3) As specified in § 63.8(c)(4)(ii), each CEMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of operation (sampling, analyzing, and data recording) for each successive 15-minute period. You must have at least two data points, with each representing a different 15-minute period, to have a valid hour of data.
(4) The CEMS data must be reduced as specified in § 63.8(g)(2) and recorded in parts per million or parts per billion (as appropriate for the applicable limitation) at 15 percent oxygen or the equivalent CO
(5) Beginning on February 26, 2025, within 60 days after the date of completing each continuous emissions monitoring system (CEMS) performance evaluation (as defined in § 63.2) that includes a relative accuracy test audit (RATA), you must submit the results of the performance evaluation following the procedures specified in § 63.9(k). The results of performance evaluations of CEMS measuring RATA pollutants that are supported by the EPA’s ERT as listed on the EPA’s ERT website at the time of the evaluation must be submitted in a file format generated using the EPA’s ERT. Alternatively, you may submit an electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA’s ERT website. The results of performance evaluations of CEMS measuring RATA pollutants that are not supported by the EPA’s ERT as listed on the EPA’s ERT website at the time of the evaluation must be included as an attachment in the ERT or alternate electronic file.
(b) If you are required to install a continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS) as specified in Table 5 of this subpart, you must install, operate, and maintain each CPMS according to the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (6) of this section. For an affected source that is complying with the emission limitations and operating limitations on March 9, 2011, the requirements in paragraph (b) of this section are applicable September 6, 2011.
(1) You must prepare a site-specific monitoring plan that addresses the monitoring system design, data collection, and the quality assurance and quality control elements outlined in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (v) of this section and in § 63.8(d). As specified in § 63.8(f)(4), you may request approval of monitoring system quality assurance and quality control procedures alternative to those specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section in your site-specific monitoring plan.
(i) The performance criteria and design specifications for the monitoring system equipment, including the sample interface, detector signal analyzer, and data acquisition and calculations;
(ii) Sampling interface (e.g., thermocouple) location such that the monitoring system will provide representative measurements;
(iii) Equipment performance evaluations, system accuracy audits, or other audit procedures;
(iv) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with provisions in § 63.8(c)(1)(ii) and (c)(3); and
(v) Ongoing reporting and recordkeeping procedures in accordance with provisions in § 63.10(c), (e)(1), and (e)(2)(i).
(2) You must install, operate, and maintain each CPMS in continuous operation according to the procedures in your site-specific monitoring plan.
(3) The CPMS must collect data at least once every 15 minutes (see also § 63.6635).
(4) For a CPMS for measuring temperature range, the temperature sensor must have a minimum tolerance of 2.8 degrees Celsius (5 degrees Fahrenheit) or 1 percent of the measurement range, whichever is larger.
(5) You must conduct the CPMS equipment performance evaluation, system accuracy audits, or other audit procedures specified in your site-specific monitoring plan at least annually.
(6) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each CPMS in accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan.
(c) If you are operating a new or reconstructed stationary RICE which fires landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis, you must monitor and record your fuel usage daily with separate fuel meters to measure the volumetric flow rate of each fuel. In addition, you must operate your stationary RICE in a manner which reasonably minimizes HAP emissions.
(d) If you are operating a new or reconstructed emergency 4SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of greater than or equal to 250 and less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you must install a non-resettable hour meter prior to the startup of the engine.
(e) If you own or operate any of the following stationary RICE, you must operate and maintain the stationary RICE and after-treatment control device (if any) according to the manufacturer’s emission-related written instructions or develop your own maintenance plan which must provide to the extent practicable for the maintenance and operation of the engine in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practice for minimizing emissions:
(1) An existing stationary RICE with a site rating of less than 100 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions;
(2) An existing emergency or black start stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions;
(3) An existing emergency or black start stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions;
(4) An existing non-emergency, non-black start stationary CI RICE with a site rating less than or equal to 300 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions;
(5) An existing non-emergency, non-black start 2SLB stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions;
(6) An existing non-emergency, non-black start stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions which combusts landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis.
(7) An existing non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB stationary RICE with a site rating less than or equal to 500 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions;
(8) An existing non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB stationary RICE with a site rating less than or equal to 500 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions;
(9) An existing, non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB stationary RICE with a site rating greater than 500 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions that is operated 24 hours or less per calendar year; and
(10) An existing, non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB stationary RICE with a site rating greater than 500 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions that is operated 24 hours or less per calendar year.
(f) If you own or operate an existing emergency stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions or an existing emergency stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions, you must install a non-resettable hour meter if one is not already installed.
(g) If you own or operate an existing non-emergency, non-black start CI engine greater than or equal to 300 HP that is not equipped with a closed crankcase ventilation system, you must comply with either paragraph (g)(1) or paragraph (2) of this section. Owners and operators must follow the manufacturer’s specified maintenance requirements for operating and maintaining the open or closed crankcase ventilation systems and replacing the crankcase filters, or can request the Administrator to approve different maintenance requirements that are as protective as manufacturer requirements. Existing CI engines located at area sources in areas of Alaska that meet either § 63.6603(b)(1) or § 63.6603(b)(2) do not have to meet the requirements of this paragraph (g). Existing CI engines located on offshore vessels that meet § 63.6603(c) do not have to meet the requirements of this paragraph (g).
(1) Install a closed crankcase ventilation system that prevents crankcase emissions from being emitted to the atmosphere, or
(2) Install an open crankcase filtration emission control system that reduces emissions from the crankcase by filtering the exhaust stream to remove oil mist, particulates and metals.
(h) If you operate a new, reconstructed, or existing stationary engine, you must minimize the engine’s time spent at idle during startup and minimize the engine’s startup time to a period needed for appropriate and safe loading of the engine, not to exceed 30 minutes, after which time the emission standards applicable to all times other than startup in Tables 1a, 2a, 2c, and 2d to this subpart apply.
(i) If you own or operate a stationary CI engine that is subject to the work, operation or management practices in items 1 or 2 of table 2c to this subpart or in items 1 or 4 of table 2d to this subpart, you have the option of utilizing an oil analysis program in order to extend the specified oil and filter change requirement in tables 2c and 2d to this subpart. The oil analysis must be performed at the same frequency specified for changing the oil and filter in table 2c or 2d to this subpart. The analysis program must at a minimum analyze the following three parameters: Total Base Number, viscosity, and percent water content. The condemning limits for these parameters are as follows: Total Base Number is less than 30 percent of the Total Base Number of the oil when new; viscosity of the oil has changed by more than 20 percent from the viscosity of the oil when new; or percent water content (by volume) is greater than 0.5. If all of these condemning limits are not exceeded, the engine owner or operator is not required to change the oil and filter. If any of the limits are exceeded, the engine owner or operator must change the oil and filter within 2 business days of receiving the results of the analysis; if the engine is not in operation when the results of the analysis are received, the engine owner or operator must change the oil and filter within 2 business days or before commencing operation, whichever is later. The owner or operator must keep records of the parameters that are analyzed as part of the program, the results of the analysis, and the oil and filter changes for the engine. The analysis program must be part of the maintenance plan for the engine.
(j) If you own or operate a stationary SI engine that is subject to the work, operation or management practices in items 6, 7, or 8 of table 2c to this subpart or in items 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, or 13 of table 2d to this subpart, you have the option of utilizing an oil analysis program in order to extend the specified oil and filter change requirement in tables 2c and 2d to this subpart. The oil analysis must be performed at the same frequency specified for changing the oil and filter in table 2c or 2d to this subpart. The analysis program must at a minimum analyze the following three parameters: Total Acid Number, viscosity, and percent water content. The condemning limits for these parameters are as follows: Total Acid Number increases by more than 3.0 milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) per gram from Total Acid Number of the oil when new; viscosity of the oil has changed by more than 20 percent from the viscosity of the oil when new; or percent water content (by volume) is greater than 0.5. If all of these condemning limits are not exceeded, the engine owner or operator is not required to change the oil and filter. If any of the limits are exceeded, the engine owner or operator must change the oil and filter within 2 business days of receiving the results of the analysis; if the engine is not in operation when the results of the analysis are received, the engine owner or operator must change the oil and filter within 2 business days or before commencing operation, whichever is later. The owner or operator must keep records of the parameters that are analyzed as part of the program, the results of the analysis, and the oil and filter changes for the engine. The analysis program must be part of the maintenance plan for the engine.
§ 63.6630 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limitations, operating limitations, and other requirements?
(a) You must demonstrate initial compliance with each emission limitation, operating limitation, and other requirement that applies to you according to Table 5 of this subpart.
(b) During the initial performance test, you must establish each operating limitation in Tables 1b and 2b of this subpart that applies to you.
(c) You must submit the Notification of Compliance Status containing the results of the initial compliance demonstration according to the requirements in § 63.6645.
(d) Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE complying with the requirement to reduce formaldehyde emissions by 76 percent or more can demonstrate initial compliance with the formaldehyde emission limit by testing for THC instead of formaldehyde. The testing must be conducted according to the requirements in Table 4 of this subpart. The average reduction of emissions of THC determined from the performance test must be equal to or greater than 30 percent.
(e) The initial compliance demonstration required for existing non-emergency 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that are operated more than 24 hours per calendar year must be conducted according to the following requirements:
(1) The compliance demonstration must consist of at least three test runs.
(2) Each test run must be of at least 15 minute duration, except that each test conducted using the method in appendix A to this subpart must consist of at least one measurement cycle and include at least 2 minutes of test data phase measurement.
(3) If you are demonstrating compliance with the CO concentration or CO percent reduction requirement, you must measure CO emissions using one of the CO measurement methods specified in Table 4 of this subpart, or using appendix A to this subpart.
(4) If you are demonstrating compliance with the THC percent reduction requirement, you must measure THC emissions using Method 25A, reported as propane, of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
(5) You must measure O
(6) If you are demonstrating compliance with the CO or THC percent reduction requirement, you must measure CO or THC emissions and O
Continuous Compliance Requirements
§ 63.6635 How do I monitor and collect data to demonstrate continuous compliance?
(a) If you must comply with emission and operating limitations, you must monitor and collect data according to this section.
(b) Except for monitor malfunctions, associated repairs, required performance evaluations, and required quality assurance or control activities, you must monitor continuously at all times that the stationary RICE is operating. A monitoring malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the monitoring to provide valid data. Monitoring failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions.
(c) You may not use data recorded during monitoring malfunctions, associated repairs, and required quality assurance or control activities in data averages and calculations used to report emission or operating levels. You must, however, use all the valid data collected during all other periods.
§ 63.6640 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission limitations, operating limitations, and other requirements?
(a) You must demonstrate continuous compliance with each emission limitation, operating limitation, and other requirements in Tables 1a and 1b, Tables 2a and 2b, Table 2c, and Table 2d to this subpart that apply to you according to methods specified in Table 6 to this subpart.
(b) You must report each instance in which you did not meet each emission limitation or operating limitation in Tables 1a and 1b, Tables 2a and 2b, Table 2c, and Table 2d to this subpart that apply to you. These instances are deviations from the emission and operating limitations in this subpart. These deviations must be reported according to the requirements in § 63.6650. If you change your catalyst, you must reestablish the values of the operating parameters measured during the initial performance test. When you reestablish the values of your operating parameters, you must also conduct a performance test to demonstrate that you are meeting the required emission limitation applicable to your stationary RICE.
(c) The annual compliance demonstration required for existing non-emergency 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that are operated more than 24 hours per calendar year must be conducted according to the following requirements:
(1) The compliance demonstration must consist of at least one test run.
(2) Each test run must be of at least 15 minute duration, except that each test conducted using the method in appendix A to this subpart must consist of at least one measurement cycle and include at least 2 minutes of test data phase measurement.
(3) If you are demonstrating compliance with the CO concentration or CO percent reduction requirement, you must measure CO emissions using one of the CO measurement methods specified in Table 4 of this subpart, or using appendix A to this subpart.
(4) If you are demonstrating compliance with the THC percent reduction requirement, you must measure THC emissions using Method 25A, reported as propane, of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.
(5) You must measure O
(6) If you are demonstrating compliance with the CO or THC percent reduction requirement, you must measure CO or THC emissions and O
(7) If the results of the annual compliance demonstration show that the emissions exceed the levels specified in Table 6 of this subpart, the stationary RICE must be shut down as soon as safely possible, and appropriate corrective action must be taken (e.g., repairs, catalyst cleaning, catalyst replacement). The stationary RICE must be retested within 7 days of being restarted and the emissions must meet the levels specified in Table 6 of this subpart. If the retest shows that the emissions continue to exceed the specified levels, the stationary RICE must again be shut down as soon as safely possible, and the stationary RICE may not operate, except for purposes of startup and testing, until the owner/operator demonstrates through testing that the emissions do not exceed the levels specified in Table 6 of this subpart.
(d) For new, reconstructed, and rebuilt stationary RICE, deviations from the emission or operating limitations that occur during the first 200 hours of operation from engine startup (engine burn-in period) are not violations. Rebuilt stationary RICE means a stationary RICE that has been rebuilt as that term is defined in 40 CFR 94.11(a).
(e) You must also report each instance in which you did not meet the requirements in Table 8 to this subpart that apply to you. If you own or operate a new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions (except new or reconstructed 4SLB engines greater than or equal to 250 and less than or equal to 500 brake HP), a new or reconstructed stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions, or any of the following RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you do not need to comply with the requirements in Table 8 to this subpart: An existing 2SLB stationary RICE, an existing 4SLB stationary RICE, an existing emergency stationary RICE, an existing limited use stationary RICE, or an existing stationary RICE which fires landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis. If you own or operate any of the following RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you do not need to comply with the requirements in Table 8 to this subpart, except for the initial notification requirements: a new or reconstructed stationary RICE that combusts landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis, a new or reconstructed emergency stationary RICE, or a new or reconstructed limited use stationary RICE.
(f) If you own or operate an emergency stationary RICE, you must operate the emergency stationary RICE according to the requirements in paragraphs (f)(1) through (4) of this section. In order for the engine to be considered an emergency stationary RICE under this subpart, any operation other than emergency operation, maintenance and testing, and operation in non-emergency situations for 50 hours per year, as described in paragraphs (f)(1) through (4), is prohibited. If you do not operate the engine according to the requirements in paragraphs (f)(1) through (4), the engine will not be considered an emergency engine under this subpart and must meet all requirements for non-emergency engines.
(1) There is no time limit on the use of emergency stationary RICE in emergency situations.
(2) You may operate your emergency stationary RICE for the purpose specified in paragraph (f)(2)(i) of this section for a maximum of 100 hours per calendar year. Any operation for non-emergency situations as allowed by paragraphs (f)(3) and (4) of this section counts as part of the 100 hours per calendar year allowed by this paragraph (f)(2).
(i) Emergency stationary RICE may be operated for maintenance checks and readiness testing, provided that the tests are recommended by federal, state or local government, the manufacturer, the vendor, the regional transmission organization or equivalent balancing authority and transmission operator, or the insurance company associated with the engine. The owner or operator may petition the Administrator for approval of additional hours to be used for maintenance checks and readiness testing, but a petition is not required if the owner or operator maintains records indicating that federal, state, or local standards require maintenance and testing of emergency RICE beyond 100 hours per calendar year.
(ii)-(iii) [Reserved]
(3) Emergency stationary RICE located at major sources of HAP may be operated for up to 50 hours per calendar year in non-emergency situations. The 50 hours of operation in non-emergency situations are counted as part of the 100 hours per calendar year for maintenance and testing provided in paragraph (f)(2) of this section. The 50 hours per year for non-emergency situations cannot be used for peak shaving or non-emergency demand response, or to generate income for a facility to supply power to an electric grid or otherwise supply power as part of a financial arrangement with another entity.
(4) Emergency stationary RICE located at area sources of HAP may be operated for up to 50 hours per calendar year in non-emergency situations. The 50 hours of operation in non-emergency situations are counted as part of the 100 hours per calendar year for maintenance and testing provided in paragraph (f)(2) of this section. Except as provided in paragraphs (f)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section, the 50 hours per year for non-emergency situations cannot be used for peak shaving or non-emergency demand response, or to generate income for a facility to an electric grid or otherwise supply power as part of a financial arrangement with another entity.
(i) Prior to May 3, 2014, the 50 hours per year for non-emergency situations can be used for peak shaving or non-emergency demand response to generate income for a facility, or to otherwise supply power as part of a financial arrangement with another entity if the engine is operated as part of a peak shaving (load management program) with the local distribution system operator and the power is provided only to the facility itself or to support the local distribution system.
(ii) The 50 hours per year for non-emergency situations can be used to supply power as part of a financial arrangement with another entity if all of the following conditions are met:
(A) The engine is dispatched by the local balancing authority or local transmission and distribution system operator.
(B) The dispatch is intended to mitigate local transmission and/or distribution limitations so as to avert potential voltage collapse or line overloads that could lead to the interruption of power supply in a local area or region.
(C) The dispatch follows reliability, emergency operation or similar protocols that follow specific NERC, regional, state, public utility commission or local standards or guidelines.
(D) The power is provided only to the facility itself or to support the local transmission and distribution system.
(E) The owner or operator identifies and records the entity that dispatches the engine and the specific NERC, regional, state, public utility commission or local standards or guidelines that are being followed for dispatching the engine. The local balancing authority or local transmission and distribution system operator may keep these records on behalf of the engine owner or operator.
Notifications, Reports, and Records
§ 63.6645 What notifications must I submit and when?
(a) You must submit all of the notifications in §§ 63.7(b) and (c), 63.8(e), (f)(4) and (f)(6), 63.9(b) through (e), and (g) and (h) that apply to you by the dates specified if you own or operate any of the following;
(1) An existing stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(2) An existing stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions.
(3) A stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(4) A new or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE with a site rating of greater than or equal to 250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(5) This requirement does not apply if you own or operate an existing stationary RICE less than 100 HP, an existing stationary emergency RICE, or an existing stationary RICE that is not subject to any numerical emission standards.
(b) As specified in § 63.9(b)(2), if you start up your stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions before the effective date of this subpart, you must submit an initial notification not later than December 13, 2004, or no later than 120 days after the source becomes subject to this subpart, whichever is later. Beginning on February 26, 2025, submit the notification electronically in portable document format (PDF) consistent with § 63.9(k).
(c) If you start up your new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions on or after August 16, 2004, you must submit an initial notification not later than 120 days after you become subject to this subpart. Beginning on February 26, 2025, submit the notification electronically in PDF consistent with § 63.9(k).
(d) As specified in § 63.9(b)(2), if you start up your stationary RICE with a site rating of equal to or less than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions before the effective date of this subpart and you are required to submit an initial notification, you must submit an initial notification not later than July 16, 2008, or no later than 120 days after the source becomes subject to this subpart, whichever is later. Beginning on February 26, 2025, submit the notification electronically in PDF consistent with § 63.9(k).
(e) If you start up your new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of equal to or less than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions on or after March 18, 2008, and you are required to submit an initial notification, you must submit an initial notification not later than 120 days after you become subject to this subpart. Beginning on February 26, 2025, submit the notification electronically in PDF consistent with § 63.9(k).
(f) If you are required to submit an Initial Notification but are otherwise not affected by the requirements of this subpart, in accordance with § 63.6590(b), your notification should include the information in § 63.9(b)(2)(i) through (v), and a statement that your stationary RICE has no additional requirements and explain the basis of the exclusion (for example, that it operates exclusively as an emergency stationary RICE if it has a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions).
(g) If you are required to conduct a performance test, you must submit a Notification of Intent to conduct a performance test at least 60 days before the performance test is scheduled to begin as required in § 63.7(b)(1).
(h) If you are required to conduct a performance test or other initial compliance demonstration as specified in Tables 4 and 5 to this subpart, you must submit a Notification of Compliance Status according to § 63.9(h)(2)(ii).
(1) For each initial compliance demonstration required in Table 5 to this subpart that does not include a performance test, you must submit the Notification of Compliance Status before the close of business on the 30th day following the completion of the initial compliance demonstration.
(2) Before February 26, 2025, for each initial compliance demonstration required in table 5 to this subpart that includes a performance test conducted according to the requirements in table 3 to this subpart, you must submit the Notification of Compliance Status, including the performance test results, before the close of business on the 60th day following the completion of the performance test according to § 63.10(d)(2). Beginning on February 26, 2025, for each initial compliance demonstration required in table 5 to this subpart that includes a performance test conducted according to the requirements in table 3 to this subpart, you must submit the Notification of Compliance Status, including a summary of the performance test results, in PDF to the EPA via the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI), before the close of business on the 60th day following the completion of the performance test following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k), except any Confidential Business Information (CBI) is to be submitted according to paragraphs (h)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section. Do not use CEDRI to submit information you claim as CBI. Although we do not expect persons to assert a claim of CBI, if you wish to assert a CBI claim for some of the information in the report, you must submit a complete file, including information claimed to be CBI, to the EPA following the procedures in paragraphs (h)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section. Clearly mark the part or all of the information that you claim to be CBI. Information not marked as CBI may be authorized for public release without prior notice. Information marked as CBI will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2. All CBI claims must be asserted at the time of submission. Anything submitted using CEDRI cannot later be claimed CBI. Furthermore, under CAA section 114(c), emissions data is not entitled to confidential treatment, and the EPA is required to make emissions data available to the public. Thus, emissions data will not be protected as CBI and will be made publicly available. You must submit the same file submitted to the CBI office with the CBI omitted to the EPA via the EPA’s CDX as described earlier in this paragraph (h)(2).
(i) The preferred method to receive CBI is for it to be transmitted electronically using email attachments, File Transfer Protocol, or other online file sharing services. Electronic submissions must be transmitted directly to the OAQPS CBI Office at the email address [email protected], and as described in paragraph (h)(2) of this section, should include clear CBI markings and be flagged to the attention of the Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine Sector Lead. If assistance is needed with submitting large electronic files that exceed the file size limit for email attachments, and if you do not have your own file sharing service, please email [email protected] to request a file transfer link.
(ii) If you cannot transmit the file electronically, you may send CBI information through the postal service to the following address: OAQPS Document Control Officer (C404-02), OAQPS, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 109 T.W. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12055, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, Attention Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine Sector Lead. The mailed CBI material should be double wrapped and clearly marked. Any CBI markings should not show through the outer envelope.
(i) If you own or operate an existing non-emergency CI RICE with a site rating of more than 300 HP located at an area source of HAP emissions that is certified to the Tier 1 or Tier 2 emission standards in Table 1 of 40 CFR 89.112 and subject to an enforceable state or local standard requiring engine replacement and you intend to meet management practices rather than emission limits, as specified in § 63.6603(d), you must submit a notification by March 3, 2013, stating that you intend to use the provision in § 63.6603(d) and identifying the state or local regulation that the engine is subject to.
§ 63.6650 What reports must I submit and when?
(a) You must submit each report in Table 7 of this subpart that applies to you.
(b) Unless the Administrator has approved a different schedule for submission of reports under § 63.10(a), you must submit each report by the date in Table 7 of this subpart and according to the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(9) of this section.
(1) For semiannual Compliance reports, the first Compliance report must cover the period beginning on the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.6595 and ending on June 30 or December 31, whichever date is the first date following the end of the first calendar half after the compliance date that is specified for your source in § 63.6595.
(2) For semiannual Compliance reports, the first Compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no later than July 31 or January 31, whichever date follows the end of the first calendar half after the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.6595.
(3) For semiannual Compliance reports, each subsequent Compliance report must cover the semiannual reporting period from January 1 through June 30 or the semiannual reporting period from July 1 through December 31.
(4) For semiannual Compliance reports, each subsequent Compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no later than July 31 or January 31, whichever date is the first date following the end of the semiannual reporting period.
(5) For each stationary RICE that is subject to permitting regulations pursuant to 40 CFR part 70 or 71, and if the permitting authority has established dates for submitting semiannual reports pursuant to 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 40 CFR 71.6 (a)(3)(iii)(A), you may submit the first and subsequent Compliance reports according to the dates the permitting authority has established instead of according to the dates in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this section.
(6) For annual Compliance reports, the first Compliance report must cover the period beginning on the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.6595 and ending on December 31.
(7) For annual Compliance reports, the first Compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no later than January 31 following the end of the first calendar year after the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.6595.
(8) For annual Compliance reports, each subsequent Compliance report must cover the annual reporting period from January 1 through December 31.
(9) For annual Compliance reports, each subsequent Compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no later than January 31.
(c) The Compliance report must contain the information in paragraphs (c)(1) through (8) of this section.
(1) Company name and address.
(2) Statement by a responsible official, with that official’s name, title, and signature, certifying the accuracy of the content of the report.
(3) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period.
(4) If you had a malfunction during the reporting period, the compliance report must include the starting and ending date and time, the duration (in hours), and a brief description for each malfunction which occurred during the reporting period and which caused or may have caused any applicable emission limitation to be exceeded. The report must also include a description of actions taken by an owner or operator during a malfunction of an affected source to minimize emissions in accordance with § 63.6605(b), including actions taken to correct a malfunction.
(5) If there are no deviations from any emission or operating limitations that apply to you, a statement that there were no deviations from the emission or operating limitations during the reporting period.
(6) If there were no periods during which the continuous monitoring system (CMS), including CEMS and CPMS, was out-of-control, as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), a statement that there were no periods during which the CMS was out-of-control during the reporting period.
(7) Engine site rating in brake HP, year construction of the engine commenced (as defined in § 63.2, where the exact year is not known, provide the best estimate), and type of engine (CI, SI 2SLB, SI 4SLB, or SI 4SRB).
(8) Latitude and longitude of the engine in decimal degrees reported to the fifth decimal place.
(9) An engine can be claimed as exempt from reporting coordinates (latitude/longitude) via CEDRI if:
(i) During the reporting period, the engine will be owned by, or operated by or for, an agency of the Federal Government responsible for national defense; and
(ii) The agency determines that disclosing the coordinates to the general public would be a threat to national security.
(d) For each deviation from an emission or operating limitation that occurs for a stationary RICE where you are not using a CMS to comply with the emission or operating limitations in this subpart, the Compliance report must contain the information in paragraphs (c)(1) through (8) of this section and the information in paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) The total operating time (in hours) of the stationary RICE at which the deviation occurred during the reporting period.
(2) Information on the number, duration (in hours), and cause of deviations (including unknown cause, if applicable), as applicable, and the corrective action taken.
(3) A description of any changes in processes, or controls since the last reporting period.
(e) For each deviation from an emission or operating limitation occurring for a stationary RICE where you are using a CMS to comply with the emission and operating limitations in this subpart, you must include information in paragraphs (c)(1) through (8) and (e)(1) through (13) of this section.
(1) The date and time that each malfunction started and stopped.
(2) The start and end date and time and the duration (in hours) that each CMS was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-level checks.
(3) The start and end date and time and the duration (in hours) that each CMS was out-of-control, including the information in § 63.8(c)(8).
(4) The date and time that each deviation started and stopped, and whether each deviation occurred during a period of malfunction or during another period.
(5) A summary of the total duration (in hours) of the deviation during the reporting period, and the total duration as a percent of the total source operating time during that reporting period.
(6) A breakdown of the total duration (in hours) of the deviations during the reporting period into those that are due to control equipment problems, process problems, other known causes, and other unknown causes.
(7) A summary of the total duration (in hours) of CMS downtime during the reporting period, and the total duration of CMS downtime as a percent of the total operating time of the stationary RICE at which the CMS downtime occurred during that reporting period.
(8) An identification of each parameter and pollutant (CO or formaldehyde) that was monitored at the stationary RICE.
(9) [Reserved]
(10) A brief description of the CMS.
(11) The date of the latest CMS certification or audit.
(12) A description of any changes in CMS, processes, or controls since the last reporting period.
(13) The total operating time of the stationary RICE at which the deviation occurred during the reporting period.
(f) Each affected source that has obtained a title V operating permit pursuant to 40 CFR part 70 or 71 must report all deviations as defined in this subpart in the semiannual monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6 (a)(3)(iii)(A) or 40 CFR 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A). If an affected source submits a Compliance report pursuant to table 7 of this subpart along with, or as part of, the semiannual monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 40 CFR 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), and the Compliance report includes all required information concerning deviations from any emission or operating limitation in this subpart, submission of the Compliance report shall be deemed to satisfy any obligation to report the same deviations in the semiannual monitoring report. However, submission of a Compliance report shall not otherwise affect any obligation the affected source may have to report deviations from permit requirements to the permit authority. Beginning on February 26, 2025, the semiannual and annual compliance report required in table 7 of this subpart must be submitted according to paragraph (i) of this section. Only those elements required under this subpart are required to be submitted according to paragraph (i) of this section.
(g) If you are operating as a new or reconstructed stationary RICE which fires landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis, you must submit an annual report according to Table 7 of this subpart by the date specified unless the Administrator has approved a different schedule, according to the information described in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this section. You must report the data specified in (g)(1) through (g)(3) of this section.
(1) Fuel flow rate of each fuel and the heating values that were used in your calculations. You must also demonstrate that the percentage of heat input provided by landfill gas or digester gas is equivalent to 10 percent or more of the total fuel consumption on an annual basis.
(2) The operating limits provided in your federally enforceable permit, and any deviations from these limits.
(3) Any problems or errors suspected with the meters.
(h) If you own or operate an emergency stationary RICE with a site rating of more than 100 brake HP that operates for the purpose specified in § 63.6640(f)(4)(ii), you must submit an annual report according to the requirements in paragraphs (h)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) The report must contain the following information:
(i) Company name and address where the engine is located.
(ii) Date of the report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period.
(iii) Engine site rating in brake HP, year construction of the engine commenced (as defined in § 63.2, where the exact year is not known, provide the best estimate), and type of engine (CI, SI 2SLB, SI 4SLB, or SI 4SRB).
(iv) Latitude and longitude of the engine in decimal degrees reported to the fifth decimal place.
(v)-(vi) [Reserved]
(vii) Hours spent for operation for the purpose specified in § 63.6640(f)(4)(ii), including the date, start time, and end time for engine operation for the purposes specified in § 63.6640(f)(4)(ii). The report must also identify the entity that dispatched the engine and the situation that necessitated the dispatch of the engine.
(viii) If there were no deviations from the fuel requirements in § 63.6604 that apply to the engine (if any), a statement that there were no deviations from the fuel requirements during the reporting period.
(ix) If there were deviations from the fuel requirements in § 63.6604 that apply to the engine (if any), information on the number, duration (in hours), and cause of deviations, and the corrective action taken.
(2) The first annual report must cover the calendar year 2015 and must be submitted no later than March 31, 2016. Subsequent annual reports for each calendar year must be submitted no later than March 31 of the following calendar year.
(3) Before February 26, 2025, the annual report must be submitted electronically using the subpart specific reporting form in the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI) that is accessed through EPA’s Central Data Exchange (CDX) (https://cdx.epa.gov/). However, if the reporting form specific to this subpart is not available in CEDRI at the time that the report is due, the written report must be submitted to the Administrator at the appropriate address listed in § 63.13. Beginning on February 26, 2025, the annual report must be submitted according to paragraph (i) of this section.
(i) Beginning on February 26, 2025 for the annual report specified in § 63.6650(h) and February 26, 2025 or one year after the report becomes available in CEDRI, whichever is later for all other semiannual or annual reports, submit all semiannual and annual subsequent compliance reports using the appropriate electronic report template on the CEDRI website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/cedri) for this subpart and following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k), except any CBI must be submitted according to the procedures in § 63.6645(h). The date report templates become available will be listed on the CEDRI website. Unless the Administrator or delegated state agency or other authority has approved a different schedule for submission of reports, the report must be submitted by the deadline specified in this subpart, regardless of the method in which the report is submitted.
§ 63.6655 What records must I keep?
(a) If you must comply with the emission and operating limitations, you must keep the records described in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(5), (b)(1) through (b)(3) and (c) of this section.
(1) A copy of each notification and report that you submitted to comply with this subpart, including all documentation supporting any Initial Notification or Notification of Compliance Status that you submitted, according to the requirement in § 63.10(b)(2)(xiv).
(2) Records of the occurrence and duration (in hours) of each malfunction of operation (i.e., process equipment) or the air pollution control and monitoring equipment.
(3) Records of performance tests and performance evaluations as required in § 63.10(b)(2)(viii).
(4) Records of all required maintenance performed on the air pollution control and monitoring equipment.
(5) Records of actions taken during periods of malfunction to minimize emissions in accordance with § 63.6605(b), including corrective actions to restore malfunctioning process and air pollution control and monitoring equipment to its normal or usual manner of operation.
(b) For each CEMS or CPMS, you must keep the records listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Records described in § 63.10(b)(2)(vi) through (xi).
(2) Previous (i.e., superseded) versions of the performance evaluation plan as required in § 63.8(d)(3).
(3) Requests for alternatives to the relative accuracy test for CEMS or CPMS as required in § 63.8(f)(6)(i), if applicable.
(c) If you are operating a new or reconstructed stationary RICE which fires landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis, you must keep the records of your daily fuel usage monitors.
(d) You must keep the records required in Table 6 of this subpart to show continuous compliance with each emission or operating limitation that applies to you.
(e) You must keep records of the maintenance conducted on the stationary RICE in order to demonstrate that you operated and maintained the stationary RICE and after-treatment control device (if any) according to your own maintenance plan if you own or operate any of the following stationary RICE;
(1) An existing stationary RICE with a site rating of less than 100 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions.
(2) An existing stationary emergency RICE.
(3) An existing stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions subject to management practices as shown in Table 2d to this subpart.
(f) If you own or operate any of the stationary RICE in paragraphs (f)(1) through (2) of this section, you must keep records of the hours of operation of the engine that is recorded through the non-resettable hour meter. The owner or operator must document how many hours are spent for emergency operation, including what classified the operation as emergency and how many hours are spent for non-emergency operation. If the engine is used for the purpose specified in § 63.6640(f)(4)(ii), the owner or operator must keep records of the notification of the emergency situation, and the date, start time, and end time of engine operation for these purposes.
(1) An existing emergency stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions that does not meet the standards applicable to non-emergency engines.
(2) An existing emergency stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions that does not meet the standards applicable to non-emergency engines.
§ 63.6660 In what form and how long must I keep my records?
(a) Your records must be in a form suitable and readily available for expeditious review according to § 63.10(b)(1).
(b) As specified in § 63.10(b)(1), you must keep each record for 5 years following the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record.
(c) You must keep each record readily accessible in hard copy or electronic form for at least 5 years after the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record, according to § 63.10(b)(1).
Other Requirements and Information
§ 63.6665 What parts of the General Provisions apply to me?
Table 8 to this subpart shows which parts of the General Provisions in §§ 63.1 through 63.15 apply to you. If you own or operate a new or reconstructed stationary RICE with a site rating of less than or equal to 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions (except new or reconstructed 4SLB engines greater than or equal to 250 and less than or equal to 500 brake HP), a new or reconstructed stationary RICE located at an area source of HAP emissions, or any of the following RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you do not need to comply with any of the requirements of the General Provisions specified in Table 8: An existing 2SLB stationary RICE, an existing 4SLB stationary RICE, an existing stationary RICE that combusts landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis, an existing emergency stationary RICE, or an existing limited use stationary RICE. If you own or operate any of the following RICE with a site rating of more than 500 brake HP located at a major source of HAP emissions, you do not need to comply with the requirements in the General Provisions specified in Table 8 except for the initial notification requirements: A new stationary RICE that combusts landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis, a new emergency stationary RICE, or a new limited use stationary RICE.
§ 63.6670 Who implements and enforces this subpart?
(a) This subpart is implemented and enforced by the U.S. EPA, or a delegated authority such as your State, local, or tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has delegated authority to your State, local, or tribal agency, then that agency (as well as the U.S. EPA) has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. You should contact your U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out whether this subpart is delegated to your State, local, or tribal agency.
(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a State, local, or tribal agency under 40 CFR part 63, subpart E, the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this section are retained by the Administrator of the U.S. EPA and are not transferred to the State, local, or tribal agency.
(c) The authorities that will not be delegated to State, local, or tribal agencies are:
(1) Approval of alternatives to the non-opacity emission limitations and operating limitations in § 63.6600 under § 63.6(g).
(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods under § 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring under § 63.8(f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting under § 63.10(f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(5) Approval of a performance test which was conducted prior to the effective date of the rule, as specified in § 63.6610(b).
(6) Approval of an alternative to any electronic reporting to the EPA required by this subpart.
§ 63.6675 What definitions apply to this subpart?
Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act (CAA); in 40 CFR 63.2, the General Provisions of this part; and in this section as follows:
Alaska Railbelt Grid means the service areas of the six regulated public utilities that extend from Fairbanks to Anchorage and the Kenai Peninsula. These utilities are Golden Valley Electric Association; Chugach Electric Association; Matanuska Electric Association; Homer Electric Association; Anchorage Municipal Light & Power; and the City of Seward Electric System.
Area source means any stationary source of HAP that is not a major source as defined in part 63.
Associated equipment as used in this subpart and as referred to in section 112(n)(4) of the CAA, means equipment associated with an oil or natural gas exploration or production well, and includes all equipment from the well bore to the point of custody transfer, except glycol dehydration units, storage vessels with potential for flash emissions, combustion turbines, and stationary RICE.
Backup power for renewable energy means an engine that provides backup power to a facility that generates electricity from renewable energy resources, as that term is defined in Alaska Statute 42.45.045(l)(5) (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14).
Black start engine means an engine whose only purpose is to start up a combustion turbine.
CAA means the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq., as amended by Public Law 101-549, 104 Stat. 2399).
Commercial emergency stationary RICE means an emergency stationary RICE used in commercial establishments such as office buildings, hotels, stores, telecommunications facilities, restaurants, financial institutions such as banks, doctor’s offices, and sports and performing arts facilities.
Compression ignition means relating to a type of stationary internal combustion engine that is not a spark ignition engine.
Custody transfer means the transfer of hydrocarbon liquids or natural gas: After processing and/or treatment in the producing operations, or from storage vessels or automatic transfer facilities or other such equipment, including product loading racks, to pipelines or any other forms of transportation. For the purposes of this subpart, the point at which such liquids or natural gas enters a natural gas processing plant is a point of custody transfer.
Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source:
(1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this subpart, including but not limited to any emission limitation or operating limitation;
(2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit; or
(3) Fails to meet any emission limitation or operating limitation in this subpart during malfunction, regardless or whether or not such failure is permitted by this subpart.
(4) Fails to satisfy the general duty to minimize emissions established by § 63.6(e)(1)(i).
Diesel engine means any stationary RICE in which a high boiling point liquid fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites when the air charge has been compressed to a temperature sufficiently high for auto-ignition. This process is also known as compression ignition.
Diesel fuel means any liquid obtained from the distillation of petroleum with a boiling point of approximately 150 to 360 degrees Celsius. One commonly used form is fuel oil number 2. Diesel fuel also includes any non-distillate fuel with comparable physical and chemical properties (e.g. biodiesel) that is suitable for use in compression ignition engines.
Digester gas means any gaseous by-product of wastewater treatment typically formed through the anaerobic decomposition of organic waste materials and composed principally of methane and CO
Dual-fuel engine means any stationary RICE in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is used for compression ignition and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel.
Emergency stationary RICE means any stationary reciprocating internal combustion engine that meets all of the criteria in paragraphs (1) through (3) of this definition. All emergency stationary RICE must comply with the requirements specified in § 63.6640(f) in order to be considered emergency stationary RICE. If the engine does not comply with the requirements specified in § 63.6640(f), then it is not considered to be an emergency stationary RICE under this subpart.
(1) The stationary RICE is operated to provide electrical power or mechanical work during an emergency situation. Examples include stationary RICE used to produce power for critical networks or equipment (including power supplied to portions of a facility) when electric power from the local utility (or the normal power source, if the facility runs on its own power production) is interrupted, or stationary RICE used to pump water in the case of fire or flood, etc.
(2) The stationary RICE is operated under limited circumstances for situations not included in paragraph (1) of this definition, as specified in § 63.6640(f).
(3) The stationary RICE operates as part of a financial arrangement with another entity in situations not included in paragraph (1) of this definition only as allowed in § 63.6640(f)(4)(i) or (ii).
Engine startup means the time from initial start until applied load and engine and associated equipment reaches steady state or normal operation. For stationary engine with catalytic controls, engine startup means the time from initial start until applied load and engine and associated equipment, including the catalyst, reaches steady state or normal operation.
Four-stroke engine means any type of engine which completes the power cycle in two crankshaft revolutions, with intake and compression strokes in the first revolution and power and exhaust strokes in the second revolution.
Gaseous fuel means a material used for combustion which is in the gaseous state at standard atmospheric temperature and pressure conditions.
Gasoline means any fuel sold in any State for use in motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines, or nonroad or stationary engines, and commonly or commercially known or sold as gasoline.
Glycol dehydration unit means a device in which a liquid glycol (including, but not limited to, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, or triethylene glycol) absorbent directly contacts a natural gas stream and absorbs water in a contact tower or absorption column (absorber). The glycol contacts and absorbs water vapor and other gas stream constituents from the natural gas and becomes “rich” glycol. This glycol is then regenerated in the glycol dehydration unit reboiler. The “lean” glycol is then recycled.
Hazardous air pollutants (HAP) means any air pollutants listed in or pursuant to section 112(b) of the CAA.
Institutional emergency stationary RICE means an emergency stationary RICE used in institutional establishments such as medical centers, nursing homes, research centers, institutions of higher education, correctional facilities, elementary and secondary schools, libraries, religious establishments, police stations, and fire stations.
ISO standard day conditions means 288 degrees Kelvin (15 degrees Celsius), 60 percent relative humidity and 101.3 kilopascals pressure.
Landfill gas means a gaseous by-product of the land application of municipal refuse typically formed through the anaerobic decomposition of waste materials and composed principally of methane and CO
Lean burn engine means any two-stroke or four-stroke spark ignited engine that does not meet the definition of a rich burn engine.
Limited use stationary RICE means any stationary RICE that operates less than 100 hours per year.
Liquefied petroleum gas means any liquefied hydrocarbon gas obtained as a by-product in petroleum refining of natural gas production.
Liquid fuel means any fuel in liquid form at standard temperature and pressure, including but not limited to diesel, residual/crude oil, kerosene/naphtha (jet fuel), and gasoline.
Major Source, as used in this subpart, shall have the same meaning as in § 63.2, except that:
(1) Emissions from any oil or gas exploration or production well (with its associated equipment (as defined in this section)) and emissions from any pipeline compressor station or pump station shall not be aggregated with emissions from other similar units, to determine whether such emission points or stations are major sources, even when emission points are in a contiguous area or under common control;
(2) For oil and gas production facilities, emissions from processes, operations, or equipment that are not part of the same oil and gas production facility, as defined in § 63.1271 of subpart HHH of this part, shall not be aggregated;
(3) For production field facilities, only HAP emissions from glycol dehydration units, storage vessel with the potential for flash emissions, combustion turbines and reciprocating internal combustion engines shall be aggregated for a major source determination; and
(4) Emissions from processes, operations, and equipment that are not part of the same natural gas transmission and storage facility, as defined in § 63.1271 of subpart HHH of this part, shall not be aggregated.
Malfunction means any sudden, infrequent, and not reasonably preventable failure of air pollution control equipment, process equipment, or a process to operate in a normal or usual manner which causes, or has the potential to cause, the emission limitations in an applicable standard to be exceeded. Failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions.
Natural gas means a naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbon and non-hydrocarbon gases found in geologic formations beneath the Earth’s surface, of which the principal constituent is methane. Natural gas may be field or pipeline quality.
Non-selective catalytic reduction (NSCR) means an add-on catalytic nitrogen oxides (NO
Oil and gas production facility as used in this subpart means any grouping of equipment where hydrocarbon liquids are processed, upgraded (i.e., remove impurities or other constituents to meet contract specifications), or stored prior to the point of custody transfer; or where natural gas is processed, upgraded, or stored prior to entering the natural gas transmission and storage source category. For purposes of a major source determination, facility (including a building, structure, or installation) means oil and natural gas production and processing equipment that is located within the boundaries of an individual surface site as defined in this section. Equipment that is part of a facility will typically be located within close proximity to other equipment located at the same facility. Pieces of production equipment or groupings of equipment located on different oil and gas leases, mineral fee tracts, lease tracts, subsurface or surface unit areas, surface fee tracts, surface lease tracts, or separate surface sites, whether or not connected by a road, waterway, power line or pipeline, shall not be considered part of the same facility. Examples of facilities in the oil and natural gas production source category include, but are not limited to, well sites, satellite tank batteries, central tank batteries, a compressor station that transports natural gas to a natural gas processing plant, and natural gas processing plants.
Oxidation catalyst means an add-on catalytic control device that controls CO and VOC by oxidation.
Peaking unit or engine means any standby engine intended for use during periods of high demand that are not emergencies.
Percent load means the fractional power of an engine compared to its maximum manufacturer’s design capacity at engine site conditions. Percent load may range between 0 percent to above 100 percent.
Potential to emit means the maximum capacity of a stationary source to emit a pollutant under its physical and operational design. Any physical or operational limitation on the capacity of the stationary source to emit a pollutant, including air pollution control equipment and restrictions on hours of operation or on the type or amount of material combusted, stored, or processed, shall be treated as part of its design if the limitation or the effect it would have on emissions is federally enforceable. For oil and natural gas production facilities subject to subpart HH of this part, the potential to emit provisions in § 63.760(a) may be used. For natural gas transmission and storage facilities subject to subpart HHH of this part, the maximum annual facility gas throughput for storage facilities may be determined according to § 63.1270(a)(1) and the maximum annual throughput for transmission facilities may be determined according to § 63.1270(a)(2).
Production field facility means those oil and gas production facilities located prior to the point of custody transfer.
Production well means any hole drilled in the earth from which crude oil, condensate, or field natural gas is extracted.
Propane means a colorless gas derived from petroleum and natural gas, with the molecular structure C
Remote stationary RICE means stationary RICE meeting any of the following criteria:
(1) Stationary RICE located in an offshore area that is beyond the line of ordinary low water along that portion of the coast of the United States that is in direct contact with the open seas and beyond the line marking the seaward limit of inland waters.
(2) Stationary RICE located on a pipeline segment that meets both of the criteria in paragraphs (2)(i) and (ii) of this definition.
(i) A pipeline segment with 10 or fewer buildings intended for human occupancy and no buildings with four or more stories within 220 yards (200 meters) on either side of the centerline of any continuous 1-mile (1.6 kilometers) length of pipeline. Each separate dwelling unit in a multiple dwelling unit building is counted as a separate building intended for human occupancy.
(ii) The pipeline segment does not lie within 100 yards (91 meters) of either a building or a small, well-defined outside area (such as a playground, recreation area, outdoor theater, or other place of public assembly) that is occupied by 20 or more persons on at least 5 days a week for 10 weeks in any 12-month period. The days and weeks need not be consecutive. The building or area is considered occupied for a full day if it is occupied for any portion of the day.
(iii) For purposes of this paragraph (2), the term pipeline segment means all parts of those physical facilities through which gas moves in transportation, including but not limited to pipe, valves, and other appurtenance attached to pipe, compressor units, metering stations, regulator stations, delivery stations, holders, and fabricated assemblies. Stationary RICE located within 50 yards (46 meters) of the pipeline segment providing power for equipment on a pipeline segment are part of the pipeline segment. Transportation of gas means the gathering, transmission, or distribution of gas by pipeline, or the storage of gas. A building is intended for human occupancy if its primary use is for a purpose involving the presence of humans.
(3) Stationary RICE that are not located on gas pipelines and that have 5 or fewer buildings intended for human occupancy and no buildings with four or more stories within a 0.25 mile radius around the engine. A building is intended for human occupancy if its primary use is for a purpose involving the presence of humans.
Residential emergency stationary RICE means an emergency stationary RICE used in residential establishments such as homes or apartment buildings.
Responsible official means responsible official as defined in 40 CFR 70.2.
Rich burn engine means any four-stroke spark ignited engine where the manufacturer’s recommended operating air/fuel ratio divided by the stoichiometric air/fuel ratio at full load conditions is less than or equal to 1.1. Engines originally manufactured as rich burn engines, but modified prior to December 19, 2002 with passive emission control technology for NO
Site-rated HP means the maximum manufacturer’s design capacity at engine site conditions.
Spark ignition means relating to either: A gasoline-fueled engine; or any other type of engine with a spark plug (or other sparking device) and with operating characteristics significantly similar to the theoretical Otto combustion cycle. Spark ignition engines usually use a throttle to regulate intake air flow to control power during normal operation. Dual-fuel engines in which a liquid fuel (typically diesel fuel) is used for CI and gaseous fuel (typically natural gas) is used as the primary fuel at an annual average ratio of less than 2 parts diesel fuel to 100 parts total fuel on an energy equivalent basis are spark ignition engines.
Stationary reciprocating internal combustion engine (RICE) means any reciprocating internal combustion engine which uses reciprocating motion to convert heat energy into mechanical work and which is not mobile. Stationary RICE differ from mobile RICE in that a stationary RICE is not a non-road engine as defined at 40 CFR 1068.30, and is not used to propel a motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition.
Stationary RICE test cell/stand means an engine test cell/stand, as defined in subpart PPPPP of this part, that tests stationary RICE.
Stoichiometric means the theoretical air-to-fuel ratio required for complete combustion.
Storage vessel with the potential for flash emissions means any storage vessel that contains a hydrocarbon liquid with a stock tank gas-to-oil ratio equal to or greater than 0.31 cubic meters per liter and an American Petroleum Institute gravity equal to or greater than 40 degrees and an actual annual average hydrocarbon liquid throughput equal to or greater than 79,500 liters per day. Flash emissions occur when dissolved hydrocarbons in the fluid evolve from solution when the fluid pressure is reduced.
Subpart means 40 CFR part 63, subpart ZZZZ.
Surface site means any combination of one or more graded pad sites, gravel pad sites, foundations, platforms, or the immediate physical location upon which equipment is physically affixed.
Two-stroke engine means a type of engine which completes the power cycle in single crankshaft revolution by combining the intake and compression operations into one stroke and the power and exhaust operations into a second stroke. This system requires auxiliary scavenging and inherently runs lean of stoichiometric.
Table 1a to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Emission Limitations for Existing, New, and Reconstructed Spark Ignition, 4SRB Stationary RICE >500 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions
As stated in §§ 63.6600 and 63.6640, you must comply with the following emission limitations at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent for existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions:
| For each . . . | You must meet the following emission limitation, except during periods of startup . . . | During periods of startup you must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. 4SRB stationary RICE | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions by 76 percent or more. If you commenced construction or reconstruction between December 19, 2002 and June 15, 2004, you may reduce formaldehyde emissions by 75 percent or more until June 15, 2007 or | Minimize the engine’s time spent at idle and minimize the engine’s startup time at startup to a period needed for appropriate and safe loading of the engine, not to exceed 30 minutes, after which time the non-startup emission limitations apply. 1 |
| b. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 350 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O |
1 Sources can petition the Administrator pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 63.6(g) for alternative work practices.
Table 1b to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Operating Limitations for Existing, New, and Reconstructed SI 4SRB Stationary RICE >500 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions
As stated in §§ 63.6600, 63.6603, 63.6630 and 63.6640, you must comply with the following operating limitations for existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions:
| For each . . . | You must meet the following operating limitation, except during periods of startup . . . |
|---|---|
| 1. existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to reduce formaldehyde emissions by 76 percent or more (or by 75 percent or more, if applicable) and using NSCR; or existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 350 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O | a. maintain your catalyst so that the pressure drop across the catalyst does not change by more than 2 inches of water at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent from the pressure drop across the catalyst measured during the initial performance test; and b. maintain the temperature of your stationary RICE exhaust so that the catalyst inlet temperature is greater than or equal to 750 °F and less than or equal to 1250 °F. 1 |
| 2. existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to reduce formaldehyde emissions by 76 percent or more (or by 75 percent or more, if applicable) and not using NSCR; or | Comply with any operating limitations approved by the Administrator. |
| existing, new and reconstructed 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 350 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O |
1 Sources can petition the Administrator pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 63.8(f) for a different temperature range.
Table 2a to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Emission Limitations for New and Reconstructed 2SLB and Compression Ignition Stationary RICE >500 HP and New and Reconstructed 4SLB Stationary RICE ≥250 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions
As stated in §§ 63.6600 and 63.6640, you must comply with the following emission limitations for new and reconstructed lean burn and new and reconstructed compression ignition stationary RICE at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent:
| For each . . . | You must meet the following emission limitation, except during periods of startup . . . | During periods of startup you must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. 2SLB stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions by 58 percent or more; or b. Limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 12 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O | Minimize the engine’s time spent at idle and minimize the engine’s startup time at startup to a period needed for appropriate and safe loading of the engine, not to exceed 30 minutes, after which time the non-startup emission limitations apply. 1 |
| 2. 4SLB stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions by 93 percent or more; or | |
| b. Limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 14 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O | ||
| 3. CI stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more; or | |
| b. Limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 580 ppbvd or less at 15 percent O |
1 Sources can petition the Administrator pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 63.6(g) for alternative work practices.
Table 2b to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Operating Limitations for New and Reconstructed 2SLB and CI Stationary RICE >500 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions, New and Reconstructed 4SLB Stationary RICE ≥250 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions, Existing CI Stationary RICE >500 HP
As stated in §§ 63.6600, 63.6601, 63.6603, 63.6630, and 63.6640, you must comply with the following operating limitations for new and reconstructed 2SLB and CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions; new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions; and existing CI stationary RICE >500 HP:
| For each . . . | You must meet the following operating limitation, except during periods of startup . . . |
|---|---|
| 1. New and reconstructed 2SLB and CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions and new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to reduce CO emissions and using an oxidation catalyst; and New and reconstructed 2SLB and CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions and new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and using an oxidation catalyst. | a. maintain your catalyst so that the pressure drop across the catalyst does not change by more than 2 inches of water at 100 percent load plus or minus 10 percent from the pressure drop across the catalyst that was measured during the initial performance test; and b. maintain the temperature of your stationary RICE exhaust so that the catalyst inlet temperature is greater than or equal to 450 °F and less than or equal to 1350 °F. 1 |
| 2. Existing CI stationary RICE >500 HP complying with the requirement to limit or reduce the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust and using an oxidation catalyst | a. maintain your catalyst so that the pressure drop across the catalyst does not change by more than 2 inches of water from the pressure drop across the catalyst that was measured during the initial performance test; and |
| b. maintain the temperature of your stationary RICE exhaust so that the catalyst inlet temperature is greater than or equal to 450 °F and less than or equal to 1350 °F. 1 | |
| 3. New and reconstructed 2SLB and CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions and new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to reduce CO emissions and not using an oxidation catalyst; and | Comply with any operating limitations approved by the Administrator. |
| New and reconstructed 2SLB and CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions and new and reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions complying with the requirement to limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using an oxidation catalyst; and | |
| existing CI stationary RICE >500 HP complying with the requirement to limit or reduce the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using an oxidation catalyst. |
1 Sources can petition the Administrator pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 63.8(f) for a different temperature range.
Table 2c to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Requirements for Existing Compression Ignition Stationary RICE Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions and Existing Spark Ignition Stationary RICE ≤500 HP Located at a Major Source of HAP Emissions
As stated in §§ 63.6600, 63.6602, and 63.6640, you must comply with the following requirements for existing compression ignition stationary RICE located at a major source of HAP emissions and existing spark ignition stationary RICE ≤500 HP located at a major source of HAP emissions
| For each . . . | You must meet the following requirement, except during periods of startup . . . | During periods of startup you must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Emergency stationary CI RICE and black start stationary CI RICE 1 | a. Change oil and filter every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first 2. b. Inspect air cleaner every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; | Minimize the engine’s time spent at idle and minimize the engine’s startup time at startup to a period needed for appropriate and safe loading of the engine, not to exceed 30 minutes, after which time the non-startup emission limitations apply. 3 |
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary 3 | ||
| 2. Non-Emergency, non-black start stationary CI RICE | a. Change oil and filter every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first 2. | |
| b. Inspect air cleaner every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary 3 | ||
| 3. Non-Emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE 100≤HP≤300 HP | Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 230 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O | |
4. Non-Emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE 300| a. Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 49 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O | | |
| b. Reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more | ||
| 5. Non-Emergency, non-black start stationary CI RICE >500 HP | a. Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 23 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O | |
| b. Reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more | ||
| 6. Emergency stationary SI RICE and black start stationary SI RICE. 1 | a. Change oil and filter every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 2 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary 3 | ||
| 7. Non-Emergency, non-black start stationary SI RICE | a. Change oil and filter every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 2 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary 3 | ||
| 8. Non-Emergency, non-black start 2SLB stationary SI RICE | a. Change oil and filter every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 2 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary 3 | ||
| 9. Non-emergency, non-black start 2SLB stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 | Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 225 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O | |
| 10. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 | Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 47 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O | |
| 11. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 | Limit concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust to 10.3 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O | |
| 12. Non-emergency, non-black start stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 which combusts landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis | Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 177 ppmvd or less at 15 percent O |
1 If an emergency engine is operating during an emergency and it is not possible to shut down the engine in order to perform the work practice requirements on the schedule required in table 2c of this subpart, or if performing the work practice on the required schedule would otherwise pose an unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law, the work practice can be delayed until the emergency is over or the unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law has abated. The work practice should be performed as soon as practicable after the emergency has ended or the unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law has abated. Sources must report any failure to perform the work practice on the schedule required and the Federal, state or local law under which the risk was deemed unacceptable.
2 Sources have the option to utilize an oil analysis program as described in § 63.6625(i) or (j) in order to extend the specified oil change requirement in table 2c of this subpart.
3 Sources can petition the Administrator pursuant to the requirements of 40 CFR 63.6(g) for alternative work practices.
Table 2d to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Requirements for Existing Stationary RICE Located at Area Sources of HAP Emissions
As stated in §§ 63.6603 and 63.6640, you must comply with the following requirements for existing stationary RICE located at area sources of HAP emissions:
| For each . . . | You must meet the following requirement, except during periods of startup . . . | During periods of startup you must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Non-Emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE ≤300 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 b. Inspect air cleaner every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; | Minimize the engine’s time spent at idle and minimize the engine’s startup time at startup to a period needed for appropriate and safe loading of the engine, not to exceed 30 minutes, after which time the non-startup emission limitations apply. |
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
2. Non-Emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE 300| a. Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 49 ppmvd at 15 percent O | | |
| b. Reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more | ||
| 3. Non-Emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE >500 HP | a. Limit concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust to 23 ppmvd at 15 percent O | |
| b. Reduce CO emissions by 70 percent or more | ||
| 4. Emergency stationary CI RICE and black start stationary CI RICE. 2 | a. Change oil and filter every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect air cleaner every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 5. Emergency stationary SI RICE; black start stationary SI RICE; non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB stationary RICE >500 HP that operate 24 hours or less per calendar year; non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP that operate 24 hours or less per calendar year. 2 | a. Change oil and filter every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,000 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | |
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 500 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 6. Non-emergency, non-black start 2SLB stationary RICE | a. Change oil and filter every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 4,320 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 7. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB stationary RICE ≤500 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 8. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB remote stationary RICE >500 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 9. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB stationary RICE >500 HP that are not remote stationary RICE and that operate more than 24 hours per calendar year | Install an oxidation catalyst to reduce HAP emissions from the stationary RICE | |
| 10. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB stationary RICE ≤500 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 11. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB remote stationary RICE >500 HP | a. Change oil and filter every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 | |
| b. Inspect spark plugs every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | ||
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 2,160 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary | ||
| 12. Non-emergency, non-black start 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP that are not remote stationary RICE and that operate more than 24 hours per calendar year | Install NSCR to reduce HAP emissions from the stationary RICE | |
| 13. Non-emergency, non-black start stationary RICE which combusts landfill or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis | a. Change oil and filter every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous change, whichever comes first; 1 b. Inspect spark plugs every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary; and | |
| c. Inspect all hoses and belts every 1,440 hours of operation or within 1 year + 30 days of the previous inspection, whichever comes first, and replace as necessary |
1 Sources have the option to utilize an oil analysis program as described in § 63.6625(i) or (j) in order to extend the specified oil change requirement in table 2d of this subpart.
2 If an emergency engine is operating during an emergency and it is not possible to shut down the engine in order to perform the management practice requirements on the schedule required in table 2d of this subpart, or if performing the management practice on the required schedule would otherwise pose an unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law, the management practice can be delayed until the emergency is over or the unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law has abated. The management practice should be performed as soon as practicable after the emergency has ended or the unacceptable risk under Federal, state, or local law has abated. Sources must report any failure to perform the management practice on the schedule required and the Federal, state or local law under which the risk was deemed unacceptable.
Table 3 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Subsequent Performance Tests
As stated in §§ 63.6615 and 63.6620, you must comply with the following subsequent performance test requirements:
| For each . . . | Complying with the requirement to . . . | You must . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. New or reconstructed 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at major sources; new or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at major sources; and new or reconstructed CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at major sources | Reduce CO emissions and not using a CEMS | Conduct subsequent performance tests semiannually. 1 |
| 2. 4SRB stationary RICE ≥5,000 HP located at major sources | Reduce formaldehyde emissions | Conduct subsequent performance tests semiannually. 1 |
| 3. Stationary RICE >500 HP located at major sources and new or reconstructed 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at major sources | Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust | Conduct subsequent performance tests semiannually. 1 |
| 4. Existing non-emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE >500 HP that are not limited use stationary RICE | Limit or reduce CO emissions and not using a CEMS | Conduct subsequent performance tests every 8,760 hours or 3 years, whichever comes first. |
| 5. Existing non-emergency, non-black start CI stationary RICE >500 HP that are limited use stationary RICE | Limit or reduce CO emissions and not using a CEMS | Conduct subsequent performance tests every 8,760 hours or 5 years, whichever comes first. |
1 After you have demonstrated compliance for two consecutive tests, you may reduce the frequency of subsequent performance tests to annually. If the results of any subsequent annual performance test indicate the stationary RICE is not in compliance with the CO or formaldehyde emission limitation, or you deviate from any of your operating limitations, you must resume semiannual performance tests.
Table 4 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Requirements for Performance Tests
As stated in §§ 63.6610, 63.6611, 63.6620, and 63.6640, you must comply with the following requirements for performance tests for stationary RICE:
| For each . . . | Complying with the requirement to . . . | You must . . . | Using . . . | According to the following requirements . . . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. 2SLB, 4SLB, and CI stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions | i. Select the sampling port location and the number/location of traverse points at the inlet and outlet of the control device; and | (a) For CO, O | |
| ii. Measure the O | (1) Method 3 or 3A or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, or ASTM D6522-00 (Reapproved 2005) 1 3 (heated probe not necessary) | (b) Measurements to determine O | ||
| iii. Measure the CO at the inlet and the outlet of the control device; and | (2) ASTM D6522-00 (Reapproved 2005) 1 2 3 (heated probe not necessary) or method 10 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4 | (c) The CO concentration must be at 15 percent O | ||
| iv. Measure moisture content at the inlet and outlet of the control device as needed to determine CO and O | (3) Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3, or method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, or ASTM D6348-03 1 3 | (d) Measurements to determine moisture content must be made at the same time and location as the measurements for CO concentration. | ||
| 2. 4SRB stationary RICE | a. Reduce formaldehyde or THC emissions | i. Select the sampling port location and the number/location of traverse points at the inlet and outlet of the control device; and | (a) For formaldehyde, THC, O | |
| ii. Measure O | (1) Method 3 or 3A or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, or ASTM D6522-00 (Reapproved 2005) 1 3 (heated probe not necessary) | (b) Measurements to determine O | ||
| iii. Measure moisture content at the inlet and outlet of the control device as needed to determine formaldehyde or THC and O | (2) Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3, or method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, or ASTM D6348-03 1 3 | (c) Measurements to determine moisture content must be made at the same time and location as the measurements for formaldehyde or THC concentration. | ||
| iv. If demonstrating compliance with the formaldehyde percent reduction requirement, measure formaldehyde at the inlet and the outlet of the control device | (3) Method 320 or 323 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A; or ASTM D6348-03, 1 3 provided in ASTM D6348-03 Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent R must be greater than or equal to 70 and less than or equal to 130 | (d) Formaldehyde concentration must be at 15 percent O | ||
| v. If demonstrating compliance with the THC percent reduction requirement, measure THC at the inlet and the outlet of the control device | (4) (1) Method 25A, reported as propane, of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 | (e) THC concentration must be at 15 percent O | ||
| 3. Stationary RICE | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde or CO in the stationary RICE exhaust | i. Select the sampling port location and the number/location of traverse points at the exhaust of the stationary RICE; and | (a) For formaldehyde, CO, O | |
| ii. Determine the O | (1) Method 3 or 3A or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-2, or ASTM D6522-00 (Reapproved 2005) 1 3 (heated probe not necessary) | (b) Measurements to determine O | ||
| iii. Measure moisture content of the stationary RICE exhaust at the sampling port location as needed to determine formaldehyde or CO and O | (2) Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3, or method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, or ASTM D6348-03 1 3 | (c) Measurements to determine moisture content must be made at the same time and location as the measurements for formaldehyde or CO concentration. | ||
| iv. Measure formaldehyde at the exhaust of the stationary RICE; or | (3) Method 320 or 323 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A; or ASTM D6348-03, 1 3 provided in ASTM D6348-03 Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent R must be greater than or equal to 70 and less than or equal to 130 | (d) Formaldehyde concentration must be at 15 percent O | ||
| v. Measure CO at the exhaust of the stationary RICE | (4) Method 10 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4, ASTM D6522-00 (2005), 1 3 method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, or ASTM D6348-03 1 3 | (e) CO concentration must be at 15 percent O |
1 You may also use methods 3A and 10 as options to ASTM-D6522-00 (2005).
2 You may obtain a copy of ASTM-D6348-03 from at least one of the following addresses: American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, or University Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
3 Incorporated by reference, see § 63.14.
Table 5 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Initial Compliance With Emission Limitations, Operating Limitations, and Other Requirements
As stated in §§ 63.6612, 63.6625 and 63.6630, you must initially comply with the emission and operating limitations as required by the following:
| For each . . . | Complying with the requirement to . . . | You have demonstrated initial compliance if . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions and using oxidation catalyst, and using a CPMS | i. The average reduction of emissions of CO determined from the initial performance test achieves the required CO percent reduction; and ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and iii. You have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. |
| 2. Non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of CO, using oxidation catalyst, and using a CPMS | i. The average CO concentration determined from the initial performance test is less than or equal to the CO emission limitation; and |
| ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. You have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. | ||
| 3. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions and not using oxidation catalyst | i. The average reduction of emissions of CO determined from the initial performance test achieves the required CO percent reduction; and ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and iii. You have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. |
| 4. Non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of CO, and not using oxidation catalyst | i. The average CO concentration determined from the initial performance test is less than or equal to the CO emission limitation; and ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and |
| iii. You have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. | ||
| 5. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions, and using a CEMS | i. You have installed a CEMS to continuously monitor CO and either O ii. You have conducted a performance evaluation of your CEMS using PS 3 and 4A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B; and |
| iii. The average reduction of CO calculated using § 63.6620 equals or exceeds the required percent reduction. The initial test comprises the first 4-hour period after successful validation of the CEMS. Compliance is based on the average percent reduction achieved during the 4-hour period. | ||
| 6. Non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of CO, and using a CEMS | i. You have installed a CEMS to continuously monitor CO and either O |
| ii. You have conducted a performance evaluation of your CEMS using PS 3 and 4A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B; and | ||
| iii. The average concentration of CO calculated using § 63.6620 is less than or equal to the CO emission limitation. The initial test comprises the first 4-hour period after successful validation of the CEMS. Compliance is based on the average concentration measured during the 4-hour period. | ||
| 7. Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions and using NSCR | i. The average reduction of emissions of formaldehyde determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than the required formaldehyde percent reduction, or the average reduction of emissions of THC determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than 30 percent; and |
| ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. You have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. | ||
| 8. Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions and not using NSCR | i. The average reduction of emissions of formaldehyde determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than the required formaldehyde percent reduction or the average reduction of emissions of THC determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than 30 percent; and |
| ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. You have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. | ||
| 9. New or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and using oxidation catalyst or NSCR | i. The average formaldehyde concentration, corrected to 15 percent O ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and |
| iii. You have recorded the catalyst pressure drop and catalyst inlet temperature during the initial performance test. | ||
| 10. New or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using oxidation catalyst or NSCR | i. The average formaldehyde concentration, corrected to 15 percent O ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor operating parameters approved by the Administrator (if any) according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b); and |
| iii. You have recorded the approved operating parameters (if any) during the initial performance test. | ||
11. Existing non-emergency stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE 300| a. Reduce CO emissions | i. The average reduction of emissions of CO or formaldehyde, as applicable determined from the initial performance test is equal to or greater than the required CO or formaldehyde, as applicable, percent reduction. | |
12. Existing non-emergency stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE 300| a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde or CO in the stationary RICE exhaust | i. The average formaldehyde or CO concentration, as applicable, corrected to 15 percent O | |
| 13. Existing non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that are operated more than 24 hours per calendar year | a. Install an oxidation catalyst | i. You have conducted an initial compliance demonstration as specified in § 63.6630(e) to show that the average reduction of emissions of CO is 93 percent or more, or the average CO concentration is less than or equal to 47 ppmvd at 15 percent O |
| ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b), or you have installed equipment to automatically shut down the engine if the catalyst inlet temperature exceeds 1350 °F. | ||
| 14. Existing non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that are operated more than 24 hours per calendar year | a. Install NSCR | i. You have conducted an initial compliance demonstration as specified in § 63.6630(e) to show that the average reduction of emissions of CO is 75 percent or more, the average CO concentration is less than or equal to 270 ppmvd at 15 percent O |
| ii. You have installed a CPMS to continuously monitor catalyst inlet temperature according to the requirements in § 63.6625(b), or you have installed equipment to automatically shut down the engine if the catalyst inlet temperature exceeds 1250 °F. |
Table 6 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Continuous Compliance With Emission Limitations, and Other Requirements
As stated in § 63.6640, you must continuously comply with the emissions and operating limitations and work or management practices as required by the following:
| For each . . . | Complying with the requirement to . . . | You must demonstrate continuous compliance by . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, and new or reconstructed non-emergency CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions and using an oxidation catalyst, and using a CPMS | i. Conducting semiannual performance tests for CO to demonstrate that the required CO percent reduction is achieved a; and ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and |
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and | ||
| v. Measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. | ||
| 2. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, and new or reconstructed non-emergency CI stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce CO emissions and not using an oxidation catalyst, and using a CPMS | i. Conducting semiannual performance tests for CO to demonstrate that the required CO percent reduction is achieved a; and ii. Collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and |
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. | ||
| 3. New or reconstructed non-emergency 2SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE ≥250 HP located at a major source of HAP, new or reconstructed non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP, and existing non-emergency stationary CI RICE >500 HP | a. Reduce CO emissions or limit the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust, and using a CEMS | i. Collecting the monitoring data according to § 63.6625(a), reducing the measurements to 1-hour averages, calculating the percent reduction or concentration of CO emissions according to § 63.6620; and ii. Demonstrating that the catalyst achieves the required percent reduction of CO emissions over the 4-hour averaging period, or that the emission remain at or below the CO concentration limit; and |
| iii. Conducting an annual RATA of your CEMS using PS 3 and 4A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix B, as well as daily and periodic data quality checks in accordance with 40 CFR part 60, appendix F, procedure 1. | ||
| 4. Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions and using NSCR | i. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and |
| ii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iii. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and | ||
| iv. Measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. | ||
| 5. Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions and not using NSCR | i. Collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and |
| ii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iii. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. | ||
| 6. Non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE with a brake HP ≥5,000 located at a major source of HAP | a. Reduce formaldehyde emissions | Conducting semiannual performance tests for formaldehyde to demonstrate that the required formaldehyde percent reduction is achieved, or to demonstrate that the average reduction of emissions of THC determined from the performance test is equal to or greater than 30 percent. a |
| 7. New or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP and new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and using oxidation catalyst or NSCR | i. Conducting semiannual performance tests for formaldehyde to demonstrate that your emissions remain at or below the formaldehyde concentration limit a; and ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and |
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and | ||
| v. Measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. | ||
| 8. New or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP and new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP | a. Limit the concentration of formaldehyde in the stationary RICE exhaust and not using oxidation catalyst or NSCR | i. Conducting semiannual performance tests for formaldehyde to demonstrate that your emissions remain at or below the formaldehyde concentration limit a; and ii. Collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and |
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. | ||
| 9. Existing emergency and black start stationary RICE ≤500 HP located at a major source of HAP, existing non-emergency stationary RICE 500 HP located at an area source of HAP that operate 24 hours or less per calendar year, and existing non-emergency 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are remote stationary RICE | a. Work or Management practices | i. Operating and maintaining the stationary RICE according to the manufacturer’s emission-related operation and maintenance instructions; or ii. Develop and follow your own maintenance plan which must provide to the extent practicable for the maintenance and operation of the engine in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practice for minimizing emissions. |
| 10. Existing stationary CI RICE >500 HP that are not limited use stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions, or limit the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust, and using oxidation catalyst | i. Conducting performance tests every 8,760 hours or 3 years, whichever comes first, for CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, to demonstrate that the required CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, percent reduction is achieved or that your emissions remain at or below the CO or formaldehyde concentration limit; and |
| ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and | ||
| v. Measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. | ||
| 11. Existing stationary CI RICE >500 HP that are not limited use stationary RICE | a. Reduce CO emissions, or limit the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust, and not using oxidation catalyst | i. Conducting performance tests every 8,760 hours or 3 years, whichever comes first, for CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, to demonstrate that the required CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, percent reduction is achieved or that your emissions remain at or below the CO or formaldehyde concentration limit; and |
| ii. Collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. | ||
| 12. Existing limited use CI stationary RICE >500 HP | a. Reduce CO emissions or limit the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust, and using an oxidation catalyst | i. Conducting performance tests every 8,760 hours or 5 years, whichever comes first, for CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, to demonstrate that the required CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, percent reduction is achieved or that your emissions remain at or below the CO or formaldehyde concentration limit; and |
| ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the catalyst inlet temperature; and | ||
| v. Measuring the pressure drop across the catalyst once per month and demonstrating that the pressure drop across the catalyst is within the operating limitation established during the performance test. | ||
| 13. Existing limited use CI stationary RICE >500 HP | a. Reduce CO emissions or limit the concentration of CO in the stationary RICE exhaust, and not using an oxidation catalyst | i. Conducting performance tests every 8,760 hours or 5 years, whichever comes first, for CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, to demonstrate that the required CO or formaldehyde, as appropriate, percent reduction is achieved or that your emissions remain at or below the CO or formaldehyde concentration limit; and |
| ii. Collecting the approved operating parameter (if any) data according to § 63.6625(b); and | ||
| iii. Reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and | ||
| iv. Maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the operating limitations for the operating parameters established during the performance test. | ||
| 14. Existing non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that are operated more than 24 hours per calendar year | a. Install an oxidation catalyst | i. Conducting annual compliance demonstrations as specified in § 63.6640(c) to show that the average reduction of emissions of CO is 93 percent or more, or the average CO concentration is less than or equal to 47 ppmvd at 15 percent O ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b), reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the limitation of greater than 450 °F and less than or equal to 1350 °F for the catalyst inlet temperature; or iii. Immediately shutting down the engine if the catalyst inlet temperature exceeds 1350 °F. |
| 15. Existing non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that are operated more than 24 hours per calendar year | a. Install NSCR | i. Conducting annual compliance demonstrations as specified in § 63.6640(c) to show that the average reduction of emissions of CO is 75 percent or more, the average CO concentration is less than or equal to 270 ppmvd at 15 percent O ii. Collecting the catalyst inlet temperature data according to § 63.6625(b), reducing these data to 4-hour rolling averages; and maintaining the 4-hour rolling averages within the limitation of greater than or equal to 750 °F and less than or equal to 1250 °F for the catalyst inlet temperature; or iii. Immediately shutting down the engine if the catalyst inlet temperature exceeds 1250 °F. |
a After you have demonstrated compliance for two consecutive tests, you may reduce the frequency of subsequent performance tests to annually. If the results of any subsequent annual performance test indicate the stationary RICE is not in compliance with the CO or formaldehyde emission limitation, or you deviate from any of your operating limitations, you must resume semiannual performance tests.
Table 7 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Requirements for Reports
As stated in § 63.6650, you must comply with the following requirements for reports:
| For each . . . | You must submit
a . . . | The report must contain . . . | You must submit the report . . . |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Existing non-emergency, non-black start stationary RICE 100≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP; existing non-emergency, non-black start stationary CI RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP; existing non-emergency 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP; existing non-emergency, non-black start stationary CI RICE >300 HP located at an area source of HAP; new or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE >500 HP located at a major source of HAP; and new or reconstructed non-emergency 4SLB stationary RICE 250≤HP≤500 located at a major source of HAP | Compliance report | a. If there are no deviations from any emission limitations or operating limitations that apply to you, a statement that there were no deviations from the emission limitations or operating limitations during the reporting period. If there were no periods during which the CMS, including CEMS and CPMS, was out-of-control, as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), a statement that there were not periods during which the CMS was out-of-control during the reporting period; or
b. If you had a deviation from any emission limitation or operating limitation during the reporting period, the information in § 63.6650(d). If there were periods during which the CMS, including CEMS and CPMS, was out-of-control, as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), the information in § 63.6650(e); or | i. Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b)(1)-(5) and (i) for engines that are not limited use stationary RICE subject to numerical emission limitations; and ii. Annually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b)(6)-(9) and (i) for engines that are limited use stationary RICE subject to numerical emission limitations.
i. Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b) and (i). |
| c. If you had a malfunction during the reporting period, the information in § 63.6650(c)(4) | i. Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b) and (i). | ||
| 2. New or reconstructed non-emergency stationary RICE that combusts landfill gas or digester gas equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis | Report | a. The fuel flow rate of each fuel and the heating values that were used in your calculations, and you must demonstrate that the percentage of heat input provided by landfill gas or digester gas, is equivalent to 10 percent or more of the gross heat input on an annual basis; and | i. Annually, according to the requirements in § 63.6650. |
| b. The operating limits provided in your federally enforceable permit, and any deviations from these limits; and | i. See item 2.a.i. | ||
| c. Any problems or errors suspected with the meters | i. See item 2.a.i. | ||
| 3. Existing non-emergency, non-black start 4SLB and 4SRB stationary RICE >500 HP located at an area source of HAP that are not remote stationary RICE and that operate more than 24 hours per calendar year | Compliance report | a. The results of the annual compliance demonstration, if conducted during the reporting period | i. Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(b)(1)-(5) and (i). |
| 4. Emergency stationary RICE that operate for the purposes specified in § 63.6640(f)(4)(ii) | Report | a. The information in § 63.6650(h)(1) | i. Annually according to the requirements in § 63.6650(h)(2)-(3) and (i). |
Table 8 to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Applicability of General Provisions to Subpart ZZZZ
As stated in § 63.6665, you must comply with the following applicable general provisions.
| General provisions citation | Subject of citation | Applies to subpart | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 63.1 | General applicability of the General Provisions | Yes | |
| § 63.2 | Definitions | Yes | Additional terms defined in § 63.6675. |
| § 63.3 | Units and abbreviations | Yes | |
| § 63.4 | Prohibited activities and circumvention | Yes | |
| § 63.5 | Construction and reconstruction | Yes | |
| § 63.6(a) | Applicability | Yes | |
| § 63.6(b)(1)-(4) | Compliance dates for new and reconstructed sources | Yes | |
| § 63.6(b)(5) | Notification | Yes | |
| § 63.6(b)(6) | [Reserved] | ||
| § 63.6(b)(7) | Compliance dates for new and reconstructed area sources that become major sources | Yes | |
| § 63.6(c)(1)-(2) | Compliance dates for existing sources | Yes | |
| § 63.6(c)(3)-(4) | [Reserved] | ||
| § 63.6(c)(5) | Compliance dates for existing area sources that become major sources | Yes | |
| § 63.6(d) | [Reserved] | ||
| § 63.6(e) | Operation and maintenance | No | |
| § 63.6(f)(1) | Applicability of standards | No | |
| § 63.6(f)(2) | Methods for determining compliance | Yes | |
| § 63.6(f)(3) | Finding of compliance | Yes | |
| § 63.6(g)(1)-(3) | Use of alternate standard | Yes | |
| § 63.6(h) | Opacity and visible emission standards | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or visible emission standards. |
| § 63.6(i) | Compliance extension procedures and criteria | Yes | |
| § 63.6(j) | Presidential compliance exemption | Yes | |
| § 63.7(a)(1)-(2) | Performance test dates | Yes | Subpart ZZZZ contains performance test dates at §§ 63.6610, 63.6611, and 63.6612. |
| § 63.7(a)(3) | CAA section 114 authority | Yes | |
| § 63.7(b)(1) | Notification of performance test | Yes | Except that § 63.7(b)(1) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.7(b)(2) | Notification of rescheduling | Yes | Except that § 63.7(b)(2) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.7(c) | Quality assurance/test plan | Yes | Except that § 63.7(c) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.7(d) | Testing facilities | Yes | |
| § 63.7(e)(1) | Conditions for conducting performance tests | No | Subpart ZZZZ specifies conditions for conducting performance tests at § 63.6620. |
| § 63.7(e)(2) | Conduct of performance tests and reduction of data | Yes | Subpart ZZZZ specifies test methods at § 63.6620. |
| § 63.7(e)(3) | Test run duration | Yes | |
| § 63.7(e)(4) | Administrator may require other testing under section 114 of the CAA | Yes | |
| § 63.7(f) | Alternative test method provisions | Yes | |
| § 63.7(g) | Performance test data analysis, recordkeeping, and reporting | Yes | |
| § 63.7(h) | Waiver of tests | Yes | |
| § 63.8(a)(1) | Applicability of monitoring requirements | Yes | Subpart ZZZZ contains specific requirements for monitoring at § 63.6625. |
| § 63.8(a)(2) | Performance specifications | Yes | |
| § 63.8(a)(3) | [Reserved] | ||
| § 63.8(a)(4) | Monitoring for control devices | No | |
| § 63.8(b)(1) | Monitoring | Yes | |
| § 63.8(b)(2)-(3) | Multiple effluents and multiple monitoring systems | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(1) | Monitoring system operation and maintenance | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(i) | Routine and predictable SSM | No | |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(ii) | SSM not in Startup Shutdown Malfunction Plan | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(iii) | Compliance with operation and maintenance requirements | No | |
| § 63.8(c)(2)-(3) | Monitoring system installation | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(4) | Continuous monitoring system (CMS) requirements | Yes | Except that subpart ZZZZ does not require Continuous Opacity Monitoring System (COMS). |
| § 63.8(c)(5) | COMS minimum procedures | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. |
| § 63.8(c)(6)-(8) | CMS requirements | Yes | Except that subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. |
| § 63.8(d) | CMS quality control | Yes | |
| § 63.8(e) | CMS performance evaluation | Yes | Except for § 63.8(e)(5)(ii), which applies to COMS. |
| Except that § 63.8(e) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. | |||
| § 63.8(f)(1)-(5) | Alternative monitoring method | Yes | Except that § 63.8(f)(4) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.8(f)(6) | Alternative to relative accuracy test | Yes | Except that § 63.8(f)(6) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.8(g) | Data reduction | Yes | Except that provisions for COMS are not applicable. Averaging periods for demonstrating compliance are specified at §§ 63.6635 and 63.6640. |
| § 63.9(a) | Applicability and State delegation of notification requirements | Yes | |
| § 63.9(b)(1)-(5) | Initial notifications | Yes | Except that § 63.9(b)(3) is reserved. |
| Except that § 63.9(b) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. | |||
| § 63.9(c) | Request for compliance extension | Yes | Except that § 63.9(c) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.9(d) | Notification of special compliance requirements for new sources | Yes | Except that § 63.9(d) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.9(e) | Notification of performance test | Yes | Except that § 63.9(e) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.9(f) | Notification of visible emission (VE)/opacity test | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or VE standards. |
| § 63.9(g)(1) | Notification of performance evaluation | Yes | Except that § 63.9(g) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.9(g)(2) | Notification of use of COMS data | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or VE standards. |
| § 63.9(g)(3) | Notification that criterion for alternative to RATA is exceeded | Yes | If alternative is in use.
Except that § 63.9(g) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. |
| § 63.9(h)(1)-(6) | Notification of compliance status | Yes | Except that notifications for sources using a CEMS are due 30 days after completion of performance evaluations. § 63.9(h)(4) is reserved. |
| Except that § 63.9(h) only applies as specified in § 63.6645. | |||
| § 63.9(i) | Adjustment of submittal deadlines | Yes | |
| § 63.9(j) | Change in previous information | Yes | |
| § 63.9(k) | Electronic reporting procedures | Yes | Only as specified in §§ 63.9(j), 63.6620, 63.6625, 63.6645, and 63.6650. |
| § 63.10(a) | Administrative provisions for recordkeeping/reporting | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(1) | Record retention | Yes | Except that the most recent 2 years of data do not have to be retained on site. |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(i)-(v) | Records related to SSM | No | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(vi)-(xi) | Records | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(xii) | Record when under waiver | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(xiii) | Records when using alternative to RATA | Yes | For CO standard if using RATA alternative. |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(xiv) | Records of supporting documentation | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(3) | Records of applicability determination | Yes | |
| § 63.10(c) | Additional records for sources using CEMS | Yes | Except that § 63.10(c)(2)-(4) and (9) are reserved. |
| § 63.10(d)(1) | General reporting requirements | Yes | |
| § 63.10(d)(2) | Report of performance test results | Yes | |
| § 63.10(d)(3) | Reporting opacity or VE observations | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not contain opacity or VE standards. |
| § 63.10(d)(4) | Progress reports | Yes | |
| § 63.10(d)(5) | Startup, shutdown, and malfunction reports | No | |
| § 63.10(e)(1) and (2)(i) | Additional CMS Reports | Yes | |
| § 63.10(e)(2)(ii) | COMS-related report | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. |
| § 63.10(e)(3) | Excess emission and parameter exceedances reports | No | Excess emissions and exceedance reporting is specified in § 63.6650. |
| § 63.10(e)(4) | Reporting COMS data | No | Subpart ZZZZ does not require COMS. |
| § 63.10(f) | Waiver for recordkeeping/reporting | Yes | |
| § 63.11 | Flares | No | |
| § 63.12 | State authority and delegations | Yes | |
| § 63.13 | Addresses | Yes | |
| § 63.14 | Incorporation by reference | Yes | |
| § 63.15 | Availability of information | Yes |
Appendix A to Subpart ZZZZ of Part 63—Protocol for Using an Electrochemical Analyzer to Determine Oxygen and Carbon Monoxide Concentrations From Certain Engines
This protocol is a procedure for using portable electrochemical (EC) cells for measuring carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen (O
This protocol measures the engine exhaust gas concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and oxygen (O
| Analyte | CAS No. | Sensitivity |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon monoxide (CO) | 630-08-0 | Minimum detectable limit should be 2 percent of the nominal range or 1 ppm, whichever is less restrictive. |
| Oxygen (O |
This protocol is applicable to 40 CFR part 63, subpart ZZZZ. Because of inherent cross sensitivities of EC cells, you must not apply this protocol to other emissions sources without specific instruction to that effect.
Refer to Section 13 to verify and document acceptable analyzer performance.
The measurement system and EC cell design(s) conforming to this protocol will determine the analytical range for each gas component. The nominal ranges are defined by choosing up-scale calibration gas concentrations near the maximum anticipated flue gas concentrations for CO and O
The minimum detectable limit depends on the nominal range and resolution of the specific EC cell used, and the signal to noise ratio of the measurement system. The minimum detectable limit should be 2 percent of the nominal range or 1 ppm, whichever is less restrictive.
In this protocol, a gas sample is extracted from an engine exhaust system and then conveyed to a portable EC analyzer for measurement of CO and O
3.1 Measurement System. The total equipment required for the measurement of CO and O
3.1.1 Data Recorder. A strip chart recorder, computer or digital recorder for logging measurement data from the analyzer output. You may record measurement data from the digital data display manually or electronically.
3.1.2 Electrochemical (EC) Cell. A device, similar to a fuel cell, used to sense the presence of a specific analyte and generate an electrical current output proportional to the analyte concentration.
3.1.3 Interference Gas Scrubber. A device used to remove or neutralize chemical compounds that may interfere with the selective operation of an EC cell.
3.1.4 Moisture Removal System. Any device used to reduce the concentration of moisture in the sample stream so as to protect the EC cells from the damaging effects of condensation and to minimize errors in measurements caused by the scrubbing of soluble gases.
3.1.5 Sample Interface. The portion of the system used for one or more of the following: sample acquisition; sample transport; sample conditioning or protection of the EC cell from any degrading effects of the engine exhaust effluent; removal of particulate matter and condensed moisture.
3.2 Nominal Range. The range of analyte concentrations over which each EC cell is operated (normally 25 percent to 150 percent of up-scale calibration gas value). Several nominal ranges can be used for any given cell so long as the calibration and repeatability checks for that range remain within specifications.
3.3 Calibration Gas. A vendor certified concentration of a specific analyte in an appropriate balance gas.
3.4 Zero Calibration Error. The analyte concentration output exhibited by the EC cell in response to zero-level calibration gas.
3.5 Up-Scale Calibration Error. The mean of the difference between the analyte concentration exhibited by the EC cell and the certified concentration of the up-scale calibration gas.
3.6 Interference Check. A procedure for quantifying analytical interference from components in the engine exhaust gas other than the targeted analytes.
3.7 Repeatability Check. A protocol for demonstrating that an EC cell operated over a given nominal analyte concentration range provides a stable and consistent response and is not significantly affected by repeated exposure to that gas.
3.8 Sample Flow Rate. The flow rate of the gas sample as it passes through the EC cell. In some situations, EC cells can experience drift with changes in flow rate. The flow rate must be monitored and documented during all phases of a sampling run.
3.9 Sampling Run. A timed three-phase event whereby an EC cell’s response rises and plateaus in a sample conditioning phase, remains relatively constant during a measurement data phase, then declines during a refresh phase. The sample conditioning phase exposes the EC cell to the gas sample for a length of time sufficient to reach a constant response. The measurement data phase is the time interval during which gas sample measurements can be made that meet the acceptance criteria of this protocol. The refresh phase then purges the EC cells with CO-free air. The refresh phase replenishes requisite O
3.10 Sampling Day. A time not to exceed twelve hours from the time of the pre-sampling calibration to the post-sampling calibration check. During this time, stack gas sampling runs can be repeated without repeated recalibrations, providing all other sampling specifications have been met.
3.11 Pre-Sampling Calibration/Post-Sampling Calibration Check. The protocols executed at the beginning and end of each sampling day to bracket measurement readings with controlled performance checks.
3.12 Performance-Established Configuration. The EC cell and sampling system configuration that existed at the time that it initially met the performance requirements of this protocol.
When present in sufficient concentrations, NO and NO
The system must maintain the gas sample at conditions that will prevent moisture condensation in the sample transport lines, both before and as the sample gas contacts the EC cells. The essential components of the measurement system are described below.
6.2.1 Sample Probe. A single extraction-point probe constructed of glass, stainless steel or other non-reactive material, and of length sufficient to reach any designated sampling point. The sample probe must be designed to prevent plugging due to condensation or particulate matter.
6.2.2 Sample Line. Non-reactive tubing to transport the effluent from the sample probe to the EC cell.
6.2.3 Calibration Assembly (optional). A three-way valve assembly or equivalent to introduce calibration gases at ambient pressure at the exit end of the sample probe during calibration checks. The assembly must be designed such that only stack gas or calibration gas flows in the sample line and all gases flow through any gas path filters.
6.2.4 Particulate Filter (optional). Filters before the inlet of the EC cell to prevent accumulation of particulate material in the measurement system and extend the useful life of the components. All filters must be fabricated of materials that are non-reactive to the gas mixtures being sampled.
6.2.5 Sample Pump. A leak-free pump to provide undiluted sample gas to the system at a flow rate sufficient to minimize the response time of the measurement system. If located upstream of the EC cells, the pump must be constructed of a material that is non-reactive to the gas mixtures being sampled.
6.2.8 Sample Flow Rate Monitoring. An adjustable rotameter or equivalent device used to adjust and maintain the sample flow rate through the analyzer as prescribed.
6.2.9 Sample Gas Manifold (optional). A manifold to divert a portion of the sample gas stream to the analyzer and the remainder to a by-pass discharge vent. The sample gas manifold may also include provisions for introducing calibration gases directly to the analyzer. The manifold must be constructed of a material that is non-reactive to the gas mixtures being sampled.
6.2.10 EC cell. A device containing one or more EC cells to determine the CO and O
6.2.11 Data Recorder. A strip chart recorder, computer or digital recorder to make a record of analyzer output data. The data recorder resolution (i.e., readability) must be no greater than 1 ppm for CO; 0.1 percent for O
6.2.12 Interference Gas Filter or Scrubber. A device to remove interfering compounds upstream of the CO EC cell. Specific interference gas filters or scrubbers used in the performance-established configuration of the analyzer must continue to be used. Such a filter or scrubber must have a means to determine when the removal agent is exhausted. Periodically replace or replenish it in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.
7.1 Calibration Gases. CO calibration gases for the EC cell must be CO in nitrogen or CO in a mixture of nitrogen and O
7.1.1 Up-Scale CO Calibration Gas Concentration. Choose one or more up-scale gas concentrations such that the average of the stack gas measurements for each stack gas sampling run are between 25 and 150 percent of those concentrations. Alternatively, choose an up-scale gas that does not exceed twice the concentration of the applicable outlet standard. If a measured gas value exceeds 150 percent of the up-scale CO calibration gas value at any time during the stack gas sampling run, the run must be discarded and repeated.
7.1.2 Up-Scale O
Select an O
7.1.3 Zero Gas. Use an inert gas that contains less than 0.25 percent of the up-scale CO calibration gas concentration. You may use dry air that is free from ambient CO and other combustion gas products (e.g., CO
8.1 Selection of Sampling Sites.
8.1.1 Control Device Inlet. Select a sampling site sufficiently downstream of the engine so that the combustion gases should be well mixed. Use a single sampling extraction point near the center of the duct (e.g., within the 10 percent centroidal area), unless instructed otherwise.
8.1.2 Exhaust Gas Outlet. Select a sampling site located at least two stack diameters downstream of any disturbance (e.g., turbocharger exhaust, crossover junction or recirculation take-off) and at least one-half stack diameter upstream of the gas discharge to the atmosphere. Use a single sampling extraction point near the center of the duct (e.g., within the 10 percent centroidal area), unless instructed otherwise.
8.2 Stack Gas Collection and Analysis. Prior to the first stack gas sampling run, conduct that the pre-sampling calibration in accordance with Section 10.1. Use Figure 1 to record all data. Zero the analyzer with zero gas. Confirm and record that the scrubber media color is correct and not exhausted. Then position the probe at the sampling point and begin the sampling run at the same flow rate used during the up-scale calibration. Record the start time. Record all EC cell output responses and the flow rate during the “sample conditioning phase” once per minute until constant readings are obtained. Then begin the “measurement data phase” and record readings every 15 seconds for at least two minutes (or eight readings), or as otherwise required to achieve two continuous minutes of data that meet the specification given in Section 13.1. Finally, perform the “refresh phase” by introducing dry air, free from CO and other combustion gases, until several minute-to-minute readings of consistent value have been obtained. For each run use the “measurement data phase” readings to calculate the average stack gas CO and O
8.3 EC Cell Rate. Maintain the EC cell sample flow rate so that it does not vary by more than ±10 percent throughout the pre-sampling calibration, stack gas sampling and post-sampling calibration check. Alternatively, the EC cell sample flow rate can be maintained within a tolerance range that does not affect the gas concentration readings by more than ±3 percent, as instructed by the EC cell manufacturer.
10.1 Pre-Sampling Calibration. Conduct the following protocol once for each nominal range to be used on each EC cell before performing a stack gas sampling run on each field sampling day. Repeat the calibration if you replace an EC cell before completing all of the sampling runs. There is no prescribed order for calibration of the EC cells; however, each cell must complete the measurement data phase during calibration. Assemble the measurement system by following the manufacturer’s recommended protocols including for preparing and preconditioning the EC cell. Assure the measurement system has no leaks and verify the gas scrubbing agent is not depleted. Use Figure 1 to record all data.
10.1.1 Zero Calibration. For both the O
10.1.2 Zero Calibration Tolerance. For each zero gas introduction, the zero level output must be less than or equal to ±3 percent of the up-scale gas value or ±1 ppm, whichever is less restrictive, for the CO channel and less than or equal to ±0.3 percent O
10.1.3 Up-Scale Calibration. Individually introduce each calibration gas to the measurement system (e.g., at the calibration assembly) and record the start time. Record all EC cell output responses and the flow rate during this “sample conditioning phase” once per minute until readings are constant for at least two minutes. Then begin the “measurement data phase” and record readings every 15 seconds for a total of two minutes, or as otherwise required. Finally, perform the “refresh phase” by introducing dry air, free from CO and other combustion gases, until readings are constant for at least two consecutive minutes. Then repeat the steps in this section at least once to verify the calibration for each component gas. Introduce all gases to flow through the entire sample handling system (i.e., at the exit end of the sampling probe or the calibration assembly).
10.1.4 Up-Scale Calibration Error. The mean of the difference of the “measurement data phase” readings from the reported standard gas value must be less than or equal to ±5 percent or ±1 ppm for CO or ±0.5 percent O
10.2 Post-Sampling Calibration Check. Conduct a stack gas post-sampling calibration check after the stack gas sampling run or set of runs and within 12 hours of the initial calibration. Conduct up-scale and zero calibration checks using the protocol in Section 10.1. Make no changes to the sampling system or EC cell calibration until all post-sampling calibration checks have been recorded. If either the zero or up-scale calibration error exceeds the respective specification in Sections 10.1.2 and 10.1.4 then all measurement data collected since the previous successful calibrations are invalid and re-calibration and re-sampling are required. If the sampling system is disassembled or the EC cell calibration is adjusted, repeat the calibration check before conducting the next analyzer sampling run.
The analytical procedure is fully discussed in Section 8.
Determine the CO and O
Use the following protocols to verify consistent analyzer performance during each field sampling day.
13.1 Measurement Data Phase Performance Check. Calculate the mean of the readings from the “measurement data phase”. The maximum allowable deviation from the mean for each of the individual readings is ±2 percent, or ±1 ppm, whichever is less restrictive. Record the mean value and maximum deviation for each gas monitored. Data must conform to Section 10.1.4. The EC cell flow rate must conform to the specification in Section 8.3.
13.2 Interference Check. Before the initial use of the EC cell and interference gas scrubber in the field, and semi-annually thereafter, challenge the interference gas scrubber with NO and NO
13.2.1 Interference Response. The combined NO and NO
13.3 Repeatability Check. Conduct the following check once for each nominal range that is to be used on the CO EC cell within 5 days prior to each field sampling program. If a field sampling program lasts longer than 5 days, repeat this check every 5 days. Immediately repeat the check if the EC cell is replaced or if the EC cell is exposed to gas concentrations greater than 150 percent of the highest up-scale gas concentration.
13.3.1 Repeatability Check Procedure. Perform a complete EC cell sampling run (all three phases) by introducing the CO calibration gas to the measurement system and record the response. Follow Section 10.1.3. Use Figure 1 to record all data. Repeat the run three times for a total of four complete runs. During the four repeatability check runs, do not adjust the system except where necessary to achieve the correct calibration gas flow rate at the analyzer.
13.3.2 Repeatability Check Calculations. Determine the highest and lowest average “measurement data phase” CO concentrations from the four repeatability check runs and record the results on Figure 1 or a similar form. The absolute value of the difference between the maximum and minimum average values recorded must not vary more than ±3 percent or ±1 ppm of the up-scale gas value, whichever is less restrictive.
(1) “Development of an Electrochemical Cell Emission Analyzer Test Protocol”, Topical Report, Phil Juneau, Emission Monitoring, Inc., July 1997.
(2) “Determination of Nitrogen Oxides, Carbon Monoxide, and Oxygen Emissions from Natural Gas-Fired Engines, Boilers, and Process Heaters Using Portable Analyzers”, EMC Conditional Test Protocol 30 (CTM-30), Gas Research Institute Protocol GRI-96/0008, Revision 7, October 13, 1997.
(3) “ICAC Test Protocol for Periodic Monitoring”, EMC Conditional Test Protocol 34 (CTM-034), The Institute of Clean Air Companies, September 8, 1999.
(4) “Code of Federal Regulations”, Protection of Environment, 40 CFR, Part 60, Appendix A, Methods 1-4; 10.
Table 1: Appendix A—Sampling Run Data.
| Facility__________ Engine I.D.__________ Date______ | ||||
| Run Type: | (_) | (_) | (_) | (_) |
| (X) | Pre-Sample Calibration | Stack Gas Sample | Post-Sample Cal. Check | Repeatability Check |
| Run # | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | Time | Scrub. OK | Flow- Rate |
| Gas | O | CO | O | CO | O | CO | O | CO | |||
| Sample Cond. Phase | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| Measurement Data Phase | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| Mean | |||||||||||
| Refresh Phase | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
| ″ | |||||||||||
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| ″ |
Subpart AAAAA—National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Lime Manufacturing Plants
What This Subpart Covers
§ 63.7080 What is the purpose of this subpart?
This subpart establishes national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) for lime manufacturing plants. This subpart also establishes requirements to demonstrate initial and continuous compliance with the emission limitations.
§ 63.7081 Am I subject to this subpart?
(a) You are subject to this subpart if you own or operate a lime manufacturing plant (LMP) that is a major source, or that is located at, or is part of, a major source of hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions, unless the LMP is located at a kraft pulp mill, soda pulp mill, sulfite pulp mill, beet sugar manufacturing plant, or only processes sludge containing calcium carbonate from water softening processes.
(1) An LMP is an establishment engaged in the manufacture of lime product (calcium oxide, calcium oxide with magnesium oxide, or dead burned dolomite) by calcination of limestone, dolomite, shells or other calcareous substances.
(2) A major source of HAP is a plant site that emits or has the potential to emit any single HAP at a rate of 9.07 megagrams (10 tons) or more per year or any combination of HAP at a rate of 22.68 megagrams (25 tons) or more per year from all emission sources at the plant site.
(b) [Reserved]
§ 63.7082 What parts of my plant does this subpart cover?
(a) This subpart applies to each existing or new lime kiln(s) and their associated cooler(s), and processed stone handling (PSH) operations system(s) located at an LMP that is a major source.
(b) For purposes of complying with the PM emissions limitations of this subpart, a new lime kiln is a lime kiln, and (if applicable) its associated lime cooler, for which construction or reconstruction began after December 20, 2002, if you met the applicability criteria in § 63.7081 at the time you began construction or reconstruction.
(c) For the purposes of complying with the HCl, mercury, organic HAP, and D/F emissions limitations of this subpart, a new lime kiln is a lime kiln (only) for which construction or reconstruction began after January 5, 2023, if you met the applicability criteria in § 63.7081 at the time you began construction or reconstruction.
(d) A new PSH operations system is the equipment in paragraph (g) of this section, for which construction or reconstruction began after December 20, 2002, if you met the applicability criteria in § 63.7081 at the time you began construction or reconstruction.
(e) A lime kiln or PSH operations system is reconstructed if it meets the criteria for reconstruction defined in § 63.2.
(f) An existing lime kiln is any lime kiln, and (when complying with PM emissions limitations) its associated lime cooler, that does not meet the definition of a new kiln of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.
(g) An existing PSH operations system is any PHS operations system that does not meet the definition of a new PSH operations system in paragraph (c) of this section.
(h) A PSH operations system includes all equipment associated with PSH operations beginning at the processed stone storage bin(s) or open storage pile(s) and ending where the processed stone is fed into the kiln. It includes man-made processed stone storage bins (but not open processed stone storage piles), conveying system transfer points, bulk loading or unloading systems, screening operations, surge bins, bucket elevators, and belt conveyors. No other materials processing operations are subject to this subpart.
(i) Nuisance dust collectors on lime coolers are part of the lime materials processing operations and are not covered by this subpart.
(j) Lime hydrators are not subject to this subpart.
(k) Open material storage piles are not subject to this subpart.
§ 63.7083 When do I have to comply with this subpart?
(a) If you have a new affected source, you must comply with this subpart according to paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) If you start up your affected source before January 5, 2004, you must comply with the PM emission limitations no later than January 5, 2004, and you must have completed all applicable performance tests no later than July 5, 2004, except as noted in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section.
(2) If you start up your affected source after January 5, 2004, then you must comply with the PM emission limitations for new affected sources upon startup of your affected source and you must have completed all applicable performance tests no later than 180 days after startup, except as noted in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section.
(b) If you have an existing affected source you must comply with the applicable PM emission limitations for the existing affected source, and you must have completed all applicable performance tests no later than January 5, 2007, except as noted in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section.
(c) If you start up your affected source after July 16, 2024, then you must comply with all emission limitations for new affected sources upon startup of your affected source and you must have completed all applicable performance tests no later than 180 days after startup, except as noted in paragraphs (h)(1) and (2) of this section.
(d) If you have an existing affected source you must comply with all applicable emission limitations for the existing affected source, and you must have completed all applicable performance tests no later than July 16, 2027, except as noted in paragraphs (h)(1) and (2) of this section.
(e) If you have an LMP that is an area source that increases its emissions or its potential to emit such that it becomes a major source of HAP, the deadlines specified in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section apply.
(1) New affected sources at your LMP you must be in compliance with this subpart upon startup.
(2) Existing affected sources at your LMP must be in compliance with this subpart within 3 years after your source becomes a major source of HAP.
(f) You must meet the notification requirements in § 63.7130 according to the schedule in § 63.7130 and in subpart A of this part. Some of the notifications must be submitted before you are required to comply with the emission limitations in this subpart.
(g)(1) If your affected source commenced construction or reconstruction on or before September, 16, 2019, then the compliance date for the revised requirements promulgated at §§ 63.7090, 63.7100, 63.7112, 63.7113, 63.7121, 63.7130, 63.7131, 63.7132, 63.7140, 63.7141, 63.7142, and 63.7143 and Tables 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9 (except changes to the cross references to 63.6(f)(1) and (h)(1)) of 40 CFR 63, subpart AAAAA, published on July 24, 2020 is January 20, 2021.
(2) If your affected source commenced construction or reconstruction after September 16, 2019, then the compliance date for the revised requirements promulgated at §§ 63.7090, 63.7100, 63.7112, 63.7113, 63.7121, 63.7130, 63.7131, 63.7132, 63.7140, 63.7141, 63.7142, and 63.7143 and Tables 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 9 to this subpart, published on July 24, 2020 is July 24, 2020 or the date of initial startup, whichever is later.
(h)(1) If your affected source commenced construction or reconstruction on or before January 5, 2023, then the compliance date for HCl, mercury, total organic HAP, and D/F emissions limitations is July 16, 2027.
(2) If your affected source commenced construction or reconstruction after July 16, 2024, then the compliance date for HCl, mercury, total organic HAP, and D/F emissions limitations is July 16, 2024, or the date of initial startup, whichever is later.
Emission Limitations
§ 63.7090 What emission limitations must I meet?
(a) You must meet each emission limit in Table 1 to this subpart that applies to you.
(b) You must meet each operating limit in Table 3 to this subpart that applies to you.
(c) On or after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in §§ 63.7083(e), you must meet each startup and shutdown period emission limit in Table 2 to this subpart that applies to you.
(d) For those LMP using emissions averaging for either HCl emission limits or mercury emission limits in accordance with the procedures in § 63.7114(b) and (c), must not exceed the applicable emission limits in table 9 to this subpart.
General Compliance Requirements
§ 63.7100 What are my general requirements for complying with this subpart?
(a) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), you must be in compliance with the emission limitations (including operating limits) in this subpart at all times, except during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction. On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), you must be in compliance with the applicable emission limitations (including operating limits) at all times. You may operate outside of the established operating parameter limit(s) during performance tests in order to establish new operating limits.
(b) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), you must be in compliance with the opacity and visible emission (VE) limits in this subpart at all times, except during periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction. On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), you must be in compliance with the applicable opacity and VE limits at all times.
(c) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), you must always operate and maintain your affected source, including air pollution control and monitoring equipment, according to the provisions in § 63.6(e)(1)(i). On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), you must always operate and maintain any affected source, including associated air pollution control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. The general duty to minimize emissions does not require the owner or operator to make any further efforts to reduce emissions if levels required by the applicable standard have been achieved. Determination of whether such operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and maintenance records, and inspection of the source.
(d) You must prepare and implement for each LMP, a written operations, maintenance, and monitoring (OM&M) plan. You must submit the plan to the applicable permitting authority for review and approval as part of the application for a 40 CFR part 70 or 40 CFR part 71 permit. Any subsequent changes to the plan must be submitted to the applicable permitting authority for review and approval. Pending approval by the applicable permitting authority of an initial or amended plan, you must comply with the provisions of the submitted plan. Each plan must contain the following information:
(1) Process and control device parameters to be monitored to determine compliance, along with established operating limits or ranges, as applicable, for each emission unit.
(2) A monitoring schedule for each emission unit.
(3) Procedures for the proper operation and maintenance of each emission unit and each air pollution control device used to meet the applicable emission limitations and operating limits in Tables 1, 2 and 3 to this subpart, respectively. On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), your OM&M plan must address periods of startup and shutdown.
(4) Procedures for the proper installation, operation, and maintenance of monitoring devices or systems used to determine compliance, including:
(i) Calibration and certification of accuracy of each monitoring device;
(ii) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample interface, parametric signal analyzer, and the data collection and reduction systems;
(iii) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of §§ 63.8(c)(1)(i) and (ii), (3), and (4)(ii). On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of paragraph (c) of this section and §§ 63.8(c)(1)(ii), (3), and (4)(ii); and
(iv) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.8(d).
(5) Procedures for monitoring process and control device parameters.
(6) Corrective actions to be taken when process or operating parameters or add-on control device parameters deviate from the operating limits specified in Table 3 to this subpart, including:
(i) Procedures to determine and record the cause of a deviation or excursion, and the time the deviation or excursion began and ended; and
(ii) Procedures for recording the corrective action taken, the time corrective action was initiated, and the time and date the corrective action was completed.
(7) A maintenance schedule for each emission unit and control device that is consistent with the manufacturer’s instructions and recommendations for routine and long-term maintenance.
(e) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), you must develop a written startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan (SSMP) according to the provisions in § 63.6(e)(3).
Testing and Initial Compliance Requirements
§ 63.7110 By what date must I conduct performance tests and other initial compliance demonstrations?
(a) If you have an existing affected source, you must complete all applicable performance tests within January 5, 2007, according to the provisions in §§ 63.7(a)(2) and 63.7114.
(b) If you have a new affected source, and commenced construction or reconstruction between December 20, 2002, and January 5, 2004, you must demonstrate initial compliance with either the proposed emission limitation or the promulgated emission limitation no later than 180 calendar days after January 5, 2004 or within 180 calendar days after startup of the source, whichever is later, according to §§ 63.7(a)(2)(ix) and 63.7114.
(c) If you commenced construction or reconstruction between December 20, 2002, and January 5, 2004, and you chose to comply with the proposed emission limitation when demonstrating initial compliance, you must conduct a demonstration of compliance with the promulgated emission limitation within January 5, 2007 or after startup of the source, whichever is later, according to §§ 63.7(a)(2)(ix) and 63.7114.
(d) For each initial compliance requirement in Table 4 to this subpart that applies to you where the monitoring averaging period is 3 hours, the 3-hour period for demonstrating continuous compliance for emission units within existing affected sources at LMP begins at 12:01 a.m. on the compliance date for existing affected sources, that is, the day following completion of the initial compliance demonstration, and ends at 3:01 a.m. on the same day.
(e) For each initial compliance requirement in Table 4 to this subpart that applies to you where the monitoring averaging period is 3 hours, the 3-hour period for demonstrating continuous compliance for emission units within new or reconstructed affected sources at LMP begins at 12:01 a.m. on the day following completion of the initial compliance demonstration, as required in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, and ends at 3:01 a.m. on the same day.
(f) If your affected source commenced construction or reconstruction before July 16, 2024, you must demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limitation in in this subpart no later than July 16, 2027, or within 180 calendar days after startup of the source, whichever is later, according to §§ 63.7(a)(2)(ix) and 63.7114.
§ 63.7111 When must I conduct subsequent performance tests?
You must conduct a performance test within 5 years following the initial performance test and within 5 years following each subsequent performance test thereafter.
§ 63.7112 What performance tests, design evaluations, and other procedures must I use?
(a) You must conduct each performance test in Table 5 to this subpart that applies to you.
(b) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), each performance test must be conducted according to the requirements in § 63.7(e)(1) and under the specific conditions specified in table 5 to this subpart. Beginning July 16, 2024, each performance test must include the methods specified in rows 19-24 of table 5 to this subpart. On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), each performance test must be conducted based on representative performance (i.e., performance based on normal operating conditions) of the affected source and under the specific conditions in table 5 to this subpart. Representative conditions exclude periods of startup and shutdown. The owner or operator may not conduct performance tests during periods of malfunction. The owner or operator must record the process information that is necessary to document operating conditions during the test and include in such record an explanation to support that such conditions represent normal operation. Upon request, the owner or operator shall make available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests. Performance tests conducted in accordance with table 5 are not required to be performed at the same time.
(c) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), you may not conduct performance tests during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, as specified in § 63.7(e)(1). On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), you may not conduct performance tests during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction, as specified in paragraph (b) of this section.
(d) Except for opacity and VE observations, you must conduct three separate test runs for each performance test required in this section, as specified in § 63.7(e)(3). Each test run must last at least 1 hour or as specified in table 5 to this subpart.
(e) The emission rate of particulate matter (PM) from each lime kiln (and each lime cooler if there is a separate exhaust to the atmosphere from the lime cooler) must be computed for each run using Equation 1 of this section:
(f)(1) If you choose to meet a weighted average emission limit as specified in item 4 of Table 1 to this subpart, you must calculate a combined particulate emission rate from all kilns and coolers within your LMP using Equation 2 of this section:
(2) You do not have to include every kiln in this calculation, only include kilns you wish to average. Kilns that have a PM emission limit of 0.60 lb/tsf are ineligible for any averaging.
(g) The weighted average PM emission limit from all kilns and coolers for which you are averaging must be calculated using Equation 3 of this section:
(h) Performance test results must be documented in complete test reports that contain the information required by paragraphs (h)(1) through (10) of this section, as well as all other relevant information. The plan to be followed during testing must be made available to the Administrator at least 60 days prior to testing.
(1) A brief description of the process and the air pollution control system;
(2) Sampling location description(s);
(3) A description of sampling and analytical procedures and any modifications to standard procedures;
(4) Test results, including opacity;
(5) Quality assurance procedures and results;
(6) Records of operating conditions during the test, preparation of standards, and calibration procedures;
(7) Raw data sheets for field sampling and field and laboratory analyses;
(8) Documentation of calculations;
(9) All data recorded and used to establish operating limits; and
(10) Any other information required by the test method.
(i) [Reserved]
(j) You must establish any applicable 3-hour block average operating limit indicated in Table 3 to this subpart according to the applicable requirements in Table 4 to this subpart and paragraphs (j)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Continuously record the parameter during the performance test and include the parameter record(s) in the performance test report.
(2) Determine the average parameter value for each 15-minute period of each test run.
(3) Calculate the test run average for the parameter by taking the average of all the 15-minute parameter values for the run.
(4) Calculate the 3-hour operating limit by taking the average of the three test run averages.
(k) For each building enclosing any PSH operations that is subject to a VE limit, you must conduct a VE check according to item 18 in Table 5 to this subpart, and in accordance with paragraphs (k)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Conduct visual inspections that consist of a visual survey of the building over the test period to identify if there are VE, other than condensed water vapor.
(2) Select a position at least 15 but not more 1,320 feet from each side of the building with the sun or other light source generally at your back.
(3) The observer conducting the VE checks need not be certified to conduct EPA Method 9 in appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter. However, the observer must meet the training requirements as described in EPA Method 22 in appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter.
(l) When determining compliance with the opacity standards for fugitive emissions from PSH operations in item 8 of Table 1 to this subpart, you must conduct EPA Method 9 in appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter according to item 17 in Table 5 to this subpart, and in accordance with paragraphs (l)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) The minimum distance between the observer and the emission source shall be 4.57 meters (15 feet).
(2) The observer shall, when possible, select a position that minimizes interference from other fugitive emission sources (e.g., road dust). The required observer position relative to the sun must be followed.
(3) If you use wet dust suppression to control PM from PSH operations, a visible mist is sometimes generated by the spray. The water mist must not be confused with particulate matter emissions and is not to be considered VE. When a water mist of this nature is present, you must observe emissions at a point in the plume where the mist is no longer visible.
(m) On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), during startup, kilns must be tested hourly to determine when lime product meets the definition of on-specification lime product.
(n) The emission rate of mercury and hydrogen chloride (HCl) from each lime kiln (and each lime cooler as applicable) must be computed for each run using equation 4 to this paragraph (n):
(o) The concentration of total hydrocarbons and dioxins/furans shall be correct to 7 percent oxygen using equation 5 to this paragraph (o):
§ 63.7113 What are my monitoring installation, operation, and maintenance requirements?
(a) You must install, operate, and maintain each continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS) according to your OM&M plan required by § 63.7100(d) and paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section, and you must install, operate, and maintain each continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS) as required by paragraph (g) of this section
(1) The CPMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of operation for each successive 15-minute period.
(2) To calculate a valid hourly value, you must have at least four equally spaced data values (or at least two, if that condition is included to allow for periodic calibration checks) for that hour from a CPMS that is not out of control according your OM&M plan, and use all valid data.
(3) To calculate the average for each 3-hour block averaging period, you must use all valid data, and you must have at least 66 percent of the hourly averages for that period using only hourly average values that are based on valid data (i.e., not from out-of-control periods).
(4) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each CPMS in accordance with your OM&M plan.
(5) You must continuously operate and maintain the CPMS according to the OM&M plan, including, but not limited to, maintaining necessary parts for routine repairs of the monitoring equipment.
(b) For each flow measurement device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) and (b)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Use a flow sensor with a minimum tolerance of 2 percent of the flow rate.
(2) Reduce swirling flow or abnormal velocity distributions due to upstream and downstream disturbances.
(3) Conduct a flow sensor calibration check at least semiannually.
(4) At least monthly, inspect all components for integrity, all electrical connections for continuity, and all mechanical connections for leakage.
(c) For each pressure measurement device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) and (c)(1) through (7) of this section.
(1) Locate the pressure sensor(s) in or as close to as possible a position that provides a representative measurement of the pressure.
(2) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, and internal and external corrosion.
(3) Use a gauge with a minimum tolerance of 0.5 inch of water or a transducer with a minimum tolerance of 1 percent of the pressure range.
(4) Check pressure tap pluggage daily.
(5) Using a manometer, check gauge calibration quarterly and transducer calibration monthly.
(6) Conduct calibration checks any time the sensor exceeds the manufacturer’s specified maximum operating pressure range or install a new pressure sensor.
(7) At least monthly, inspect all components for integrity, all electrical connections for continuity, and all mechanical connections for leakage.
(d) For each bag leak detection system (BLDS), you must meet any applicable requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) and (d)(1) through (10) of this section.
(1) The BLDS must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting PM emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter (0.0044 grains per actual cubic foot) or less.
(2) The sensor on the BLDS must provide output of relative PM emissions.
(3) The BLDS must be equipped with a device to continuously record the output signal from the sensor.
(4) The BLDS must have an alarm that will sound automatically when it detects an increase in relative PM emissions greater than a preset level.
(5) The alarm must be located in an area where appropriate plant personnel will be able to hear it.
(6) For a positive-pressure fabric filter (FF), each compartment or cell must have a bag leak detector (BLD). For a negative-pressure or induced-air FF, the BLD must be installed downstream of the FF. If multiple BLD are required (for either type of FF), the detectors may share the system instrumentation and alarm.
(7) Each triboelectric BLDS must be installed, calibrated, operated, and maintained according to EPA-454/R-98-015, “Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance,” (incorporated by reference—see § 63.14). Other types of bag leak detection systems must be installed, operated, calibrated, and maintained according to the manufacturer’s written specifications and recommendations. Standard operating procedures must be incorporated into the OM&M plan.
(8) At a minimum, initial adjustment of the system must consist of establishing the baseline output in both of the following ways, according to section 5.0 of the EPA-454/R-98-015, “Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance,” (incorporated by reference—see § 63.14):
(i) Adjust the range and the averaging period of the device.
(ii) Establish the alarm set points and the alarm delay time.
(9) After initial adjustment, the sensitivity or range, averaging period, alarm set points, or alarm delay time may not be adjusted except as specified in the OM&M plan required by § 63.7100(d). In no event may the range be increased by more than 100 percent or decreased by more than 50 percent over a 365-day period unless such adjustment follows a complete FF inspection that demonstrates that the FF is in good operating condition, as defined in section 5.2 of the “Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance,” (incorporated by reference—see § 63.14). Record each adjustment.
(10) Record the results of each inspection, calibration, and validation check.
(e) For each PM detector, you must meet any applicable requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) and (e)(1) through (8) of this section.
(1) The PM detector must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting PM emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter (0.0044 grains per actual cubic foot) or less.
(2) The sensor on the PM detector must provide output of relative PM emissions.
(3) The PM detector must have an alarm that will sound automatically when it detects an increase in relative PM emissions greater than a preset level.
(4) The alarm must be located in an area where appropriate plant personnel will be able to hear it.
(5) For a positive-pressure electrostatic precipitator (ESP), each compartment must have a PM detector. For a negative-pressure or induced-air ESP, the PM detector must be installed downstream of the ESP. If multiple PM detectors are required (for either type of ESP), the detectors may share the system instrumentation and alarm.
(6) Particulate matter detectors must be installed, operated, adjusted, and maintained according to the manufacturer’s written specifications and recommendations. Standard operating procedures must be incorporated into the OM&M plan.
(7) At a minimum, initial adjustment of the system must consist of establishing the baseline output in both of the following ways:
(i) Adjust the range and the averaging period of the device.
(ii) Establish the alarm set points and the alarm delay time.
(8) After initial adjustment, the range, averaging period, alarm set points, or alarm delay time may not be adjusted except as specified in the OM&M plan required by § 63.7100(d). In no event may the range be increased by more than 100 percent or decreased by more than 50 percent over a 365-day period unless a responsible official as defined in § 63.2 certifies in writing to the Administrator that the ESP has been inspected and found to be in good operating condition.
(f) For each emission unit equipped with an add-on air pollution control device, you must inspect each capture/collection and closed vent system at least once each calendar year to ensure that each system is operating in accordance with the operating requirements in item 6 of Table 3 to this subpart and record the results of each inspection.
(g) For each COMS used to monitor an add-on air pollution control device, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Install the COMS at the outlet of the control device.
(2) Install, maintain, calibrate, and operate the COMS as required by 40 CFR part 63, subpart A, General Provisions and according to Performance Specification (PS)-1 of appendix B to part 60 of this chapter. Facilities that operate COMS installed on or before February 6, 2001, may continue to meet the requirements in effect at the time of COMS installation unless specifically required to re-certify the COMS by their permitting authority.
(h) For each mass flow rate monitor used for measuring the dry sorbent injection rate (e.g., sorbent, activated carbon, etc.) you must meet the requirements of (h)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Locate the device in a position(s) that provides a representative measurement of the total sorbent injection rate.
(2) Install and calibrate the device in accordance with manufacturer’s procedures and specifications.
(3) At least annually, calibrate the device in accordance with the manufacturer’s procedures and specifications.
(i) For each temperature monitoring device installed to monitor the temperature of a thermal oxidizer, you must meet the requirements of (i)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Install the temperature monitoring device in the fire box or in the ductwork immediately downstream of the fire box in a position before any substantial heat exchange occurs.
(2) The temperature measurement system must be capable of measuring the temperature over a range that extends at least 20 percent beyond the normal expected operating range and has an accuracy of ±1 percent of temperature measured or 2.8 degrees Celsius (5 degrees Fahrenheit) whichever is greater. The data recording system associated with affected CPMS must have a resolution that is equal to or better than one-half of the required system accuracy.
(3) The calibration reference for the temperature measurement must be a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) calibrated reference thermocouple-potentiometer system, NIST traceable certified reference thermocouple, or alternate reference, subject to approval by the Administrator.
(4) The calibration of all thermocouples and other temperature sensors must be verified at least once every three months.
§ 63.7114 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limitations standard?
(a) You must demonstrate initial compliance with each emission limit in Table 1 to this subpart that applies to you, according to Table 4 to this subpart. For existing lime kilns and their associated coolers, you may perform VE measurements in accordance with EPA Method 9 of appendix A to part 60 in lieu of installing a COMS or PM detector if any of the conditions in paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section exist:
(1) You use a FF for PM control, and the FF is under positive pressure and has multiple stacks; or
(2) The control device exhausts through a monovent; or
(3) The installation of a COMS in accordance with PS-1 of appendix B to part 60 is infeasible.
(b) For those LMP that comply with either the HCl emissions limit or the mercury emission limit using emissions averaging, the average HCl or mercury emissions determined according to the procedures in § 63.7112(n), must not exceed the applicable emission limit in table 9 to this subpart.
(c) For those LMP that comply with either the HCl emissions limit or the mercury emission limit using emissions averaging, you must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) You must complete the stack testing required in paragraph § 63.7112(n) for all lime kilns you wish to include in the emission average before submitting the implementation plan required in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
(2) You must develop and submit to the applicable regulatory authority for review and approval, an implementation plan for emission averaging no later than 180 days before the date you intend to demonstrate compliance using the emission averaging option. You must include the information contained in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section in your implementation plan.
(i) Identification of all lime kilns in the averaging group, including the lime kiln subcategory, type of lime produced, typical stone production rate, control technology installed, and types of fuel(s) that will be burned.
(ii) The HCl or mercury emission rate for each lime kiln for each of the fuels identified in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section.
(iii) The date on which you are requesting emission averaging to commence.
(3) The regulatory authority shall review and approve or disapprove the plan according to the following criteria:
(i) Whether the content of the plan includes all the information specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section; and
(ii) Whether the plan presents sufficient information to determine that compliance will be achieved and maintained.
(4) The applicable regulatory authority shall not approve an emission averaging implementation plan containing any of the following provisions:
(i) Averaging between emissions of differing pollutants;
(ii) Averaging that includes lime kilns constructed or reconstructed on or after July 16, 2024; or
(iii) Averaging between lime kilns located at different facilities.
(iv) Averaging between lime kilns in different subcategories.
(d) You must establish each site-specific operating limit in Table 3 to this subpart that applies to you according to the requirements in § 63.7112(j) and Table 5 to this subpart. Alternative parameters may be monitored if approval is obtained according to the procedures in § 63.8(f).
(e) You must submit the Notification of Compliance Status containing the results of the initial compliance demonstration according to the requirements in § 63.7130(e).
Continuous Compliance Requirements
§ 63.7120 How do I monitor and collect data to demonstrate continuous compliance?
(a) You must monitor and collect data according to this section.
(b) Except for monitor malfunctions, associated repairs, required quality assurance or control activities (including, as applicable, calibration checks and required zero adjustments), and except for PSH operations subject to monthly VE testing, you must monitor continuously (or collect data at all required intervals) at all times that the emission unit is operating.
(c) Data recorded during the conditions described in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section may not be used either in data averages or calculations of emission or operating limits; or in fulfilling a minimum data availability requirement. You must use all the data collected during all other periods in assessing the operation of the control device and associated control system.
(1) Monitoring system breakdowns, repairs, preventive maintenance, calibration checks, and zero (low-level) and high-level adjustments;
(2) Periods of non-operation of the process unit (or portion thereof), resulting in cessation of the emissions to which the monitoring applies; and
§ 63.7121 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission limitations standard?
(a) You must demonstrate continuous compliance with each emission limitation in Tables 1 and 3 to this subpart that applies to you according to the methods specified in Tables 6 and 7 to this subpart.
(b) You must report each instance in which you did not meet each operating limit, opacity limit, and VE limit in Tables 2, 3 and 7 to this subpart that applies to you. These deviations must be reported according to the requirements in § 63.7131.
(c) [Reserved]
(d) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), consistent with §§ 63.6(e) and 63.7(e)(1), deviations that occur during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction are not violations if you demonstrate to the Administrator’s satisfaction that you were operating in accordance with § 63.6(e)(1). The Administrator will determine whether deviations that occur during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction are violations, according to the provisions in § 63.6(e).
(e) For each PSH operation subject to an opacity limit as specified in Table 1 to this subpart, and any vents from buildings subject to an opacity limit, you must conduct a VE check according to item 1 in Table 7 to this subpart, and as follows:
(1) Conduct visual inspections that consist of a visual survey of each stack or process emission point over the test period to identify if there are VE, other than condensed water vapor.
(2) Select a position at least 15 but not more 1,320 feet from the affected emission point with the sun or other light source generally at your back.
(3) The observer conducting the VE checks need not be certified to conduct EPA Method 9 in appendix A-4 to part 60 of this chapter but must meet the training requirements as described in EPA Method 22 of appendix A-7 to part 60 of this chapter.
(f) For existing lime kilns and their associated coolers, you may perform VE measurements in accordance with EPA Method 9 of appendix A to part 60 in lieu of installing a COMS or PM detector if any of the conditions in paragraphs (f)(1) or (3) of this section exist:
(1) You use a FF for PM control, and the FF is under positive pressure and has multiple stacks; or
(2) The control device exhausts through a monovent; or
(3) The installation of a COMS in accordance with PS-1 of appendix B to part 60 is infeasible.
(g) If you elect to comply with either the HCl emission limit or the mercury emission limit in table 9 to this subpart using emissions averaging in accordance with an implementation plan approved under the provisions in § 63.7114(c) you must comply with the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (8) of this section.
(1) For lime kilns included in the emissions averaging group that are equipped with dry sorbent injection (DSI) or activated carbon injection (ACI) systems, you must comply with the requirements in § 63.7113(h).
(2) For kilns included in the emissions averaging group that use a control device or method other than DSI or ACI, you must comply with your site-specific monitoring plan of this section, in accordance with the requirements of § 63.7100(d).
(3) Calculate the monthly production-weighted average emission rate using the HCl or mercury emission rate determined during the last performance test and the actual production data for each kiln included in the emissions averaging option, as shown in equation 1 to this paragraph (g)(3).
(4) Until 12 monthly weighted average emission rates have been accumulated, the monthly weighted average emissions rate, calculated as shown in paragraph (g)(3) of this section, must not exceed the emission limit in table 9 to this subpart in any calendar month.
(5) After 12 monthly weighted average emission rates have been accumulated, for each subsequent calendar month, you must use equation 2 to this paragraph (g)(5) to calculate the 12-month rolling average of the monthly weighted average emission rates for the current month and the previous 11 months. The 12-month rolling weighted average emissions rate for the kilns included in the group must not exceed the emission limits in table 9 to this subpart.
(6) For those kilns that produce multiple types of lime in the HCl subcategory (e.g., high calcium quick lime and dolomitic quick lime) you must establish a kiln-specific emission limit using equation 3 to this paragraph (g)(6).
(7) For those kilns that produce multiple types of lime in the HCl subcategory, after the close of each calendar month compliance with the kiln-specific emission limit developed in this paragraph (g) would be calculated using equation 4 to this paragraph (g)(7).
(8) For those kilns that produce multiple types of lime in the HCl subcategory, compliance using the emissions averaging provisions is demonstrated when E
Notification, Reports, and Records
§ 63.7130 What notifications must I submit and when?
(a) You must submit all of the notifications in §§ 63.6(h)(4) and (5); 63.7(b) and (c); 63.8(e); (f)(4) and (6); and 63.9 (a) through (j) that apply to you, by the dates specified.
(b) As specified in § 63.9(b)(2), if you start up your affected source before January 5, 2004, you must submit an initial notification not later than 120 calendar days after January 5, 2004, or no later than 120 days after the source becomes subject to this subpart, whichever is later.
(c) If you startup your new or reconstructed affected source on or after January 5, 2004, you must submit an initial notification not later than 120 calendar days after you start up your affected source, or no later than 120 days after the source becomes subject to this subpart, whichever is later.
(d) If you are required to conduct a performance test, you must submit a notification of intent to conduct a performance test at least 60 calendar days before the performance test is scheduled to begin, as required in § 63.7(b)(1).
(e) If you are required to conduct a performance test, design evaluation, opacity observation, VE observation, or other initial compliance demonstration as specified in Table 4 or 5 to this subpart, you must submit a Notification of Compliance Status according to § 63.9(h)(2)(ii). Beginning on the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), submit all subsequent Notification of Compliance Status following the procedure specified in § 63.7131(h).
(1) For each initial compliance demonstration required in Table 4 to this subpart that does not include a performance test, you must submit the Notification of Compliance Status before the close of business on the 30th calendar day following the completion of the initial compliance demonstration.
(2) For each compliance demonstration required in Table 6 to this subpart that includes a performance test conducted according to the requirements in Table 5 to this subpart, you must submit the Notification of Compliance Status, including the performance test results, before the close of business on the 60th calendar day following the completion of the performance test according to § 63.10(d)(2).
§ 63.7131 What reports must I submit and when?
(a) You must submit each report listed in Table 8 to this subpart that applies to you.
(b) Unless the Administrator has approved a different schedule for submission of reports under § 63.10(a), you must submit each report by the date specified in Table 8 to this subpart and according to the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (6) of this section:
(1) The first compliance report must cover the period beginning on the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.7083 and ending on June 30 or December 31, whichever date is the first date following the end of the first half calendar year after the compliance date that is specified for your source in § 63.7083.
(2) The first compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no later than July 31 or January 31, whichever date follows the end of the first half calendar year after the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.7083.
(3) Each subsequent compliance report must cover the semiannual reporting period from January 1 through June 30 or the semiannual reporting period from July 1 through December 31.
(4) Each subsequent compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no later than July 31 or January 31, whichever date is the first date following the end of the semiannual reporting period.
(5) For each affected source that is subject to permitting regulations pursuant to part 70 or part 71 of this chapter, if the permitting authority has established dates for submitting semiannual reports pursuant to §§ 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) of this chapter, you may submit the first and subsequent compliance reports according to the dates the permitting authority has established instead of according to the dates specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section.
(6) Beginning on the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), submit all subsequent compliance reports following the procedure specified in paragraph (h) of this section.
(c) The compliance report must contain the information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) Company name and address.
(2) Statement by a responsible official with that official’s name, title, and signature, certifying the truth, accuracy, and completeness of the content of the report.
(3) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period.
(4) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), if you had a startup, shutdown or malfunction during the reporting period and you took actions consistent with your SSMP, the compliance report must include the information in § 63.10(d)(5)(i).
(5) If there were no deviations from any emission limitations (emission limit, operating limit, opacity limit, and VE limit) that apply to you, the compliance report must include a statement that there were no deviations from the emission limitations during the reporting period.
(6) If there were no periods during which the continuous monitoring systems (CMS) were out-of-control as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), a statement that there were no periods during which the CMS were out-of-control during the reporting period.
(d) For each deviation from an emission limitation (emission limit, operating limit, opacity limit, and VE limit) that occurs at an affected source where you are not using a CMS to comply with the emission limitations in this subpart, the compliance report must contain the information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) and (d)(1) and (2) of this section. The deviations must be reported in accordance with the requirements in § 63.10(d) prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) and the requirements in § 63.10(d)(1)-(4) beginning on the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e).
(1) The total operating time of each emission unit during the reporting period.
(2) Information on the number, duration, and cause of deviations (including unknown cause, if applicable), and the corrective action taken.
(3) An estimate of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over a non-opacity or VE emission limit, and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.
(e) For each deviation from an emission limitation (emission limit, operating limit, opacity limit, and VE limit) occurring at an affected source where you are using a CMS to comply with the emission limitation in this subpart, you must include the information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) and (e)(1) through (11) of this section, except that beginning on the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in 63.7083(e), the semiannual compliance report must also include the information included in paragraph (e)(12) of this section. This includes periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(1) The date and time that each malfunction started and stopped.
(2) The date, time, and duration that each CMS was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-level checks.
(3) The date, time and duration that each CMS was out-of-control, including the information in § 63.8(c)(8).
(4) The date and time that each deviation started and stopped, and whether each deviation occurred during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction or during another period.
(5) A summary of the total duration of the deviations during the reporting period and the total duration as a percent of the total affected source operating time during that reporting period.
(6) A breakdown of the total duration of the deviations during the reporting period into those that are due to startup, shutdown, control equipment problems, process problems, other known causes, and other unknown causes.
(7) A summary of the total duration of CMS downtime during the reporting period and the total duration of CMS downtime as a percent of the total emission unit operating time during that reporting period.
(8) A brief description of the process units.
(9) A brief description of the CMS.
(10) The date of the latest CMS certification or audit.
(11) A description of any changes in CMS, processes, or controls since the last reporting period.
(12) An estimate of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over a non-opacity or VE emission limit, and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.
(f) Each facility that has obtained a title V operating permit pursuant to part 70 or part 71 of this chapter must report all deviations as defined in this subpart in the semiannual monitoring report required by § 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) of this chapter. If you submit a compliance report specified in Table 8 to this subpart along with, or as part of, the semiannual monitoring report required by § 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) of this chapter, and the compliance report includes all required information concerning deviations from any emission limitation (including any operating limit), submission of the compliance report shall be deemed to satisfy any obligation to report the same deviations in the semiannual monitoring report. However, submission of a compliance report shall not otherwise affect any obligation you may have to report deviations from permit requirements to the permit authority.
(g) If you are required to submit reports following the procedure specified in this paragraph (g), you must submit reports to the EPA via the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI), which can be accessed through the EPA’s Central Data Exchange (CDX) (https://cdx.epa.gov/). You must use the appropriate electronic report template on the CEDRI website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/compliance-and-emissions-data-reporting-interface-cedri) for this subpart. The date report templates become available will be listed on the CEDRI website. The report must be submitted by the deadline specified in this subpart, regardless of the method in which the report is submitted. The EPA will make all the information submitted through CEDRI available to the public without further notice to you. Do not use CEDRI to submit information you claim as Confidential Business Information (CBI). Although we do not expect persons to assert a claim of CBI, if you wish to assert a CBI claim for some of the information in the report, you must submit a complete file, including information claimed to be CBI, to the EPA following the procedures in this paragraph (g). Clearly mark the part or all of the information that you claim to be CBI. Information not marked as CBI may be authorized for public release without prior notice. Information marked as CBI will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2. All CBI claims must be asserted at the time of submission. Anything submitted using CEDRI cannot later be claimed CBI. Furthermore, under CAA section 114(c), emissions data is not entitled to confidential treatment, and the EPA is required to make emissions data available to the public. Thus, emissions data will not be protected as CBI and will be made publicly available. You must submit the same file submitted to the CBI office with the CBI omitted to the EPA via the EPA’s CDX as described earlier in this paragraph (g).
(1) The preferred method to receive CBI is for it to be transmitted electronically using email attachments, File Transfer Protocol, or other online file sharing services. Electronic submissions must be transmitted directly to the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) CBI Office at the email address [email protected], and as described above, should include clear CBI markings and be flagged to the attention of the Lime Manufacturing Sector Lead. If assistance is needed with submitting large electronic files that exceed the file size limit for email attachments, and if you do not have your own file sharing service, please email [email protected] to request a file transfer link.
(2) If you cannot transmit the file electronically, you may send CBI information through the postal service to the following address: OAQPS Document Control Officer (C404-02), OAQPS, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 12055, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, Attention Lime Manufacturing Sector Lead. The mailed CBI material should be double wrapped and clearly marked. Any CBI markings should not show through the outer envelope.
(h) Within 60 days after the date of completing each performance test required by this subpart, you must submit the results of the performance test following the procedures specified in paragraphs (h)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Data collected using test methods supported by the EPA’s Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA’s ERT website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert) at the time of the test. Submit the results of the performance test to the EPA via CEDRI, which can be accessed through the EPA’s CDX (https://cdx.epa.gov/). The data must be submitted in a file format generated through the use of the EPA’s ERT. Alternatively, you may submit an electronic file consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the EPA’s ERT website.
(2) Data collected using test methods that are not supported by the EPA’s ERT as listed on the EPA’s ERT website at the time of the test. The results of the performance test must be included as an attachment in the ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA’s ERT website. Submit the ERT generated package or alternative file to the EPA via CEDRI.
(3) Confidential business information (CBI). (i) The EPA will make all the information submitted through CEDRI available to the public without further notice to you. Do not use CEDRI to submit information you claim as CBI. Although we do not expect persons to assert a claim of CBI, if you wish to assert a CBI claim for some of the information submitted under paragraph (a)(1) or (2) of this section, you must submit a complete file, including information claimed to be CBI, to the EPA.
(ii) The file must be generated using the EPA’s ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA’s ERT website.
(iii) Clearly mark the part or all of the information that you claim to be CBI. Information not marked as CBI may be authorized for public release without prior notice. Information marked as CBI will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2.
(iv) The preferred method to receive CBI is for it to be transmitted electronically using email attachments, File Transfer Protocol, or other online file sharing services. Electronic submissions must be transmitted directly to the OAQPS CBI Office at the email address [email protected], and as described above, should include clear CBI markings and be flagged to the attention of the Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group. If assistance is needed with submitting large electronic files that exceed the file size limit for email attachments, and if you do not have your own file sharing service, please email [email protected] to request a file transfer link.
(v) If you cannot transmit the file electronically, you may send CBI information through the postal service to the following address: OAQPS Document Control Officer (C404-02), OAQPS, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 12055, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, Attention Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group. The mailed CBI material should be double wrapped and clearly marked. Any CBI markings should not show through the outer envelope.
(vi) All CBI claims must be asserted at the time of submission. Anything submitted using CEDRI cannot later be claimed CBI. Furthermore, under CAA section 114(c), emissions data is not entitled to confidential treatment, and the EPA is required to make emissions data available to the public. Thus, emissions data will not be protected as CBI and will be made publicly available.
(vii) You must submit the same file submitted to the CBI office with the CBI omitted to the EPA via the EPA’s CDX as described in paragraphs (h)(1) and (2) of this section.
(i) If you are required to electronically submit a report or notification through CEDRI in the EPA’s CDX, you may assert a claim of EPA system outage for failure to timely comply with the reporting requirement. To assert a claim of EPA system outage, you must meet the requirements outlined in paragraphs (i)(1) through (7) of this section.
(1) You must have been or will be precluded from accessing CEDRI and submitting a required report within the time prescribed due to an outage of either the EPA’s CEDRI or CDX systems.
(2) The outage must have occurred within the period of time beginning five business days prior to the date that the submission is due.
(3) The outage may be planned or unplanned.
(4) You must submit notification to the Administrator in writing as soon as possible following the date you first knew, or through due diligence should have known, that the event may cause or has caused a delay in reporting.
(5) You must provide to the Administrator a written description identifying:
(i) The date(s) and time(s) when CDX or CEDRI was accessed and the system was unavailable;
(ii) A rationale for attributing the delay in reporting beyond the regulatory deadline to EPA system outage;
(iii) Measures taken or to be taken to minimize the delay in reporting; and
(iv) The date by which you propose to report, or if you have already met the reporting requirement at the time of the notification, the date you reported.
(6) The decision to accept the claim of EPA system outage and allow an extension to the reporting deadline is solely within the discretion of the Administrator.
(7) In any circumstance, the report must be submitted electronically as soon as possible after the outage is resolved.
(j) If you are required to electronically submit a report through CEDRI in the EPA’s CDX, you may assert a claim of force majeure for failure to timely comply with the reporting requirement. To assert a claim of force majeure, you must meet the requirements outlined in paragraphs (j)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) You may submit a claim if a force majeure event is about to occur, occurs, or has occurred or there are lingering effects from such an event within the period of time beginning five business days prior to the date the submission is due. For the purposes of this section, a force majeure event is defined as an event that will be or has been caused by circumstances beyond the control of the affected facility, its contractors, or any entity controlled by the affected facility that prevents you from complying with the requirement to submit a report electronically within the time period prescribed. Examples of such events are acts of nature (e.g., hurricanes, earthquakes, or floods), acts of war or terrorism, or equipment failure or safety hazard beyond the control of the affected facility (e.g., large scale power outage).
(2) You must submit notification to the Administrator in writing as soon as possible following the date you first knew, or through due diligence should have known, that the event may cause or has caused a delay in reporting.
(3) You must provide to the Administrator:
(i) A written description of the force majeure event;
(ii) A rationale for attributing the delay in reporting beyond the regulatory deadline to the force majeure event;
(iii) Measures taken or to be taken to minimize the delay in reporting; and
(iv) The date by which you propose to report, or if you have already met the reporting requirement at the time of the notification, the date you reported.
(4) The decision to accept the claim of force majeure and allow an extension to the reporting deadline is solely within the discretion of the Administrator.
(5) In any circumstance, the reporting must occur as soon as possible after the force majeure event occurs.
§ 63.7132 What records must I keep?
(a) You must keep the records specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) A copy of each notification and report that you submitted to comply with this subpart, including all documentation supporting any Initial Notification or Notification of Compliance Status that you submitted, according to the requirements in § 63.10(b)(2)(xiv).
(2) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), the records in § 63.6(e)(3)(iii) through (v) related to startup, shutdown, and malfunction. On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), the records in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) You must keep records for each startup period of the date, the time startup began, the time began producing on-specification lime product, and the time discharge from the kiln began for any affected source that is subject to a standard during startup that differs from the standard applicable at other times.
(ii) You must keep records of the date, time, cause and duration of each malfunction (as defined in 40 CFR 63.2) that causes an affected source to fail to meet an applicable standard; if there was also a monitoring malfunction, the date, time, cause, and duration of the monitoring malfunction; the record must list the affected source or equipment; if there was a failure to meet a particulate matter emissions limit, an estimate of the volume of each regulated pollutant emitted over the limit, and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.
(3) Records of performance tests, performance evaluations, and opacity and VE observations as required in § 63.10(b)(2)(viii).
(b) You must keep the records in § 63.6(h)(6) for VE observations.
(c) You must keep the records required by Tables 6 and 7 to this subpart to show continuous compliance with each emission limitation that applies to you.
(d) You must keep the records which document the basis for the initial applicability determination as required under § 63.7081.
§ 63.7133 In what form and for how long must I keep my records?
(a) Your records must be in a form suitable and readily available for expeditious review, according to § 63.10(b)(1).
(b) As specified in § 63.10(b)(1), you must keep each record for 5 years following the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record.
(c) You must keep each record onsite for at least 2 years after the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record, according to § 63.10(b)(1). You may keep the records offsite for the remaining 3 years.
(d) Any records required to be maintained by this part that are submitted electronically via the EPA’s CEDRI may be maintained in electronic format. This ability to maintain electronic copies does not affect the requirement for facilities to make records, data, and reports available upon request to a delegated air agency or the EPA as part of an on-site compliance evaluation.
Other Requirements and Information
§ 63.7140 What parts of the General Provisions apply to me?
Table 9 to this subpart shows which parts of the General Provisions in §§ 63.1 through 63.16 apply to you. When there is overlap between subpart A and subpart AAAAA, as indicated in the “Explanations” column in Table 8, subpart AAAAA takes precedence.
§ 63.7141 Who implements and enforces this subpart?
(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by us, the U.S. EPA, or by a delegated authority such as your State, local, or tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has delegated authority to your State, local, or tribal agency, then that agency (as well as the U.S. EPA) has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. You should contact your U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is delegated to your State, local, or tribal agency.
(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a State, local, or tribal agency under subpart E of this part, the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this section are retained by the Administrator of the U.S. EPA and are not transferred to the State, local, or tribal agency.
(c) The authorities that will not be delegated to State, local, or tribal agencies are as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (7) of this section.
(1) Approval of alternatives to the non-opacity emission limitations in § 63.7090(a).
(2) Approval of alternative opacity emission limitations in § 63.7090(a) and (c).
(3) Approval of alternatives to the operating limits in § 63.7090(b).
(4) Approval of major alternatives to test methods under § 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(5) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring under § 63.8(f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(6) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting under § 63.10(f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(7) Approval of an alternative to any electronic reporting to the EPA required by this subpart.
§ 63.7142 What are the requirements for claiming area source status?
(a) If you wish to claim that your LMP is an area source, you must measure the emissions of hydrogen chloride from all lime kilns, except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, at your plant using either:
(1) EPA Method 320 of appendix A to this part, or
(2) As an alternative to Method 320 of Appendix A, ASTM D6348-03 (Reapproved 2010) including Annexes A1 through A8 (incorporated by reference—see § 63.14). ASTM D6348-12e1 (incorporated by reference—see § 63.14) is an acceptable alternative to EPA Method 320 of appendix A, provided that the provisions of paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section are followed:
(i) The test plan preparation and implementation in the Annexes to ASTM D6348-03 (Reapproved 2010), Sections A1 through A8 are mandatory.
(ii) In ASTM D6348-03 (Reapproved 2010) Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent recovery (%R) must be determined for each target analyte (Equation A5.5). In order for the test data to be acceptable for a compound, %R must be greater than or equal to 70 percent and less than or equal to 130 percent. If the %R value does not meet this criterion for a target compound, the test data are not acceptable for that compound and the test must be repeated for that analyte (i.e., the sampling and/or analytical procedure should be adjusted before a retest). The %R value for each compound must be reported in the test report, and all field measurements must be corrected with the calculated %R value for that compound by using the following equation: Reported Results = ((Measured Concentration in the Stack))/(%R) × 100; or
(3) EPA Method 321 of appendix A to this part.
(b) If you conduct tests to determine the rates of emission of specific organic HAP from lime kilns at LMP for use in applicability determinations under § 63.7081, you may use either:
(1) Method 320 of appendix A to this part, or
(2) As an alternative to Method 320 of Appendix A, ASTM D6348-03 (Reapproved 2010) including Annexes A1 through A8 (incorporated by reference—see § 63.14). ASTM D6348-12e1 (incorporated by reference—see § 63.14) is an acceptable alternative to EPA Method 320 of appendix A, provided that the provisions of paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section are followed:
(i) The test plan preparation and implementation in the Annexes to ASTM D6348-03 (Reapproved 2010), Sections A1 through A8 are mandatory.
(ii) In ASTM D6348-03 (Reapproved 2010) Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent recovery (%R) must be determined for each target analyte (Equation A5.5). In order for the test data to be acceptable for a compound, %R must be greater than or equal to 70 percent and less than or equal to 130 percent. If the %R value does not meet this criterion for a target compound, the test data are not acceptable for that compound and the test must be repeated for that analyte (i.e., the sampling and/or analytical procedure should be adjusted before a retest). The %R value for each compound must be reported in the test report, and all field measurements must be corrected with the calculated %R value for that compound by using the following equation: Reported Results = ((Measured Concentration in the Stack))/(%R) × 100; or
(3) Method 18 of appendix A-6 to part 60 of this chapter; or
(4) As an alternative to Method 18, ASTM D6420-99 (Reapproved 2010), (incorporated by reference—see § 63.14), provided that the provisions of paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (iv) of this section are followed:
(i) The target compound(s) are those listed in section 1.1 of ASTM D6420-99 (Reapproved 2010) as measurable;
(ii) This ASTM should not be used for methane and ethane because their atomic mass is less than 35 and
(iii) ASTM D6420-99 (Reapproved 2010) should never be specified as a total VOC method.
(c) It is left to the discretion of the permitting authority whether or not idled kilns must be tested for (HCl) to claim area source status. If the facility has kilns that use common feed materials and fuel, are essentially identical in design, and use essentially identical emission controls, the permitting authority may also determine if one kiln can be tested, and the HCl emissions for the other essentially identical kilns be estimated from that test.
§ 63.7143 What definitions apply to this subpart?
Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act, in § 63.2, and in this section as follows:
Bag leak detector system (BLDS) is a type of PM detector used on FF to identify an increase in PM emissions resulting from a broken filter bag or other malfunction and sound an alarm.
Belt conveyor means a conveying device that transports processed stone from one location to another by means of an endless belt that is carried on a series of idlers and routed around a pulley at each end.
Bucket elevator means a processed stone conveying device consisting of a head and foot assembly which supports and drives an endless single or double strand chain or belt to which buckets are attached.
Building means any frame structure with a roof.
Capture system means the equipment (including enclosures, hoods, ducts, fans, dampers, etc.) used to capture and transport PM to a control device.
Control device means the air pollution control equipment used to reduce PM emissions released to the atmosphere from one or more process operations at an LMP.
Conveying system means a device for transporting processed stone from one piece of equipment or location to another location within a plant. Conveying systems include but are not limited to feeders, belt conveyors, bucket elevators and pneumatic systems.
Deviation means any instance in which an affected source, subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source:
(1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this subpart, including but not limited to any emission limitation (including any operating limit);
(2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit; or
(3) Prior to the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), fails to meet any emission limitation (including any operating limit) in this subpart during startup, shutdown, or malfunction, regardless of whether or not such failure is allowed by this subpart.
Dry sorbent injection (DSI) means an add-on air pollution control system in which sorbent (e.g., conventional activated carbon, brominated activated carbon, Trona, hydrated lime, sodium carbonate, etc.) is injected into the flue gas steam upstream of a PM control device to react with and neutralize acid gases (such as SO
Emission limitation means any emission limit, opacity limit, operating limit, or VE limit.
Emission unit means a lime kiln, lime cooler, storage bin, conveying system transfer point, bulk loading or unloading operation, bucket elevator or belt conveyor at an LMP.
Fugitive emission means PM that is not collected by a capture system.
Hydrator means the device used to produce hydrated lime or calcium hydroxide via the chemical reaction of the lime product with water.
Lime cooler means the device external to the lime kiln (or part of the lime kiln itself) used to reduce the temperature of the lime produced by the kiln.
Lime kiln means the device, including any associated preheater, used to produce a lime product from stone feed by calcination. Kiln types include, but are not limited to, rotary kiln, vertical kiln, rotary hearth kiln, double-shaft vertical kiln, and fluidized bed kiln.
Lime manufacturing plant (LMP) means any plant which uses a lime kiln to produce lime product from limestone or other calcareous material by calcination.
Lime produced refers to the production of lime from the lime kiln consisting of high-calcium quick lime, dolomitic quick lime and/or dead burned dolomitic lime.
Limestone means the material comprised primarily of calcium carbonate (referred to sometimes as calcitic or high calcium limestone), magnesium carbonate, and/or the double carbonate of both calcium and magnesium (referred to sometimes as dolomitic limestone or dolomite).
Monovent means an exhaust configuration of a building or emission control device (e.g., positive pressure FF) that extends the length of the structure and has a width very small in relation to its length (i.e., length-to-width ratio is typically greater than 5:1). The exhaust may be an open vent with or without a roof, louvered vents, or a combination of such features.
On-specification Lime Product means lime product that has been sufficiently calcined to meet end use requirements.
Particulate matter (PM) detector means a system that is continuously capable of monitoring PM loading in the exhaust of FF or ESP in order to detect bag leaks, upset conditions, or control device malfunctions and sounds an alarm at a preset level. A PM detector system includes, but is not limited to, an instrument that operates on triboelectric, light scattering, light transmittance, or other effects to continuously monitor relative particulate loadings. A BLDS is a type of PM detector.
Positive pressure FF or ESP means a FF or ESP with the fan(s) on the upstream side of the control device.
Process stone handling operations means the equipment and transfer points between the equipment used to transport processed stone, and includes, storage bins, conveying system transfer points, bulk loading or unloading systems, screening operations, bucket elevators, and belt conveyors.
Processed stone means limestone or other calcareous material that has been processed to a size suitable for feeding into a lime kiln.
Screening operation means a device for separating material according to size by passing undersize material through one or more mesh surfaces (screens) in series and retaining oversize material on the mesh surfaces (screens).
Shutdown means the cessation of kiln operation. Shutdown begins when feed to the kiln is reduced below planned production quantities and ends when stone feed is halted and fuel combustion from the main burner ceases.
Stack emissions means the PM that is released to the atmosphere from a capture system or control device.
Startup means the beginning of kiln operation. Startup begins when a shutdown kiln begins firing fuel in the main burner. Startup ends when the lime kiln first generates on-specification lime product or 12 hours following first discharge from the kiln, whichever is earlier.
Storage bin means a manmade enclosure for storage (including surge bins) of processed stone prior to the lime kiln.
TEQ means the international method of expressing toxicity equivalents for dioxins and furans as defined in EPA/100/R-10/005, December 2010 (incorporated by reference—see § 63.14). The TEFs used to determine the dioxin and furan TEQs are listed in table 11 to this subpart.
Total Organic HAP means, for the purposes of this subpart, the sum of the concentrations of compounds of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, toluene, benzene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, styrene, ethyl benzene, and naphthalene as measured by EPA Test Method 320 or Method 18 of appendix A to this part or a combination of these methods, as appropriate. If measurement results for any pollutant are reported as below the method detection level (e.g., laboratory analytical results for one or more sample components are below the method defined analytical detection level), you must use the method detection level as the measured emissions level for that pollutant in calculating the total organic HAP value. The measured result for a multiple component analysis (e.g., analytical values for multiple Method 18 fractions) may include a combination of method detection level data and analytical data reported above the method detection level. The owner or operator of an affected source may request the use of other test methods to make this determination under § 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f).
Transfer point means a point in a conveying operation where the material is transferred to or from a belt conveyor.
Vent means an opening through which there is mechanically induced air flow for the purpose of exhausting from a building air carrying PM emissions from one or more emission units.
Table 1 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Emission Limits
As required in § 63.7090(a), you must meet each emission limit in the following table that applies to you, except for kilns and coolers during startup and shutdown (see table 2 to this subpart for emission limits for kilns and coolers during startup and shutdown).
| For . . . | You must meet the following emission limit |
|---|---|
| 1. All existing lime kilns and their associated lime coolers that did not have a wet scrubber installed and operating prior to January 5, 2004 | PM emissions must not exceed 0.12 pounds per ton of stone feed (lb/tsf). |
| 2. All existing lime kilns and their associated lime coolers that have a wet scrubber, where the scrubber itself was installed and operating prior to January 5, 2004 | PM emissions must not exceed 0.60 lb/tsf. If, at any time after January 5, 2004, the kiln changes to a dry control system, then the PM emission limit in item 1 of this table 1 applies, and the kiln is hereafter ineligible for the PM emission limit in item 2 of this table 1 regardless of the method of PM control. |
| 3. All new lime kilns and their associated lime coolers | PM emissions must not exceed 0.10 lb/tsf. |
| 4. All existing and new lime kilns and their associated coolers at your LMP, and you choose to average PM emissions, except that any kiln that is allowed to meet the 0.60 lb/tsf PM emission limit is ineligible for averaging | Weighted average PM emissions calculated according to equation 2 to § 63.7112(f)(1) must not exceed 0.12 lb/tsf (if you are averaging only existing kilns) or 0.10 lb/tsf (if you are averaging only new kilns). If you are averaging existing and new kilns, your weighted average PM emissions must not exceed the weighted average emission limit calculated according to equation 3 to § 63.7112(g), except that no new kiln and its associated cooler considered alone may exceed an average PM emissions limit of 0.10 lb/tsf. |
| 5. New straight rotary lime kilns and their associated coolers producing dolomitic quick lime and/or dead burned dolomitic lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 1.7 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 6. Existing straight rotary lime kilns and their associated coolers producing dolomitic quick lime and/or dead burned dolomitic lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 2.3 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 7. New straight rotary lime kilns and their associated coolers producing high-calcium quick lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.015 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 8. Existing straight rotary lime kilns and their associated coolers producing high-calcium quick lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.52 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 9. All preheater rotary lime kilns and their associated coolers producing dolomitic quick lime and/or dead burned dolomitic lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.39 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 10. All preheater rotary lime kilns and their associated coolers producing high-calcium quick lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.096 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 11. All vertical lime kilns and their associated coolers producing dolomitic quick lime and/or dead burned dolomitic lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.39 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 12. All vertical lime kilns and their associated coolers producing high-calcium quick lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.021 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 13. All new lime kilns and their associated coolers | Mercury emissions must not exceed 27 lb/MMton of lime produced. |
| 14. All existing lime kilns and their associated coolers | Mercury emissions must not exceed 34 lb/MMton of lime produced. |
| 15. All lime kilns and their associated coolers | Total Organic HAP emissions must not exceed 2.6 ppmvd @7% O |
| 16. All lime kilns and their associated coolers | D/F emissions must not exceed 0.037 ng/dscm (TEQ) 1 @7% O |
| 17. Stack emissions from all PSH operations at a new or existing affected source | PM emissions must not exceed 0.05 grams per dry standard cubic meter (g/dscm). |
| 18. Stack emissions from all PSH operations at a new or existing affected source, unless the stack emissions are discharged through a wet scrubber control device | Emissions must not exceed 7 percent opacity. |
| 19. Fugitive emissions from all PSH operations at a new or existing affected source, except as provided by item 8 of this table 1 | Emissions must not exceed 10 percent opacity. |
| 20. All PSH operations at a new or existing affected source enclosed in a building | All of the individually affected PSH operations must comply with the applicable PM and opacity emission limitations in items 5 through 7 of this table 1, or the building must comply with the following: There must be no VE from the building, except from a vent; and vent emissions must not exceed the stack emissions limitations in items 5 and 6 of this table 1. |
| 21. Each FF that controls emissions from only an individual, enclosed storage bin | Emissions must not exceed 7 percent opacity. |
| 22. Each set of multiple storage bins at a new or existing affected source, with combined stack emissions | You must comply with the emission limits in items 5 and 6 of this table 1. |
1 Determined using the toxic equivalency factors listed in Table 2 of Recommended Toxicity Equivalence Factors (TEFs) for Human Health Risk Assessments of 2, 3, 7, 8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and Dioxin-Like Compounds (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14). When calculating TEQ, zero may be used for congeners that are below the estimated detection level (EDL).
Table 2 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Startup and Shutdown Emission Limits for Kilns and Coolers
As required in § 63.7090(b), on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), you must meet each emission limit in the following table that applies to you.
Table 2 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Startup and Shutdown Emission Limits for Kilns and Coolers
| For . . . | You must meet the following emission limit | You have demonstrated compliance, if after following the requirements in § 63.7112 . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. All new and existing lime kilns and their associated coolers equipped with an FF or an ESP during each startup | Emissions must not exceed 15 percent opacity (based on startup period block average) | i. Installed, maintained, calibrated and operated a COMS as required by the general provisions of subpart A of this part and according to PS-1 of appendix B to 40 CFR part 60, except as specified in § 63.7113(g)(2); ii. Collected the COMS data at a frequency of at least once every 15 seconds, determining block averages for each startup period and demonstrating for each startup block period the average opacity does not exceed 15 percent. |
| 2. All existing lime kilns and their associated coolers that have a wet scrubber during each startup | See item 2.b of table 3 to this subpart for emission limit | See item 1 of table 6 to this subpart for requirements for demonstrating compliance. |
| 3. All new and existing lime kilns and their associated coolers equipped with an FF or an ESP during shutdown | Emissions must not exceed 15 percent opacity (based on 6-minute average opacity for any 6-minute block period does not exceed 15 percent) | i. Installed, maintained, calibrated and operated a COMS as required by the general provisions of subpart A of this and according to PS-1 of appendix B to 40 CFR part 60, except as specified in § 63.7113(g)(2); ii. Collecting the COMS data at a frequency of at least once every 15 seconds, determining block averages for each 6-minute period and demonstrating for each 6-minute block period the average opacity does not exceed 15 percent. |
| 4. All existing lime kilns and their associated coolers that have a wet scrubber during shutdown | See item 2.b of table 3 to this subpart for emission limit | See item 1 of table 6 to this subpart for requirements for demonstrating compliance. |
| 5. All new and existing lime kilns that use dry sorbent injection or carbon injection during startup and shutdown | When a lime kiln is in startup or shutdown (as defined in § 63.7143), the operating limits for sorbent and/or carbon injection do not apply in table 3 to this subpart, and the lime kiln operator shall ensure that sorbent or carbon injection is in operation until the unit is no longer in startup or shutdown. During startup and shutdown, the control device shall be operated in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations or by a site-specific operating procedure for startup and shutdown events. | |
| 6. All new and existing lime kilns that use a thermal oxidizer during startup and shutdown | 6. When a lime kiln is in startup or shutdown (as defined in § 63.7143), the temperature limits for a thermal oxidizer in table 3 to this subpart do not apply and the lime kiln operator shall ensure that the thermal oxidizer is in operation until the unit is no longer in startup or shutdown. During startup and shutdown, the control device shall be operated in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations or by a site-specific operating procedure for startup and shutdown events. |
Table 3 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Operating Limits
As required in § 63.7090(b), you must meet each operating limit in the following table that applies to you, except for kilns and coolers during startup and shutdown (See table 2 to this subpart for operating limits during startup and shutdown).
| For . . . | You must . . . |
|---|---|
| 1. Each lime kiln and each lime cooler (if there is a separate exhaust to the atmosphere from the associated lime cooler) equipped with an FF | Maintain and operate the FF such that the BLDS or PM detector alarm condition does not exist for more than 5 percent of the total operating time in a 6-month period; and comply with the requirements in § 63.7113(d) through (f) and table 6 to this subpart. In lieu of a BLDS or PM detector maintain the FF such that the 6-minute average opacity for any 6-minute block period does not exceed 15 percent; and comply with the requirements in § 63.7113(f) and (g) and table 6 to this subpart. |
| 2. Each lime kiln equipped with a wet scrubber | a. Maintain the 3-hour block exhaust gas stream pressure drop across the wet scrubber greater than or equal to the greater of the pressure drop operating limit established during the most recent performance test for PM and HCl; and b. Maintain the 3-hour block scrubbing liquid flow rate greater than or equal to the greater of the flow rate operating limit established during the most recent performance test for PM and HCl. |
| 3. Each lime kiln equipped with an electrostatic precipitator | Install a PM detector and maintain and operate the ESP such that the PM detector alarm is not activated and alarm condition does not exist for more than 5 percent of the total operating time in a 6-month period, and comply with § 63.7113(e); or, maintain the ESP such that the 6-minute average opacity for any 6-minute block period does not exceed 15 percent, and comply with the requirements in § 63.7113(g); and comply with the requirements in § 63.7113(f) and table 6 to this subpart. |
| 4. Each PSH operation subject to a PM limit which uses a wet scrubber | Maintain the 3-hour block average exhaust gas stream pressure drop across the wet scrubber greater than or equal to the greater of the pressure drop operating limit established during the performance test for PM and HCl; and maintain the 3-hour block average scrubbing liquid flow rate greater than or equal to the greater of the flow rate operating limit established during the performance test for PM and HCl. |
| 5. All affected sources | Prepare a written OM&M plan; the plan must include the items listed in § 63.7100(d) and the corrective actions to be taken when required in table 6 to this subpart. |
| 6. Each emission unit equipped with an add-on air pollution control device | a. Vent captured emissions through a closed system, except that dilution air may be added to emission streams for the purpose of controlling temperature at the inlet to an FF; and b. Operate each capture/collection system according to the procedures and requirements in the OM&M plan. |
| 7. Each lime kiln equipped with dry sorbent injection | Maintain the 3-hour block dry sorbent flow rate greater than or equal to the flow rate operating limit established during the most recent performance test for HCl. |
| 8. Each lime kiln equipped with a thermal oxidizer | Maintain the 3-hour block average combustion chamber temperature greater or equal to the greater of the combustion chamber operating limit established in the most recent performance test for total organic HAP and D/F. |
| 9. Each lime kiln equipped with activated carbon injection | Maintain the 3-hour block activated carbon injection flow rate greater than or equal to the greater of the flow rate operating limit established during the most recent performance test for total organic HAP, D/F, and mercury. |
Table 4 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Initial Compliance With Emission Limits
As required in § 63.7114, you must demonstrate initial compliance with each emission limitation that applies to you, according to the following table.
| For . . . | For the following emission limit . . . | You have demonstrated initial compliance, if after following the requirements in § 63.7112 . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. All new or existing lime kilns and their associated lime coolers (kilns/coolers) | Emission limits as identified in table 1 to this subpart, or a weighted average calculated according to equation 3 to § 63.7112 | The kiln outlet PM, HCl, mercury, and Total Organic HAP, and dioxins and furans emissions (and if applicable, summed with the separate cooler PM emissions), based on the PM emissions measured using Method 5 or 5D in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60, HCl measured using Method 320 or 321 in appendix A to this part, mercury measured using Method 29 or 30B 5D in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60, and the stone feed rate measurement over the period of initial performance test and Total Organic HAP measured using Method 18 5D in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60 and/or Method 320 in appendix A to this part and dioxins and furans measured using Method 23 in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60, do not exceed the emission limit; if the lime kiln is controlled by an FF or ESP and you are opting to monitor PM emissions with a BLDS or PM detector, you have installed and are operating the monitoring device according to the requirements in § 63.7113(d) or (e), respectively; and if the lime kiln is controlled by an FF or ESP and you are opting to monitor PM emissions using a COMS, you have installed and are operating the COMS according to the requirements in § 63.7113(g). If the kiln is equipped with a dry sorbent injection system, you have a record of the dry sorbent and/or carbon injection flow rate operating parameter over the 3-hour performance test during which emissions did not exceed the emissions limitation. If the kiln is equipped with a thermal oxidizer, you have a record of the combustion chamber operating temperature operating parameter over the 3-hour performance test during which emissions did not exceed the emissions limitation. |
| 2. Stack emissions from all PHS operations at a new or existing affected source | PM emissions must not exceed 0.05 g/dscm | The outlet PM emissions, based on Method 5 or Method 17 in appendices A-3 and A-6, respectively, to 40 CFR part 60, over the period of the initial performance test do not exceed 0.05 g/dscm; and if the emission unit is controlled with a wet scrubber, you have a record of the scrubber’s pressure drop and liquid flow rate operating parameters over the 3-hour performance test during which emissions did not exceed the emissions limitation. |
| 3. Stack emissions from all PSH operations at a new or existing affected source, unless the stack emissions are discharged through a wet scrubber control device | Emissions must not exceed 7 percent opacity | Each of the thirty 6-minute opacity averages during the initial compliance period, using Method 9 in appendix A-4 to 40 CFR part 60, does not exceed the 7 percent opacity limit. At least thirty 6-minute averages must be obtained. |
| 4. Fugitive emissions from all PSH operations at a new or existing affected source | Emissions must not exceed 10 percent opacity | Each of the 6-minute opacity averages during the initial compliance period, using Method 9 in appendix A-4 to 40 CFR part 60, does not exceed the 10 percent opacity limit. |
| 5. All PSH operations at a new or existing affected source, enclosed in building | All of the individually affected PSH operations must comply with the applicable PM and opacity emission limitations for items 2 through 4 of this table 4, or the building must comply with the following: There must be no VE from the building, except from a vent, and vent emissions must not exceed the emission limitations in items 2 and 3 of this table 4 | All the PSH operations enclosed in the building have demonstrated initial compliance according to the applicable requirements for items 2 through 4 of this table 4; or if you are complying with the building emission limitations, there are no VE from the building according to item 18 of table 5 to this subpart and § 63.7112(k), and you demonstrate initial compliance with applicable building vent emissions limitations according to the requirements in items 2 and 3 of this table 4. |
| 6. Each FF that controls emissions from only an individual storage bin | Emissions must not exceed 7 percent opacity | Each of the ten 6-minute averages during the 1-hour initial compliance period, using Method 9 in appendix A-4 to 40 CFR part 60, does not exceed the 7 percent opacity limit. |
| 7. Each set of multiple storage bins with combined stack emissions | You must comply with emission limitations in items 2 and 3 of this table 4 | You demonstrate initial compliance according to the requirements in items 2 and 3 of this table 4. |
| 8. All new or existing lime kilns and their associated lime coolers (kilns/coolers) | You must meet the emission limitations for HCl, mercury, total organic HAP, and dioxins and furans in items 5 through 16 of table 1 to this subpart | The kiln outlet HCl, mercury, total organic HAP, and D/F emissions (and if applicable, summed with the separate cooler emissions), based on the emissions measured according to table 5 to this subpart over the period of the initial performance test do not exceed the applicable limits in items 5 through 16 of table 1 to this subpart. If the emission unit is controlled with a wet scrubber, during the HCl performance test you have a record of the scrubber’s pressure drop and liquid flow rate operating parameters over the performance test during which emissions did not exceed the HCl emissions limitation. If the emission unit is controlled with a dry sorbent injection, during the HCl performance test you have a record of the dry sorbent flow rate operating parameter over the HCl performance test during which emissions did not exceed the HCl emissions limitation. If the emission unit is controlled with a thermal oxidizer, during the total organic HAP and D/F performance test(s) you have a record of the temperature operating parameter over the total organic HAP and D/F performance test during which emissions did not exceed the total organic HAP and D/F emissions limitation(s). If the emission unit is controlled with an activated carbon injection, during the total organic HAP, D/F, and mercury performance test(s) you have a record of the temperature operating parameter over the total organic HAP, D/F, and mercury performance test(s) during which emissions did not exceed the total organic HAP, D/F, and mercury emissions limitation(s). |
Table 5 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Requirements for Performance Tests
As required in § 63.7112, you must conduct each performance test in the following table that applies to you.
| For . . . | You must . . . | Using . . . | According to the following requirements . . . |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Each lime kiln and each associated lime cooler, if there is a separate exhaust to the atmosphere from the associated lime cooler | Select the location of the sampling ports and the number of traverse points | Method 1 or 1A of appendix A-1 to 40 CFR part 60; and § 63.6(d)(1)(i) | Sampling sites must be located at the outlet of the control device(s) and prior to any releases to the atmosphere. |
| 2. Each lime kiln and each associated lime cooler, if there is a separate exhaust to the atmosphere from the associated lime cooler | Determine velocity and volumetric flow rate | Method 2, 2A, 2C, 2D, 2F, or 2G in appendices A-1 and A-2 to 40 CFR part 60 | Not applicable. |
| 3. Each lime kiln and each associated lime cooler, if there is a separate exhaust to the atmosphere from the associated lime cooler | Conduct gas molecular weight analysis | Method 3, 3A, or 3B in appendix A-2 to 40 CFR part 60 | You may use manual procedures (but not instrumental procedures) of ASME PTC 19.10-1981—Part 10 (see § 63.14 for availability) as an alternative to using Method 3B. |
| 4. Each lime kiln and each associated lime cooler, if there is a separate exhaust to the atmosphere from the associated lime cooler | Measure moisture content of the stack gas | Method 4 in appendix A-3 to 40 CFR part 60 | Not applicable. |
| 5. Each lime kiln and each associated lime cooler, if there is a separate exhaust to the atmosphere from the associated lime cooler, and which uses a negative pressure PM control device | Measure PM emissions | Method 5 in appendix A-3 to 40 CFR part 60 | Conduct the test(s) when the source is operating at representative operating conditions in accordance with § 63.7(e) before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in §§ 63.7083(e) and 63.7112(b) on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e); the minimum sampling volume must be 0.85 dry standard cubic meter (dscm) (30 dry standard cubic foot (dscf)); if there is a separate lime cooler exhaust to the atmosphere, you must conduct the Method 5 test of the cooler exhaust concurrently with the kiln exhaust test. |
| 6. Each lime kiln and each associated lime cooler, if there is a separate exhaust to the atmosphere from the associated lime cooler, and which uses a positive pressure FF or ESP | Measure PM emissions | Method 5D in appendix A-3 to 40 CFR part 60 | Conduct the test(s) when the source is operating at representative operating conditions in accordance with § 63.7(e) before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in §§ 63.7083(e) and 63.7112(b) on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e); If there is a separate lime cooler exhaust to the atmosphere, you must conduct the Method 5 or 5D test of the separate cooler exhaust concurrently with the kiln exhaust test. Refer to item 5 of this table for sampling time and volume requirements. |
| 7. Each lime kiln | Determine the mass rate of stone feed to the kiln during the kiln performance test | Any suitable device | Calibrate and maintain the device according to manufacturer’s instructions; the measuring device used must be accurate to within ±5 percent of the mass rate of stone feed over its operating range. |
| 8. Each lime kiln equipped with a wet scrubber | Establish the operating limit for the average gas stream pressure drop across the wet scrubber during the PM and HCl performance test(s) | Data for the gas stream pressure drop measurement device during the kiln performance test | The continuous pressure drop measurement device must be accurate within plus or minus 1 percent; you must collect the pressure drop data during the period of the performance test and determine the operating limit according to § 63.7112(j). |
| 9. Each lime kiln equipped with a wet scrubber | Establish the operating limit for the average liquid flow rate to the scrubber during the PM and HCl performance test(s) | Data from the liquid flow rate measurement device during the kiln performance test | The continuous scrubbing liquid flow rate measuring device must be accurate within plus or minus 1 percent; you must collect the flow rate data during the period of the performance test and determine the operating limit according to § 63.7112(j). |
| 10. Each lime kiln equipped with a FF or ESP that is monitored with a PM detector | Have installed and have operating the BLDS or PM detector prior to the PM performance test | Standard operating procedures incorporated into the OM&M plan | According to the requirements in § 63.7113(d) or (e), respectively. |
| 11. Each lime kiln equipped with a FF or ESP that is monitored with a COMS | Have installed and have operating the COMS prior to the performance test | Standard operating procedures incorporated into the OM&M plan and as required by the general provisions of subpart A of this part and according to PS-1 of appendix B to 40 CFR part 60, except as specified in § 63.7113(g)(2) | According to the requirements in § 63.7113(g). |
| 12. Each stack emission from a PSH operation, vent from a building enclosing a PSH operation, or set of multiple storage bins with combined stack emissions, which is subject to a PM emission limit | Measure PM emissions | Method 5 or Method 17 in appendices A-3 and A-6 to 40 CFR part 60 | The sample volume must be at least 1.70 dscm (60 dscf); for Method 5, if the gas stream being sampled is at ambient temperature, the sampling probe and filter may be operated without heaters; and if the gas stream is above ambient temperature, the sampling probe and filter may be operated at a temperature high enough, but no higher than 121 °C (250 °F), to prevent water condensation on the filter (Method 17 may be used only with exhaust gas temperatures of not more than 250 °F). |
| 13. Each stack emission from a PSH operation, vent from a building enclosing a PSH operation, or set of multiple storage bins with combined stack emissions, which is subject to an opacity limit | Conduct opacity observations | Method 9 in appendix A-4 to 40 CFR part 60 | The test duration must be for at least 3 hours and you must obtain at least thirty, 6-minute averages. |
| 14. Each stack emissions source from a PSH operation subject to a PM or opacity limit, which uses a wet scrubber | Establish the average gas stream pressure drop across the wet scrubber during the PM and HCl performance test(s) | Data for the gas stream pressure drop measurement device during the PSH operation stack performance test | The pressure drop measurement device must be accurate within plus or minus 1 percent; you must collect the pressure drop data during the period of the performance test and determine the operating limit according to § 63.7112(j). |
| 15. Each stack emissions source from a PSH operation subject to a PM or opacity limit, which uses a wet scrubber | Establish the operating limit for the average liquid flow rate to the scrubber during the PM and HCl performance test(s) | Data from the liquid flow rate measurement device during the PSH operation stack performance test | The continuous scrubbing liquid flow rate measuring device must be accurate within plus or minus 1 percent; you must collect the flow rate data during the period of the performance test and determine the operating limit according to § 63.7112(j). |
| 16. Each FF that controls emissions from only an individual, enclosed, new or existing storage bin | Conduct opacity observations | Method 9 in appendix A-4 to 40 CFR part 60 | The test duration must be for at least 1 hour and you must obtain ten 6-minute averages. |
| 17. Fugitive emissions from any PSH operation subject to an opacity limit | Conduct opacity observations | Method 9 in appendix A-4 to 40 CFR part 60 | The test duration must be for at least 3 hours, but the 3-hour test may be reduced to 1 hour if, during the first 1-hour period, there are no individual readings greater than 10 percent opacity and there are no more than three readings of 10 percent during the first 1-hour period. |
| 18. Each building enclosing any PSH operation, that is subject to a VE limit | Conduct VE check | The specifications in § 63.7112(k) | The performance test must be conducted while all affected PSH operations within the building are operating; the performance test for each affected building must be at least 75 minutes, with each side of the building and roof being observed for at least 15 minutes. |
| 19. Each lime kiln | Measure hydrogen chloride | Method 320 or 321 of appendix A to this part or ASTM 6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) 1 2 | The test duration must be at least one hour. HCl must be used for the analyte spiking. For a positive pressure FF or ESP, determine the number of sampling points per the stratification check procedures of section 8.1.2 of Method 7E in appendix A-4 to 40 CFR part 60 using the sample points determined using the procedures of Section 8 of EPA Method 5D. |
| 20. Each lime kiln | Measure mercury | Method 29 or 30B of appendix A-8 to 40 CFR part 60 or ASTM D6784-16 2 | For Method 29 and ASTM D6784-16 2 the test duration must be at least two hours and the sample volume must be at least 1.70 dscm (60 dscf). For Method 30B, the test duration must be at least one hour and the sample volume at least 100 liters. For a positive pressure FF or ESP, use the procedures of Section 8 of EPA Method 5D for sampling points. |
| 21. Each lime kiln | Measure total organic HAP 3 | Method 18 and/or 320 in appendix A to 40 CFR part 60 and/or ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) 1 | The test duration must be at least 1 hour. For EPA Method 320 and ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020), for a positive pressure FF or ESP, determine the number of sampling points per the stratification check procedures of section 8.1.2 of Method 7E using the sample points determined using the procedures of Section 8 of EPA Method 5D. |
| 22. Each lime kiln | Measure dioxins/furans | Method 23 in appendix A-7 to 40 CFR part 60 | The test duration must be at least 3 hours and the must be at least 3 dscm (106 dscf). For a positive pressure FF or ESP, use the procedures of Section 8 of EPA Method 5D for sampling points. |
| 23. Each lime kiln equipped with dry sorbent injection | Establish the operating limit for the dry sorbent flow rate during the HCl performance test | Data for the dry sorbent flow rate device during the HCl performance test | The flow monitor must meet the criteria in § 63.7113(h); you must collect the dry sorbent flow rate data during the period of the HCl performance test and determine the operating limit according to § 63.7112(j). |
| 24. Each lime kiln equipped with a thermal oxidizer | Establish the operating limit for the combustion chamber temperature during the total organic HAP and D/F performance test(s) | Data for the temperature device during the total organic HAP and D/F performance test(s) | The temperature device must meet the criteria in § 63.7113(i); you must collect the temperature data during the period of the total organic HAP and D/F performance test(s) and determine the operating limit according to § 63.7112(j). |
| 25. Each lime kiln equipped with activated carbon injection | Establish the operating limit for the combustion chamber temperature during the total organic HAP, D/F, and mercury performance test(s) | Data for the activated carbon flow rate device during the total organic HAP, D/F, and mercury performance test(s) | The flow monitor must meet the criteria in § 63.7113(h); you must collect the activated carbon flow rate data during the period of the total organic HAP, D/F, and mercury performance test(s)and determine the operating limit according to § 63.7112(j). |
1 When using ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) the test plan preparation and implementation in the Annexes to ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020), annexes A1 through A8 are mandatory. In ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent (%) R must be determined for each target analyte (Equation A5.5). In order for the test data to be acceptable for a compound, %R must be 70% ≥ R ≤ 130%. If the %R value does not meet this criterion for a target compound, the test data is not acceptable for that compound and the test must be repeated for that analyte (
2 Incorporated by reference, see § 63.14.
3 Total Organic HAP is the sum of the concentrations of compounds of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, toluene, benzene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, styrene, ethyl benzene, and naphthalene.
Table 6 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Continuous Compliance With Operating Limits
As required in § 63.7121, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with each operating limit listed in Table 3 to subpart AAAAA that applies to you, according to the following table.
| For . . . | For the following operating limit . . . | You must demonstrate continuous compliance by . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Each lime kiln controlled by a wet scrubber | Maintain the 3-hour block average exhaust gas stream pressure drop across the wet scrubber greater than or equal to the pressure drop operating limit established during the performance test; and maintain the 3-hour block average scrubbing liquid flow rate greater than or equal to the flow rate operating limit established during the performance test | Collecting the wet scrubber operating data according to all applicable requirements in § 63.7113 and reducing the data according to § 63.7113(a); maintaining the 3-hour block average exhaust gas stream pressure drop across the wet scrubber greater than or equal to the pressure drop operating limit established during the performance test; and maintaining the 3-hour block average scrubbing liquid flow rate greater than or equal to the flow rate operating limit established during the performance test (the continuous scrubbing liquid flow rate measuring device must be accurate within ±1% and the continuous pressure drop measurement device must be accurate within ±1%). |
| 2. Each lime kiln or lime cooler equipped with a FF and using a BLDS, and each lime kiln equipped with an ESP or FF using a PM detector | a. Maintain and operate the FF or ESP such that the bag leak or PM detector alarm, is not activated and alarm condition does not exist for more than 5 percent of the total operating time in each 6-month period | i. Operating the FF or ESP so that the alarm on the bag leak or PM detection system is not activated and an alarm condition does not exist for more than 5 percent of the total operating time in each 6-month reporting period; and continuously recording the output from the BLD or PM detection system; and
ii. Each time the alarm sounds and the owner or operator initiates corrective actions within 1 hour of the alarm, 1 hour of alarm time will be counted (if the owner or operator takes longer than 1 hour to initiate corrective actions, alarm time will be counted as the actual amount of time taken by the owner or operator to initiate corrective actions); if inspection of the FF or ESP system demonstrates that no corrective actions are necessary, no alarm time will be counted. |
| 3. Each stack emissions source from a PSH operation subject to an opacity limit, which is controlled by a wet scrubber | Maintain the 3-hour block average exhaust gas stream pressure drop across the wet scrubber greater than or equal to the pressure drop operating limit established during the performance test; and maintain the 3-hour block average scrubbing liquid flow rate greater than or equal to the flow rate operating limit established during the performance test | Collecting the wet scrubber operating data according to all applicable requirements in § 63.7113 and reducing the data according to § 63.7113(a); maintaining the 3-hour block average exhaust gas stream pressure drop across the wet scrubber greater than or equal to the pressure drop operating limit established during the performance test; and maintaining the 3-hour block average scrubbing liquid flow rate greater than or equal to the flow rate operating limit established during the performance test (the continuous scrubbing liquid flow rate measuring device must be accurate within ±1% and the continuous pressure drop measurement device must be accurate within ±1%). |
| 4. For each lime kiln or lime cooler equipped with a FF or an ESP that uses a COMS as the monitoring device | a. Maintain and operate the FF or ESP such that the average opacity for any 6-minute block period does not exceed 15 percent | i. Installing, maintaining, calibrating and operating a COMS as required by the general provisions of subpart A of this part and according to PS-1 of appendix B to 40 CFR part 60, except as specified in § 63.7113(g)(2); and
ii. Collecting the COMS data at a frequency of at least once every 15 seconds, determining block averages for each 6-minute period and demonstrating for each 6-minute block period the average opacity does not exceed 15 percent. |
| 7. Each lime kiln equipped with dry sorbent and/or activated carbon injection | Maintain the 3-hour block dry sorbent and/or activated carbon flow rate greater than or equal to the stack flow rate operating limit established during the most recent performance test. | Collecting the dry sorbent and/or activated carbon injection operating data according to all applicable requirements in § 63.7113 and reducing the data according to § 63.7113(a); maintaining the 3-hour block average injection flow rate greater than or equal to the injection flow rate operating limit established during the performance test. |
| 8. Each lime kiln equipped with a thermal oxidizer | Maintain the 3-hour block average combustion chamber temperature greater or equal to the combustion chamber operating limit established in the most recent performance test | Collecting the thermal oxidizer operating data according to all applicable requirements in § 63.7113 and reducing the data according to § 63.7113(a); maintaining the 3-hour block average combustion chamber temperature greater than or equal to the combustion chamber operating limit established during the performance test. |
Table 7 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Periodic Monitoring for Compliance With Opacity and Visible Emissions Limits
As required in § 63.7121 you must periodically demonstrate compliance with each opacity and VE limit that applies to you, according to the following table:
| For . . . | For the following emission limitation . . . | You must demonstrate ongoing compliance . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Each PSH operation subject to an opacity limitation as required in Table 1 to this subpart, or any vents from buildings subject to an opacity limitation | a. 7-10 percent opacity, depending on the PSH operation, as required in Table 1 to this subpart | (i) Conducting a monthly 1-minute VE check of each emission unit in accordance with § 63.7121(e); the check must be conducted while the affected source is in operation;
(ii) If no VE are observed in 6 consecutive monthly checks for any emission unit, you may decrease the frequency of VE checking from monthly to semi-annually for that emission unit; if VE are observed during any semiannual check, you must resume VE checking of that emission unit on a monthly basis and maintain that schedule until no VE are observed in 6 consecutive monthly checks; |
| (iii) If no VE are observed during the semiannual check for any emission unit, you may decrease the frequency of VE checking from semi-annually to annually for that emission unit; if VE are observed during any annual check, you must resume VE checking of that emission unit on a monthly basis and maintain that schedule until no VE are observed in 6 consecutive monthly checks; and | ||
| (iv) If VE are observed during any VE check, you must conduct a 6-minute test of opacity in accordance with Method 9 of appendix A to part 60 of this chapter; you must begin the Method 9 test within 1 hour of any observation of VE and the 6-minute opacity reading must not exceed the applicable opacity limit. | ||
| 2. Any building subject to a VE limit, according to item 8 of Table 1 to this subpart | a. No VE | (i) Conducting a monthly VE check of the building, in accordance with the specifications in § 63.7112(k); the check must be conducted while all the enclosed PSH operations are operating; |
| (ii) The check for each affected building must be at least 5 minutes, with each side of the building and roof being observed for at least 1 minute; | ||
| (iii) If no VE are observed in 6 consecutive monthly checks of the building, you may decrease the frequency of checking from monthly to semi-annually for that affected source; if VE are observed during any semi-annual check, you must resume checking on a monthly basis and maintain that schedule until no VE are observed in 6 consecutive monthly checks; and | ||
| (iv) If no VE are observed during the semi-annual check, you may decrease the frequency of checking from semi-annually to annually for that affected source; and if VE are observed during any annual check, you must resume checking of that emission unit on a monthly basis and maintain that schedule until no VE are observed in 6 consecutive monthly checks (the source is in compliance if no VE are observed during any of these checks). |
Table 8 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Requirements for Reports
As required in § 63.7131, you must submit each report in the following table that applies to you.
| You must submit a . . . | The report must contain . . . | You must submit the report . . . |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Compliance report | a. If there are no deviations from any emission limitations (emission limit, operating limit, opacity limit, and VE limit) that applies to you, a statement that there were no deviations from the emission limitations during the reporting period; | Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.7131(b). |
| b. If there were no periods during which the CMS, including any operating parameter monitoring system, was out-of-control as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), a statement that there were no periods during which the CMS was out-of-control during the reporting period; | Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.7131(b). | |
| c. If you have a deviation from any emission limitation (emission limit, operating limit, opacity limit, and VE limit) during the reporting period, the report must contain the information in § 63.7131(d); | Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.7131(b). | |
| d. If there were periods during which the CMS, including any operating parameter monitoring system, was out-of-control, as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), the report must contain the information in § 63.7131(e); and | Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.7131(b). | |
| e. Before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), if you had a startup, shutdown or malfunction during the reporting period and you took actions consistent with your SSMP, the compliance report must include the information in § 63.10(d)(5)(i). On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), if you had a startup, shutdown or malfunction during the reporting period and you failed to meet an applicable standard, the compliance report must include the information in § 63.7131(c)(3). | Semiannually according to the requirements in § 63.7131(b). | |
| 2. Before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), an immediate startup, shutdown, and malfunction report if you had a startup, shutdown, or malfunction during the reporting period that is not consistent with your SSMP | Actions taken for the event | By fax or telephone within 2 working days after starting actions inconsistent with the SSMP. |
| 3. Before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), an immediate startup, shutdown, and malfunction report if you had a startup, shutdown, or malfunction during the reporting period that is not consistent with your SSMP | The information in § 63.10(d)(5)(ii) | By letter within 7 working days after the end of the event unless you have made alternative arrangements with the permitting authority. See § 63.10(d)(5)(ii). |
| 4. Performance Test Report | The information required in § 63.7(g) and § 63.7112(h) | According to the requirements of § 63.7131. |
Table 9 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Emissions Averaging Emission Limits
As required in § 63.7090(d), if you are using emissions averaging for either HCl emission limits or mercury emission limits you must meet each emission limit in the following table that applies to you.
| For . . . | You must meet the following emission limit |
|---|---|
| 1. Existing straight rotary lime kilns and their associated coolers producing dolomitic quick lime and/or dead burned dolomitic lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 2.1 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 2. Existing straight rotary lime kilns and their associated coolers producing high-calcium quick lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.047 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 3. Existing preheater rotary lime kilns and their associated coolers producing dolomitic quick lime and/or dead burned dolomitic lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.36 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 4. Existing preheater rotary lime kilns and their associated coolers producing high-calcium quick lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.087 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 5. All vertical lime kilns and their associated coolers producing dolomitic quick lime and/or dead burned dolomitic lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.36 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 6. All vertical lime kilns and their associated coolers producing high-calcium quick lime | HCl emissions must not exceed 0.019 lb/ton of lime produced. |
| 7. Existing lime kilns and their associated coolers | Mercury emissions must not exceed 31 lb/MMton of lime produced. |
Table 10 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Applicability of General Provisions to Subpart AAAAA
[As required in § 63.7140, you must comply with the applicable General Provisions requirements according to the following table.]
| Citation | Summary of requirement | Am I subject to this requirement? | Explanations |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 63.1(a)(1) through (4) | Applicability | Yes | |
| § 63.1(a)(5) | No | ||
| § 63.1(a)(6) | Applicability | Yes | |
| § 63.1(a)(7) through (9) | No | ||
| § 63.1(a)(10) through (14) | Applicability | Yes | |
| § 63.1(b)(1) | Initial Applicability Determination | Yes | §§ 63.7081 and 63.7142 specify additional applicability determination requirements. |
| § 63.1(b)(2) | No | ||
| § 63.1(b)(3) | Initial Applicability Determination | Yes | |
| § 63.1(c)(1) | Applicability After Standard Established | Yes | |
| § 63.1(c)(2) | Permit Requirements | No | Area sources not subject to this subpart, except all sources must make initial applicability determination. |
| § 63.1(c)(3) and (4) | No | ||
| § 63.1(c)(5) | Area Source Becomes Major | Yes | |
| § 63.1(c)(6) | Reclassification | Yes | |
| § 63.1(d) | No | ||
| § 63.1(e) | Applicability of Permit Program | Yes | |
| § 63.2 | Definitions | Yes | Additional definitions in § 63.7143. |
| § 63.3(a) through (c) | Units and Abbreviations | Yes | |
| § 63.4(a)(1) and (2) | Prohibited Activities | Yes | |
| § 63.4(a)(3) through (5) | No | ||
| § 63.4(b) and (c) | Circumvention, Severability | Yes | |
| § 63.5(a)(1) and (2) | Construction/Reconstruction | Yes | |
| § 63.5(b)(1) | Compliance Dates | Yes | |
| § 63.5(b)(2) | No | ||
| § 63.5(b)(3) and (4) | Construction Approval, Applicability | Yes | |
| § 63.5(b)(5) | No | ||
| § 63.5(b)(6) | Applicability | Yes | |
| § 63.5(c) | No | ||
| § 63.5(d)(1) through (4) | Approval of Construction/Reconstruction | Yes | |
| § 63.5(e) | Approval of Construction/Reconstruction | Yes | |
| § 63.5(f)(1) and (2) | Approval of Construction/Reconstruction | Yes | |
| § 63.6(a) | Compliance for Standards and Maintenance | Yes | |
| § 63.6(b)(1) through (5) | Compliance Dates | Yes | |
| § 63.6(b)(6) | No | ||
| § 63.6(b)(7) | Compliance Dates | Yes | |
| § 63.6(c)(1) and (2) | Compliance Dates | Yes | |
| § 63.6(c)(3) and (4) | No | ||
| § 63.6(c)(5) | Compliance Dates | Yes | |
| § 63.6(d) | No | ||
| § 63.6(e)(1)(i) | General Duty to Minimize Emissions | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), see § 63.7100 for general duty requirement. |
| § 63.6(e)(1)(ii) | Requirement to Correct Malfunctions ASAP | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | |
| § 63.6(e)(1)(iii) | Operation and Maintenance Requirements | Yes | |
| § 63.6(e)(2) | No | [Reserved]. | |
| § 63.6(e)(3) | Startup, Shutdown Malfunction Plan | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), the OM&M plan must address periods of startup and shutdown. See § 63.7100(d). |
| § 63.6(f)(1) | SSM exemption | No | See § 63.7100. For periods of startup and shutdown, see § 63.7090(c). |
| § 63.6(f)(2) and (3) | Methods for Determining Compliance | Yes | |
| § 63.6(g)(1) through (3) | Alternative Standard | Yes | |
| § 63.6(h)(1) | SSM exemption | No | See § 63.7100. For periods of startup and shutdown, see § 63.7090(c). |
| § 63.6(h)(2) | Methods for Determining Compliance | Yes | |
| § 63.6(h)(3) | No | ||
| § 63.6(h)(4) through (h)(5)(i) | Opacity/VE Standards | Yes | This requirement only applies to opacity and VE performance checks required in table 5 to this subpart. |
| § 63.6(h)(5)(ii) and (iii) | Opacity/VE Standards | No | Test durations are specified in this subpart; this subpart takes precedence. |
| § 63.6(h)(5)(iv) | Opacity/VE Standards | No | |
| § 63.6(h)(5)(v) | Opacity/VE Standards | Yes | |
| § 63.6(h)(6) | Opacity/VE Standards | Yes | |
| § 63.6(h)(7) | COM Use | Yes | |
| § 63.6(h)(8) | Compliance with Opacity and VE | Yes | |
| § 63.6(h)(9) | Adjustment of Opacity Limit | Yes | |
| § 63.6(i)(1) through (14) | Extension of Compliance | Yes | |
| § 63.6(i)(15) | No | ||
| § 63.6(i)(16) | Extension of Compliance | Yes | |
| § 63.6(j) | Exemption from Compliance | Yes | |
| § 63.7(a)(1) through (3) | Performance Testing Requirements | Yes | § 63.7110 specifies deadlines; § 63.7112 has additional specific requirements. |
| § 63.7(b) | Notification | Yes | |
| § 63.7(c) | Quality Assurance/Test Plan | Yes | |
| § 63.7(d) | Testing Facilities | Yes | |
| § 63.7(e)(1) | Conduct of Tests | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), see § 63.7112(b). |
| § 63.7(e)(2) through (4) | Conduct of Tests | Yes | |
| § 63.7(f) | Alternative Test Method | Yes | |
| § 63.7(g) | Data Analysis | Yes | |
| § 63.7(h) | Waiver of Tests | Yes | |
| § 63.8(a)(1) | Monitoring Requirements | Yes | See § 63.7113. |
| § 63.8(a)(2) | Monitoring | Yes | |
| § 63.8(a)(3) | No | ||
| § 63.8(a)(4) | Monitoring | No | Flares not applicable. |
| § 63.8(b)(1) through (3) | Conduct of Monitoring | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(i) | CMS Operation/Maintenance | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), see § 63.7100 for OM&M requirements. |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(ii) | CMS Spare Parts | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(iii) | Requirement to Develop SSM Plan for CMS | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), no longer required. |
| § 63.8(c)(2) and (3) | CMS Operation/Maintenance | Yes | |
| § 63.8(c)(4) | CMS Requirements | No | See § 63.7121. |
| § 63.8(c)(4)(i) and (ii) | Cycle Time for COM and CEMS | Yes | No CEMS are required under this subpart; see § 63.7113 for CPMS requirements. |
| § 63.8(c)(5) | Minimum COM procedures | Yes | COM not required. |
| § 63.8(c)(6) | CMS Requirements | No | See § 63.7113. |
| § 63.8(c)(7) and (8) | CMS Requirements | Yes | |
| § 63.8(d)(1) and (2) | Quality Control | Yes | See also § 63.7113. |
| § 63.8(d)(3) | Quality Control | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | |
| § 63.8(e) | Performance Evaluation for CMS | Yes | See also § 63.7113. |
| § 63.8(f)(1) through (5) | Alternative Monitoring Method | Yes | |
| § 63.8(f)(6) | Alternative to Relative Accuracy Test for CEMS | No | No CEMS required in this subpart. |
| § 63.8(g)(1) through (5) | Data Reduction; Data That Cannot Be Used | No | See data reduction requirements in §§ 63.7120 and 63.7121. |
| § 63.9(a) | Notification Requirements | Yes | See § 63.7130. |
| § 63.9(b) | Initial Notifications | Yes | |
| § 63.9(c) | Request for Compliance Extension | Yes | |
| § 63.9(d) | New Source Notification for Special Compliance Requirements | Yes | |
| § 63.9(e) | Notification of Performance Test | Yes | |
| § 63.9(f) | Notification of VE/Opacity Test | Yes | This requirement only applies to opacity and VE performance tests required in table 5 to this subpart. Notification not required for VE/opacity test under table 7 to this subpart. |
| § 63.9(g) | Additional CMS Notifications | No | Not required for operating parameter monitoring. |
| § 63.9(h)(1) through (3) | Notification of Compliance Status | Yes | |
| § 63.9(h)(4) | No | ||
| § 63.9(h)(5) and (6) | Notification of Compliance Status | Yes | |
| § 63.9(i) | Adjustment of Deadlines | Yes | |
| § 63.9(j) | Change in Previous Information | Yes | |
| § 63.9(k) | Electronic reporting procedures | Yes | Only as specified in § 63.9(j). |
| § 63.10(a) | Recordkeeping/Reporting General Requirements | Yes | See §§ 63.7131 through 63.7133. |
| § 63.10(b)(1) | Records | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(i) | Recordkeeping of Occurrence and Duration of Startups and Shutdowns | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(ii) | Recordkeeping of Failures to Meet a Standard | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), see § 63.7132 for recordkeeping of (1) date, time and duration; (2) listing of affected source or equipment, and an estimate of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over the standard; and (3) actions to minimize emissions and correct the failure. |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(iii) | Maintenance Records | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(iv) and (v) | Actions Taken to Minimize Emissions During SSM | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), see § 63.7100 for OM&M requirements. |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(vi) through (xii) | Recordkeeping for CMS | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(xiii) | Records for Relative Accuracy Test | No | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(xiv) | Records for Notification | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(3) | Applicability Determinations | Yes | |
| § 63.10(c) | Additional CMS Recordkeeping | No | See § 63.7132. |
| § 63.10(d)(1) | General Reporting Requirements | Yes | |
| § 63.10(d)(2) | Performance Test Results | Yes | |
| § 63.10(d)(3) | Opacity or VE Observations | Yes | For the periodic monitoring requirements in table 7 to this subpart, report according to § 63.10(d)(3) only if VE observed and subsequent visual opacity test is required. |
| § 63.10(d)(4) | Progress Reports | Yes | |
| § 63.10(d)(5)(i) | Periodic Startup, Shutdown, Malfunction Reports | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | On and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e), see § 63.7131 for malfunction reporting requirements. |
| § 63.10(d)(5)(ii) | Immediate Startup, Shutdown, Malfunction Reports | Yes before the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) No on and after the relevant compliance date for your source as specified in § 63.7083(e) | |
| § 63.10(e) | Additional CMS Reports | No | See specific requirements in this subpart, see § 63.7131. |
| § 63.10(f) | Waiver for Recordkeeping/Reporting | Yes | |
| § 63.11(a) and (b) | Control Device and Work Practice Requirements | No | Flares not applicable. |
| § 63.12(a) through (c) | State Authority and Delegations | Yes | |
| § 63.13(a) through (c) | State/Regional Addresses | Yes | |
| § 63.14(a) and (b) | Incorporation by Reference | No | |
| § 63.15(a) and (b) | Availability of Information and Confidentiality | Yes | |
| § 63.16 | Performance Track Provisions | Yes |
Table 11 to Subpart AAAAA of Part 63—Toxicity Equivalence Factors (TEFs) for Human Health Risk Assessment of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins, Dibenzofurans, and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls
| Dioxin/Furan | 2005 TEFs 1 |
|---|---|
| 2,3,7,8-TCDD | 1 |
| 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD | 1 |
| 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD | 0.1 |
| 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDD | 0.1 |
| 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDD | 0.1 |
| 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD | 0.01 |
| OCDD | 0.0003 |
| 2,3,7,8-TCDF | 0.1 |
| 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF | 0.03 |
| 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF | 0.3 |
| 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDF | 0.1 |
| 1,2,3,6,7,8-HxCDF | 0.1 |
| 1,2,3,7,8,9-HxCDF | 0.1 |
| 2,3,4,6,7,8-HxCDF | 0.1 |
| 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF | 0.01 |
| 1,2,3,4,7,8,9-HpCDF | 0.01 |
| OCDF | 0.0003 |
1 EPA/100/R-10/005, “Recommended Toxicity Equivalence Factors (TEFs) for Human Health Risk Assessments of 2, 3, 7, 8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and Dioxin-Like Compounds”, December 2010. (See § 63.14 for availability.)
Subpart BBBBB—National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Semiconductor Manufacturing
What This Subpart Covers
§ 63.7180 What is the purpose of this subpart?
This subpart establishes national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) for semiconductor manufacturing facilities. This subpart also establishes requirements to demonstrate initial and continuous compliance with the emission standards.
§ 63.7181 Am I subject to this subpart?
(a) You are subject to this subpart if you own or operate a semiconductor manufacturing process unit that is a major source of hazardous air pollutants (HAP) emissions or that is located at, or is part of, a major source of HAP emissions.
(b) A major source of HAP emissions is any stationary source or group of stationary sources located within a contiguous area and under common control that emits or has the potential to emit, considering controls, in the aggregate, any single HAP at a rate of 10 tons per year (tpy) or more or any combination of HAP at a rate of 25 tpy or more.
§ 63.7182 What parts of my facility does this subpart cover?
(a) This subpart applies to each new, reconstructed, or existing affected source that you own or operate that manufactures semiconductors.
(b) An affected source subject to this subpart is the collection of all semiconductor manufacturing process units used to manufacture p-type and n-type semiconductors and active solid-state devices from a wafer substrate, including research and development activities integrated into a semiconductor manufacturing process unit. A semiconductor manufacturing process unit includes the equipment assembled and connected by ductwork or hard-piping including furnaces and associated unit operations; associated wet and dry work benches; associated recovery devices; feed, intermediate, and product storage tanks; product transfer racks and connected ducts and piping; pumps, compressors, agitators, pressure-relief devices, sampling connecting systems, open-ended valves or lines, valves, connectors, and instrumentation systems; and control devices.
(c) Your affected source is a new affected source if you commence construction of the affected source after May 8, 2002, and you meet the applicability criteria in § 63.7181 at the time you commence construction.
(d) Your affected source is a reconstructed affected source if you meet the criteria for “reconstruction,” as defined in § 63.2.
(e) Your source is an existing affected source if it is not a new or reconstructed affected source.
§ 63.7183 When do I have to comply with this subpart?
(a) If you have a new or reconstructed affected source, you must comply with this subpart according to paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) If you start up your affected source before May 22, 2003, then you must comply with the emission standards for new and reconstructed sources in this subpart no later than May 22, 2003.
(2) If you start up your affected source after May 22, 2003, then you must comply with the emission standards for new and reconstructed sources in this subpart upon startup of your affected source.
(b) If you have an existing affected source, you must comply with the emission standards for existing sources no later than 3 years from May 22, 2003.
(c) If you have an area source that increases its emissions or its potential to emit such that it becomes a major source of HAP and an affected source subject to this subpart, paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section apply.
(1) Any portion of your existing facility that is a new affected source as specified at § 63.7182(c), or a reconstructed affected source as specified at § 63.7182(d), must be in compliance with this subpart upon startup.
(2) Any portion of your facility that is an existing affected source, as specified at § 63.7182(e), must be in compliance with this subpart by not later than 3 years after it becomes a major source.
(d) You must meet the notification requirements in § 63.7189 and in subpart A of this part. You must submit some of the notifications (e.g., Initial Notification) before the date you are required to comply with the emission limitations in this subpart.
Emission Standards
§ 63.7184 What emission limitations, operating limits, and work practice standards must I meet?
(a) If you have a new, reconstructed, or existing affected source, as defined in § 63.7182(b), you must comply with all applicable emission limitations in this section on and after the compliance dates specified in § 63.7183.
(b) Process vents—organic HAP emissions. For each organic HAP process vent, other than process vents from storage tanks, you must limit organic HAP emissions to the level specified in paragraph (b)(1) or (2) of this section. These limitations can be met by venting emissions from your process vent through a closed vent system to any combination of control devices meeting the requirements of § 63.982(a)(2).
(1) Reduce the emissions of organic HAP from the process vent stream by 98 percent by weight.
(2) Reduce or maintain the concentration of emitted organic HAP from the process vent to less than or equal to 20 parts per million by volume (ppmv).
(c) Process vents—inorganic HAP emissions. For each inorganic HAP process vent, other than process vents from storage tanks, you must limit inorganic HAP emissions to the level specified in paragraph (c)(1) or (2) of this section. These limitations can be met by venting emissions from your process vent through a closed vent system to a halogen scrubber meeting the requirements of §§ 63.983 (closed vent system requirements) and § 63.994 (halogen scrubber requirements); the applicable general monitoring requirements of § 63.996; the applicable performance test requirements; and the monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting requirements referenced therein.
(1) Reduce the emissions of inorganic HAP from the process vent stream by 95 percent by weight.
(2) Reduce or maintain the concentration of emitted inorganic HAP from the process vent to less than or equal to 0.42 ppmv.
(d) Storage tanks. For each storage tank, 1,500 gallons or larger, you must limit total HAP emissions to the level specified in paragraph (d)(1) or (2) of this section if the emissions from the storage tank vent contains greater than 0.42 ppmv inorganic HAP. These limitations can be met by venting emissions from your storage tank through a closed vent system to a halogen scrubber meeting the requirements of §§ 63.983 (closed vent system requirements) and 63.994 (halogen scrubber requirements); the applicable general monitoring requirements of § 63.996; the applicable performance test requirements; and the monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting requirements referenced therein.
(1) Reduce the emissions of inorganic HAP from each storage tank by 95 percent by weight.
(2) Reduce or maintain the concentration of emitted inorganic HAP from the process vent to less than or equal to 0.42 ppmv.
(e) You must comply with the applicable work practice standards and operating limits contained in § 63.982(a)(1) and (2). The closed vent system inspection requirements of § 63.983(c), as referenced by § 63.982(a)(1) and (2), do not apply.
(f) Process vents—combined HAP emissions. For each combined HAP process vent, other than process vents from storage tanks, you must reduce or maintain the concentration of emitted HAP from the process vent to less than or equal to 14.22 ppmv. These limitations can be met by venting emissions from your process vent through a closed vent system to any combination of control devices meeting the requirements of § 63.982(a)(2).
Compliance Requirements
§ 63.7185 What are my general requirements for complying with this subpart?
(a) You must be in compliance with the requirements of § 63.7184 at all times, except during periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction.
(b) You must always operate and maintain your affected source, including air pollution control and monitoring equipment, according to the provisions in § 63.6(e)(1)(i).
(c) You must develop a written startup, shutdown, and malfunction plan (SSMP). Your SSMP must be prepared in accordance with the provisions in § 63.6(e)(3).
(d) You must perform all the items listed in paragraphs (d)(1) through (3) of this section:
(1) Submit the necessary notifications in accordance with § 63.7189.
(2) Submit the necessary reports in accordance with § 63.7190.
(3) Maintain all necessary records you have used to demonstrate compliance with this subpart in accordance with § 63.7191.
§ 63.7186 By what date must I conduct performance tests or other initial compliance demonstrations?
For each process vent or storage tank vent emission limitation in § 63.7184 for which initial compliance is demonstrated by meeting a percent by weight HAP emissions reduction, or a HAP concentration limitation, you must conduct performance tests or an initial compliance demonstration within 180 days after the compliance date that is specified for your source in § 63.7183 and according to the provisions in § 63.7(a)(2).
§ 63.7187 What performance tests and other compliance procedures must I use?
(a) You must conduct each performance test in Table 1 to this subpart that applies to you as specified for process vents in § 63.982(a)(2) and storage tanks in § 63.982(a)(1). Performance tests must be conducted under maximum operating conditions or HAP emissions potential. Section 63.982(a)(1) and (2) only includes methods to measure the total organic regulated material or total organic carbon (TOC) concentration. The EPA Methods 26 and 26A are included in Table 1 to this subpart in addition to the test methods contained within § 63.982(a)(1) and (2). The EPA Method 26 or 26A must be used for testing regulated material containing inorganic HAP. Method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A, must be used to measure total vapor phase organic and inorganic HAP concentrations.
(b) If, without the use of a control device, your process vent stream has an organic HAP concentration of 20 ppmv or less or an inorganic HAP concentration of 0.42 ppmv or less, or your storage tank vent stream has an inorganic HAP concentration of 0.42 ppmv or less, you may demonstrate that the vent stream is compliant by engineering assessments and calculations or by conducting the applicable performance test requirements specified in Table 1 to this subpart. Your engineering assessments and calculations, as with performance tests (as specified in § 63.982(a)(1) and (2)), must represent your maximum operating conditions or HAP emissions potential and must be approved by the Administrator. You must demonstrate continuous compliance by certifying that your operations will not exceed the maximum operating conditions or HAP emissions potential represented by your engineering assessments, calculations, or performance test.
(c) If you are using a control device to comply with the emission limitations in § 63.7184 and the inlet concentration of HAP to the control device is 20 ppmv or less, then you may demonstrate that the control device meets the percent by weight HAP emission reduction limitation in § 63.7184(c)(1) or (d)(1) by conducting a design evaluation as specified in paragraph (i) of this section. Your design evaluation must represent your maximum operating conditions or HAP emissions potential and must be approved by the Administrator. You must demonstrate continuous compliance by certifying that your operations will not exceed the maximum operating conditions or HAP emissions potential represented by your design evaluation.
(d) [Reserved]
(e) For each monitoring system required in this section, you must develop and submit for approval a site-specific monitoring plan that addresses the criteria specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Installation of the continuous monitoring system (CMS) sampling probe or other interface at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit such that the measurement is representative of control of the exhaust emissions (e.g., on or downstream of the last control device);
(2) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample interface, the pollutant concentration or parametric signal analyzer, and the data collection and reduction system; and
(3) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria (e.g., calibrations).
(f) In your site-specific monitoring plan, you must also address the procedural processes in paragraphs (f)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.8(c)(1), (3), (4)(ii), (7), and (8);
(2) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.8(d); and
(3) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.10(c), (e)(1), and (e)(2)(i).
(g) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each CMS in accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan.
(h) You must operate and maintain the CMS in continuous operation according to the site-specific monitoring plan.
(i) Design evaluation. To demonstrate that a control device meets the required percent by weight inorganic HAP emission reduction limitation in § 63.7184(c)(1) or (d)(1), a design evaluation must address the composition of the inorganic HAP concentration of the vent stream entering the control device. A design evaluation also must address other vent stream characteristics and control device operating parameters as specified in any one of paragraphs (i)(1) through (5) of this section, depending on the type of control device that is used. If the vent stream is not the only inlet to the control device, the efficiency demonstration must also consider all other vapors, gases, and liquids, other than fuels, received by the control device.
(1) For a condenser, the design evaluation shall consider the vent stream flow rate, relative humidity, and temperature and shall establish the design outlet organic HAP compound concentration level, design average temperature of the condenser exhaust vent stream, and the design average temperatures of the coolant fluid at the condenser inlet and outlet. The temperature of the gas stream exiting the condenser must be measured and used to establish the outlet organic HAP concentration.
(2) For a carbon adsorption system that regenerates the carbon bed directly onsite in the control device such as a fixed-bed adsorber, the design evaluation shall consider the vent stream flow rate, relative humidity, and temperature and shall establish the design exhaust vent stream organic compound concentration level, adsorption cycle time, number and capacity of carbon beds, type and working capacity of activated carbon used for carbon beds, design total regeneration stream mass or volumetric flow over the period of each complete carbon bed regeneration cycle, design carbon bed temperature after regeneration, design carbon bed regeneration time, and design service life of carbon. For vacuum desorption, the pressure drop shall be included.
(3) For a carbon adsorption system that does not regenerate the carbon bed directly onsite in the control device such as a carbon canister, the design evaluation shall consider the vent stream mass or volumetric flow rate, relative humidity, and temperature and shall establish the design exhaust vent stream organic compound concentration level, capacity of carbon bed, type and working capacity of activated carbon used for carbon bed, and design carbon replacement interval based on the total carbon working capacity of the control device and source operating schedule.
(4) For a scrubber, the design evaluation shall consider the vent stream composition, constituent concentrations, liquid-to-vapor ratio, scrubbing liquid flow rate and concentration, temperature, and the reaction kinetics of the constituents with the scrubbing liquid. The design evaluation shall establish the design exhaust vent stream organic compound concentration level and will include the additional information in paragraphs (i)(5)(i) and (ii) of this section for trays and a packed column scrubber.
(i) Type and total number of theoretical and actual trays;
(ii) Type and total surface area of packing for entire column, and for individual packed sections if column contains more than one packed section.
§ 63.7188 What are my monitoring installation, operation, and maintenance requirements?
If you comply with the emission limitations of § 63.7184 by venting the emissions of your semiconductor process vent through a closed vent system to a control device, you must comply with the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
(a) You must meet the applicable general monitoring, installation, operation, and maintenance requirements specified in § 63.996.
(b) You must meet the monitoring, installation, operation, and maintenance requirements specified for closed vent systems and applicable control devices in §§ 63.983 through 63.995. If you used the design evaluation procedure in § 63.7187(i) to demonstrate compliance, you must use the information from the design evaluation to establish the operating parameter level for monitoring of the control device.
Applications, Notifications, Reports, and Records
§ 63.7189 What applications and notifications must I submit and when?
(a) You must submit all of the applications and notifications in §§ 63.7(b) and (c); 63.8(e), (f)(4) and (f)(6); and 63.9(b) through (e), (g) and (h) that apply to you by the dates specified.
(b) As specified in § 63.9(b)(2), if you start up your affected source before May 22, 2003, you must submit an Initial Notification not later than 120 calendar days after May 22, 2003, or no later than 120 days after the source becomes subject to this subpart, whichever is later.
(c) As specified in § 63.9(b)(3), if you start up your new or reconstructed affected source on or after May 22, 2003. you must submit an Initial Notification not later than 120 calendar days after you become subject to this subpart.
(d) If you are required to conduct a performance test, you must submit a notification of intent to conduct a performance test at least 60 calendar days before the performance test is scheduled to begin as required in § 63.7(b)(1).
(e) If you are required to conduct a performance test or other initial compliance demonstration, you must submit a Notification of Compliance Status according to § 63.9(h)(2)(ii) and according to paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) For each initial compliance demonstration that does not include a performance test, you must submit the Notification of Compliance Status before the close of business on the 30th calendar day following the completion of the initial compliance demonstration. If you used the design evaluation procedure in § 63.7187(i) to demonstrate compliance, you must include the results of the design evaluation in the Notification of Compliance Status.
(2) For each initial compliance demonstration required that includes a performance test conducted according to the requirements in Table 1 to this subpart, you must submit a notification of the date of the performance evaluation at least 60 days prior to the date the performance evaluation is scheduled to begin as required in § 63.8(e)(2).
§ 63.7190 What reports must I submit and when?
(a) You must submit each of the following reports that apply to you.
(1) Periodic compliance reports. You must submit a periodic compliance report that contains the information required under paragraphs (c) through (e) of this section, and any requirements specified to be reported for process vents in § 63.982(a)(2) and storage tanks in § 63.982(a)(1).
(2) Immediate startup, shutdown, and malfunction report. You must submit an Immediate Startup, Shutdown, and Malfunction Report if you had a startup, shutdown, or malfunction during the reporting period that is not consistent with your SSMP. Your report must contain actions taken during the event. You must submit this report by fax or telephone within 2 working days after starting actions inconsistent with you SSMP. You are required to follow up this report with a report specifying the information in § 63.10(d)(5)(ii) by letter within 7 working days after the end of the event unless you have made alternative arrangements with your permitting authority.
(b) Unless the Administrator has approved a different schedule for submission of reports under § 63.10(a), you must submit each report by the date according to paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) The first periodic compliance report must cover the period beginning on the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.7183 and ending on June 30 or December 31, whichever date is the first date following the end of the first 12 calendar months after the compliance date that is specified for your source in § 63.7183.
(2) The first periodic compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no later than July 31 or January 31, whichever date follows the end of the first 12 calendar months after the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.7183.
(3) Each subsequent periodic compliance report must cover the semiannual reporting period from January 1 through June 30 or the semiannual reporting period from July 1 through December 31.
(4) Each subsequent periodic compliance report must be postmarked or delivered no later than July 31 or January 31, whichever date is the first date following the end of the semiannual reporting period.
(5) For each affected source that is subject to permitting regulations pursuant to 40 CFR part 70 or 40 CFR part 71, and if the permitting authority has established dates for submitting semiannual reports pursuant to 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 40 CFR 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), you may submit the first and subsequent periodic compliance reports according to the dates the permitting authority has established instead of according to the dates in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section.
(c) The periodic compliance report must contain the information specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) Company name and address.
(2) Statement by a responsible official with that official’s name, title, and signature, certifying the truth, accuracy, and completeness of the content of the report.
(3) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period.
(4) If there are no deviations from any emission limitations that apply to you, a statement that there were no deviations from the emission limitations during the reporting period and that no CMS was inoperative, inactive, malfunctioning, out-of-control, repaired, or adjusted.
(5) If you had a startup, shutdown, or malfunction during the reporting period and you took actions consistent with your SSMP, your periodic compliance report must include the information in § 63.10(d)(5) for each startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(d) For each deviation from an emission limitation that occurs at an affected source where you are not using a CMS to comply with the emission limitations, the periodic compliance report must contain the information in paragraphs (d)(1) through (2) of this section.
(1) The total operating time of each affected source during the reporting period.
(2) Information on the number, duration, and cause of deviations (including unknown cause), if applicable.
(e) For each deviation from an emission limitation occurring at an affected source where you are using a CMS to demonstrate compliance with the emission limitation, you must include the information in paragraphs (e)(1) through (8) of this section.
(1) The date and time that each malfunction started and stopped, and the reason it was inoperative.
(2) The date and time that each CMS was inoperative, except for calibration checks.
(3) The date and time that each CMS was out-of-control, including the information in § 63.8(c)(8).
(4) The date and time that each deviation started and stopped, and whether each deviation occurred during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction or during another period, and the cause of the deviation.
(5) A summary of the total duration of the deviation during the reporting period, and the total duration as a percent of the total source operating time during that reporting period.
(6) A summary of the total duration of CMS downtime during the reporting period, and the total duration of CMS downtime as a percent of the total source operating time during the reporting period.
(7) An identification of each HAP that was monitored at the affected source.
(8) The date of the latest CMS certification or audit.
§ 63.7191 What records must I keep?
(a) You must keep the records listed in paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) A copy of each notification and report that you submitted to comply with this subpart, including all documentation supporting any Notification of Compliance Status and periodic report of compliance that you submitted, according to the requirements in § 63.10(b)(2)(xiv).
(2) The records in § 63.6(e)(3)(iii) through (v) related to startup, shutdown, and malfunctions.
(3) Records of performance tests and performance evaluations as required in § 63.10(b)(2)(viii).
(b) For each CMS, you must keep the records listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) Records described in § 63.10(b)(2)(vi) through (xi).
(2) All required measurements needed to demonstrate compliance with a relevant standard (e.g., 30-minute averages of CMS data, raw performance testing measurements, raw performance evaluation measurements).
(3) All required CMS measurements (including monitoring data recorded during unavoidable CMS breakdowns and out-of-control periods).
(4) Records of the date and time that each deviation started and stopped, and whether the deviation occurred during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction or during another period.
(5) Records for process vents according to the requirements specified in § 63.982(a)(2) and storage tank vents according to the requirements specified in § 63.982(a)(1).
§ 63.7192 In what form and how long must I keep my records?
(a) Your records must be in a form suitable and readily available for expeditious review, according to § 63.10(b)(1).
(b) As specified in § 63.10(b)(1), you must keep each record for 5 years following the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record.
(c) You must keep each record on site for at least 2 years after the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record, according to § 63.10(b)(1). You can keep the records offsite for the remaining 3 years.
Other Requirements and Information
§ 63.7193 What parts of the General Provisions apply to me?
Table 2 to this subpart shows which parts of the General Provisions in §§ 63.1 through 63.13 apply to you.
§ 63.7194 Who implements and enforces this subpart?
(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by us, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), or a delegated authority such as your State, local, or tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has delegated authority to your State, local, or tribal agency, then that agency has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. You should contact your U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is delegated to your State, local, or tribal agency.
(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a State, local, or tribal agency under 40 CFR part 63, subpart E, the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this section are retained by the U.S. EPA Administrator and are not transferred to the State, local, or tribal agency.
(c) The authorities that will not be delegated to State, local, or tribal agencies are as listed in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Approval of alternatives to the non-opacity emission limitations in § 63.7184 under § 63.6(g).
(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods under § 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring under § 63.8(f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting under § 63.10(f) and as defined in § 63.90.
§ 63.7195 What definitions apply to this subpart?
Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act, in §§ 63.2 and 63.981, the General Provisions of this part (40 CFR part 63, subpart A), and in this section as follows:
Combined HAP process vent means a process vent that emits both inorganic and organic HAP to the atmosphere.
Control device means a combustion device, recovery device, recapture device, or any combination of these devices used for the primary purpose of reducing emissions to comply with this subpart. Devices that are inherent to a process or are integral to the operation of a process are not considered control devices for the purposes of this subpart, even though these devices may have the secondary effect of reducing emissions.
Inorganic HAP process vent means a process vent that emits only inorganic HAP to the atmosphere.
Organic HAP process vent means a process vent that emits only organic HAP to the atmosphere.
Process vent means the point at which HAP emissions are released to the atmosphere from a semiconductor manufacturing process unit or storage tank by means of a stack, chimney, vent, or other functionally equivalent opening. The HAP emission points originating from wastewater treatment equipment, other than storage tanks, are not considered to be a process vent, unless the wastewater treatment equipment emission points are connected to a common vent or exhaust plenum with other process vents.
Semiconductor manufacturing means the collection of semiconductor manufacturing process units used to manufacture p-type and n-type semiconductors or active solid state devices from a wafer substrate, including processing from crystal growth through wafer fabrication, and testing and assembly. Examples of semiconductor or related solid state devices include semiconductor diodes, semiconductor stacks, rectifiers, integrated circuits, and transistors.
Semiconductor manufacturing process unit means the collection of equipment used to carry out a discrete operation in the semiconductor manufacturing process. These operations include, but are not limited to, crystal growing; solvent stations used to prepare and clean materials for subsequent processing or for parts cleaning; wet chemical stations used for cleaning (other than solvent cleaning); photoresist application, developing, and stripping; etching; gaseous operation stations used for stripping, cleaning, doping, etching, and layering; separation; encapsulation; and testing. Research and development operations associated with semiconductor manufacturing and conducted at a semiconductor manufacturing facility are considered to be semiconductor manufacturing process units.
Storage tank means a stationary unit that is constructed primarily from nonearthen materials (such as wood, concrete, steel, fiberglass, or plastic) which provides structural support and is designed to hold an accumulation of liquids or other materials used in or generated by a semiconductor manufacturing process unit. The following are not storage tanks for the purposes of this subpart:
(1) Tanks permanently attached to motor vehicles such as trucks, railcars, barges, or ships;
(2) Flow-through tanks where wastewater undergoes treatment (such as pH adjustment) before discharge, and are not used to accumulate wastewater;
(3) Bottoms receiver tanks; and
(4) Surge control tanks.
Table 1 to Subpart BBBBB of Part 63—Requirements for Performance Tests
As stated in § 63.7187, you must comply with the requirements for performance tests in the following table:
| For . . . | You must . . . | Using . . . | According to the following requirements . . . |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Process or storage tank vent streams | a. Select sampling port’s location and the number of traverse ports | Method 1 or 1A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A | Sampling sites must be located at the inlet (if emission reduction or destruction efficiency testing is required) and outlet of the control device and prior to any releases to the atmosphere. |
| b. Determine velocity and volumetric flow rate | Method 2, 2A, 2C, 2D, 2F, or 2G of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A | For HAP reduction efficiency testing only; not necessary for determining compliance with a ppmv concentration limit. | |
| c. Conduct gas molecular weight analysis | i. Method 3, 3A, or 3B of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A | For flow rate determination only. | |
| ii. ASME PTC 19.10-1981-Part 10 | You may use ASME PTC 19.10-1981-Part 10 (available for purchase from Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990) as an alternative to EPA Method 3B. | ||
| d. Measure moisture content of the stack gas | Method 4 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A | For flow rate determination and correction to dry basis, if necessary. | |
| 2. Process vent stream | a. Measure organic and inorganic HAP concentration (two method option) | i. Method 18, 25, or 25A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, AND ii. Method 26 or 26A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A | (1) To determine compliance with the percent by weight emission reduction limit, conduct simultaneous sampling at inlet and outlet of control device and analyze for same organic and inorganic HAP at both inlet and outlet; and (2) If you use Method 25A to determine the TOC concentration for compliance with the 20 ppmv emission limitation, the instrument must be calibrated on methane or the predominant HAP. If you calibrate on the predominant HAP, you must comply with each of the following: |
| —The organic HAP used as the calibration gas must be the single organic HAP representing the largest percent of emissions by volume. | |||
| —The results are acceptable if the response from the high level calibration gas is at least 20 times the standard deviation of the response from the zero calibration gas when the instrument is zeroed on its most sensitive scale. | |||
| —The span value of the analyzer must be less than 100 ppmv. To determine compliance with 98 percent reduction limit, conduct simultaneous sampling at inlet and outlet of control device and analyze for same organic and inorganic HAP at both inlet and outlet. | |||
| c. Measure organic and inorganic HAP simultaneously (one method option) | Method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A | To determine compliance with the percent by weight emission reduction limit, conduct simultaneous sampling at inlet and outlet of control device and analyze for same organic and inorganic HAP at both inlet and outlet. | |
| 3. Storage tank vent stream | Measure inorganic HAP concentration | Method 26 or 26A of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, or Method 320 of 40 CFR part 63, appendix A | To determine compliance with percent by weight emission reduction limit, conduct simultaneous sampling at inlet and outlet of control device and analyze for same inorganic HAP at both inlet and outlet. |
Table 2 to Subpart BBBBB of Part 63—Applicability of General Provisions to Subpart BBBBB
As stated in § 63.7193, you must comply with the applicable General Provisions requirements according to the following table:
| Citation | Subject | Applicable to Subpart BBBBB? |
|---|---|---|
| § 63.1 | Applicability | Yes. |
| § 63.2 | Definitions | Yes. |
| § 63.3 | Units and Abbreviations | Yes. |
| § 63.4 | Prohibited Activities and Circumvention | Yes. |
| § 63.5 | Construction and Reconstruction | Yes. |
| § 63.6 | Compliance with Standards and Maintenance | Yes. |
| § 63.7 | Performance Testing Requirements | Yes, with the exception of § 63.7(e)(1). The requirements of § 63.7(e)(1) do not apply. Performance testing requirements that apply are specified in this subpart, and in § 63.982(a)(1) and (2). |
| § 63.8 | Monitoring Requirements | Monitoring requirements are specified in this subpart and in § 63.982(a)(1) and (2). The closed vent system inspection requirements of § 63.983(c), as referenced by § 63.982(a)(1) and (2), do not apply. |
| § 63.9 | Notification Requirements | Yes. |
| § 63.10 | Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements | Yes, with the exception of § 63.10(e). The requirements of § 63.10(e) do not apply. In addition, the recordkeeping and reporting requirements specified in this subpart apply. |
| § 63.11 | Flares | Yes. |
| § 63.12 | Delegation | Yes. |
| § 63.13 | Addresses | Yes. |
| § 63.14 | Incorporation by Reference | Yes. |
| § 63.15 | Availability of Information | Yes. |
Subpart CCCCC—National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Coke Ovens: Pushing, Quenching, and Battery Stacks
What This Subpart Covers
§ 63.7280 What is the purpose of this subpart?
This subpart establishes national emission standards for hazardous air pollutants (NESHAP) for pushing, soaking, quenching, battery stacks, heat and/or nonrecovery (HNR) heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) main stacks, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks at facilities that produce coke in coke oven batteries and facilities that recover heat from coke oven gas. This subpart also establishes requirements to demonstrate initial and continuous compliance with all applicable emission limitations, work practice standards, and operation and maintenance requirements in this subpart.
§ 63.7281 Am I subject to this subpart?
You are subject to this subpart if you own or operate a coke oven battery at a coke plant that is (or is part of) a major source of hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions. A major source of HAP is a plant site that emits or has the potential to emit any single HAP at a rate of 10 tons or more per year or any combination of HAP at a rate of 25 tons or more per year.
§ 63.7282 What parts of my plant does this subpart cover?
(a) This subpart applies to each new or existing affected source at your coke plant. The affected source is each coke oven battery and units that recover heat from coke oven gas from the coke batteries.
(b) This subpart covers emissions from pushing, soaking, quenching, by-product battery stacks, HNR HRSG main stacks, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks from each affected source, as applicable to the coke oven facility.
(c) An affected source at your coke plant is existing if you commenced construction or reconstruction of the affected source before July 3, 2001.
(d) An affected source at your coke plant is new if you commenced construction or reconstruction of the affected source on or after July 3, 2001. An affected source is reconstructed if it meets the definition of “reconstruction” in § 63.2. This paragraph (d) does not apply to the emission limitations listed in §§ 63.7290(b) through (d), 63.7296(c) through (f), 63.7297(a) through (d), and 63.7298(a) through (e) for capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions, battery stacks, HNR HRSG main stacks, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks, respectively.
(e) An affected source at your coke plant is existing for the emissions limitations listed in §§ 63.7290(b) through (d), 63.7296(c) through (f), 63.7297(a) through (d), and 63.7298(a) through (e) for capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions, battery stacks, HNR HRSG main stacks, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks, respectively if you commenced construction or reconstruction of the affected source before August 16, 2023.
(f) An affected source at your coke plant is new for the emissions limitations listed in §§ 63.7290(b) through (d), 63.7296(c) through (f), 63.7297(a) through (d), and 63.7298(a) through (e) for capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions, battery stacks, HNR HRSG main stacks, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks, respectively if you commenced construction or reconstruction of the affected source on or after August 16, 2023.
§ 63.7283 When do I have to comply with this subpart?
(a) If you have an existing affected source, you must comply with each emission limitation, work practice standard, and operation and maintenance requirement in this subpart that applies to you no later than April 14, 2006. This paragraph does not apply to the emission limitations listed in §§ 63.7290(b) through (d), 63.7296(c) through (f), 63.7297(a) through (d), and 63.7298(a) through (e) for capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions, battery stacks, HNR HRSG main stacks, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks, respectively.
(b) If you have a new affected source and its initial startup date is on or before April 14, 2003, you must comply with each emission limitation, work practice standard, and operation and maintenance requirement in this subpart that applies to you by April 14, 2003. This paragraph does not apply to the emission limitations listed in §§ 63.7290(b) through (d), 63.7296(c) through (f), 63.7297(a) through (d), and 63.7298(a) through (e) for capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions, battery stacks, HNR HRSG main stacks, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks, respectively.
(c) If you have a new affected source and its initial startup date is after April 14, 2003, you must comply with each emission limitation, work practice standard, and operation and maintenance requirement in this subpart that applies to you upon initial startup. This paragraph does not apply to the emission limitations listed in §§ 63.7290(b) through (d), 63.7296(c) through (f), 63.7297(a) through (d), and 63.7298(a) through (e) for capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions, battery stacks, HNR HRSG main stacks, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks, respectively.
(d) With regard to the §§ 63.7290(b) through (d), 63.7296(c) through (f), 63.7297(a) through (d), and 63.7298(a) through (e) emission limitations for capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions, battery stacks, HNR HRSG main stacks, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks, respectively:
(1) If you have an existing affected source or a new or reconstructed affected source for which construction or reconstruction commenced on or before August 16, 2023, you must be in compliance no later than January 5, 2026.
(2) If you have a new or reconstructed affected source for which construction or reconstruction commenced after August 16, 2023, you must be in compliance no later than January 5, 2026 or upon startup, whichever is later.
(e) With regard to the § 63.7299 opacity limitations for HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks:
(1) If you have an existing affected source or a new or reconstructed affected source for which construction or reconstruction commenced on or before August 16, 2023, you must be in compliance no later than July 7, 2025.
(2) If you have a new or reconstructed affected source for which construction or reconstruction commenced after August 16, 2023, you must be in compliance no later than July 7, 2025, or upon initial startup, whichever is later.
(f) You must meet the notification and schedule requirements in § 63.7340. Several of these notifications must be submitted before the compliance date for your affected source.
Emission Limitations and Work Practice Standards
§ 63.7290 What emission limitations must I meet for capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions?
(a) You must not discharge to the atmosphere emissions of particulate matter from a control device applied to pushing emissions from a new or existing coke oven battery that exceed the applicable limit in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section:
(1) 0.01 grain per dry standard cubic foot (gr/dscf) if a cokeside shed is used to capture emissions;
(2) 0.02 pound per ton (lb/ton) of coke if a moveable hood vented to a stationary control device is used to capture emissions;
(3) If a mobile scrubber car that does not capture emissions during travel is used:
(i) 0.03 lb/ton of coke for a control device applied to pushing emissions from a short battery, or
(ii) 0.01 lb/ton of coke for a control device applied to pushing emissions from a tall battery; and
(4) 0.04 lb/ton of coke if a mobile control device that captures emissions during travel is used.
(b) You must not discharge to the atmosphere emissions of mercury from a control device applied to pushing emissions from a new coke oven battery that exceeds 5.1E-07 lb/ton coke or existing coke oven battery that exceeds 8.9E-07 lb/ton coke.
(c) You must not discharge to the atmosphere emissions of total acid gases from a control device applied to pushing emissions from a new coke oven battery that exceeds 5.3E-04 lb/ton coke or existing coke oven battery that exceeds 0.013 lb/ton coke.
(d) You must not discharge to the atmosphere emissions of hydrogen cyanide from a control device applied to pushing emissions from a new coke oven battery that exceeds 3.8E-05 lb/ton coke or existing coke oven battery that exceeds 0.0015 lb/ton coke.
(e) You must not discharge to the atmosphere emissions of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from a control device applied to pushing emissions from a new coke oven battery that exceeds 1.4E-05 lb/ton coke or existing coke oven battery that exceeds 4.0E-04 lb/ton coke.
(f) You must meet each operating limit in paragraphs (f)(1) through (4) of this section that applies to you for a new or existing coke oven battery.
(1) For each venturi scrubber applied to pushing emissions, you must maintain the daily average pressure drop and scrubber water flow rate at or above the minimum levels established during the initial performance test.
(2) For each hot water scrubber applied to pushing emissions, you must maintain the daily average water pressure and water temperature at or above the minimum levels established during the initial performance test.
(3) For each capture system applied to pushing emissions, you must maintain the daily average volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the control device at or above the minimum level established during the initial performance test; or
(i) For each capture system that uses an electric motor to drive the fan, you must maintain the daily average fan motor amperes at or above the minimum level established during the initial performance test; and
(ii) For each capture system that does not use a fan driven by an electric motor, you must maintain the daily average static pressure at the inlet to the control device at an equal or greater vacuum than the level established during the initial performance test or maintain the daily average fan revolutions per minute (RPM) at or above the minimum level established during the initial performance test.
(4) For each multicyclone, you must maintain the daily average pressure drop at or below the minimum level established during the initial performance test.
§ 63.7291 What work practice standards must I meet for fugitive pushing emissions if I have a by-product coke oven battery with vertical flues?
(a) You must meet each requirement in paragraphs (a)(1) through (7) of this section for each new or existing by-product coke oven battery with vertical flues.
(1) Observe and record the opacity of fugitive pushing emissions from each oven at least once every 90 days. If an oven cannot be observed during a 90-day period due to circumstances that were not reasonably avoidable, you must observe the opacity of the first push of that oven following the close of the 90-day period that is capable of being observed in accordance with the procedures in § 63.7334(a), and you must document why the oven was not observed within a 90-day period. All opacity observations of fugitive pushing emissions for batteries with vertical flues must be made using the procedures in § 63.7334(a).
(2) If two or more batteries are served by the same pushing equipment and total no more than 90 ovens, the batteries as a unit can be considered a single battery.
(3) Observe and record the opacity of fugitive pushing emissions for at least four consecutive pushes per battery each day. Exclude any push during which the observer’s view is obstructed or obscured by interferences and observe the next available push to complete the set of four pushes. If necessary due to circumstances that were not reasonably avoidable, you may observe fewer than four consecutive pushes in a day; however, you must observe and record as many consecutive pushes as possible and document why four consecutive pushes could not be observed. You may observe and record one or more non-consecutive pushes in addition to any consecutive pushes observed in a day.
(4) Do not alter the pushing schedule to change the sequence of consecutive pushes to be observed on any day. Keep records indicating the legitimate operational reason for any change in your pushing schedule which results in a change in the sequence of consecutive pushes observed on any day.
(5) If the average opacity for any individual push exceeds 30 percent opacity for any short battery or 35 percent opacity for any tall battery, you must take corrective action and/or increase coking time for that oven. You must complete corrective action or increase coking time within either 10 calendar days or the number of days determined using Equation 1 of this section, whichever is greater:
(6)(i) You must demonstrate that the corrective action and/or increased coking time was successful. After a period of time no longer than the number of days allowed in paragraph (a)(5) of this section, observe and record the opacity of the first two pushes for the oven capable of being observed using the procedures in § 63.7334(a). The corrective action and/or increased coking time was successful if the average opacity for each of the two pushes is 30 percent or less for a short battery or 35 percent or less for a tall battery. If the corrective action and/or increased coking time was successful, you may return the oven to the 90-day reading rotation described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. If the average opacity of either push exceeds 30 percent for a short battery or 35 percent for a tall battery, the corrective action and/or increased coking time was unsuccessful, and you must complete additional corrective action and/or increase coking time for that oven within the number of days allowed in paragraph (a)(5) of this section.
(ii) After implementing any additional corrective action and/or increased coking time required under paragraph (a)(6)(i) or (a)(7)(ii) of this section, you must demonstrate that corrective action and/or increased coking time was successful. After a period of time no longer than the number of days allowed in paragraph (a)(5) of this section, you must observe and record the opacity of the first two pushes for the oven capable of being observed using the procedures in § 63.7334(a). The corrective action and/or increased coking time was successful if the average opacity for each of the two pushes is 30 percent or less for a short battery or 35 percent or less for a tall battery. If the corrective action and/or increased coking time was successful, you may return the oven to the 90-day reading rotation described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. If the average opacity of either push exceeds 30 percent for a short battery or 35 percent for a tall battery, the corrective action and/or increased coking time was unsuccessful, and you must follow the procedures in paragraph (a)(6)(iii) of this section.
(iii) If the corrective action and/or increased coking time was unsuccessful as described in paragraph (a)(6)(ii) of this section, you must repeat the procedures in paragraph (a)(6)(ii) of this section until the corrective action and/or increased coking time is successful. You must report to the permitting authority as a deviation each unsuccessful attempt at corrective action and/or increased coking time under paragraph (a)(6)(ii) of this section.
(7)(i) If at any time you place an oven on increased coking time as a result of fugitive pushing emissions that exceed 30 percent for a short battery or 35 percent for a tall battery, you must keep the oven on the increased coking time until the oven qualifies for decreased coking time using the procedures in paragraph (a)(7)(ii) or (a)(7)(iii) of this section.
(ii) To qualify for a decreased coking time for an oven placed on increased coking time in accordance with paragraph (a)(5) or (6) of this section, you must operate the oven on the decreased coking time. After no more than two coking cycles on the decreased coking time, you must observe and record the opacity of the first two pushes that are capable of being observed using the procedures in § 63.7334(a). If the average opacity for each of the two pushes is 30 percent or less for a short battery or 35 percent or less for a tall battery, you may keep the oven on the decreased coking time and return the oven to the 90-day reading rotation described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. If the average opacity of either push exceeds 30 percent for a short battery or 35 percent for a tall battery, the attempt to qualify for a decreased coking time was unsuccessful. You must then return the oven to the previously established increased coking time, or implement other corrective action(s) and/or increased coking time. If you implement other corrective action and/or a coking time that is shorter than the previously established increased coking time, you must follow the procedures in paragraph (a)(6)(ii) of this section to confirm that the corrective action(s) and/or increased coking time was successful.
(iii) If the attempt to qualify for decreased coking time was unsuccessful as described in paragraph (a)(7)(ii) of this section, you may again attempt to qualify for decreased coking time for the oven. To do this, you must operate the oven on the decreased coking time. After no more than two coking cycles on the decreased coking time, you must observe and record the opacity of the first two pushes that are capable of being observed using the procedures in § 63.7334(a). If the average opacity for each of the two pushes is 30 percent or less for a short battery or 35 percent or less for a tall battery, you may keep the oven on the decreased coking time and return the oven to the 90-day reading rotation described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. If the average opacity of either push exceeds 30 percent for a short battery or 35 percent for a tall battery, the attempt to qualify for a decreased coking time was unsuccessful. You must then return the oven to the previously established increased coking time, or implement other corrective action(s) and/or increased coking time. If you implement other corrective action and/or a coking time that is shorter than the previously established increased coking time, you must follow the procedures in paragraph (a)(6)(ii) of this section to confirm that the corrective action(s) and/or increased coking time was successful.
(iv) You must report to the permitting authority as a deviation the second and any subsequent consecutive unsuccessful attempts on the same oven to qualify for decreased coking time as described in paragraph (a)(7)(iii) of this section.
(b) As provided in § 63.6(g), you may request to use an alternative to the work practice standards in paragraph (a) of this section.
§ 63.7292 What work practice standards must I meet for fugitive pushing emissions if I have a by-product coke oven battery with horizontal flues?
(a) You must comply with each of the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Prepare and operate by a written plan that will eliminate or minimize incomplete coking for each by-product coke oven battery with horizontal flues. You must submit the plan and supporting documentation to the Administrator (or delegated authority) for approval no later than 90 days after completing all observations and measurements required for the study in paragraph (a)(3) of this section or April 14, 2004, whichever is earlier. You must begin operating by the plan requirements by the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283. The written plan must identify minimum flue temperatures for different coking times and a battery-wide minimum acceptable flue temperature for any oven at any coking time.
(2) Submit the written plan and supporting documentation to the Administrator (or delegated authority) for review and approval. Include all data collected during the study described in paragraph (a)(3) of this section. If the Administrator (or delegated authority) disapproves the plan, you must revise the plan as directed by the Administrator (or delegated authority) and submit the amended plan for approval. The Administrator (or delegated authority) may require you to collect and submit additional data. You must operate according to your submitted plan (or submitted amended plan, if any) until the Administrator (or delegated authority) approves your plan.
(3) You must base your written plan on a study that you conduct that meets each of the requirements listed in paragraphs (a)(3)(i) through (x) of this section.
(i) Initiate the study by July 14, 2003. Notify the Administrator (or delegated authority) at least 7 days prior to initiating the study according to the requirements in § 63.7340(f).
(ii) Conduct the study under representative operating conditions, including but not limited to the range of moisture content and volatile matter in the coal that is charged.
(iii) Include every oven in the study and observe at least two pushes from each oven.
(iv) For each push observed, measure and record the temperature of every flue within 2 hours before the scheduled pushing time. Document the oven number, date, and time the oven was charged and pushed, and calculate the net coking time.
(v) For each push observed, document the factors to be used to identify pushes that are incompletely coked. These factors must include (but are not limited to): average opacity during the push, average opacity during travel to the quench tower, average of six highest consecutive observations during both push and travel, highest single opacity reading, color of the emissions (especially noting any yellow or brown emissions), presence of excessive smoke during travel to the quench tower, percent volatile matter in the coke, percent volatile matter and percent moisture in the coal that is charged, and the date the oven was last rebuilt or completely relined. Additional documentation may be provided in the form of pictures or videotape of emissions during the push and travel. All opacity observations must be conducted in accordance with the procedures in § 63.7334(a)(3) through (7).
(vi) Inspect the inside walls of the oven after each observed push for cool spots as indicated by a flue that is darker than others (the oven walls should be red hot) and record the results.
(vii) For each push observed, note where incomplete coking occurs if possible (e.g., coke side end, pusher side end, top, or center of the coke mass). For any push with incomplete coking, investigate and document the probable cause.
(viii) Use the documented factors in paragraph (a)(3)(v) of this section to identify pushes that were completely coked and those that were not completely coked. Provide a rationale for the determination based on the documentation of factors observed during the study.
(ix) Use only the flue temperature and coking time data for pushes that were completely coked to identify minimum flue temperatures for various coking times. Submit the criteria used to determine complete coking, as well as a table of coking times and corresponding temperatures for complete coking as part of your plan.
(x) Determine the battery-wide minimum acceptable flue temperature for any oven. This temperature will be equal to the lowest temperature that provided complete coking as determined in paragraph (a)(3)(ix) of this section.
(4) You must operate according to the coking times and temperatures in your approved plan and the requirements in paragraphs (a)(4)(i) through (viii) of this section.
(i) Measure and record the percent volatile matter in the coal that is charged.
(ii) Measure and record the temperature of all flues on two ovens per day within 2 hours before the scheduled pushing time for each oven. Measure and record the temperature of all flues on each oven at least once each month.
(iii) For each oven observed in accordance with paragraph (a)(4)(ii) of this section, record the time each oven is charged and pushed and calculate and record the net coking time. If any measured flue temperature for an oven is below the minimum flue temperature for an oven’s scheduled coking time as established in the written plan, increase the coking time for the oven to the coking time in the written plan for the observed flue temperature before pushing the oven.
(iv) If you increased the coking time for any oven in accordance with paragraph (a)(4)(iii) of this section, you must investigate the cause of the low flue temperature and take corrective action to fix the problem. You must continue to measure and record the temperature of all flues for the oven within 2 hours before each scheduled pushing time until the measurements meet the minimum temperature requirements for the increased coking time for two consecutive pushes. If any measured flue temperature for an oven on increased coking time falls below the minimum flue temperature for the increased coking time, as established in the written plan, you must increase the coking time for the oven to the coking time specified in the written plan for the observed flue temperature before pushing the oven. The oven must continue to operate at this coking time (or at a longer coking time if the temperature falls below the minimum allowed for the increased coking time) until the problem has been corrected, and you have confirmed that the corrective action was successful as required by paragraph (a)(4)(v) of this section.
(v) Once the heating problem has been corrected, the oven may be returned to the battery’s normal coking schedule. You must then measure and record the flue temperatures for the oven within 2 hours before the scheduled pushing time for the next two consecutive pushes. If any flue temperature measurement is below the minimum flue temperature for that coking time established in the written plan, repeat the procedures in paragraphs (a)(4)(iii) and (iv) of this section.
(vi) If any flue temperature measurement is below the battery-wide minimum acceptable temperature for complete coking established in the written plan for any oven at any coking time, you must remove the oven from service for repairs.
(vii) For an oven that has been repaired and returned to service after being removed from service in accordance with paragraph (a)(4)(vi) of this section, you must measure and record the temperatures of all flues for the oven within 2 hours before the first scheduled pushing time. If any flue temperature measurement is below the minimum flue temperature for the scheduled coking time, as established in the written plan, you must repeat the procedures described in paragraphs (a)(4)(iii) and (iv) of this section.
(viii) For an oven that has been repaired and returned to service after removal from service in accordance with paragraph (a)(4)(vi) of this section, you must report as a deviation to the permitting authority any flue temperature measurement made during the initial coking cycle after return to service that is below the lowest acceptable minimum flue temperature.
(b) As provided in § 63.6(g), you may request to use an alternative to the work practice standards in paragraph (a) of this section.
§ 63.7293 What work practice standards must I meet for fugitive pushing emissions if I have a nonrecovery coke oven battery?
(a) You must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section for each new and existing nonrecovery coke oven battery.
(1) You must visually inspect each oven prior to pushing by opening the door damper and observing the bed of coke.
(2) Do not push the oven unless the visual inspection indicates that there is no smoke in the open space above the coke bed and that there is an unobstructed view of the door on the opposite side of the oven.
(b) As provided in § 63.6(g), you may request to use an alternative to the work practice standard in paragraph (a) of this section.
§ 63.7294 What work practice standard must I meet for soaking?
(a) For each new and existing by-product coke oven battery, you must prepare and operate at all times according to a written work practice plan for soaking. Each plan must include measures and procedures to:
(1) Train topside workers to identify soaking emissions that require corrective actions.
(2) Damper the oven off the collecting main prior to opening the standpipe cap.
(3) Determine the cause of soaking emissions that do not ignite automatically, including emissions that result from raw coke oven gas leaking from the collecting main through the damper, and emissions that result from incomplete coking.
(4) If soaking emissions are caused by leaks from the collecting main, take corrective actions to eliminate the soaking emissions. Corrective actions may include, but are not limited to, reseating the damper, cleaning the flushing liquor piping, using aspiration, putting the oven back on the collecting main, or igniting the emissions.
(5) If soaking emissions are not caused by leaks from the collecting main, notify a designated responsible party. The responsible party must determine whether the soaking emissions are due to incomplete coking. If incomplete coking is the cause of the soaking emissions, you must put the oven back on the collecting main until it is completely coked or you must ignite the emissions.
(b) As provided in § 63.6(g), you may request to use an alternative to the work practice standard in paragraph (a) of this section.
§ 63.7295 What requirements must I meet for quenching?
(a) You must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section for each quench tower and backup quench station at a new or existing coke oven battery.
(1) For the quenching of hot coke, you must meet the requirements in paragraph (a)(1)(i) or (ii) of this section.
(i) The concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) in the water used for quenching must not exceed 1,100 milligrams per liter (mg/L); or
(ii) The sum of the concentrations of benzene, benzo(a)pyrene, and naphthalene in the water used for quenching must not exceed the applicable site-specific limit approved by the permitting authority.
(2) You must use acceptable makeup water, as defined in § 63.7352, as makeup water for quenching.
(b) For each quench tower at a new or existing coke oven battery and each backup quench station at a new coke oven battery, you must meet each of the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) You must equip each quench tower with baffles such that no more than 5 percent of the cross sectional area of the tower may be uncovered or open to the sky.
(2) You must wash the baffles in each quench tower once each day that the tower is used to quench coke, except as specified in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) You are not required to wash the baffles in a quench tower if the highest measured ambient temperature remains less than 30 degrees Fahrenheit throughout that day (24-hour period). If the measured ambient temperature rises to 30 degrees Fahrenheit or more during the day, you must resume daily washing according to the schedule in your operation and maintenance plan.
(ii) You must continuously record the ambient temperature on days that the baffles were not washed.
(3) You must inspect each quench tower monthly for damaged or missing baffles and blockage.
(4) You must initiate repair or replacement of damaged or missing baffles within 30 days and complete as soon as practicable.
(c) As provided in § 63.6(g), you may request to use an alternative to the work practice standards in paragraph (b) of this section.
§ 63.7296 What emission limitations must I meet for battery stacks?
You must not discharge to the atmosphere any emissions from any battery stack at a new or existing by-product coke oven battery that exhibit an opacity greater than the applicable limits in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section and emissions greater than the applicable limits in paragraphs (c) through (f) of this section.
(a) Daily average of 15 percent opacity for a battery on a normal coking cycle.
(b) Daily average of 20 percent opacity for a battery on batterywide extended coking.
(c) Emissions of particulate matter from a new by-product coke oven battery stack that exceeds 0.013 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen or existing by-product coke oven battery stack that exceeds 0.13 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen.
(d) Emissions of mercury from a new by-product coke oven battery stack that exceeds 7.1E-06 lb/ton coke or existing by-product coke oven battery stack that exceeds 4.5E-05 lb/ton coke.
(e) Emissions of total acid gases from a new by-product coke oven battery stack that exceeds 0.013 lb/ton coke or existing by-product coke oven battery stack that exceeds 0.16 lb/ton coke.
(f) Emissions of hydrogen cyanide from a new by-product coke oven battery stack that exceeds 7.4E-04 lb/ton coke or existing by-product coke oven battery stack that exceeds 0.032 lb/ton coke.
§ 63.7297 What emission limitations must I meet for HNR HRSG main stacks?
You must not discharge to the atmosphere any emissions from any HNR HRSG main stack at a new or existing HNR coke oven battery that exhibit emissions greater than the applicable limits in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section.
(a) Emissions of particulate matter from any HNR HRSG main stack at a new HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 8.8E-04 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen or any HNR HRSG main stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 0.0049 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen.
(b) Emissions of mercury from any HNR HRSG main stack at a new HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 1.5E-06 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen or any HNR HRSG main stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 3.0E-06 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen.
(c) Emissions of total acid gases from any HNR HRSG main stack at a new HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 0.0034 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen or any HNR HRSG main stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 0.049 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen.
(d) Emissions of total PAHs from any HNR HRSG main stack at a new HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 4.7E-07 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen or any HRSG main stack at existing HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 4.8E-07 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen.
§ 63.7298 What emission limitations must I meet for HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks?
You must not discharge to the atmosphere any emissions from any HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new or existing HNR coke oven battery that exhibit emissions greater than the applicable limits in paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section.
(a) Emissions of particulate matter from any HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 0.022 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen or any HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at an existing HNR coke battery that exceeds 0.032 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen.
(b) Emissions of mercury from any HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 8.6E-06 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen or any HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 1.2E-05 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen.
(c) Emissions of total acid gases from any HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 0.12 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen or any HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at an existing HNR coke battery that exceeds 0.095 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen.
(d) Emissions of total PAHs from any HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new or existing HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 2.7E-06 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen.
(e) Emissions of formaldehyde from any HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 1.8E-05 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen or any HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery that exceeds 0.0012 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen.
§ 63.7299 What opacity limitations must I meet for HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks?
The owner or operator shall observe the exhaust stack of each bypass or waste heat stacks once each week that exhaust is emitted through each stack continuously for more than an hour. The observation shall be made when exhaust is being emitted through the bypass or waste heat stack to determine if opacity, as a 6-minute average measured according to EPA Method 9 in appendix A-4 to 40 CFR part 60, exceeds 20 percent opacity. The owner or operator shall record the results of each observation. If a bypass event does not occur during a week or does not exceed one hour in duration, then no measurement is required for that week. If exhaust is emitted through any bypass or waste heat stack continuously for more than an hour during a week and no opacity measurement has been performed, the owner or operator shall record in the operating record the reason why conditions did not permit an opacity observation. If opacity greater than 20 percent opacity is observed during any weekly measurement, the owner or operator must:
(a) Take corrective action to reduce the emissions contributing to the opacity;
(b) Record the cause of opacity exceeding 20 percent and the corrective action taken; and
(c) Report opacity exceedances in any HNR HRSG bypass or HNR waste heat stacks in the quarterly semiannual compliance report required by § 63.7341.
Operation and Maintenance Requirements
§ 63.7300 What are my operation and maintenance requirements?
(a) As required by § 63.7310(a) you must always operate and maintain your affected source, including air pollution control and monitoring equipment, in a manner consistent with good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions at least to the levels required by this subpart.
(b) You must prepare and operate at all times according to a written operation and maintenance plan for the general operation and maintenance of new or existing by-product coke oven batteries. Each plan must address, at a minimum, the elements listed in paragraphs (b)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) Frequency and method of recording underfiring gas parameters.
(2) Frequency and method of recording battery operating temperature, including measurement of individual flue and cross-wall temperatures.
(3) Procedures to prevent pushing an oven before it is fully coked.
(4) Procedures to prevent overcharging and undercharging of ovens, including measurement of coal moisture, coal bulk density, and procedures for determining volume of coal charged.
(5) Frequency and procedures for inspecting flues, burners, and nozzles.
(6) Schedule and procedures for the daily washing of baffles.
(c) You must prepare and operate at all times according to a written operation and maintenance plan for each capture system and control device applied to pushing emissions from a new or existing coke oven battery. Each plan must address at a minimum the elements in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Monthly inspections of the equipment that are important to the performance of the total capture system (e.g., pressure sensors, dampers, and damper switches). This inspection must include observations of the physical appearance of the equipment (e.g., presence of holes in ductwork or hoods, flow constrictions caused by dents or accumulated dust in ductwork, and fan erosion). In the event a defect or deficiency is found in the capture system (during a monthly inspection or between inspections), you must complete repairs within 30 days after the date that the defect or deficiency is discovered. If you determine that the repairs cannot be completed within 30 days, you must submit a written request for an extension of time to complete the repairs that must be received by the permitting authority not more than 20 days after the date that the defect or deficiency is discovered. The request must contain a description of the defect or deficiency, the steps needed and taken to correct the problem, the interim steps being taken to mitigate the emissions impact of the defect or deficiency, and a proposed schedule for completing the repairs. The request shall be deemed approved unless and until such time as the permitting authority notifies you that it objects to the request. The permitting authority may consider all relevant factors in deciding whether to approve or deny the request (including feasibility and safety). Each approved schedule must provide for completion of repairs as expeditiously as practicable, and the permitting authority may request modifications to the proposed schedule as part of the approval process.
(2) Preventative maintenance for each control device, including a preventative maintenance schedule that is consistent with the manufacturer’s instructions for routine and long-term maintenance.
(3) Corrective action for all baghouses applied to pushing emissions. In the event a bag leak detection system alarm is triggered, you must initiate corrective action to determine the cause of the alarm within 1 hour of the alarm, initiate corrective action to correct the cause of the problem within 24 hours of the alarm, and complete the corrective action as soon as practicable. Actions may include, but are not limited to:
(i) Inspecting the baghouse for air leaks, torn or broken bags or filter media, or any other condition that may cause an increase in emissions.
(ii) Sealing off defective bags or filter media.
(iii) Replacing defective bags or filter media or otherwise repairing the control device.
(iv) Sealing off a defective baghouse compartment.
(v) Cleaning the bag leak detection system probe, or otherwise repairing the bag leak detection system.
(vi) Shutting down the process producing the particulate emissions.
(4) Beginning January 5, 2026, you must identify and implement a set of site-specific good combustion practices for each battery. These good combustion practices should correspond to your standard operating procedures for maintaining the proper and efficient combustion within battery waste heat flues. Good combustion practices include, but are not limited to, the elements listed in paragraphs (c)(4)(i) through (v) of this section.
(i) Proper operating conditions for each battery (e.g., minimum combustion temperature, burner alignment, or proper fuel-air distribution/mixing).
(ii) Routine inspection and preventative maintenance and corresponding schedules of each battery.
(iii) Performance analyses of each battery.
(iv) Maintaining applicable operator logs.
(v) Maintaining applicable records to document compliance with each element.
General Compliance Requirements
§ 63.7310 What are my general requirements for complying with this subpart?
(a) You must be in compliance with the emission limitations, work practice standards, and operation and maintenance requirements in this subpart at all times. At all times, you must operate and maintain any affected source, including associated air pollution control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. The general duty to minimize emissions does not require further efforts to reduce emissions if levels required by the applicable standard have been achieved. Determination of whether a source is operating in compliance with operation and maintenance requirements will be based on information available to the Administrator which may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and maintenance records, and inspection of the source.
(b) During the period between the compliance date specified for your affected source in § 63.7283 and the date upon which continuous monitoring systems have been installed and certified and any applicable operating limits have been set, you must maintain a log detailing the operation and maintenance of the process and emissions control equipment.
Initial Compliance Requirements
§ 63.7320 By what date must I conduct performance tests or other initial compliance demonstrations?
(a) As required in § 63.7(a)(2), you must conduct a performance test to demonstrate compliance with each limit in:
(1) Section 63.7290(a) through (e) for emissions of particulate matter, mercury, total acid gases, HCN, and total PAH from a control device applied to pushing emissions that applies to you within 180 calendar days after the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(2) Section 63.7296(c) through (f) for emissions of particulate matter, mercury, total acid gases, and HCN from a battery stack that applies to you within 180 calendar days after the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(3) Section 63.7297(a) through (d) for emissions of mercury, particulate matter, total acid gases, and total PAH from a HNR HRSG main stack that applies to you within 180 calendar days after the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(4) Section 63.7298(a) through (e) for emissions of mercury, particulate matter, total acid gases, total PAH, and formaldehyde from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack that applies to you within 180 calendar days after the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(b) You must conduct performance tests to demonstrate compliance with the TDS limit or constituent limit for quench water in § 63.7295(a)(1) and each opacity limit in § 63.7297(a) for a by-product coke oven battery stack by the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(c) For each work practice standard and operation and maintenance requirement that applies to you, you must demonstrate initial compliance within 30 calendar days after the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(d) If you commenced construction or reconstruction between July 3, 2001 and April 14, 2003, you must demonstrate initial compliance with either the proposed emission limit or the promulgated emission limit no later than October 14, 2003, or no later than 180 calendar days after startup of the source, whichever is later, according to § 63.7(a)(2)(ix).
(e) If you commenced construction or reconstruction between July 3, 2001 and April 14, 2003, and you chose to comply with the proposed emission limit when demonstrating initial compliance, you must conduct a second performance test to demonstrate compliance with the promulgated emission limit by October 11, 2006, or after startup of the source, whichever is later, according to § 63.7(a)(2)(ix).
§ 63.7321 When must I conduct subsequent performance tests?
(a) For each control device subject to an emission limit for particulate matter in § 63.7290(a), you must conduct subsequent performance tests no less frequently than once every 5 years or at the beginning of each term of your title V operating permit, whichever is less.
(b) For each source subject to emission limits in §§ 63.7290(b) through (d), 63.7296(c) through (f), 63.7297(a) through (d), and 63.7298(a) through (e) for capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions, battery stacks, HNR HRSG main stacks, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stacks sources, respectively, you must conduct subsequent performance tests once every five years.
§ 63.7322 What test methods and other procedures must I use to demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limits?
(a) You must conduct each performance test that applies to your affected source based on representative performance (i.e., performance based on the entire range of normal operating conditions) of the affected source for the period being tested, according to the requirements in paragraph (b) through (g) of this section. Representative conditions exclude periods of startup and shutdown. You shall not conduct performance tests during periods of malfunction. You must record the process information that is necessary to document operating conditions during the test and include in such record an explanation to support that such conditions represent the entire range of normal operation, including operational conditions for maximum emission if such emissions are not expected during maximum production. You shall make available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests.
(b) To determine compliance with the emission limit for particulate matter from a control device applied to pushing emissions where a cokeside shed is the capture system, battery stack, HNR HRSG main stack, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section. To determine compliance with a process-weighted mass rate of particulate matter (lb/ton of coke) from a control device applied to pushing emissions where a cokeside shed is not used, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Determine the concentration of particulate matter according to the following test methods in appendices A-1 through A-3 to 40 CFR part 60.
(i) Method 1 to select sampling port locations and the number of traverse points. Sampling sites must be located at the outlet of the control device and prior to any releases to the atmosphere.
(ii) Method 2, 2F, or 2G to determine the volumetric flow rate of the stack gas.
(iii) Method 3, 3A, or 3B to determine the dry molecular weight of the stack gas. You may also use as an alternative to Method 3B, the manual method (but not instrumental procedures) for measuring the oxygen, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide content of exhaust gas, ANSI/ASME PTC 19.10-1981 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14).
(iv) Method 4 to determine the moisture content of the stack gas.
(v) Method 5 or 5D, as applicable, to determine the concentration of filterable particulate matter in the stack gas.
(2) Collect a minimum sample volume of 30 dry standard cubic feet of gas during each test run. Three valid test runs are needed to comprise a performance test. During each particulate matter test run to meet the emission limitations in § 63.7290, sample only during periods of actual pushing when the capture system fan and control device are engaged. For capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions each run must start at the beginning of a push and finish at the end of a push (i.e., sample for an integral number of pushes).
(3) Determine the total combined weight in tons of coke pushed during the duration of each test run according to the procedures in your source test plan for calculating coke yield from the quantity of coal charged to an individual oven.
(4) Compute the process-weighted mass emissions (E
(c) To determine compliance with the emission limit for mercury from a control device applied to pushing emissions where a cokeside shed is the capture system, battery stack, HNR HRSG main stack, and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section. To determine compliance with a process-weighted mass rate of mercury (lb/ton of coke) from a control device applied to pushing emissions and battery stack, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Determine the concentration of mercury according to the following test methods.
(i) The methods specified in sections (b)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(ii) Method 29 in appendix A-8 to 40 CFR part 60, to determine the concentration of mercury in the stack gas. The voluntary consensus standard ASTM D6784-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) is an acceptable alternative to EPA Method 29 (portion for mercury only) as a method for measuring mercury, note: applies to concentrations approximately 0.5—100 µg/Nm3.
(2) Collect a minimum sample volume of 70 dry standard cubic feet of gas during each mercury test run. Three valid test runs are needed to comprise a performance test. During each mercury test run to meet the emission limitations in § 63.7290, sample only during periods of actual pushing when the capture system fan and control device are engaged. For capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions each run must start at the beginning of a push and finish at the end of a push (i.e., sample for an integral number of pushes).
(3) Determine the total combined weight in tons of coke pushed during the duration of each test run according to the procedures in your source test plan for calculating coke yield from the quantity of coal charged to an individual oven.
(4) Compute the process-weighted mass emissions (E
(d) To determine compliance with the emission limit for total acid gases from a HNR HRSG main stack and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this section. To determine compliance with a process-weighted mass rate of total acid gases (lb/ton of coke) from a control device applied to pushing emissions and battery stack, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Determine the concentration of total acid gases according to the following test methods.
(i) The methods specified in sections (b)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(ii) Methods 26 or 26A in appendix A-8 to 40 CFR part 60, or Method 320 in appendix A to this part, to determine the concentration of total acid gases in the stack gas. The voluntary consensus standard ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) is an acceptable alternative to Method 320 at this time with caveats requiring inclusion of selected annexes to the standard as mandatory. When using ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020), the following conditions must be met:
(A) The test plan preparation and implementation in the Annexes to ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020), Annexes A1 through A8 are mandatory; and
(B) In ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved2020) Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent (%) R must be determined for each target analyte (Equation A5.5).
(C) In order for the test data to be acceptable for a compound, % R must be greater than or equal to 70% and less than or equal to 130%. If the % R value does not meet this criterion for a target compound, the test data is not acceptable for that compound and the test must be repeated for that analyte (i.e., the sampling and/or analytical procedure should be adjusted before a retest). The % R value for each compound must be reported in the test report, and all field measurements must be corrected with the calculated % R value for that compound by using equation 3 to this paragraph (d)((1)(ii)(C):
(2) Collect a minimum sample volume of 35 dry standard cubic feet of gas during each test run for Method 26 and 26A in appendix A-8 to 40 CFR part 60. For Method 320 in appendix A to this part and ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14), each test run must be a minimum of one hour in duration. Three valid test runs are needed to comprise a performance test. During each total acid gases test run to meet the emission limitations in § 63.7290, sample only during periods of pushing when the capture system fan and control device are engaged. For capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions each run must start at the beginning of a push and finish at the end of a push (i.e., sample for an integral number of pushes).
(3) Determine the total combined weight in tons of coke pushed during the duration of each test run according to the procedures in your source test plan for calculating coke yield from the quantity of coal charged to an individual oven.
(4) Compute the process-weighted mass emissions (E
(e) To determine compliance with a process-weighted mass rate of hydrogen cyanide (lb/ton of coke) from a control device applied to pushing emissions and battery stack, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (e)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Determine the concentration of hydrogen cyanide according to the following test methods.
(i) The methods specified in sections (b)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(ii) Method 320 in appendix A to this part, to determine the concentration of hydrogen cyanide in the stack gas. The voluntary consensus standard ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) is an acceptable alternative to Method 320 at this time with caveats requiring inclusion of selected annexes to the standard as mandatory. When using ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020), the following conditions must be met:
(A) The test plan preparation and implementation in the Annexes to ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020), Annexes A1 through A8 are mandatory; and
(B) In ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent (%) R must be determined for each target analyte (Equation A5.5).
(C) In order for the test data to be acceptable for a compound, % R must be greater than or equal to 70% and less than or equal to 130%. If the % R value does not meet this criterion for a target compound, the test data is not acceptable for that compound and the test must be repeated for that analyte (i.e., the sampling and/or analytical procedure should be adjusted before a retest). The % R value for each compound must be reported in the test report, and all field measurements must be corrected with the calculated % R value for that compound by using equation 5 to this paragraph (e)(1)(ii)(C):
(2) Collect a minimum of eight spectra for each of six runs (or hours) evenly spaced over the test period for Method 320 in appendix A to this part or alternatively ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14). Three valid test runs are needed to comprise a performance test. During each hydrogen cyanide test run to meet the emission limitations in § 63.7290, sample only during periods of actual pushing when the capture system fan and control device are engaged. For capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions each run must start at the beginning of a push and finish at the end of a push (i.e., sample for an integral number of pushes).
(3) Determine the total combined weight in tons of coke pushed during the duration of each test run according to the procedures in your source test plan for calculating coke yield from the quantity of coal charged to an individual oven.
(4) Compute the process-weighted mass emissions (E
(f) To determine compliance with the emission limit for total PAH from a HNR HRSG main stack and HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this section. To determine compliance with a process-weighted mass rate of total PAH (lb/ton of coke) from a control device applied to pushing emissions, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (f)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Determine the concentration of total PAH, the sum of 17 PAH compounds listed at § 63.7290(e), according to the following test methods.
(i) The methods specified in sections (b)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(ii) Method 23 in appendix A-7 to 40 CFR part 60, to determine the concentration of total PAH in the stack gas.
(2) Collect a minimum sample volume of 105 dry standard cubic feet of gas during each test run for total PAH. Three valid test runs are needed to comprise a performance test. During each total PAH test run to meet the emission limitations in § 63.7290, sample only during periods of actual pushing when the capture system fan and control device are engaged. For capture systems and control devices applied to pushing emissions each run must start at the beginning of a push and finish at the end of a push (i.e., sample for an integral number of pushes). When calculating total PAH, the estimated level of detection (EDL) shall be used for each PAH measured below the EDL.
(3) Determine the total combined weight in tons of coke pushed during the duration of each test run according to the procedures in your source test plan for calculating coke yield from the quantity of coal charged to an individual oven.
(4) Compute the process-weighted mass emissions (E
(g) To determine compliance with the emission limit for formaldehyde from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (h)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Determine the concentration of formaldehyde according to the following test methods.
(i) The methods specified in sections (b)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(ii) Method 316 or Method 320 in appendix A to this part, to determine the concentration of formaldehyde in the stack gas. The voluntary consensus standard ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) is an acceptable alternative to Method 320 at this time with caveats requiring inclusion of selected annexes to the standard as mandatory. When using ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020), the following conditions must be met:
(A) The test plan preparation and implementation in the Annexes to ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020), Annexes A1 through A8 are mandatory; and
(B) In ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) Annex A5 (Analyte Spiking Technique), the percent (%) R must be determined for each target analyte (Equation A5.5).
(C) In order for the test data to be acceptable for a compound, % R must be greater than or equal to 70% and less than or equal to 130%. If the % R value does not meet this criterion for a target compound, the test data is not acceptable for that compound and the test must be repeated for that analyte (i.e., the sampling and/or analytical procedure should be adjusted before a retest). The % R value for each compound must be reported in the test report, and all field measurements must be corrected with the calculated % R value for that compound by using equation 8 to this paragraph (g)(1)(ii)(C):
(2) Sample time should ensure that minimum quantification levels have been met under the methods used during each test run, for Method 320 in appendix A to this part or ASTM D6348-12 (Reapproved 2020) (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14), each test run must be at least one hour in duration. Three valid test runs are needed to comprise a performance test.
§ 63.7323 What procedures must I use to establish operating limits?
(a) For a venturi scrubber applied to pushing emissions from a coke oven battery, you must establish site-specific operating limits for pressure drop and scrubber water flow rate according to the procedures in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Using the continuous parameter monitoring systems (CPMS) required in § 63.7330(b), measure and record the pressure drop and scrubber water flow rate for each particulate matter test run during periods of pushing. A minimum of one pressure drop measurement and one scrubber water flow rate measurement must be obtained for each push.
(2) Compute and record the average pressure drop and scrubber water flow rate for each test run. Your operating limits are the lowest average pressure drop and scrubber water flow rate values recorded during any of the three runs that meet the applicable emission limit.
(b) For a hot water scrubber applied to pushing emissions from a coke oven battery, you must establish site-specific operating limits for water pressure and water temperature according to the procedures in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Using the CPMS required in § 63.7330(c), measure and record the hot water pressure and temperature for each particulate matter test run during periods of pushing. A minimum of one pressure measurement and one temperature measurement must be made just prior to each push by monitoring the hot water holding tank on the mobile scrubber car.
(2) Compute and record the average water pressure and temperature for each test run. Your operating limits are the lowest pressure and temperature values recorded during any of the three runs that meet the applicable emission limit.
(c) For a capture system applied to pushing emissions from a coke oven battery, you must establish a site-specific operating limit according to the procedures in paragraphs (c)(1), (2), or (3) of this section.
(1) If you elect the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(3) for volumetric flow rate, measure and record the total volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the control device during each push sampled for each particulate matter test run. Your operating limit is the lowest volumetric flow rate recorded during any of the three runs that meet the emission limit.
(2) If you elect the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(3)(i) for fan motor amperes, measure and record the fan motor amperes during each push sampled for each particulate matter test run. Your operating limit is the lowest fan motor amperes recorded during any of the three runs that meet the emission limit.
(3) If you elect the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(3)(ii) for static pressure or fan RPM, measure and record the static pressure at the inlet of the control device or fan RPM during each push sampled for each particulate matter test run. Your operating limit for static pressure is the minimum vacuum recorded during any of the three runs that meets the emission limit. Your operating limit for fan RPM is the lowest fan RPM recorded during any of the three runs that meets the emission limit.
(d) For a multicyclone applied to pushing emissions from a coke oven battery, you must establish a site-specific operating limit for pressure drop according to the procedures in paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Using the CPMS required in § 63.7330(f), measure and record the pressure drop for each particulate matter test run during periods of pushing. A minimum of one pressure drop measurement must be obtained for each push.
(2) Compute and record the average pressure drop for each test run. Your operating limit is the highest average pressure drop value recorded during any of the three runs that meet the emission limit.
(e) You may change the operating limit for a venturi scrubber, capture system, or mobile control device that captures emissions during pushing if you meet the requirements in paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Submit a written notification to the Administrator of your request to conduct a new performance test to revise the operating limit.
(2) Conduct a performance test to demonstrate that emissions of particulate matter from the control device do not exceed the applicable limit in § 63.7290(a).
(3) Establish revised operating limits according to the applicable procedures in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section.
§ 63.7324 What procedures must I use to demonstrate initial compliance with the opacity limits?
(a) You must conduct each performance test that applies to your affected source based on representative performance (i.e., performance based on the entire range of normal operating conditions) of the affected source for the period being tested, according to the requirements in paragraph (b) of this section. Representative conditions exclude periods of startup and shutdown. You shall not conduct performance tests during periods of malfunction. You must record the process information that is necessary to document operating conditions during the test and include in such record an explanation to support that such conditions represent the entire range of normal operation, including operational conditions for maximum emissions if such emissions are not expected during maximum production. You shall make available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests.
(b) To determine compliance with the daily average opacity limit for stacks of 15 percent for a by-product coke oven battery on a normal coking cycle or 20 percent for a by-product coke oven battery on batterywide extended coking, follow the test methods and procedures in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Using the continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS) required in § 63.7330(e), measure and record the opacity of emissions from each battery stack for a 24-hour period.
(2) Reduce the monitoring data to hourly averages as specified in § 63.8(g)(2).
(3) Compute and record the 24-hour (daily) average of the COMS data.
§ 63.7325 What test methods and other procedures must I use to demonstrate initial compliance with the TDS or constituent limits for quench water?
(a) If you elect the TDS limit for quench water in § 63.7295(a)(1)(i), you must conduct each performance test that applies to your affected source based on representative performance (i.e., performance based on the entire range of normal operating conditions) of the affected source for the period being tested, according to the conditions in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section. Representative conditions exclude periods of startup and shutdown. You shall not conduct performance tests during periods of malfunction. You must record the process information that is necessary to document operating conditions during the test and include in such record an explanation to support that such conditions represent the entire range of normal operation, including operational conditions for maximum emissions if such emissions are not expected during maximum production. You shall make available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of performance tests.
(1) Take the quench water sample from a location that provides a representative sample of the quench water as applied to the coke (e.g., from the header that feeds water to the quench tower reservoirs). Conduct sampling under normal and representative operating conditions.
(2) Determine the TDS concentration of the sample using Method 160.1 in 40 CFR part 136.3 (see “residue—filterable”), except that you must dry the total filterable residue at 103 to 105 °C (degrees Centigrade) instead of 180 °C.
(b) If at any time you elect to meet the alternative requirements for quench water in § 63.7295(a)(1)(ii), you must establish a site-specific constituent limit according to the procedures in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Take a minimum of nine quench water samples from a location that provides a representative sample of the quench water as applied to the coke (e.g., from the header that feeds water to the quench tower reservoirs). Conduct sampling under normal and representative operating conditions.
(2) For each sample, determine the TDS concentration according to the requirements in paragraph (a)(2) of this section and the concentration of benzene, benzo(a)pyrene, and naphthalene using the applicable methods in 40 CFR part 136 or an approved alternative method.
(3) Determine and record the highest sum of the concentrations of benzene, benzo(a)pyrene, and naphthalene in any sample that has a TDS concentration less than or equal to the TDS limit of 1,100 mg/L. This concentration is the site-specific constituent limit.
(4) Submit the site-specific limit, sampling results, and all supporting data and calculations to your permitting authority for review and approval.
(c) If you elect the constituent limit for quench water in § 63.7295(a)(1)(ii), you must conduct each performance test that applies to your affected source according to the conditions in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Take a quench water sample from a location that provides a representative sample of the quench water as applied to the coke (e.g., from the header that feeds water to the quench tower reservoirs). Conduct sampling under normal and representative operating conditions.
(2) Determine the sum of the concentration of benzene, benzo(a)pyrene, and naphthalene in the sample using the applicable methods in 40 CFR part 136 or an approved alternative method.
§ 63.7326 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limitations that apply to me?
(a) For each coke oven battery subject to the emission limits from a control device applied to pushing emissions, you have demonstrated initial compliance if you meet the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (9) of this section that apply to you.
(1) The concentration of particulate matter, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(b)(1) and (2), did not exceed 0.01 gr/dscf for a control device where a cokeside shed is used to capture pushing emissions or the process-weighted mass rate of particulate matter (lb/ton of coke), measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(b)(1) through (4), did not exceed:
(i) 0.02 lb/ton of coke if a moveable hood vented to a stationary control device is used to capture emissions;
(ii) If a mobile scrubber car that does not capture emissions during travel is used, 0.03 lb/ton of coke from a control device applied to pushing emissions from a short coke oven battery or 0.01 lb/ton of coke from a control device applied to pushing emissions from a tall coke oven battery; and
(iii) 0.04 lb/ton of coke if a mobile control device that captures emissions during travel is used.
(2) The process-weighted mass rate of mercury (lb/ton of coke), measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(c)(1) through (4), did not exceed 3.4E-07 lb/ton coke for pushing emissions from a new coke oven battery or 8.9E-07 lb/ton coke for pushing emissions from an existing coke oven battery.
(3) The process-weighted mass rate of total acid gases, the sum of hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid (lb/ton of coke), measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(d)(1) through (4), did not exceed 5.1E-04 lb/ton coke for pushing emissions from a new coke oven battery or 0.0052 lb/ton coke for pushing emissions from an existing coke oven battery.
(4) The process-weighted mass rate of hydrogen cyanide (lb/ton of coke), measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(e)(1) through (4), did not exceed 3.8E-05 lb/ton coke for pushing emissions from a new coke oven battery or 0.0011 lb/ton coke for pushing emissions from an existing coke oven battery.
(5) The process-weighted mass rate of total PAH (lb/ton of coke), measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(f)(1) through (4), did not exceed 1.4E-05 lb/ton coke for pushing emissions from a new coke oven battery or 3.4E-04 lb/ton coke for pushing emissions from an existing coke oven battery.
(6) For each venturi scrubber applied to pushing emissions, you have established appropriate site-specific operating limits and have a record of the pressure drop and scrubber water flow rate measured during the performance test in accordance with § 63.7323(a).
(7) For each hot water scrubber applied to pushing emissions, you have established appropriate site-specific operating limits and have a record of the water pressure and temperature measured during the performance test in accordance with § 63.7323(b).
(8) For each capture system applied to pushing emissions, you have established an appropriate site-specific operating limit, and:
(i) If you elect the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(3) for volumetric flow rate, you have a record of the total volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the control device measured during the performance test in accordance with § 63.7323(c)(1); or
(ii) If you elect the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(3)(i) for fan motor amperes, you have a record of the fan motor amperes during the performance test in accordance with § 63.7323(c)(2); or
(iii) If you elect the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(3)(ii) for static pressure or fan RPM, you have a record of the static pressure at the inlet of the control device or fan RPM measured during the performance test in accordance with § 63.7323(c)(3).
(9) For each multicyclone applied to pushing emissions, you have established an appropriate site-specific operating limit and have a record of the pressure drop measured during the performance test in accordance with § 63.7323(d).
(b) For each new or existing by-product coke oven battery subject to the emission limits in § 63.7296, you have demonstrated initial compliance if you meet the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) The opacity limit for stacks in § 63.7296(a), you have demonstrated initial compliance if the daily average opacity, as measured according to the performance test procedures in § 63.7324(b), is no more than 15 percent for a battery on a normal coking cycle or 20 percent for a battery on batterywide extended coking.
(2) The concentration of particulate matter, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(b)(1) and (2), did not exceed 0.013 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a battery stack at a new by-product coke oven battery or 0.13 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a battery stack at an existing by-product coke oven battery.
(3) The process-weighted mass rate of mercury (lb/ton of coke), measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(c)(1) through (4), did not exceed 7.1E-06 lb/ton coke from a battery stack at a new by-product coke oven battery or 4.5E-05 lb/ton coke from a battery stack at an existing by-product coke oven battery.
(4) The process-weighted mass rate of total acid gases (lb/ton of coke), measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(d)(1) through (4), did not exceed 0.013 lb/ton coke from a battery stack at a new by-product coke oven battery or 0.16 lb/ton coke from a battery stack at an existing by-product coke oven battery.
(5) The process-weighted mass rate of hydrogen cyanide (lb/ton of coke), measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(e)(1) through (4), did not exceed 7.4E-04 lb/ton coke from a battery stack at a new by-product coke oven battery or 0.032 lb/ton coke from a battery stack at an existing by-product coke oven battery.
(c) For each new or existing by-product coke oven battery subject to the TDS limit or constituent limits for quench water in § 63.7295(a)(1),
(1) You have demonstrated initial compliance with the TDS limit in § 63.7295(a)(1)(i) if the TDS concentration, as measured according to the performance test procedures in § 63.7325(a), does not exceed 1,100 mg/L.
(2) You have demonstrated initial compliance with the constituent limit in § 63.7295(a)(1)(ii) if:
(i) You have established a site-specific constituent limit according to the procedures in § 63.7325(b); and
(ii) The sum of the constituent concentrations, as measured according to the performance test procedures in § 63.7325(c), is less than or equal to the site-specific limit.
(d) For each new or existing HNR HRSG main stack subject to the emission limits in § 63.7297, you have demonstrated initial compliance if you meet the requirements in paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The concentration of particulate matter, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(b)(1) and (2), did not exceed 8.8E-04 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG main stack at a new HNR coke battery or 0.0049 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen at a HNR HRSG main stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery.
(2) The concentration of mercury, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(c)(1) and (2), did not exceed 1.5E-06 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG main stack at a new HNR coke battery or 3.0E-06 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen at a HNR HRSG main stack at an existing HNR HRSG.
(3) The concentration of total acid gases, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(d)(1) and (2), did not exceed 3.4E-03 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG main stack at a new coke oven battery or 4.9E-02 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen at a HNR HRSG main stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery.
(4) The concentration of total PAHs, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(f)(1) and (2), did not exceed 4.7E-07 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG main stack at a new coke oven battery or 4.8E-07 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen at a HNR HRSG main stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery.
(e) For each HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack through which emissions are discharged from a new or existing coke oven battery subject to the emission limits in § 63.7298, you have demonstrated initial compliance if you meet the requirements in paragraphs (e)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) The concentration of particulate matter, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(b)(1) and (2), did not exceed 0.022 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new HNR coke oven battery or 0.032 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery.
(2) The concentration of mercury, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(c)(1) and (2), did not exceed 8.6E-06 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new HNR coke oven battery or 1.2E-05 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at an existing HNR coke battery.
(3) The concentration of total acid gases, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(d)(1) and (2), did not exceed 0.12 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new HNR coke oven battery or 0.095 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery.
(4) The concentration of total PAHs, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(f)(1) and (2), did not exceed 2.7E-06 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new coke oven battery or existing HNR coke oven battery.
(5) The concentration of formaldehyde, measured in accordance with the performance test procedures in § 63.7322(g)(1) and (2), did not exceed 1.8E-05 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at a new HNR coke oven battery or 0.0012 gr/dscf at 10 percent oxygen from a HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack at an existing HNR coke oven battery.
(f) For each by-product coke oven battery stack subject to an opacity limit in § 63.7296(a) and each by-product coke oven battery subject to the requirements for quench water in § 63.7295(a)(1), you must submit a notification of compliance status containing the results of the COMS performance test for battery stacks and the quench water performance test (TDS or constituent limit) according to § 63.7340(e)(1). For each particulate matter, mercury, total acid gases, hydrogen cyanide, total PAHs, or formaldehyde emission limitation that applies to you, you must submit a notification of compliance status containing a summary of the results of the performance test according to § 63.7340(e)(2).
§ 63.7327 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the work practice standards that apply to me?
(a) For each by-product coke oven battery with vertical flues subject to the work practice standards for fugitive pushing emissions in § 63.7291(a), you have demonstrated initial compliance if you certify in your notification of compliance status that you will meet each of the work practice requirements beginning no later than the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(b) For each by-product coke oven battery with horizontal flues subject to the work practice standards for fugitive pushing emissions in § 63.7292(a), you have demonstrated initial compliance if you have met the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section:
(1) You have prepared and submitted a written plan and supporting documentation establishing appropriate minimum flue temperatures for different coking times and the lowest acceptable temperature to the Administrator (or delegated authority) for review and approval; and
(2) You certify in your notification of compliance status that you will meet each of the work practice requirements beginning no later than the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(c) For each nonrecovery coke oven battery subject to the work practice standards for fugitive pushing emissions in § 63.7293(a), you have demonstrated initial compliance if you certify in your notification of compliance status that you will meet each of the work practice requirements beginning no later than the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(d) For each by-product coke oven battery subject to the work practice standards for soaking in § 63.7294, you have demonstrated initial compliance if you have met the requirements of paragraphs (d)(1) and (2) of this section:
(1) You have prepared and submitted a written work practice plan in accordance with § 63.7294(a); and
(2) You certify in your notification of compliance status that you will meet each of the work practice requirements beginning no later than the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(e) For each coke oven battery, you have demonstrated initial compliance with the work practice standards for quenching in § 63.7295(b) if you certify in your notification of compliance status that you have met the requirements of paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) of this section:
(1) You have installed the required equipment in each quench tower; and
(2) You will meet each of the work practice requirements beginning no later than the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283.
(f) For each work practice standard that applies to you, you must submit a notification of compliance status according to the requirements in § 63.7340(e)(1).
§ 63.7328 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the operation and maintenance requirements that apply to me?
You have demonstrated initial compliance if you certify in your notification of compliance status that you have met the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section:
(a) You have prepared the operation and maintenance plans according to the requirements in § 63.7300(b) and (c);
(b) You will operate each by-product coke oven battery and each capture system and control device applied to pushing emissions from a coke oven battery according to the procedures in the plans beginning no later than the compliance date that is specified in § 63.7283;
(c) You have prepared a site-specific monitoring plan according to the requirements in § 63.7331(b); and
(d) You submit a notification of compliance status according to the requirements in § 63.7340(e).
Continuous Compliance Requirements
§ 63.7330 What are my monitoring requirements?
(a) For each baghouse applied to pushing emissions from a coke oven battery, you must at all times monitor the relative change in particulate matter loadings using a bag leak detection system according to the requirements in § 63.7331(a) and conduct inspections at their specified frequency according to the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (8) of this section.
(1) Monitor the pressure drop across each baghouse cell each day to ensure pressure drop is within the normal operating range identified in the manual;
(2) Confirm that dust is being removed from hoppers through weekly visual inspections or equivalent means of ensuring the proper functioning of removal mechanisms;
(3) Check the compressed air supply for pulse-jet baghouses each day;
(4) Monitor cleaning cycles to ensure proper operation using an appropriate methodology;
(5) Check bag cleaning mechanisms for proper functioning through monthly visual inspection or equivalent means;
(6) Make monthly visual checks of bag tension on reverse air and shaker-type baghouses to ensure that bags are not kinked (kneed or bent) or laying on their sides. You do not have to make this check for shaker-type baghouses using self-tensioning (spring-loaded) devices;
(7) Confirm the physical integrity of the baghouse through quarterly visual inspections of the baghouse interior for air leaks; and
(8) Inspect fans for wear, material buildup, and corrosion through quarterly visual inspections, vibration detectors, or equivalent means.
(b) For each venturi scrubber applied to pushing emissions, you must at all times monitor the pressure drop and water flow rate using a CPMS according to the requirements in § 63.7331(e).
(c) For each hot water scrubber applied to pushing emissions, you must at all times monitor the water pressure and temperature using a CPMS according to the requirements in § 63.7331(f).
(d) For each capture system applied to pushing emissions, you must at all times monitor the volumetric flow rate according to the requirements in § 63.7331(g), the fan motor amperes according to the requirements in § 63.7331(h), or the static pressure or the fan RPM according to the requirements in § 63.7331(i).
(e) For each by-product coke oven battery, you must monitor at all times the opacity of emissions exiting each stack using a COMS according to the requirements in § 63.7331(j).
(f) For each multicyclone applied to pushing emissions, you must monitor at all times the pressure drop using a CPMS according to the requirements in § 63.7331(k).
§ 63.7331 What are the installation, operation, and maintenance requirements for my monitors?
(a) For each baghouse applied to pushing emissions, you must install, operate, and maintain each bag leak detection system according to the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (7) of this section.
(1) The system must be certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting emissions of particulate matter at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter (0.0044 grains per actual cubic foot) or less;
(2) The system must provide output of relative changes in particulate matter loadings;
(3) The system must be equipped with an alarm that will sound when an increase in relative particulate loadings is detected over a preset level. The alarm must be located such that it can be heard by the appropriate plant personnel;
(4) Each system that works based on the triboelectric effect must be installed, operated, and maintained in a manner consistent with the guidance document, “Fabric Filter Bag Leak Detection Guidance” (EPA-454/R-98-015, September 1997). You may install, operate, and maintain other types of bag leak detection systems in a manner consistent with the manufacturer’s written specifications and recommendations;
(5) To make the initial adjustment of the system, establish the baseline output by adjusting the sensitivity (range) and the averaging period of the device. Then, establish the alarm set points and the alarm delay time;
(6) Following the initial adjustment, do not adjust the sensitivity or range, averaging period, alarm set points, or alarm delay time, except as detailed in your operation and maintenance plan. Do not increase the sensitivity by more than 100 percent or decrease the sensitivity by more than 50 percent over a 365-day period unless a responsible official certifies, in writing, that the baghouse has been inspected and found to be in good operating condition; and
(7) Where multiple detectors are required, the system’s instrumentation and alarm may be shared among detectors.
(b) For each CPMS required in § 63.7330, you must develop and make available for inspection upon request by the permitting authority a site-specific monitoring plan that addresses the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) Installation of the CPMS sampling probe or other interface at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit such that the measurement is representative of control of the exhaust emissions (e.g., on or downstream of the last control device);
(2) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample interface, the parametric signal analyzer, and the data collection and reduction system;
(3) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria (e.g., calibrations);
(4) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.8(c)(1)(ii), (3), (4)(ii), (7), and (8);
(5) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of §§ 63.8(d)(1) and (2) and 63.7342(b)(3); and
(6) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance the general requirements of § 63.10(c)(1) through (14) and (e)(1) and (2)(i).
(c) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each CPMS in accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan.
(d) You must operate and maintain the CPMS in continuous operation according to the site-specific monitoring plan.
(e) For each venturi scrubber applied to pushing emissions, you must install, operate, and maintain CPMS to measure and record the pressure drop across the scrubber and scrubber water flow rate during each push according to the requirements in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section except as specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Each CPMS must complete a measurement at least once per push;
(2) Each CPMS must produce valid data for all pushes; and
(3) Each CPMS must determine and record the daily (24-hour) average of all recorded readings.
(f) For each hot water scrubber applied to pushing emissions, you must install, operate, and maintain CPMS to measure and record the water pressure and temperature during each push according to the requirements in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section, except as specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section.
(g) If you elect the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(3) for a capture system applied to pushing emissions, you must install, operate, and maintain a device to measure the total volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the control device.
(h) If you elect the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(3)(i) for a capture system applied to pushing emissions, you must install, operate, and maintain a device to measure the fan motor amperes.
(i) If you elect the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(3)(ii) for a capture system applied to pushing emissions, you must install, operate and maintain a device to measure static pressure at the inlet of the control device or the fan RPM.
(j) For each by-product coke oven battery, you must install, operate, and maintain a COMS to measure and record the opacity of emissions exiting each stack according to the requirements in paragraphs (j)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) You must install, operate, and maintain each COMS according to the requirements in § 63.8(e) and Performance Specification 1 in 40 CFR part 60, appendix B. Identify periods the COMS is out-of-control, including any periods that the COMS fails to pass a daily calibration drift assessment, quarterly performance audit, or annual zero alignment audit.
(2) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each COMS according to the requirements in § 63.8 and Performance Specification 1 in appendix B to 40 CFR part 60;
(3) You must develop and implement a quality control program for operating and maintaining each COMS according to the requirements in § 63.8(d). At minimum, the quality control program must include a daily calibration drift assessment, quarterly performance audit, and an annual zero alignment audit of each COMS;
(4) Each COMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of sampling and analyzing for each successive 10-second period and one cycle of data recording for each successive 6-minute period. You must reduce the COMS data as specified in § 63.8(g)(2).
(5) You must determine and record the hourly and daily (24-hour) average opacity according to the procedures in § 63.7324(b) using all the 6-minute averages collected for periods during which the COMS is not out-of-control.
(k) For each multicyclone applied to pushing emissions, you must install, operate, and maintain CPMS to measure and record the pressure drop across each multicyclone during each push according to the requirements in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section except as specified in paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section.
§ 63.7332 How do I monitor and collect data to demonstrate continuous compliance?
(a) Except for monitor malfunctions, associated repairs, and required quality assurance or control activities (including as applicable, calibration checks and required zero and span adjustments), you must monitor continuously (or collect data at all required intervals) at all times the affected source is operating.
(b) You may not use data recorded during monitoring malfunctions, associated repairs, and required quality assurance or control activities in data averages and calculations used to report emission or operating levels, or in fulfilling a minimum data availability requirement, if applicable. You must use all the data collected during all other periods in assessing compliance. A monitoring malfunction is any sudden, infrequent, not reasonably preventable failure of the monitor to provide valid data. Monitoring failures that are caused in part by poor maintenance or careless operation are not malfunctions.
§ 63.7333 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the emission limitations that apply to me?
(a) For each control device applied to pushing emissions and subject to the emission limit in § 63.7290(a), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section:
(1) Maintaining emissions of particulate matter at or below the applicable limits in paragraphs § 63.7290(a)(1) through (4); and
(2) Conducting subsequent performance tests to demonstrate continuous compliance no less frequently than at the beginning of your title V operating permit or every 5 years, whichever is less.
(b) For each control device applied to pushing emissions and subject to the emission limits in § 63.7290(b) through (e), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) through (5) of this section:
(1) Maintaining emissions of mercury at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7290(b);
(2) Maintaining emissions of total acid gases at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7290(c);
(3) Maintaining emissions of hydrogen cyanide at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7290(d);
(4) Maintaining emissions of total PAHs at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7290(e); and
(5) Conducting subsequent performance tests to demonstrate continuous compliance once every five years.
(c) For each venturi scrubber applied to pushing emissions and subject to the operating limits in § 63.7290(f)(1), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Maintaining the daily average pressure drop and scrubber water flow rate at levels no lower than those established during the initial or subsequent performance test.
(2) Operating and maintaining each CPMS according to § 63.7331(b) and recording all information needed to document conformance with these requirements.
(3) Collecting and reducing monitoring data for pressure drop and scrubber water flow rate according to § 63.7331(e)(1) through (3).
(d) For each hot water scrubber applied to pushing emissions and subject to the operating limits in § 63.7290(f)(2), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (d)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Maintaining the daily average water pressure and temperature at levels no lower than those established during the initial or subsequent performance test.
(2) Operating and maintaining each CPMS according to § 63.7331(b) and recording all information needed to document conformance with these requirements.
(3) Collecting and reducing monitoring data for water pressure and temperature according to § 63.7331(f).
(e) For each capture system applied to pushing emissions and subject to the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(3), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by meeting the requirements in paragraph (e)(1), (2), or (3) of this section:
(1) If you elect the operating limit for volumetric flow rate in § 63.7290(f)(3):
(i) Maintaining the daily average volumetric flow rate at the inlet of the control device at or above the minimum level established during the initial or subsequent performance test; and
(ii) Checking the volumetric flow rate at least every 8 hours to verify the daily average is at or above the minimum level established during the initial or subsequent performance test and recording the results of each check.
(2) If you elect the operating limit for fan motor amperes in § 63.7290(f)(3)(i):
(i) Maintaining the daily average fan motor amperages at or above the minimum level established during the initial or subsequent performance test; and
(ii) Checking the fan motor amperage at least every 8 hours to verify the daily average is at or above the minimum level established during the initial or subsequent performance test and recording the results of each check.
(3) If you elect the operating limit for static pressure or fan RPM in § 63.7290(f)(3)(ii):
(i) Maintaining the daily average static pressure at the inlet to the control device at an equal or greater vacuum than established during the initial or subsequent performance test or the daily average fan RPM at or above the minimum level established during the initial or subsequent performance test; and
(ii) Checking the static pressure or fan RPM at least every 8 hours to verify the daily average static pressure at the inlet to the control device is at an equal or greater vacuum than established during the initial or subsequent performance test or the daily average fan RPM is at or above the minimum level established during the initial or subsequent performance test and recording the results of each check.
(f) Beginning on the first day compliance is required under § 63.7283, you must demonstrate continuous compliance for each by-product coke oven battery subject to the opacity limit for battery stacks in § 63.7296(a) by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (f)(1) and (2) of this section:
(1) Maintaining the daily average opacity at or below 15 percent for a battery on a normal coking cycle or 20 percent for a battery on batterywide extended coking; and
(2) Operating and maintaining a COMS and collecting and reducing the COMS data according to § 63.7331(j).
(g) For each battery stack subject to the emission limits in § 63.7296(c) through (f), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (5) of this section:
(1) Maintaining emissions of particulate matter at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7296(c);
(2) Maintaining emissions of mercury at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7296(d);
(3) Maintaining emissions of total acid gases at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7296(e);
(4) Maintaining emissions of hydrogen cyanide at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7296(f); and
(5) Conducting subsequent performance tests to demonstrate continuous compliance once every five years.
(h) Beginning on the first day compliance is required under § 63.7283, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the TDS limit for quenching in § 63.7295(a)(1)(i) by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (h)(1) and (2) of this section:
(1) Maintaining the TDS content of the water used to quench hot coke at 1,100 mg/L or less; and
(2) Determining the TDS content of the quench water at least weekly according to the requirements in § 63.7325(a) and recording the sample results.
(i) Beginning on the first day compliance is required under § 63.7283, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the constituent limit for quenching in § 63.7295(a)(1)(ii) by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (i)(1) and (2) of this section:
(1) Maintaining the sum of the concentrations of benzene, benzo(a)pyrene, and naphthalene in the water used to quench hot coke at levels less than or equal to the site-specific limit approved by the permitting authority; and
(2) Determining the sum of the constituent concentrations at least monthly according to the requirements in § 63.7325(c) and recording the sample results.
(j) For each multicyclone applied to pushing emissions and subject to the operating limit in § 63.7290(f)(4), you must demonstrate compliance by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (j)(1) through (3) of this section.
(1) Maintaining the daily average pressure drop at a level at or below the level established during the initial or subsequent performance test.
(2) Operating and maintaining each CPMS according to § 63.7331(k) and recording all information needed to document conformance with these requirements.
(3) Collecting and reducing monitoring data for pressure drop according to § 63.7331(e)(1) through (3).
(k) For each HNR HRSG main stack subject to the emission limits in § 63.7297(a) through (d), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (k)(1) through (5) of this section:
(1) Maintaining emissions of particulate matter at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7297(a);
(2) Maintaining emissions of mercury at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7297(b);
(3) Maintaining emissions of total acid gases at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7297(c);
(4) Maintaining emissions of total PAHs at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7297(d); and
(5) Conducting subsequent performance tests to demonstrate continuous compliance once every five years.
(l) For each HNR HRSG bypass/waste heat stack subject to the emission limits in § 63.7298(a) through (e), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by meeting the requirements in paragraphs (l)(1) through (6) of this section:
(1) Maintaining emissions of particulate matter at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7298(a);
(2) Maintaining emissions of mercury at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7298(b);
(3) Maintaining emissions of total acid gases at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7298(c);
(4) Maintaining emissions of total PAHs at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7298(d);
(5) Maintaining emissions of total formaldehyde at or below the applicable limits in § 63.7298(e); and
(6) Conducting subsequent performance tests to demonstrate continuous compliance once every five years.
§ 63.7334 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the work practice standards that apply to me?
(a) For each by-product coke oven battery with vertical flues subject to the work practice standards for fugitive pushing emissions in § 63.7291(a), you must demonstrate continuous compliance according to the requirements of paragraphs (a)(1) through (8) of this section:
(1) Observe and record the opacity of fugitive emissions for four consecutive pushes per operating day, except you may make fewer or non-consecutive observations as permitted by § 63.7291(a)(3). Maintain records of the pushing schedule for each oven and records indicating the legitimate operational reason for any change in the pushing schedule according to § 63.7291(a)(4).
(2) Observe and record the opacity of fugitive emissions from each oven in a battery at least once every 90 days. If an oven cannot be observed during a 90-day period, observe and record the opacity of the first push of that oven following the close of the 90-day period that can be read in accordance with the procedures in paragraphs (a)(1) through (8) of this section.
(3) Make all observations and calculations for opacity observations of fugitive pushing emissions in accordance with Method 9 in appendix A-4 to 40 CFR part 60 using a Method 9 certified observer unless you have an approved alternative procedure under paragraph (a)(7) of this section. Alternatively, ASTM D7520-16, (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) may be used with the following conditions:
(i) During the digital camera opacity technique (DCOT) certification procedure outlined in section 9.2 of ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14), the owner or operator or the DCOT vendor must present the plumes in front of various backgrounds of color and contrast representing conditions anticipated during field use such as blue sky, trees, and mixed backgrounds (clouds and/or a sparse tree stand).
(ii) The owner or operator must also have standard operating procedures in place including daily or other frequency quality checks to ensure the equipment is within manufacturing specifications as outlined in section 8.1 of ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14).
(iii) The owner or operator must follow the recordkeeping procedures outlined in § 63.10(b)(1) for the DCOT certification, compliance report, data sheets, and all raw unaltered JPEGs used for opacity and certification determination.
(iv) The owner or operator or the DCOT vendor must have a minimum of four independent technology users apply the software to determine the visible opacity of the 300 certification plumes. For each set of 25 plumes, the user may not exceed 15 percent opacity of anyone reading and the average error must not exceed 7.5 percent opacity.
(v) Use of this approved alternative does not provide or imply a certification or validation of any vendor’s hardware or software. The onus to maintain and verify the certification and/or training of the DCOT camera, software, and operator in accordance with ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) and these requirements is on the facility, DCOT operator, and DCOT vendor.
(4) Record pushing opacity observations at 15-second intervals as required in section 2.4 of Method 9 in appendix A-4 to 40 CFR part 60. The requirement in section 2.4 of Method 9 for a minimum of 24 observations does not apply, and the data reduction requirements in section 2.5 of Method 9 do not apply. The requirement in § 63.6(h)(5)(ii)(B) for obtaining at least 3 hours of observations (thirty 6-minute averages) to demonstrate initial compliance does not apply. Alternatively, ASTM D7520-16, (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) may be used with the following conditions:
(i) During the digital camera opacity technique (DCOT) certification procedure outlined in section 9.2 of ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14), the owner or operator or the DCOT vendor must present the plumes in front of various backgrounds of color and contrast representing conditions anticipated during field use such as blue sky, trees, and mixed backgrounds (clouds and/or a sparse tree stand).
(ii) The owner or operator must also have standard operating procedures in place including daily or other frequency quality checks to ensure the equipment is within manufacturing specifications as outlined in section 8.1 of ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14).
(iii) The owner or operator must follow the recordkeeping procedures outlined in § 63.10(b)(1) for the DCOT certification, compliance report, data sheets, and all raw unaltered JPEGs used for opacity and certification determination.
(iv) The owner or operator or the DCOT vendor must have a minimum of four independent technology users apply the software to determine the visible opacity of the 300 certification plumes. For each set of 25 plumes, the user may not exceed 15 percent opacity of anyone reading and the average error must not exceed 7.5 percent opacity.
(v) Use of this approved alternative does not provide or imply a certification or validation of any vendor’s hardware or software. The onus to maintain and verify the certification and/or training of the DCOT camera, software, and operator in accordance with ASTM D7520-16 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14) and these requirements is on the facility, DCOT operator, and DCOT vendor.
(5) If fewer than six but at least four 15-second observations can be made, use the average of the total number of observations to calculate average opacity for the push. Missing one or more observations during the push (e.g., as the quench car passes behind a building) does not invalidate the observations before or after the interference for that push. However, a minimum of four 15-second readings must be made for a valid observation.
(6) Begin observations for a push at the first detectable movement of the coke mass. End observations of a push when the quench car enters the quench tower.
(i) For a battery without a cokeside shed, observe fugitive pushing emissions from a position at least 10 meters from the quench car that provides an unobstructed view and avoids interferences from the topside of the battery. This may require the observer to be positioned at an angle to the quench car rather than perpendicular to it. Typical interferences to avoid include emissions from open standpipes and charging. Observe the opacity of emissions above the battery top with the sky as the background where possible. Record the oven number of any push not observed because of obstructions or interferences.
(ii) For a battery with a cokeside shed, the observer must be in a position that provides an unobstructed view and avoids interferences from the topside of the battery. Typical interferences to avoid include emissions from open standpipes and charging. Observations must include any fugitive emissions that escape from the top of the shed, from the ends of the shed, or from the area where the shed is joined to the battery. If the observer does not have a clear view to identify when a push starts or ends, a second person can be positioned to signal the start or end of the push and notify the observer when to start or end the observations. Radio communications with other plant personnel (e.g., pushing ram operator or quench car operator) may also serve to notify the observer of the start or end of a push. Record the oven number of any push not observed because of obstructions or interferences.
(iii) You may reposition after the push to observe emissions during travel if necessary.
(7) If it is infeasible to implement the procedures in paragraphs (a)(1) through (6) of this section for an oven due to physical obstructions, nighttime pushes, or other reasons, you may apply to your permitting authority for permission to use an alternative procedure. The application must provide a detailed explanation of why it is infeasible to use the procedures in paragraphs (a)(1) through (6) of this section, identify the oven and battery numbers, and describe the alternative procedure. An alternative procedure must identify whether the coke in that oven is not completely coked, either before, during, or after an oven is pushed.
(8) For each oven observed that exceeds an opacity of 30 percent for any short battery or 35 percent for any tall battery, you must take corrective action and/or increase the coking time in accordance with § 63.7291(a). Maintain records documenting conformance with the requirements in § 63.7291(a).
(b) For each by-product coke oven battery with horizontal flues subject to the work practice standards for fugitive pushing emissions in § 63.7292(a), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by having met the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section:
(1) Measuring and recording the temperature of all flues on two ovens per day within 2 hours before the oven’s scheduled pushing time and ensuring that the temperature of each oven is measured and recorded at least once every month;
(2) Recording the time each oven is charged and pushed and calculating and recording the net coking time for each oven; and
(3) Increasing the coking time for each oven that falls below the minimum flue temperature trigger established for that oven’s coking time in the written plan required in § 63.7292(a)(1), assigning the oven to the oven-directed program, and recording all relevant information according to the requirements in § 63.7292(a)(4) including, but not limited to, daily pushing schedules, diagnostic procedures, corrective actions, and oven repairs.
(c) For each nonrecovery coke oven battery subject to the work practice standards in § 63.7293(a), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by maintaining records that document each visual inspection of an oven prior to pushing and that the oven was not pushed unless there was no smoke in the open space above the coke bed and there was an unobstructed view of the door on the opposite side of the oven.
(d) For each by-product coke oven battery subject to the work practice standard for soaking in § 63.7294(a), you must demonstrate continuous compliance by maintaining records that document conformance with requirements in § 63.7294(a)(1) through (5).
(e) For each coke oven battery subject to the work practice standard for quenching in § 63.7295(b), you must demonstrate continuous compliance according to the requirements of paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section:
(1) Maintaining baffles in each quench tower such that no more than 5 percent of the cross-sectional area of the tower is uncovered or open to the sky as required in § 63.7295(b)(1);
(2) Maintaining records that document conformance with the washing, inspection, and repair requirements in § 63.7295(b)(2), including records of the ambient temperature on any day that the baffles were not washed; and
(3) Maintaining records of the source of makeup water to document conformance with the requirement for acceptable makeup water in § 63.7295(a)(2).
§ 63.7335 How do I demonstrate continuous compliance with the operation and maintenance requirements that apply to me?
(a) For each by-product coke oven battery, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the operation and maintenance requirements in § 63.7300(b) by adhering at all times to the plan requirements and recording all information needed to document conformance.
(b) For each coke oven battery with a capture system or control device applied to pushing emissions, you must demonstrate continuous compliance with the operation and maintenance requirements in § 63.7300(c) by meeting the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section:
(1) Making monthly inspections of capture systems according to § 63.7300(c)(1) and recording all information needed to document conformance with these requirements;
(2) Performing preventative maintenance for each control device according to § 63.7300(c)(2) and recording all information needed to document conformance with these requirements; and
(3) Initiating and completing corrective action for a bag leak detection system alarm according to § 63.7300(c)(3) and recording all information needed to document conformance with these requirements. This includes records of the times the bag leak detection system alarm sounds, and for each valid alarm, the time you initiated corrective action, the corrective action(s) taken, and the date on which corrective action is completed.
(c) To demonstrate continuous compliance with the operation and maintenance requirements for a baghouse applied to pushing emissions from a coke oven battery in § 63.7331(a), you must inspect and maintain each baghouse according to the requirements in § 63.7331(a)(1) through (8) and record all information needed to document conformance with these requirements. If you increase or decrease the sensitivity of the bag leak detection system beyond the limits specified in § 63.7331(a)(6), you must include a copy of the required written certification by a responsible official in the next semiannual compliance report.
(d) You must maintain a current copy of the operation and maintenance plans required in § 63.7300(b) and (c) onsite and available for inspection upon request. You must keep the plans for the life of the affected source or until the affected source is no longer subject to the requirements of this subpart.
§ 63.7336 What other requirements must I meet to demonstrate continuous compliance?
You must report each instance in which you did not meet each emission limitation in this subpart that applies to you. This includes periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction. You must also report each instance in which you did not meet each work practice standard or operation and maintenance requirement in this subpart that applies to you. These instances are deviations from the emission limitations (including operating limits), work practice standards, and operation and maintenance requirements in this subpart. These deviations must be reported according to the requirements in § 63.7341.
(a) In the event that an affected unit fails to meet an applicable standard, record the number of failures. For each failure, record the start date, start time and duration (in hours) of each failure.
(b) For each failure to meet an applicable standard, record and retain a list of the affected sources or equipment, an estimate of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over any emission limit and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.
(c) Record actions taken to minimize emissions in accordance with § 63.7310(a), and any corrective actions taken to return the affected unit to its normal or usual manner of operation.
Notification, Reports, and Records
§ 63.7340 What notifications must I submit and when?
(a) You must submit all of the notifications in §§ 63.6(h)(4) and (5), 63.7(b) and (c), 63.8(e) and (f)(4), and 63.9(b) through (h) that apply to you by the specified dates.
(b) As specified in § 63.9(b)(2), if you startup your affected source before April 14, 2003, you must submit your initial notification no later than August 12, 2003, or no later than 120 days after the source becomes subject to this subpart, whichever is later.
(c) As specified in § 63.9(b)(3), if you startup your new affected source on or after April 14, 2003, you must submit your initial notification no later than 120 calendar days after you become subject to this subpart.
(d) If you are required to conduct a performance test, you must submit a notification of intent to conduct a performance test at least 60 calendar days before the performance test is scheduled to begin as required in § 63.7(b)(1).
(e) If you are required to conduct a performance test, opacity observation, or other initial compliance demonstration, you must submit a notification of compliance status according to § 63.9(h)(2)(ii).
(1) For each initial compliance demonstration that does not include a performance test, you must submit the notification of compliance status before the close of business on the 30th calendar day following the completion of the initial compliance demonstration.
(2) For each initial compliance demonstration that does include a performance test, you must submit the notification of compliance status, including a summary of the performance test results, before the close of business on the 60th calendar day following completion of the performance test according to § 63.10(d)(2).
(f) For each by-product coke oven battery with horizontal flues, you must notify the Administrator (or delegated authority) of the date on which the study of flue temperatures required by § 63.7292(a)(3) will be initiated. You must submit this notification no later than 7 days prior to the date you initiate the study.
§ 63.7341 What reports must I submit and when?
(a) Compliance report due dates. Unless the Administrator has approved a different schedule, you must submit quarterly compliance reports for battery stacks and semiannual compliance reports for all other affected sources to your permitting authority according to the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) The first quarterly compliance report for battery stacks must cover the period beginning on the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.7283 and ending on the last date of the third calendar month. Each subsequent compliance report must cover the next calendar quarter.
(2) The first semiannual compliance report must cover the period beginning on the compliance date that is specified for your affected source in § 63.7283 and ending on June 30 or December 31, whichever date comes first after the compliance date that is specified for your affected source. Each subsequent compliance report must cover the semiannual reporting period from January 1 through June 30 or the semiannual reporting period from July 1 through December 31.
(3) All quarterly compliance reports for battery stacks must be postmarked or delivered no later than one calendar month following the end of the quarterly reporting period. All semiannual compliance reports must be postmarked or delivered no later than July 31 or January 31, whichever date is the first date following the end of the semiannual reporting period.
(4) For each affected source that is subject to permitting regulations pursuant to 40 CFR part 70 or 40 CFR part 71, and if the permitting authority has established dates for submitting semiannual reports pursuant to 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 40 CFR 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), you may submit the first and subsequent compliance reports according to the dates the permitting authority has established instead of according to the dates in paragraphs (a)(1) through (4) of this section.
(b) Quarterly compliance report contents. Each quarterly report must provide information on compliance with the emission limitations for battery stacks in § 63.7296. The reports must include the information in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3), and as applicable, paragraphs (c)(4) through (8) of this section.
(c) Semiannual compliance report contents. Each compliance report must provide information on compliance with the emission limitations, work practice standards, and operation and maintenance requirements for all affected sources except battery stacks. The reports must include the information in paragraphs (c)(1) through (3) of this section, and as applicable, paragraphs (c)(4) through (8) of this section.
(1) Company name and address (including county).
(2) Statement by a responsible official, with the official’s name, title, and signature, certifying the truth, accuracy, and completeness of the content of the report. If your report is submitted via the Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI), the certifier’s electronic signature during the submission process replaces this requirement.
(3) Date of report and beginning and ending dates of the reporting period. You are no longer required to provide the date of report when the report is submitted via CEDRI.
(4) Beginning on January 2, 2025, if you failed to meet an applicable standard, the compliance report must include, for each instance, the start date, start time, and duration (in hours) of each failure. For each failure, the compliance report must include a list of the affected sources or equipment, an estimate of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over any emission limit, and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.
(5) If there were no deviations from the continuous compliance requirements in § 63.7333(e) for battery stacks, a statement that there were no deviations from the emission limitations during the reporting period. If there were no deviations from the continuous compliance requirements in §§ 63.7333 through 63.7335 that apply to you (for all affected sources other than battery stacks), a statement that there were no deviations from the emission limitations, work practice standards, or operation and maintenance requirements during the reporting period.
(6) If there were no periods during which a continuous monitoring system (including COMS, continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS), or CPMS) was out-of-control as specified in § 63.8(c)(7), a statement that there were no periods during which a continuous monitoring system was out-of-control during the reporting period.
(7) For each deviation from an emission limitation in this subpart (including quench water limits) and for each deviation from the requirements for work practice standards in this subpart that occurs at an affected source where you are not using a continuous monitoring system (including a COMS, CEMS, or CPMS) to comply with the emission limitations in this subpart, the compliance report must contain the information in paragraphs (7)(i) and (ii) of this section. This includes periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(i) The total operating time of each affected source during the reporting period.
(ii) Information on the duration and cause of deviations (including unknown cause, if applicable) as applicable and the corrective action taken.
(8) For each deviation from an emission limitation occurring at an affected source where you are using a continuous monitoring system (including COMS, CEMS, or CPMS) to comply with the emission limitation in this subpart, you must include the information in paragraphs (c)(4) and (8)(i) through (xii) of this section. This includes periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction.
(i) The date and time that each malfunction started and stopped.
(ii) The start date, start time, and duration in hours that each continuous monitoring system (including COMS, CEMS, or CPMS) was inoperative, except for zero (low-level) and high-level checks.
(iii) The start date, start time, and duration in hours that each continuous monitoring system (including COMS, CEMS, or CPMS) was out-of-control, including the information in § 63.8(c)(8).
(iv) The date and time that each deviation started and stopped, the duration in hours, and whether each deviation occurred during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction or during another period.
(v) A summary of the total duration in hours of the deviation during the reporting period and the total duration as a percent of the total source operating time during that reporting period.
(vi) A breakdown of the total duration in hours of the deviations during the reporting period into those that are due to startup, shutdown, control equipment problems, process problems, other known causes, and other unknown causes.
(vii) A summary of the total duration in hours of continuous monitoring system downtime during the reporting period and the total duration of continuous monitoring system downtime as a percent of the total source operating time during the reporting period.
(viii) An identification of each HAP that was monitored at the affected source.
(ix) A brief description of the process units.
(x) A brief description of the continuous monitoring system.
(xi) The date of the latest continuous monitoring system certification or audit.
(xii) A description of any changes in continuous monitoring systems, processes, or controls since the last reporting period.
(xiii) The total operating time of each affected source during the reporting period.
(d) [Reserved]
(e) Part 70 monitoring report. If you have obtained a title V operating permit for an affected source pursuant to 40 CFR part 70 or 40 CFR part 71, you must report all deviations as defined in this subpart in the semiannual monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 40 CFR 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A). If you submit a compliance report for an affected source along with, or as part of, the semiannual monitoring report required by 40 CFR 70.6(a)(3)(iii)(A) or 40 CFR 71.6(a)(3)(iii)(A), and the compliance report includes all the required information concerning deviations from any emission limitation or work practice standard in this subpart, submission of the compliance report satisfies any obligation to report the same deviations in the semiannual monitoring report. However, submission of a compliance report does not otherwise affect any obligation you may have to report deviations from permit requirements to your permitting authority.
(f) Electronic reporting of compliance reports. Beginning on July 7, 2026, or once the report template for this subpart has been available on the CEDRI website for one year, whichever date is later, submit all subsequent reports to the EPA via the CEDRI according to § 63.9(k) except that confidential business information (CBI) should be submitted according to paragraph (h) of this section.
(g) Electronic Reporting of Performance Tests. Beginning on September 3, 2024, within 60 days after the date of completing each performance test required by this subpart, you must submit the results of the performance test following the procedure specified in § 63.9(k). CBI should be submitted according to paragraph (h) of this section. Data collected using test methods supported by the EPA’s Electronic Reporting Tool (ERT) as listed on the EPA’s ERT website (https://www.epa.gov/electronic-reporting-air-emissions/electronic-reporting-tool-ert) at the time of the test must be submitted in a file format generated using the EPA’s ERT. Alternatively, you may submit an electronic file consistent with the extensible markup language (XML) schema listed on the EPA’s ERT website. Data collected using test methods that are not supported by the EPA’s ERT as listed on the EPA’s ERT website at the time of the test must be included as an attachment in the ERT or alternate electronic file. If a performance test consists only of opacity measurements, reporting using the ERT and CEDRI is not required.
(h) Confidential business information (CBI). For notifications and reports required to be submitted to CEDRI:
(1) The EPA will make all the information submitted through CEDRI available to the public without further notice to you. Do not use CEDRI to submit information you claim as CBI. Although we do not expect persons to assert a claim of CBI, if you wish to assert a CBI claim for some of the information submitted under paragraph (f) or (g) of this section, you must submit a complete file, including information claimed to be CBI, to the EPA.
(2) For performance test reports according to paragraph (g) of this section, the file must be generated using the EPA’s ERT or an alternate electronic file consistent with the XML schema listed on the EPA’s ERT website.
(3) Clearly mark the part or all of the information that you claim to be CBI. Information not marked as CBI may be authorized for public release without prior notice. Information marked as CBI will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2.
(4) The preferred method to receive CBI is for it to be transmitted electronically using email attachments, File Transfer Protocol, or other online file sharing services. Electronic submissions must be transmitted directly to the OAQPS CBI Office at the email address [email protected], and as described above, should include clear CBI markings. For performance test reports, CBI should be flagged to the attention of, the Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group; for all other reports and notifications, the Coke Ovens Sector Lead should be flagged. If assistance is needed with submitting large electronic files that exceed the file size limit for email attachments, and if you do not have your own file sharing service, please email [email protected] to request a file transfer link.
(5) If you cannot transmit the file electronically, you may send CBI information through the postal service to the following address: OAQPS Document Control Officer (C404-02), OAQPS, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, Attention Group Leader, Measurement Policy Group or Coke Oven Sector Lead as indicated in paragraph (4) of this section. The mailed CBI material should be double wrapped and clearly marked. Any CBI markings should not show through the outer envelope.
(6) All CBI claims must be asserted at the time of submission. Anything submitted using CEDRI cannot later be claimed CBI. Furthermore, under CAA section 114(c), emissions data is not entitled to confidential treatment, and the EPA is required to make emissions data available to the public. Thus, emissions data will not be protected as CBI and will be made publicly available.
(7) You must submit the same file submitted to the CBI office with the CBI omitted to the EPA via the EPA’s CDX as described in paragraph (f) or (g) of this section.
§ 63.7342 What records must I keep?
(a) You must keep the records specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section.
(1) A copy of each notification and report that you submitted to comply with this subpart, including all documentation supporting any initial notification or notification of compliance status that you submitted, according to the requirements in § 63.10(b)(2)(xiv).
(2) Beginning on January 2, 2025, records of the occurrence and duration of each startup, shutdown, or malfunction of process, air pollution control, and monitoring equipment.
(3) Beginning on January 2, 2025, for each failure to meet an applicable standard, a list of the affected sources or equipment, whether the failure occurred during startup, shutdown, or malfunction, and records of the start date, start time, and duration (in hours) of each failure to meet an applicable standard. Include an estimate of the quantity of each regulated pollutant emitted over any emission limit, and a description of the method used to estimate the emissions.
(4) Beginning on January 2, 2025, records of the actions taken to minimize emissions in accordance with § 63.7310(a), and any corrective actions taken to return the affected unit to its normal or usual manner of operation.
(5) Records of performance tests, performance evaluations, and opacity observations as required in § 63.10(b)(2)(viii).
(b) For each COMS or CEMS, you must keep the records specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Records described in § 63.10(b)(2)(vi) through (xi).
(2) Monitoring data for COMS during a performance evaluation as required in § 63.6(h)(7)(i) and (ii).
(3) You shall keep these written procedures on record for the life of the affected source or until the affected source is no longer subject to the provisions of this part, to be made available for inspection, upon request, by the Administrator. If the performance evaluation plan is revised, you shall keep previous (i.e., superseded) versions of the performance evaluation plan on record to be made available for inspection, upon request, by the Administrator, for a period of 5 years after each revision to the plan. The program of corrective action should be included in the plan required under § 63.8(d)(2).
(4) Records of the date and time that each deviation started and stopped, the cause of the deviation, and whether the deviation occurred during a period of startup, shutdown, or malfunction or during another period.
(c) You must keep the records in § 63.6(h)(6) for visual observations.
(d) You must keep the records required in §§ 63.7333 through 63.7335 to show continuous compliance with each emission limitation, work practice standard, and operation and maintenance requirement that applies to you.
§ 63.7343 In what form and how long must I keep my records?
(a) You must keep your records in a form suitable and readily available for expeditious review, according to § 63.10(b)(1).
(b) As specified in § 63.10(b)(1), you must keep each record for 5 years following the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record.
(c) You must keep each record on site for at least 2 years after the date of each occurrence, measurement, maintenance, corrective action, report, or record, according to § 63.10(b)(1). You can keep the records offsite for the remaining 3 years.
Other Requirements and Information
§ 63.7350 What parts of the General Provisions apply to me?
Table 1 to this subpart shows which parts of the General Provisions in §§ 63.1 through 63.15 apply to you.
§ 63.7351 Who implements and enforces this subpart?
(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by us, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), or a delegated authority such as your State, local, or tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has delegated authority to your State, local, or tribal agency, then that agency has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. You should contact your U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out if this subpart is delegated to your State, local, or tribal agency.
(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a State, local, or tribal agency under subpart E of this part, the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this section are retained by the Administrator of the U.S. EPA and are not transferred to the State, local, or tribal agency.
(c) The authorities in paragraphs (c)(1) through (6) of this section will not be delegated to State, local, or tribal agencies.
(1) Approval of alternatives to work practice standards for fugitive pushing emissions in § 63.7291(a) for a by-product coke oven battery with vertical flues, fugitive pushing emissions in § 63.7292(a) for a by-product coke oven battery with horizontal flues, fugitive pushing emissions in § 63.7293 for a nonrecovery coke oven battery, soaking for a by-product coke oven battery in § 63.7294(a), and quenching for a coke oven battery in § 63.7295(b) under § 63.6(g).
(2) Approval of alternative opacity emission limitations for a by-product coke oven battery under § 63.6(h)(9).
(3) Approval of major alternatives to test methods under § 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f) and as defined in § 63.90, except for alternative procedures in § 63.7334(a)(7).
(4) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring under § 63.8(f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(5) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting under § 63.10(f) and as defined in § 63.90.
(6) Approval of the work practice plan for by-product coke oven batteries with horizontal flues submitted under § 63.7292(a)(1).
(7) Approval of an alternative to any electronic reporting to the EPA required by this subpart.
§ 63.7352 What definitions apply to this subpart?
Terms used in this subpart are defined in the Clean Air Act (CAA), in § 63.2, and in this section as follows:
Acceptable makeup water means surface water from a river, lake, or stream; water meeting drinking water standards; storm water runoff and production area clean up water except for water from the by-product recovery plant area; process wastewater treated to meet effluent limitations guidelines in 40 CFR part 420; water from any of these sources that has been used only for non-contact cooling or in water seals; or water from scrubbers used to control pushing emissions.
Backup quench station means a quenching device that is used for less than 5 percent of the quenches from any single coke oven battery in the 12-month period from July 1 to June 30.
Baffles means an apparatus comprised of obstructions for checking or deflecting the flow of gases. Baffles are installed in a quench tower to remove droplets of water and particles from the rising vapors by providing a point of impact. Baffles may be installed either inside or on top of quench towers and are typically constructed of treated wood, steel, or plastic.
Battery stack means the stack that is the point of discharge to the atmosphere of the combustion gases from a battery’s underfiring system.
Battery waste heat flues means the channels outside the coke oven and between the wall separating adjacent ovens as well as each end wall. At any one time, half of the flues in a given wall will be burning gas while the other half will be conveying waste heat from the combustion flues to a brick heat exchanger and then on to the battery combustion stack.
Batterywide extended coking means increasing the average coking time for all ovens in the coke oven battery by 25 percent or more over the manufacturer’s specified design rate.
Bypass stack at a heat recovery facility means a stack through which emissions are discharged from a common tunnel that collects gases from a coke oven battery. and where the emissions are not passed through a heat recovery unit. Common tunnels typically are equipped with afterburners to further reduce organic emissions in the coke oven gas.
By-product coke oven battery means a group of ovens connected by common walls, where coal undergoes destructive distillation under positive pressure to produce coke and coke oven gas from which by-products are recovered.
By-product recovery plant area means that area of the coke plant where process units subject to subpart L in part 61 are located.
Coke oven battery means a group of ovens connected by common walls, where coal undergoes destructive distillation to produce coke. A coke oven battery includes by-product and nonrecovery processes.
Coke plant means a facility that produces coke from coal in either a by-product coke oven battery or a nonrecovery coke oven battery.
Cokeside shed means a structure used to capture pushing emissions that encloses the cokeside of the battery and ventilates the emissions to a control device.
Coking time means the time interval that starts when an oven is charged with coal and ends when the oven is pushed.
Deviation means any instance in which an affected source subject to this subpart, or an owner or operator of such a source:
(1) Fails to meet any requirement or obligation established by this subpart including, but not limited to, any emission limitation (including operating limits) or work practice standard;
(2) Fails to meet any term or condition that is adopted to implement an applicable requirement in this subpart and that is included in the operating permit for any affected source required to obtain such a permit; or
(3) Fails to meet any emission limitation or work practice standard in this subpart during startup, shutdown, or malfunction, regardless of whether or not such failure is permitted by this subpart.
Emission limitation means any emission limit, opacity limit, or operating limit.
Four consecutive pushes means four pushes observed successively.
Fugitive pushing emissions means emissions from pushing that are not collected by a capture system.
Heat and/or nonrecovery coke oven battery means a group of ovens, connected by common side walls, in which coal undergoes destructive distillation under negative pressure to produce coke and coke oven gas and from which by-products are not recovered. The common tunnels typically contain afterburners to further reduce organic emissions in the coke oven gas. For nonrecovery plants (i.e., no chemical recovery) with heat recovery, the oven gases are vented through common tunnels to a heat recovery steam generator that produces steam. Heat recovery coke oven batteries may release oven gases through common tunnels and then into the atmosphere through bypass stacks when the heat recovery steam generators are not available due to maintenance or repair. For nonrecovery coke oven batteries (i.e., no chemical recovery) without heat recovery, oven gases are vented through common tunnels and then released to the atmosphere through waste heat stacks.
Heat recovery steam generator is a process unit that recovers heat from coke oven gas in order to produce steam. Units typically are equipped with desulfurization units and baghouses to remove pollutants from the exhaust gases.
Heat recovery steam generator bypass/waste heat stack means a stack that allows coke oven gas to be vented from the coke oven batteries through common tunnels and into the atmosphere when there are no heat recovery steam generator units available for heat recovery. Common tunnels typically are equipped with afterburners to further reduce organic emissions in the coke oven gas.
Heat recovery steam generator main stack means the stack that is the point of final discharge to the atmosphere of the gases emanating from a heat recovery steam generator and its control devices, which typically are desulfurization units and baghouses.
Horizontal flue means a type of coke oven heating system used on Semet-Solvay batteries where the heating flues run horizontally from one end of the oven to the other end, and the flues are not shared with adjacent ovens.
Hot water scrubber means a mobile scrubber used to control pushing emissions through the creation of an induced draft formed by the expansion of pressurized hot water through a nozzle.
Increased coking time means increasing the charge-to-push time for an individual oven.
Nonrecovery coke oven battery means a group of ovens, connected by common walls, where coal undergoes destructive distillation under negative pressure to produce coke and which is designed for the combustion of the coke oven gas from which by-products are not recovered. Also known as a heat and/or nonrecovery battery. Nonrecovery coke oven battery refers to units from which heat is recovered from the coke oven gas exhaust as well as units where heat is not recovered. Both heat and/or nonrecovery batteries are connected by common tunnels that typically include afterburners to further reduce organic emissions in the coke oven gas.
Oven means a chamber in the coke oven battery in which coal undergoes destructive distillation to produce coke.
Pushing means the process of removing the coke from the oven. Pushing begins with the first detectable movement of the coke mass and ends when the quench car enters the quench tower.
Pushing/charging machine (PCM) means the combined coke oven pushing and charging machine operated on rail tracks to open an oven door, push the finished coke from the open oven, and close the oven door, and to charge the adjacent oven with coal to start the coking cycle. Typically used with horizontal ovens such as those at nonrecovery coke facilities.
Quenching means the wet process of cooling (wet quenching) the hot incandescent coke by direct contact with water that begins when the quench car enters the quench tower and ends when the quench car exits the quench tower.
Quench tower means the structure in which hot incandescent coke in the quench car is deluged or quenched with water.
Remove from service means that an oven is not charged with coal and is not used for coking. When removed from service, the oven may remain at the operating temperature or it may be cooled down for repairs.
Responsible official means responsible official as defined in § 63.2.
Short battery means a by-product coke oven battery with ovens less than five meters in height.
Soaking means that period in the coking cycle that starts when an oven is dampered off the collecting main and vented to the atmosphere through an open standpipe prior to pushing and ends when the coke begins to be pushed from the oven.
Soaking emissions means the discharge from an open standpipe during soaking of visible emissions due to either incomplete coking or leakage into the standpipe from the collecting main.
Standpipe means an apparatus on the oven that provides a passage for gases from an oven to the atmosphere when the oven is dampered off the collecting main and the standpipe cap is opened. This includes mini-standpipes that are not connected to the collecting main.
Tall battery means a by-product coke oven battery with ovens five meters or more in height.
Total acid gases means the sum of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride.
Total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (total PAH) means the sum of acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[g,h,i]perylene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, chrysene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene, indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene, naphthalene, phenanthrene, perylene, and pyrene.
Vertical flue means a type of coke oven heating system in which the heating flues run vertically from the bottom to the top of the oven, and flues are shared between adjacent ovens.
Waste heat stack at a heat and/or nonrecovery facility means a stack that allows coke oven gas to be vented from the coke oven batteries through common tunnels and into the atmosphere when there are no units available for heat recovery. Common tunnels typically contain afterburners to further reduce organic emissions in coke oven gas.
Work practice standard means any design, equipment, work practice, or operational standard, or combination thereof, that is promulgated pursuant to section 112(h) of the CAA.
Table 1 to Subpart CCCCC of Part 63—Applicability of General Provisions to Subpart CCCCC
As required in § 63.7350, you must comply with each applicable requirement of the NESHAP General Provisions (subpart A of this part) as shown in the following table:
| Citation | Subject | Applies to
subpart CCCCC? | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 63.1 | Applicability | Yes | |
| § 63.2 | Definitions | Yes | |
| § 63.3 | Units and Abbreviations | Yes | |
| § 63.4 | Prohibited Activities | Yes | |
| § 63.5 | Construction/Reconstruction | Yes | |
| § 63.6(a), (b), (c), (d), (e)(1)(iii), (f)(2)-(3), (g), (h)(2)-(8) | Compliance with Standards and Maintenance Requirements | Yes | |
| § 63.6(e)(1)(i) | General Duty to Minimize Emissions | No | See § 63.7310(a) for general duty requirement. |
| § 63.6(e)(1)(ii) | Requirement to Correct Malfunctions ASAP | No | |
| § 63.6(e)(3) | SSM Plan Requirements | No | |
| § 63.6(f)(1) | SSM Exemption | No | |
| § 63.6(h)(1) | SSM Exemption | No | |
| § 63.6(h)(9) | Adjustment to an Opacity Emission Standard | Yes | |
| § 63.7(a)(3), (b)-(d), (e)(2)-(4), (f)-(h) | Performance Testing Requirements | Yes | |
| § 63.7(e)(1) | Performance Testing | No | See §§ 63.7322(a), 63.7324(a), and 63.7325(a). |
| § 63.7(a)(1)-(2) | Applicability and Performance Test Dates | No | Subpart CCCCC specifies applicability and dates. |
| § 63.8(a)(1)-(3), (b), (c)(1)(ii), (c)(2)-(3), (c)(4)(i)-(ii), (c)(5)-(8), (d)(1)-(2), (e), (f)(1)-(5), (g)(1)-(4) | Monitoring Requirements | Yes | CMS requirements in § 63.8(c)(4) (i)-(ii), (c)(5), and (c)(6) apply only to COMS for battery stacks. |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(i) | General Duty to Minimize Emissions and CMS Operation | No | |
| § 63.8(c)(1)(iii) | Requirement to Develop SSM Plan for CMS | No | |
| § 63.8(a)(4) | Additional Monitoring Requirements for Control Devices in § 63.11 | No | Flares are not a control device for subpart CCCCC affected sources. |
| § 63.8(c)(4) | Continuous Monitoring System (CMS) Requirements | No | Subpart CCCCC specifies requirements for operation of CMS. |
| § 63.8(d)(3) | Written procedures for CMS | No | See § 63.7342(b)(3). |
| § 63.8(e)(4)-(5) | Performance Evaluations | Yes | Except COMS performance evaluation must be conducted before the compliance date. |
| § 63.8(f)(6) | RATA Alternative | No | Subpart CCCCC does not require CEMS. |
| § 63.8(g)(5) | Data Reduction | No | Subpart CCCCC specifies data that can’t be used in computing averages for COMS. |
| § 63.9 | Notification Requirements | Yes | Additional notifications for CMS in § 63.9(g) apply only to COMS for battery stacks. |
| § 63.10(a), (b)(1), (b)(2)(vi)-(x), (b)(2)(xiv), (b)(3), (c)(1)-(6), (c)(9)-(14), (d)(1)-(4), (e)(1)-(2), (e)(4), (f) | Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements | Yes | Additional records for CMS in § 63.10(c)(1)-(6), (9)-(14), and reports in § 63.10(d)(1)-(2) apply only to COMS for battery stacks. |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(i) | Recordkeeping of Occurrence and Duration of Startups and Shutdowns | No | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(ii) | Recordkeeping of Failures to Meet a Standard | No | See § 63.7342(a)(2)-(4). |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(iii) | Maintenance Records | Yes | |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(iv) | Actions Taken to Conform with SSM Plan | No | See § 63.7342(a)(4) for records of actions taken to minimize emissions. |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(v) | Actions Taken to Minimize Emissions During SSM | No | See § 63.7342(a)(4) for records of actions taken to minimize emissions. |
| § 63.10(b)(2)(xi)-(xii) | CMS Records for RATA Alternative | No | Subpart CCCCC doesn’t require CEMS. |
| § 63.10(c)(7)-(8) | Records of Excess Emissions and Parameter Monitoring Exceedances for CMS | No | Subpart CCCCC specifies record requirements. |
| § 63.10(c)(15) | Use of SSM Plan | No | |
| § 63.10(d)(5)(i) | Periodic SSM Reports | No | See § 63.7341(c)(4) for malfunction reporting requirements. |
| § 63.10(d)(5)(ii) | Immediate SSM Reports | No | |
| § 63.10(e)(3) | Excess Emission Reports | No | Subpart CCCCC specifies reporting requirements. |
| § 63.11 | Control Device Requirements | No | Subpart CCCCC does not require flares. |
| § 63.12 | State Authority and Delegations | Yes | |
| §§ 63.13-63.16 | Addresses, Incorporations by Reference, Availability of Information and Confidentiality, Performance Track Provisions | Yes |
Subpart DDDDD—National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Major Sources: Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers and Process Heaters
What This Subpart Covers
§ 63.7480 What is the purpose of this subpart?
This subpart establishes national emission limitations and work practice standards for hazardous air pollutants (HAP) emitted from industrial, commercial, and institutional boilers and process heaters located at major sources of HAP. This subpart also establishes requirements to demonstrate initial and continuous compliance with the emission limitations and work practice standards.
§ 63.7485 Am I subject to this subpart?
You are subject to this subpart if you own or operate an industrial, commercial, or institutional boiler or process heater as defined in § 63.7575 that is located at, or is part of, a major source of HAP, except as specified in § 63.7491. For purposes of this subpart, a major source of HAP is as defined in § 63.2, except that for oil and natural gas production facilities, a major source of HAP is as defined in § 63.7575.
§ 63.7490 What is the affected source of this subpart?
(a) This subpart applies to new, reconstructed, and existing affected sources as described in paragraphs (a)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) The affected source of this subpart is the collection at a major source of all existing industrial, commercial, and institutional boilers and process heaters within a subcategory as defined in § 63.7575.
(2) The affected source of this subpart is each new or reconstructed industrial, commercial, or institutional boiler or process heater, as defined in § 63.7575, located at a major source.
(b) A boiler or process heater is new if you commence construction of the boiler or process heater after June 4, 2010, and you meet the applicability criteria at the time you commence construction.
(c) A boiler or process heater is reconstructed if you meet the reconstruction criteria as defined in § 63.2, you commence reconstruction after June 4, 2010, and you meet the applicability criteria at the time you commence reconstruction.
(d) A boiler or process heater is existing if it is not new or reconstructed.
(e) An existing electric utility steam generating unit (EGU) that meets the applicability requirements of this subpart after the effective date of this final rule due to a change (e.g., fuel switch) is considered to be an existing source under this subpart.
§ 63.7491 Are any boilers or process heaters not subject to this subpart?
The types of boilers and process heaters listed in paragraphs (a) through (n) of this section are not subject to this subpart.
(a) An electric utility steam generating unit (EGU) covered by subpart UUUUU of this part or a natural gas-fired EGU as defined in subpart UUUUU of this part firing at least 85 percent natural gas on an annual heat input basis.
(b) A recovery boiler or furnace covered by subpart MM of this part.
(c) A boiler or process heater that is used specifically for research and development, including test steam boilers used to provide steam for testing the propulsion systems on military vessels. This does not include units that provide heat or steam to a process at a research and development facility.
(d) A hot water heater as defined in this subpart.
(e) A refining kettle covered by subpart X of this part.
(f) An ethylene cracking furnace covered by subpart YY of this part.
(g) Blast furnace stoves as described in EPA-453/R-01-005 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14).
(h) Any boiler or process heater that is part of the affected source subject to another subpart of this part, such as boilers and process heaters used as control devices to comply with subparts JJJ, OOO, PPP, and U of this part.
(i) Any boiler or process heater that is used as a control device to comply with another subpart of this part, or part 60, part 61, or part 65 of this chapter provided that at least 50 percent of the average annual heat input during any 3 consecutive calendar years to the boiler or process heater is provided by regulated gas streams that are subject to another standard.
(j) Temporary boilers and process heaters as defined in this subpart.
(k) Blast furnace gas fuel-fired boilers and process heaters as defined in this subpart.
(l) Any boiler or process heater specifically listed as an affected source in any standard(s) established under section 129 of the Clean Air Act.
(m) A unit that burns hazardous waste covered by Subpart EEE of this part. A unit that is exempt from Subpart EEE as specified in § 63.1200(b) is not covered by Subpart EEE.
(n) Residential boilers as defined in this subpart.
§ 63.7495 When do I have to comply with this subpart?
(a) If you have a new or reconstructed boiler or process heater, you must comply with this subpart by April 1, 2013, or upon startup of your boiler or process heater, whichever is later.
(b) If you have an existing boiler or process heater, you must comply with this subpart no later than January 31, 2016, except as provided in § 63.6(i).
(c) If you have an area source that increases its emissions or its potential to emit such that it becomes a major source of HAP, paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section apply to you.
(1) Any new or reconstructed boiler or process heater at the existing source must be in compliance with this subpart upon startup.
(2) Any existing boiler or process heater at the existing source must be in compliance with this subpart within 3 years after the source becomes a major source.
(d) You must meet the notification requirements in § 63.7545 according to the schedule in § 63.7545 and in subpart A of this part. Some of the notifications must be submitted before you are required to comply with the emission limits and work practice standards in this subpart.
(e) If you own or operate an industrial, commercial, or institutional boiler or process heater and would be subject to this subpart except for the exemption in § 63.7491(l) for commercial and industrial solid waste incineration units covered by part 60, subpart CCCC or subpart DDDD, and you cease combusting solid waste, you must be in compliance with this subpart and are no longer subject to part 60, subparts CCCC or DDDD beginning on the effective date of the switch as identified under the provisions of § 60.2145(a)(2) and (3) or § 60.2710(a)(2) and (3).
(f) If you own or operate an existing EGU that becomes subject to this subpart after January 31, 2016, you must be in compliance with the applicable existing source provisions of this subpart on the effective date such unit becomes subject to this subpart.
(g) If you own or operate an existing industrial, commercial, or institutional boiler or process heater and would be subject to this subpart except for a exemption in § 63.7491(i) that becomes subject to this subpart after January 31, 2013, you must be in compliance with the applicable existing source provisions of this subpart within 3 years after such unit becomes subject to this subpart.
(h) If you own or operate an existing industrial, commercial, or institutional boiler or process heater and have switched fuels or made a physical change to the boiler or process heater that resulted in the applicability of a different subcategory after the compliance date of this subpart, you must be in compliance with the applicable existing source provisions of this subpart on the effective date of the fuel switch or physical change.
(i) If you own or operate a new industrial, commercial, or institutional boiler or process heater and have switched fuels or made a physical change to the boiler or process heater that resulted in the applicability of a different subcategory, you must be in compliance with the applicable new source provisions of this subpart on the effective date of the fuel switch or physical change.
Emission Limitations and Work Practice Standards
§ 63.7499 What are the subcategories of boilers and process heaters?
The subcategories of boilers and process heaters, as defined in § 63.7575 are:
(a) Pulverized coal/solid fossil fuel units.
(b) Stokers designed to burn coal/solid fossil fuel.
(c) Fluidized bed units designed to burn coal/solid fossil fuel.
(d) Stokers/sloped grate/other units designed to burn kiln dried biomass/bio-based solid.
(e) Fluidized bed units designed to burn biomass/bio-based solid.
(f) Suspension burners designed to burn biomass/bio-based solid.
(g) Fuel cells designed to burn biomass/bio-based solid.
(h) Hybrid suspension/grate burners designed to burn wet biomass/bio-based solid.
(i) Stokers/sloped grate/other units designed to burn wet biomass/bio-based solid.
(j) Dutch ovens/pile burners designed to burn biomass/bio-based solid.
(k) Units designed to burn liquid fuel that are non-continental units.
(l) Units designed to burn gas 1 fuels.
(m) Units designed to burn gas 2 (other) gases.
(n) Metal process furnaces.
(o) Limited-use boilers and process heaters.
(p) Units designed to burn solid fuel.
(q) Units designed to burn liquid fuel.
(r) Units designed to burn coal/solid fossil fuel.
(s) Fluidized bed units with an integrated fluidized bed heat exchanger designed to burn coal/solid fossil fuel.
(t) Units designed to burn heavy liquid fuel.
(u) Units designed to burn light liquid fuel.
§ 63.7500 What emission limitations, work practice standards, and operating limits must I meet?
(a) You must meet the requirements in paragraphs (a)(1) through (3) of this section, except as provided in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section. You must meet these requirements at all times the affected unit is operating, except as provided in paragraph (f) of this section.
(1) You must meet each emission limit and work practice standard in Tables 1 through 3 and 11 through 15 to this subpart that applies to your boiler or process heater, for each boiler or process heater at your source, except as provided under § 63.7522. The output-based emission limits, in units of pounds per million Btu of steam output, in Table 1 or 2 to this subpart are an alternative applicable only to boilers and process heaters that generate either steam, cogenerate steam with electricity, or both. The output-based emission limits, in units of pounds per megawatt-hour, in Table 1 or 2 to this subpart are an alternative applicable only to boilers that generate only electricity. Boilers that perform multiple functions (cogeneration and electricity generation) or supply steam to common headers would calculate a total steam energy output using Equation 1 of § 63.7575 to demonstrate compliance with the output-based emission limits, in units of pounds per million Btu of steam output, in Table 1 or 2 to this subpart. If you operate a new boiler or process heater, you can choose to comply with alternative limits as discussed in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section, but on or after October 6, 2025, you must comply with the emission limits in Table 1 to this subpart. If you operate an existing boiler or process heater, you can choose to comply with alternative limits as discussed in paragraph (a)(1)(v) of this section, but on or after October 6, 2025 you must comply with the emission limits in Table 2 to this subpart.
(i) If your boiler or process heater commenced construction or reconstruction after June 4, 2010, and before May 20, 2011, you may comply with the emission limits in Table 11 or 14 to this subpart until January 31, 2016.
(ii) If your boiler or process heater commenced construction or reconstruction on or after May 20, 2011, and before December 23, 2011, you may comply with the emission limits in Table 12 or 14 to this subpart until January 31, 2016.
(iii) If your boiler or process heater commenced construction or reconstruction on or after December 23, 2011, and before April 1, 2013, you may comply with the emission limits in Table 13 or 14 to this subpart until January 31, 2016.
(iv) If you operate a new boiler or process heater, you must comply with either the emission limits in Table 1 to this subpart or the emission limits in Table 14 to this subpart until you must comply with the emission limits in Table 1.
(v) If you operate an existing boiler or process heater, you must comply with either the emission limits in Table 2 to this subpart or the emission limits in Table 15 to this subpart until you must comply with the emission limits in Table 2.
(2) You must meet each operating limit in Table 4 to this subpart that applies to your boiler or process heater. If you use a control device or combination of control devices not covered in Table 4 to this subpart, or you wish to establish and monitor an alternative operating limit or an alternative monitoring parameter, you must apply to the EPA Administrator for approval of alternative monitoring under § 63.8(f).
(3) At all times, you must operate and maintain any affected source (as defined in § 63.7490), including associated air pollution control equipment and monitoring equipment, in a manner consistent with safety and good air pollution control practices for minimizing emissions. Determination of whether such operation and maintenance procedures are being used will be based on information available to the Administrator that may include, but is not limited to, monitoring results, review of operation and maintenance procedures, review of operation and maintenance records, and inspection of the source.
(b) As provided in § 63.6(g), EPA may approve use of an alternative to the work practice standards in this section.
(c) Limited-use boilers and process heaters must complete a tune-up every 5 years as specified in § 63.7540. They are not subject to the emission limits in Tables 1 and 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart, the annual tune-up, or the energy assessment requirements in Table 3 to this subpart, or the operating limits in Table 4 to this subpart.
(d) Boilers and process heaters with a heat input capacity of less than or equal to 5 million Btu per hour in the units designed to burn gas 2 (other) fuels subcategory or units designed to burn light liquid fuels subcategory must complete a tune-up every 5 years as specified in § 63.7540.
(e) Boilers and process heaters in the units designed to burn gas 1 fuels subcategory with a heat input capacity of less than or equal to 5 million Btu per hour must complete a tune-up every 5 years as specified in § 63.7540. Boilers and process heaters in the units designed to burn gas 1 fuels subcategory with a heat input capacity greater than 5 million Btu per hour and less than 10 million Btu per hour must complete a tune-up every 2 years as specified in § 63.7540. Boilers and process heaters in the units designed to burn gas 1 fuels subcategory are not subject to the emission limits in Tables 1 and 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart, or the operating limits in Table 4 to this subpart.
(f) These standards apply at all times the affected unit is operating, except during periods of startup and shutdown during which time you must comply only with items 5 and 6 of Table 3 to this subpart.
§ 63.7501 [Reserved]
General Compliance Requirements
§ 63.7505 What are my general requirements for complying with this subpart?
(a) You must be in compliance with the emission limits, work practice standards, and operating limits in this subpart. These emission and operating limits apply to you at all times the affected unit is operating except for the periods noted in § 63.7500(f).
(b) [Reserved]
(c) You must demonstrate compliance with all applicable emission limits using performance stack testing, fuel analysis, or continuous monitoring systems (CMS), including a continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS), continuous opacity monitoring system (COMS), continuous parameter monitoring system (CPMS), or particulate matter continuous parameter monitoring system (PM CPMS), where applicable. You may demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission limit for hydrogen chloride (HCl), mercury, or total selected metals (TSM) using fuel analysis if the emission rate calculated according to § 63.7530(c) is less than the applicable emission limit. For gaseous fuels, you may not use fuel analyses to comply with the TSM alternative standard or the HCl standard. Otherwise, you must demonstrate compliance for HCl, mercury, or TSM using performance stack testing, if subject to an applicable emission limit listed in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart.
(d) If you demonstrate compliance with any applicable emission limit through performance testing and subsequent compliance with operating limits through the use of CPMS, or with a CEMS or COMS, you must develop a site-specific monitoring plan according to the requirements in paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of this section for the use of any CEMS, COMS, or CPMS. This requirement also applies to you if you petition the EPA Administrator for alternative monitoring parameters under § 63.8(f).
(1) For each CMS required in this section (including CEMS, COMS, or CPMS), you must develop, and submit to the Administrator for approval upon request, a site-specific monitoring plan that addresses design, data collection, and the quality assurance and quality control elements outlined in § 63.8(d) and the elements described in paragraphs (d)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section. You must submit this site-specific monitoring plan, if requested, at least 60 days before your initial performance evaluation of your CMS. This requirement to develop and submit a site specific monitoring plan does not apply to affected sources with existing CEMS or COMS operated according to the performance specifications under appendix B to part 60 of this chapter and that meet the requirements of § 63.7525. Using the process described in § 63.8(f)(4), you may request approval of alternative monitoring system quality assurance and quality control procedures in place of those specified in this paragraph and, if approved, include the alternatives in your site-specific monitoring plan.
(i) Installation of the CMS sampling probe or other interface at a measurement location relative to each affected process unit such that the measurement is representative of control of the exhaust emissions (e.g., on or downstream of the last control device);
(ii) Performance and equipment specifications for the sample interface, the pollutant concentration or parametric signal analyzer, and the data collection and reduction systems; and
(iii) Performance evaluation procedures and acceptance criteria (e.g., calibrations, accuracy audits, analytical drift).
(2) In your site-specific monitoring plan, you must also address paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) Ongoing operation and maintenance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.8(c)(1)(ii), (c)(3), and (c)(4)(ii);
(ii) Ongoing data quality assurance procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.8(d); and
(iii) Ongoing recordkeeping and reporting procedures in accordance with the general requirements of § 63.10(c) (as applicable in Table 10 to this subpart), (e)(1), and (e)(2)(i).
(3) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each CMS in accordance with your site-specific monitoring plan.
(4) You must operate and maintain the CMS in continuous operation according to the site-specific monitoring plan.
(e) If you have an applicable emission limit, and you choose to comply using definition (2) of “startup” in § 63.7575, you must develop and implement a written startup and shutdown plan (SSP) according to the requirements in Table 3 to this subpart. The SSP must be maintained onsite and available upon request for public inspection.
Testing, Fuel Analyses, and Initial Compliance Requirements
§ 63.7510 What are my initial compliance requirements and by what date must I conduct them?
(a) For each boiler or process heater that is required or that you elect to demonstrate compliance with any of the applicable emission limits in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart through performance (stack) testing, your initial compliance requirements include all the following:
(1) Conduct performance tests according to § 63.7520 and Table 5 to this subpart.
(2) Conduct a fuel analysis for each type of fuel burned in your boiler or process heater according to § 63.7521 and Table 6 to this subpart, except as specified in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) For each boiler or process heater that burns a single type of fuel, you are not required to conduct a fuel analysis for each type of fuel burned in your boiler or process heater according to § 63.7521 and Table 6 to this subpart. For purposes of this subpart, units that use a supplemental fuel only for startup, unit shutdown, and transient flame stability purposes still qualify as units that burn a single type of fuel, and the supplemental fuel is not subject to the fuel analysis requirements under § 63.7521 and Table 6 to this subpart.
(ii) When natural gas, refinery gas, or other gas 1 fuels are co-fired with other fuels, you are not required to conduct a fuel analysis of those Gas 1 fuels according to § 63.7521 and Table 6 to this subpart. If gaseous fuels other than natural gas, refinery gas, or other gas 1 fuels are co-fired with other fuels and those non-Gas 1 gaseous fuels are subject to another subpart of this part, part 60, part 61, or part 65, you are not required to conduct a fuel analysis of those non-Gas 1 fuels according to § 63.7521 and Table 6 to this subpart.
(iii) You are not required to conduct a chlorine fuel analysis for any gaseous fuels. You must conduct a fuel analysis for mercury on gaseous fuels unless the fuel is exempted in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(3) Establish operating limits according to § 63.7530 and Table 7 to this subpart.
(4) Conduct CMS performance evaluations according to § 63.7525.
(b) For each boiler or process heater that you elect to demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission limits in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart for HCl, mercury, or TSM through fuel analysis, your initial compliance requirement is to conduct a fuel analysis for each type of fuel burned in your boiler or process heater according to § 63.7521 and Table 6 to this subpart and establish operating limits according to § 63.7530 and Table 8 to this subpart. The fuels described in paragraphs (a)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section are exempt from these fuel analysis and operating limit requirements. The fuels described in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section are exempt from the chloride fuel analysis and operating limit requirements. Boilers and process heaters that use a CEMS for mercury or HCl are exempt from the performance testing and operating limit requirements specified in paragraph (a) of this section for the HAP for which CEMS are used.
(c) If your boiler or process heater is subject to a carbon monoxide (CO) limit, your initial compliance demonstration for CO is to conduct a performance test for CO according to Table 5 to this subpart or conduct a performance evaluation of your continuous CO monitor, if applicable, according to § 63.7525(a). Boilers and process heaters that use a CO CEMS to comply with the applicable alternative CO CEMS emission standard listed in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart, as specified in § 63.7525(a), are exempt from the initial CO performance testing and oxygen concentration operating limit requirements specified in paragraph (a) of this section.
(d) If your boiler or process heater is subject to a PM limit, your initial compliance demonstration for PM is to conduct a performance test in accordance with § 63.7520 and Table 5 to this subpart.
(e) For existing affected sources (as defined in § 63.7490), you must complete the initial compliance demonstrations, as specified in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section, no later than 180 days after the compliance date that is specified for your source in § 63.7495 and according to the applicable provisions in § 63.7(a)(2) as cited in Table 10 to this subpart, except as specified in paragraph (j) of this section. You must complete an initial tune-up by following the procedures described in § 63.7540(a)(10)(i) through (vi) no later than the compliance date specified in § 63.7495, except as specified in paragraph (j) of this section. You must complete the one-time energy assessment specified in Table 3 to this subpart no later than the compliance date specified in § 63.7495.
(f) For new or reconstructed affected sources (as defined in § 63.7490), you must complete the initial compliance demonstration with the emission limits no later than July 30, 2013, or within 180 days after startup of the source, whichever is later.
(1) If you are demonstrating compliance with an emission limit in Tables 11 through 13 to this subpart that is less stringent than the applicable emission limit in Table 14 to this subpart, you must demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission limit in Table 14 no later than July 29, 2016.
(2) If you are demonstrating compliance with an emission limit in Table 14 to this subpart that is less stringent than the applicable emission limit in Table 1 to this subpart, you must demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission limit in Table 1 no later than October 6, 2025.
(g) For new or reconstructed affected sources (as defined in § 63.7490), you must demonstrate initial compliance with the applicable work practice standards in Table 3 to this subpart within the applicable annual, biennial, or 5-year schedule as specified in § 63.7515(d) following the initial compliance date specified in § 63.7495(a). Thereafter, you are required to complete the applicable annual, biennial, or 5-year tune-up as specified in § 63.7515(d).
(h) For affected sources (as defined in § 63.7490) that ceased burning solid waste consistent with § 63.7495(e) and for which the initial compliance date has passed, you must demonstrate compliance within 60 days of the effective date of the waste-to-fuel switch. If you have not conducted your compliance demonstration for this subpart within the previous 12 months, you must complete all compliance demonstrations for this subpart before you commence or recommence combustion of solid waste.
(i) For an existing EGU that becomes subject after January 31, 2016, you must demonstrate compliance within 180 days after becoming an affected source.
(j) For existing affected sources (as defined in § 63.7490) that have not operated between the effective date of the rule and the compliance date that is specified for your source in § 63.7495, you must complete the initial compliance demonstration, if subject to the emission limits in Table 2 or 14 to this subpart, as applicable, as specified in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section, no later than 180 days after the re-start of the affected source and according to the applicable provisions in § 63.7(a)(2) as cited in Table 10 to this subpart. You must complete an initial tune-up by following the procedures described in § 63.7540(a)(10)(i) through (vi) no later than 30 days after the re-start of the affected source and, if applicable, complete the one-time energy assessment specified in Table 3 to this subpart, no later than the compliance date specified in § 63.7495.
(k) For affected sources, as defined in § 63.7490, that switch subcategories consistent with § 63.7545(h) after the initial compliance date, you must demonstrate compliance within 60 days of the effective date of the switch, unless you had previously conducted your compliance demonstration for this subcategory within the previous 12 months.
§ 63.7515 When must I conduct subsequent performance tests, fuel analyses, or tune-ups?
(a) You must conduct all applicable performance tests according to § 63.7520 on an annual basis, except as specified in paragraphs (b) through (e), (g), and (h) of this section. Annual performance tests must be completed no more than 13 months after the previous performance test, except as specified in paragraphs (b) through (e), (g), and (h) of this section.
(b) If your performance tests for a given pollutant for at least 2 consecutive years show that your emissions are at or below 75 percent of the emission limit (or, in limited instances as specified in Tables 1 and 2 or 11 through 15 to this subpart, at or below the emission limit) for the pollutant, and if there are no changes in the operation of the individual boiler or process heater or air pollution control equipment that could increase emissions, you may choose to conduct performance tests for the pollutant every third year. Each such performance test must be conducted no more than 37 months after the previous performance test. If you elect to demonstrate compliance using emission averaging under § 63.7522, you must continue to conduct performance tests annually. The requirement to test at maximum chloride input level is waived unless the stack test is conducted for HCl. The requirement to test at maximum mercury input level is waived unless the stack test is conducted for mercury. The requirement to test at maximum TSM input level is waived unless the stack test is conducted for TSM.
(c) If a performance test shows emissions exceeded the emission limit or 75 percent of the emission limit (as specified in Tables 1 and 2 or 11 through 15 to this subpart) for a pollutant, you must conduct annual performance tests for that pollutant until all performance tests over a consecutive 2-year period meet the required level (at or below 75 percent of the emission limit, as specified in Tables 1 and 2 or 11 through 15).
(d) If you are required to meet an applicable tune-up work practice standard, you must conduct an annual, biennial, or 5-year performance tune-up according to § 63.7540(a)(10), (11), or (12), respectively. Each annual tune-up specified in § 63.7540(a)(10) must be no more than 13 months after the previous tune-up. Each biennial tune-up specified in § 63.7540(a)(11) must be conducted no more than 25 months after the previous tune-up. Each 5-year tune-up specified in § 63.7540(a)(12) must be conducted no more than 61 months after the previous tune-up. For a new or reconstructed affected source (as defined in § 63.7490), the first annual, biennial, or 5-year tune-up must be no later than 13 months, 25 months, or 61 months, respectively, after April 1, 2013 or the initial startup of the new or reconstructed affected source, whichever is later.
(e) If you demonstrate compliance with the mercury, HCl, or TSM based on fuel analysis, you must conduct a monthly fuel analysis according to § 63.7521 for each type of fuel burned that is subject to an emission limit in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart. You may comply with this monthly requirement by completing the fuel analysis any time within the calendar month as long as the analysis is separated from the previous analysis by at least 14 calendar days. If you burn a new type of fuel, you must conduct a fuel analysis before burning the new type of fuel in your boiler or process heater. You must still meet all applicable continuous compliance requirements in § 63.7540. If each of 12 consecutive monthly fuel analyses demonstrates 75 percent or less of the compliance level, you may decrease the fuel analysis frequency to quarterly for that fuel. If any quarterly sample exceeds 75 percent of the compliance level or you begin burning a new type of fuel, you must return to monthly monitoring for that fuel, until 12 months of fuel analyses are again less than 75 percent of the compliance level. If sampling is conducted on 1 day per month, samples should be no less than 14 days apart, but if multiple samples are taken per month, the 14-day restriction does not apply.
(f) You must report the results of performance tests and the associated fuel analyses within 60 days after the completion of the performance tests. This report must also verify that the operating limits for each boiler or process heater have not changed or provide documentation of revised operating limits established according to § 63.7530 and Table 7 to this subpart, as applicable. The reports for all subsequent performance tests must include all applicable information required in § 63.7550.
(g) For affected sources (as defined in § 63.7490) that have not operated since the previous compliance demonstration and more than 1 year has passed since the previous compliance demonstration, you must complete the subsequent compliance demonstration, if subject to the emission limits in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart, no later than 180 days after the re-start of the affected source and according to the applicable provisions in § 63.7(a)(2) as cited in Table 10 to this subpart. You must complete a subsequent tune-up by following the procedures described in § 63.7540(a)(10)(i) through (vi) and the schedule described in § 63.7540(a)(13) for units that are not operating at the time of their scheduled tune-up.
(h) If your affected boiler or process heater is in the unit designed to burn light liquid subcategory and you combust ultra-low sulfur liquid fuel, you do not need to conduct further performance tests (stack tests or fuel analyses) if the pollutants measured during the initial compliance performance tests meet the emission limits in Tables 1 or 2 of this subpart providing you demonstrate ongoing compliance with the emissions limits by monitoring and recording the type of fuel combusted on a monthly basis. If you intend to use a fuel other than ultra-low sulfur liquid fuel, natural gas, refinery gas, or other gas 1 fuel, you must conduct new performance tests within 60 days of burning the new fuel type.
(i) If you operate a CO CEMS that meets the Performance Specifications outlined in § 63.7525(a)(3) to demonstrate compliance with the applicable alternative CO CEMS emission standard listed in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart, you are not required to conduct CO performance tests and are not subject to the oxygen concentration operating limit requirement specified in § 63.7510(a).
§ 63.7520 What stack tests and procedures must I use?
(a) You must conduct all performance tests according to § 63.7(c), (d), (f), and (h). You must also develop a site-specific stack test plan according to the requirements in § 63.7(c). You shall conduct all performance tests under such conditions as the Administrator specifies to you based on the representative performance of each boiler or process heater for the period being tested. Upon request, you shall make available to the Administrator such records as may be necessary to determine the conditions of the performance tests.
(b) You must conduct each performance test according to the requirements in Table 5 to this subpart.
(c) You must conduct each performance test under the specific conditions listed in Tables 5 and 7 to this subpart. You must conduct performance tests at representative operating load conditions while burning the type of fuel or mixture of fuels that has the highest content of chlorine and mercury, and TSM if you are opting to comply with the TSM alternative standard and you must demonstrate initial compliance and establish your operating limits based on these performance tests. These requirements could result in the need to conduct more than one performance test. Following each performance test and until the next performance test, you must comply with the operating limit for operating load conditions specified in Table 4 to this subpart.
(d) You must conduct a minimum of three separate test runs for each performance test required in this section, as specified in § 63.7(e)(3). Each test run must comply with the minimum applicable sampling times or volumes specified in Tables 1 and 2 or 11 through 15 to this subpart.
(e) To determine compliance with the emission limits, you must use the F-Factor methodology and equations in sections 12.2 and 12.3 of EPA Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7 of this chapter to convert the measured particulate matter (PM) concentrations, the measured HCl concentrations, the measured mercury concentrations, and the measured TSM concentrations that result from the performance test to pounds per million Btu heat input emission rates.
(f) Except for a 30-day rolling average based on CEMS (or sorbent trap monitoring system) data, if measurement results for any pollutant are reported as below the method detection level (e.g., laboratory analytical results for one or more sample components are below the method defined analytical detection level), you must use the method detection level as the measured emissions level for that pollutant in calculating compliance. The measured result for a multiple component analysis (e.g., analytical values for multiple Method 29 fractions both for individual HAP metals and for total HAP metals) may include a combination of method detection level data and analytical data reported above the method detection level.
§ 63.7521 What fuel analyses, fuel specification, and procedures must I use?
(a) For solid and liquid fuels, you must conduct fuel analyses for chloride and mercury according to the procedures in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section and Table 6 to this subpart, as applicable. For solid fuels and liquid fuels, you must also conduct fuel analyses for TSM if you are opting to comply with the TSM alternative standard. For gas 2 (other) fuels, you must conduct fuel analyses for mercury according to the procedures in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section and Table 6 to this subpart, as applicable. For gaseous fuels, you may not use fuel analyses to comply with the TSM alternative standard or the HCl standard. For purposes of complying with this section, a fuel gas system that consists of multiple gaseous fuels collected and mixed with each other is considered a single fuel type and sampling and analysis is only required on the combined fuel gas system that will feed the boiler or process heater. Sampling and analysis of the individual gaseous streams prior to combining is not required. You are not required to conduct fuel analyses for fuels used for only startup, unit shutdown, and transient flame stability purposes. You are required to conduct fuel analyses only for fuels and units that are subject to emission limits for mercury, HCl, or TSM in Tables 1 and 2 or 11 through 15 to this subpart. Gaseous and liquid fuels are exempt from the sampling requirements in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section.
(b) You must develop a site-specific fuel monitoring plan according to the following procedures and requirements in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section, if you are required to conduct fuel analyses as specified in § 63.7510.
(1) If you intend to use an alternative analytical method other than those required by Table 6 to this subpart, you must submit the fuel analysis plan to the Administrator for review and approval no later than 60 days before the date that you intend to conduct the initial compliance demonstration described in § 63.7510.
(2) You must include the information contained in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (vi) of this section in your fuel analysis plan.
(i) The identification of all fuel types anticipated to be burned in each boiler or process heater.
(ii) For each anticipated fuel type, the notification of whether you or a fuel supplier will be conducting the fuel analysis.
(iii) For each anticipated fuel type, a detailed description of the sample location and specific procedures to be used for collecting and preparing the composite samples if your procedures are different from paragraph (c) or (d) of this section. Samples should be collected at a location that most accurately represents the fuel type, where possible, at a point prior to mixing with other dissimilar fuel types.
(iv) For each anticipated fuel type, the analytical methods from Table 6, with the expected minimum detection levels, to be used for the measurement of chlorine or mercury.
(v) If you request to use an alternative analytical method other than those required by Table 6 to this subpart, you must also include a detailed description of the methods and procedures that you are proposing to use. Methods in Table 6 shall be used until the requested alternative is approved.
(vi) If you will be using fuel analysis from a fuel supplier in lieu of site-specific sampling and analysis, the fuel supplier must use the analytical methods required by Table 6 to this subpart.
(c) You must obtain composite fuel samples for each fuel type according to the procedures in paragraph (c)(1) or (2) of this section, or the methods listed in Table 6 to this subpart, or use an automated sampling mechanism that provides representative composite fuel samples for each fuel type that includes both coarse and fine material. At a minimum, for demonstrating initial compliance by fuel analysis, you must obtain three composite samples. For monthly fuel analyses, at a minimum, you must obtain a single composite sample. For fuel analyses as part of a performance stack test, as specified in § 63.7510(a), you must obtain a composite fuel sample during each performance test run.
(1) If sampling from a belt (or screw) feeder, collect fuel samples according to paragraphs (c)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) Stop the belt and withdraw a 6-inch wide sample from the full cross-section of the stopped belt to obtain a minimum two pounds of sample. You must collect all the material (fines and coarse) in the full cross-section. You must transfer the sample to a clean plastic bag.
(ii) Each composite sample will consist of a minimum of three samples collected at approximately equal intervals during the testing period for sampling during performance stack testing.
(2) If sampling from a fuel pile or truck, you must collect fuel samples according to paragraphs (c)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) For each composite sample, you must select a minimum of five sampling locations uniformly spaced over the surface of the pile.
(ii) At each sampling site, you must dig into the pile to a uniform depth of approximately 18 inches. You must insert a clean shovel into the hole and withdraw a sample, making sure that large pieces do not fall off during sampling; use the same shovel to collect all samples.
(iii) You must transfer all samples to a clean plastic bag for further processing.
(d) You must prepare each composite sample according to the procedures in paragraphs (d)(1) through (7) of this section.
(1) You must thoroughly mix and pour the entire composite sample over a clean plastic sheet.
(2) You must break large sample pieces (e.g., larger than 3 inches) into smaller sizes.
(3) You must make a pie shape with the entire composite sample and subdivide it into four equal parts.
(4) You must separate one of the quarter samples as the first subset.
(5) If this subset is too large for grinding, you must repeat the procedure in paragraph (d)(3) of this section with the quarter sample and obtain a one-quarter subset from this sample.
(6) You must grind the sample in a mill.
(7) You must use the procedure in paragraph (d)(3) of this section to obtain a one-quarter subsample for analysis. If the quarter sample is too large, subdivide it further using the same procedure.
(e) You must determine the concentration of pollutants in the fuel (mercury and/or chlorine and/or TSM) in units of pounds per million Btu of each composite sample for each fuel type according to the procedures in Table 6 to this subpart, for use in Equations 7, 8, and 9 of this subpart.
(f) To demonstrate that a gaseous fuel other than natural gas or refinery gas qualifies as an other gas 1 fuel, as defined in § 63.7575, you must conduct a fuel specification analyses for mercury according to the procedures in paragraphs (g) through (i) of this section and Table 6 to this subpart, as applicable, except as specified in paragraph (f)(1) through (4) of this section, or as an alternative where fuel specification analysis is not practical, you must measure mercury concentration in the exhaust gas when firing only the gaseous fuel to be demonstrated as an other gas 1 fuel in the boiler or process heater according to the procedures in Table 6 to this subpart.
(1) You are not required to conduct the fuel specification analyses in paragraphs (g) through (i) of this section for natural gas or refinery gas.
(2) You are not required to conduct the fuel specification analyses in paragraphs (g) through (i) of this section for gaseous fuels that are subject to another subpart of this part, part 60, part 61, or part 65.
(3) You are not required to conduct the fuel specification analyses in paragraphs (g) through (i) of this section on gaseous fuels for units that are complying with the limits for units designed to burn gas 2 (other) fuels.
(4) You are not required to conduct the fuel specification analyses in paragraphs (g) through (i) of this section for gas streams directly derived from natural gas at natural gas production sites or natural gas plants.
(g) You must develop a site-specific fuel analysis plan for other gas 1 fuels according to the following procedures and requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) If you intend to use an alternative analytical method other than those required by Table 6 to this subpart, you must submit the fuel analysis plan to the Administrator for review and approval no later than 60 days before the date that you intend to conduct the initial compliance demonstration described in § 63.7510.
(2) You must include the information contained in paragraphs (g)(2)(i) through (vi) of this section in your fuel analysis plan.
(i) The identification of all gaseous fuel types other than those exempted from fuel specification analysis under (f)(1) through (3) of this section anticipated to be burned in each boiler or process heater.
(ii) For each anticipated fuel type, the identification of whether you or a fuel supplier will be conducting the fuel specification analysis.
(iii) For each anticipated fuel type, a detailed description of the sample location and specific procedures to be used for collecting and preparing the samples if your procedures are different from the sampling methods contained in Table 6 to this subpart. Samples should be collected at a location that most accurately represents the fuel type, where possible, at a point prior to mixing with other dissimilar fuel types. If multiple boilers or process heaters are fueled by a common fuel stream it is permissible to conduct a single gas specification at the common point of gas distribution.
(iv) For each anticipated fuel type, the analytical methods from Table 6 to this subpart, with the expected minimum detection levels, to be used for the measurement of mercury.
(v) If you request to use an alternative analytical method other than those required by Table 6 to this subpart, you must also include a detailed description of the methods and procedures that you are proposing to use. Methods in Table 6 to this subpart shall be used until the requested alternative is approved.
(vi) If you will be using fuel analysis from a fuel supplier in lieu of site-specific sampling and analysis, the fuel supplier must use the analytical methods required by Table 6 to this subpart. When using a fuel supplier’s fuel analysis, the owner or operator is not required to submit the information in § 63.7521(g)(2)(iii).
(h) You must obtain a single fuel sample for each fuel type for fuel specification of gaseous fuels.
(i) You must determine the concentration in the fuel of mercury, in units of microgram per cubic meter, dry basis, of each sample for each other gas 1 fuel type according to the procedures in Table 6 to this subpart.
§ 63.7522 Can I use emissions averaging to comply with this subpart?
(a) As an alternative to meeting the requirements of § 63.7500 for PM (or TSM), HCl, or mercury on a boiler or process heater-specific basis, if you have more than one existing boiler or process heater in any subcategories located at your facility, you may demonstrate compliance by emissions averaging, if your averaged emissions are not more than 90 percent of the applicable emission limit, according to the procedures in this section. You may not include new boilers or process heaters in an emissions average.
(b) For a group of two or more existing boilers or process heaters in the same subcategory that each vent to a separate stack, you may average PM (or TSM), HCl, or mercury emissions among existing units to demonstrate compliance with the limits in Table 2 or 15 to this subpart as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section, if you satisfy the requirements in paragraphs (c) through (g) of this section.
(1) You may average units using a CEMS or PM CPMS for demonstrating compliance.
(2) For mercury and HCl, averaging is allowed as follows:
(i) You may average among units in any of the solid fuel subcategories.
(ii) You may average among units in any of the liquid fuel subcategories.
(iii) You may average among units in a subcategory of units designed to burn gas 2 (other) fuels.
(iv) You may not average across the units designed to burn liquid, units designed to burn solid fuel, and units designed to burn gas 2 (other) subcategories.
(3) For PM (or TSM), averaging is only allowed between units within each of the following subcategories and you may not average across subcategories:
(i) Units designed to burn coal/solid fossil fuel.
(ii) Stokers/sloped grate/other units designed to burn kiln dried biomass/bio-based solids.
(iii) Stokers/sloped grate/other units designed to burn wet biomass/bio-based solids.
(iv) Fluidized bed units designed to burn biomass/bio-based solid.
(v) Suspension burners designed to burn biomass/bio-based solid.
(vi) Dutch ovens/pile burners designed to burn biomass/bio-based solid.
(vii) Fuel Cells designed to burn biomass/bio-based solid.
(viii) Hybrid suspension/grate burners designed to burn wet biomass/bio-based solid.
(ix) Units designed to burn heavy liquid fuel.
(x) Units designed to burn light liquid fuel.
(xi) Units designed to burn liquid fuel that are non-continental units.
(xii) Units designed to burn gas 2 (other) gases.
(c) For each existing boiler or process heater in the averaging group, the emission rate achieved during the initial compliance test for the HAP being averaged must not exceed the emission level that was being achieved on April 1, 2013 or the control technology employed during the initial compliance test must not be less effective for the HAP being averaged than the control technology employed on April 1, 2013.
(d) The averaged emissions rate from the existing boilers and process heaters participating in the emissions averaging option must not exceed 90 percent of the limits in Table 2 or 15 to this subpart at all times the affected units are subject to numeric emission limits following the compliance date specified in § 63.7495.
(e) You must demonstrate initial compliance according to paragraph (e)(1) or (2) of this section using the maximum rated heat input capacity or maximum steam generation capacity of each unit and the results of the initial performance tests or fuel analysis.
(1) You must use Equation 1a or 1b or 1c to this paragraph (e)(1) to demonstrate that the PM (or TSM), HCl, or mercury emissions from all existing units participating in the emissions averaging option for that pollutant do not exceed the emission limits in Table 2 or 15 to this subpart. Use Equation 1a if you are complying with the emission limits on a heat input basis, use Equation 1b if you are complying with the emission limits on a steam generation (output) basis, and use Equation 1c if you are complying with the emission limits on a electric generation (output) basis.
(2) If you are not capable of determining the maximum rated heat input capacity of one or more boilers that generate steam, you may use Equation 2 to this paragraph (e)(2) as an alternative to using Equation 1a of paragraph (e)(1) of this section to demonstrate that the PM (or TSM), HCl, or mercury emissions from all existing units participating in the emissions averaging option do not exceed the emission limits for that pollutant in Table 2 or 15 to this subpart that are in pounds per million Btu of heat input.
(f) After the initial compliance demonstration described in paragraph (e) of this section, you must demonstrate compliance on a monthly basis determined at the end of every month (12 times per year) according to paragraphs (f)(1) through (3) of this section. The first monthly period begins on the compliance date specified in § 63.7495. If the affected source elects to collect monthly data for up the 11 months preceding the first monthly period, these additional data points can be used to compute the 12-month rolling average in paragraph (f)(3) of this section.
(1) For each calendar month, you must use Equation 3a or 3b or 3c of this section to calculate the average weighted emission rate for that month. Use Equation 3a and the actual heat input for the month for each existing unit participating in the emissions averaging option if you are complying with emission limits on a heat input basis. Use Equation 3b and the actual steam generation for the month if you are complying with the emission limits on a steam generation (output) basis. Use Equation 3c and the actual electrical generation for the month if you are complying with the emission limits on an electrical generation (output) basis.
(2) If you are not capable of monitoring heat input, you may use Equation 4 of this section as an alternative to using Equation 3a of this section to calculate the average weighted emission rate using the actual steam generation from the boilers participating in the emissions averaging option.
(3) Until 12 monthly weighted average emission rates have been accumulated, calculate and report only the average weighted emission rate determined under paragraph (f)(1) or (2) of this section for each calendar month. After 12 monthly weighted average emission rates have been accumulated, for each subsequent calendar month, use Equation 5 of this section to calculate the 12-month rolling average of the monthly weighted average emission rates for the current calendar month and the previous 11 calendar months.
(g) You must develop, and submit upon request to the applicable Administrator for review and approval, an implementation plan for emission averaging according to the following procedures and requirements in paragraphs (g)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) If requested, you must submit the implementation plan no later than 180 days before the date that the facility intends to demonstrate compliance using the emission averaging option.
(2) You must include the information contained in paragraphs (g)(2)(i) through (vii) of this section in your implementation plan for all emission sources included in an emissions average:
(i) The identification of all existing boilers and process heaters in the averaging group, including for each either the applicable HAP emission level or the control technology installed as of January 31, 2013 and the date on which you are requesting emission averaging to commence;
(ii) The process parameter (heat input or steam generated) that will be monitored for each averaging group;
(iii) The specific control technology or pollution prevention measure to be used for each emission boiler or process heater in the averaging group and the date of its installation or application. If the pollution prevention measure reduces or eliminates emissions from multiple boilers or process heaters, the owner or operator must identify each boiler or process heater;
(iv) The test plan for the measurement of PM (or TSM), HCl, or mercury emissions in accordance with the requirements in § 63.7520;
(v) The operating parameters to be monitored for each control system or device consistent with § 63.7500 and Table 4, and a description of how the operating limits will be determined;
(vi) If you request to monitor an alternative operating parameter pursuant to § 63.7525, you must also include:
(A) A description of the parameter(s) to be monitored and an explanation of the criteria used to select the parameter(s); and
(B) A description of the methods and procedures that will be used to demonstrate that the parameter indicates proper operation of the control device; the frequency and content of monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements; and a demonstration, to the satisfaction of the Administrator, that the proposed monitoring frequency is sufficient to represent control device operating conditions; and
(vii) A demonstration that compliance with each of the applicable emission limit(s) will be achieved under representative operating load conditions. Following each compliance demonstration and until the next compliance demonstration, you must comply with the operating limit for operating load conditions specified in Table 4 to this subpart.
(3) If submitted upon request, the Administrator shall review and approve or disapprove the plan according to the following criteria:
(i) Whether the content of the plan includes all of the information specified in paragraph (g)(2) of this section; and
(ii) Whether the plan presents sufficient information to determine that compliance will be achieved and maintained.
(4) The applicable Administrator shall not approve an emission averaging implementation plan containing any of the following provisions:
(i) Any averaging between emissions of differing pollutants or between differing sources; or
(ii) The inclusion of any emission source other than an existing unit in the same subcategories.
(h) For a group of two or more existing affected units, each of which vents through a single common stack, you may average PM (or TSM), HCl, or mercury emissions to demonstrate compliance with the limits for that pollutant in Table 2 or 15 to this subpart if you satisfy the requirements in paragraph (i) or (j) of this section.
(i) For a group of two or more existing units in the same subcategory, each of which vents through a common emissions control system to a common stack, that does not receive emissions from units in other subcategories or categories, you may treat such averaging group as a single existing unit for purposes of this subpart and comply with the requirements of this subpart as if the group were a single unit.
(j) For all other groups of units subject to the common stack requirements of paragraph (h) of this section, including situations where the exhaust of affected units are each individually controlled and then sent to a common stack, the owner or operator may elect to:
(1) Conduct performance tests according to procedures specified in § 63.7520 in the common stack if affected units from other subcategories vent to the common stack. The emission limits that the group must comply with are determined by the use of Equation 6 to this paragraph (j)(1).
(2) Conduct performance tests according to procedures specified in § 63.7520 in the common stack. If affected units and non-affected units vent to the common stack, the non-affected units must be shut down or vented to a different stack during the performance test unless the facility determines to demonstrate compliance with the non-affected units venting to the stack; and
(3) Meet the applicable operating limit specified in § 63.7540 and Table 8 to this subpart for each emissions control system (except that, if each unit venting to the common stack has an applicable opacity operating limit, then a single continuous opacity monitoring system may be located in the common stack instead of in each duct to the common stack).
(k) The common stack of a group of two or more existing boilers or process heaters in the same subcategories subject to paragraph (h) of this section may be treated as a separate stack for purposes of paragraph (b) of this section and included in an emissions averaging group subject to paragraph (b) of this section.
§ 63.7525 What are my monitoring, installation, operation, and maintenance requirements?
(a) If your boiler or process heater is subject to a CO emission limit in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart, you must install, operate, and maintain an oxygen analyzer system, as defined in § 63.7575, or install, certify, operate and maintain continuous emission monitoring systems for CO and oxygen (O
(1) Install the CO CEMS including an O
(2) To demonstrate compliance with the applicable alternative CO CEMS emission standard listed in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart, you must install, certify, operate, and maintain a CO CEMS and an oxygen analyzer according to the applicable procedures under Performance Specification 4, 4A, or 4B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B; part 75 of this chapter (if an CO
(i) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each CO CEMS according to the requirements in § 63.8(e) and according to Performance Specification 4, 4A, or 4B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B.
(ii) During each relative accuracy test run of the CO CEMS, you must collect emission data for CO concurrently using both the CO CEMS and Method 10, 10A, or 10B at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-4. The relative accuracy testing must be conducted at representative operating conditions.
(iii) You must follow the quality assurance procedures (e.g., quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests) of Procedure 1 of appendix F to part 60. The measurement span value of the CO CEMS must be two times the applicable CO emission limit, expressed as a concentration.
(iv) Any CO CEMS that does not comply with this paragraph (a) cannot be used to meet any requirement in this subpart to demonstrate compliance with a CO emission limit listed in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart.
(v) For a new unit, complete the initial performance evaluation no later than July 30, 2013, or 180 days after the date of initial startup, whichever is later. For an existing unit, complete the initial performance evaluation no later than July 29, 2016.
(vi) When CO
(3) Complete a minimum of one cycle of CO and oxygen (or CO
(4) Reduce the CO CEMS data as specified in § 63.8(g)(2).
(5) Calculate one-hour arithmetic averages, corrected to 3 percent oxygen (or corrected to an CO
(6) For purposes of collecting CO data, operate the CO CEMS as specified in § 63.7535(b). You must use all the data collected during all periods in calculating data averages and assessing compliance, except that you must exclude certain data as specified in § 63.7535(c). Periods when CO data are unavailable may constitute monitoring deviations as specified in § 63.7535(d).
(7) Operate an oxygen trim system with the oxygen level set no lower than the lowest hourly average oxygen concentration measured during the most recent CO performance test as the operating limit for oxygen according to Table 7 to this subpart.
(b) If your boiler or process heater is in the unit designed to burn coal/solid fossil fuel subcategory or the unit designed to burn heavy liquid subcategory and has an average annual heat input rate greater than 250 MMBtu per hour from solid fossil fuel and/or heavy liquid, and you demonstrate compliance with the PM limit instead of the alternative TSM limit, you must install, maintain, and operate a PM CPMS monitoring emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system as specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (4) of this section. As an alternative to use of a PM CPMS to demonstrate compliance with the PM limit, you may choose to use a PM CEMS. If you choose to use a PM CEMS to demonstrate compliance with the PM limit instead of the alternative TSM limit, you must install, certify, maintain, and operate a PM CEMS monitoring emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system as specified in paragraph (b)(5) through (8) of this section. For other boilers or process heaters, you may elect to use a PM CPMS or PM CEMS operated in accordance with this section in lieu of using other CMS for monitoring PM compliance (e.g., bag leak detectors, ESP secondary power, and PM scrubber pressure). Owners of boilers and process heaters who elect to comply with the alternative TSM limit are not required to install a PM CPMS.
(1) Install, operate, and maintain your PM CPMS according to the procedures in your approved site-specific monitoring plan developed in accordance with § 63.7505(d), the requirements in § 63.7540(a)(9), and paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) The operating principle of the PM CPMS must be based on in-stack or extractive light scatter, light scintillation, beta attenuation, or mass accumulation detection of PM in the exhaust gas or representative exhaust gas sample. The reportable measurement output from the PM CPMS must be expressed as milliamps.
(ii) The PM CPMS must have a cycle time (i.e., period required to complete sampling, measurement, and reporting for each measurement) no longer than 60 minutes.
(iii) The PM CPMS must have a documented detection limit of 0.5 milligram per actual cubic meter, or less.
(2) For a new unit, complete the initial performance evaluation no later than July 30, 2013, or 180 days after the date of initial startup, whichever is later. For an existing unit, complete the initial performance evaluation no later than July 29, 2016.
(3) Collect PM CPMS hourly average output data for all boiler or process heater operating hours except as indicated in § 63.7535(a) through (d). Express the PM CPMS output as milliamps.
(4) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CPMS output data collected during all boiler or process heater operating hours (milliamps).
(5) Install, certify, operate, and maintain your PM CEMS according to the procedures in your approved site-specific monitoring plan developed in accordance with § 63.7505(d), the requirements in § 63.7540(a)(9), and paragraphs (b)(5)(i) through (iv) of this section.
(i) You shall conduct a performance evaluation of the PM CEMS according to the applicable requirements of § 60.8(e), and Performance Specification 11 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B of this chapter.
(ii) During each PM correlation testing run of the CEMS required by Performance Specification 11 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix B of this chapter, you shall collect PM and oxygen (or carbon dioxide) data concurrently (or within a 30-to 60-minute period) by both the CEMS and conducting performance tests using Method 5 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-3 or Method 17 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-6 of this chapter.
(iii) You shall perform quarterly accuracy determinations and daily calibration drift tests in accordance with Procedure 2 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix F of this chapter. You must perform Relative Response Audits annually and perform Response Correlation Audits every 3 years.
(iv) Within 60 days after the date of completing each CEMS relative accuracy test audit or performance test conducted to demonstrate compliance with this subpart, you must submit the relative accuracy test audit data and performance test data to the EPA by successfully submitting the data electronically into the EPA’s Central Data Exchange by using the Electronic Reporting Tool (see http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ert/erttool.html/).
(6) For a new unit, complete the initial performance evaluation no later than July 30, 2013, or 180 days after the date of initial startup, whichever is later. For an existing unit, complete the initial performance evaluation no later than July 29, 2016.
(7) Collect PM CEMS hourly average output data for all boiler or process heater operating hours except as indicated in § 63.7535(a) through (d).
(8) Calculate the arithmetic 30-day rolling average of all of the hourly average PM CEMS output data collected during all boiler or process heater operating hours.
(c) If you have an applicable opacity operating limit in this rule, and are not otherwise required or elect to install and operate a PM CPMS, PM CEMS, or a bag leak detection system, you must install, operate, certify and maintain each COMS according to the procedures in paragraphs (c)(1) through (7) of this section by the compliance date specified in § 63.7495.
(1) Each COMS must be installed, operated, and maintained according to Performance Specification 1 at appendix B to part 60 of this chapter.
(2) You must conduct a performance evaluation of each COMS according to the requirements in § 63.8(e) and according to Performance Specification 1 at appendix B to part 60 of this chapter.
(3) As specified in § 63.8(c)(4)(i), each COMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of sampling and analyzing for each successive 10-second period and one cycle of data recording for each successive 6-minute period.
(4) The COMS data must be reduced as specified in § 63.8(g)(2).
(5) You must include in your site-specific monitoring plan procedures and acceptance criteria for operating and maintaining each COMS according to the requirements in § 63.8(d). At a minimum, the monitoring plan must include a daily calibration drift assessment, a quarterly performance audit, and an annual zero alignment audit of each COMS.
(6) You must operate and maintain each COMS according to the requirements in the monitoring plan and the requirements of § 63.8(e). You must identify periods the COMS is out of control including any periods that the COMS fails to pass a daily calibration drift assessment, a quarterly performance audit, or an annual zero alignment audit. Any 6-minute period for which the monitoring system is out of control and data are not available for a required calculation constitutes a deviation from the monitoring requirements.
(7) You must determine and record all the 6-minute averages (and daily block averages as applicable) collected for periods during which the COMS is not out of control.
(d) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a CMS other than a PM CPMS or COMS, you must install, operate, and maintain each CMS according to the procedures in paragraphs (d)(1) through (5) of this section by the compliance date specified in § 63.7495.
(1) The CPMS must complete a minimum of one cycle of operation every 15-minutes. You must have a minimum of four successive cycles of operation, one representing each of the four 15-minute periods in an hour, to have a valid hour of data.
(2) You must operate the monitoring system as specified in § 63.7535(b), and comply with the data calculation requirements specified in § 63.7535(c).
(3) Any 15-minute period for which the monitoring system is out-of-control and data are not available for a required calculation constitutes a deviation from the monitoring requirements. Other situations that constitute a monitoring deviation are specified in § 63.7535(d).
(4) You must determine the 30-day rolling average of all recorded readings, except as provided in § 63.7535(c).
(5) You must record the results of each inspection, calibration, and validation check.
(e) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a flow monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (d) and (e)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) You must install the flow sensor and other necessary equipment in a position that provides a representative flow.
(2) You must use a flow sensor with a measurement sensitivity of no greater than 2 percent of the design flow rate.
(3) You must minimize, consistent with good engineering practices, the effects of swirling flow or abnormal velocity distributions due to upstream and downstream disturbances.
(4) You must conduct a flow monitoring system performance evaluation in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(f) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a pressure monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (d) and (f)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) Install the pressure sensor(s) in a position that provides a representative measurement of the pressure (e.g., PM scrubber pressure drop).
(2) Minimize or eliminate pulsating pressure, vibration, and internal and external corrosion consistent with good engineering practices.
(3) Use a pressure sensor with a minimum tolerance of 1.27 centimeters of water or a minimum tolerance of 1 percent of the pressure monitoring system operating range, whichever is less.
(4) Perform checks at least once each process operating day to ensure pressure measurements are not obstructed (e.g., check for pressure tap pluggage daily).
(5) Conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(6) If at any time the measured pressure exceeds the manufacturer’s specified maximum operating pressure range, conduct a performance evaluation of the pressure monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan and confirm that the pressure monitoring system continues to meet the performance requirements in you monitoring plan. Alternatively, install and verify the operation of a new pressure sensor.
(g) If you have an operating limit that requires a pH monitoring system, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (d) and (g)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Install the pH sensor in a position that provides a representative measurement of scrubber effluent pH.
(2) Ensure the sample is properly mixed and representative of the fluid to be measured.
(3) Calibrate the pH monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan and according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Clean the pH probe at least once each process operating day. Maintain on-site documentation that your calibration frequency is sufficient to maintain the specified accuracy of your device.
(4) Conduct a performance evaluation (including a two-point calibration with one of the two buffer solutions having a pH within 1 of the pH of the operating limit) of the pH monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(h) If you have an operating limit that requires a secondary electric power monitoring system for an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) operated with a wet scrubber, you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (h)(1) and (2) of this section.
(1) Install sensors to measure (secondary) voltage and current to the precipitator collection plates.
(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the electric power monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(i) If you have an operating limit that requires the use of a monitoring system to measure sorbent injection rate (e.g., weigh belt, weigh hopper, or hopper flow measurement device), you must meet the requirements in paragraphs (d) and (i)(1) through (2) of this section.
(1) Install the system in a position(s) that provides a representative measurement of the total sorbent injection rate.
(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the sorbent injection rate monitoring system in accordance with your monitoring plan at the time of each performance test but no less frequently than annually.
(j) If you are not required to use a PM CPMS and elect to use a fabric filter bag leak detection system to comply with the requirements of this subpart, you must install, calibrate, maintain, and continuously operate the bag leak detection system as specified in paragraphs (j)(1) through (6) of this section.
(1) You must install a bag leak detection sensor(s) in a position(s) that will be representative of the relative or absolute PM loadings for each exhaust stack, roof vent, or compartment (e.g., for a positive pressure fabric filter) of the fabric filter.
(2) Conduct a performance evaluation of the bag leak detection system in accordance with your monitoring plan and consistent with the guidance provided in EPA-454/R-98-015 (incorporated by reference, see § 63.14).
(3) Use a bag leak detection system certified by the manufacturer to be capable of detecting PM emissions at concentrations of 10 milligrams per actual cubic meter or less.
(4) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a device to record continuously the output signal from the sensor.
(5) Use a bag leak detection system equipped with a system that will alert plant operating personnel when an increase in relative PM emissions over a preset level is detected. The alert must easily recognizable (e.g., heard or seen) by plant operating personnel.
(6) Where multiple bag leak detectors are required, the system’s instrumentation and alert may be shared among detectors.
(k) For each unit that meets the definition of limited-use boiler or process heater, you must keep fuel use records for the days the boiler or process heater was operating.
(l) For each unit for which you decide to demonstrate compliance with the mercury or HCl emissions limits in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart by use of a CEMS for mercury or HCl, you must install, certify, maintain, and operate a CEMS measuring emissions discharged to the atmosphere and record the output of the system as specified in paragraphs (l)(1) through (8) of this section. For HCl, this option for an affected unit takes effect on the date of approval of a site-specific monitoring plan.
(1) Notify the Administrator one month before starting use of the CEMS, and notify the Administrator one month before stopping use of the CEMS.
(2) Each CEMS shall be installed, certified, operated, and maintained according to the requirements in § 63.7540(a)(14) for a mercury CEMS and § 63.7540(a)(15) for a HCl CEMS.
(3) For a new unit, you must complete the initial performance evaluation of the CEMS by the latest of the dates specified in paragraph (l)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) No later than July 30, 2013.
(ii) No later 180 days after the date of initial startup.
(iii) No later 180 days after notifying the Administrator before starting to use the CEMS in place of performance testing or fuel analysis to demonstrate compliance.
(4) For an existing unit, you must complete the initial performance evaluation by the latter of the two dates specified in paragraph (l)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(i) No later than July 29, 2016.
(ii) No later 180 days after notifying the Administrator before starting to use the CEMS in place of performance testing or fuel analysis to demonstrate compliance.
(5) Compliance with the applicable emissions limit shall be determined based on the 30-day rolling average of the hourly arithmetic average emissions rates using the continuous monitoring system outlet data. The 30-day rolling arithmetic average emission rate (lb/MMBtu) shall be calculated using the equations in EPA Reference Method 19 at 40 CFR part 60, appendix A-7, but substituting the mercury or HCl concentration for the pollutant concentrations normally used in Method 19.
(6) Collect CEMS hourly averages for all operating hours on a 30-day rolling average basis. Collect at least four CMS data values representing the four 15-minute periods in an hour, or at least two 15-minute data values during an hour when CMS calibration, quality assurance, or maintenance activities are being performed.
(7) The one-hour arithmetic averages required shall be expressed in lb/MMBtu and shall be used to calculate the boiler 30-day and 10-day rolling average emissions.
(8) You are allowed to substitute the use of the PM, mercury or HCl CEMS for the applicable fuel analysis, annual performance test, and operating limits specified in Table 4 to this subpart to demonstrate compliance with the PM, mercury or HCl emissions limit, and if you are using an acid gas wet scrubber or dry sorbent injection control technology to comply with the HCl emission limit, you are allowed to substitute the use of a sulfur dioxide (SO
(m) If your unit is subject to a HCl emission limit in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart and you have an acid gas wet scrubber or dry sorbent injection control technology and you elect to use an SO
(1) The SO
(2) For on-going quality assurance (QA), the SO
(3) For a new unit, the initial performance evaluation shall be completed no later than July 30, 2013, or 180 days after the date of initial startup, whichever is later. For an existing unit, the initial performance evaluation shall be completed no later than July 29, 2016.
(4) For purposes of collecting SO
(5) Collect CEMS hourly averages for all operating hours on a 30-day rolling average basis.
(6) Use only unadjusted, quality-assured SO
§ 63.7530 How do I demonstrate initial compliance with the emission limitations, fuel specifications and work practice standards?
(a) You must demonstrate initial compliance with each emission limit that applies to you by conducting initial performance tests and fuel analyses and establishing operating limits, as applicable, according to § 63.7520, paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, and Tables 5 and 7 to this subpart. The requirement to conduct a fuel analysis is not applicable for units that burn a single type of fuel, as specified by § 63.7510(a)(2). If applicable, you must also install, operate, and maintain all applicable CMS (including CEMS, COMS, and CPMS) according to § 63.7525.
(b) If you demonstrate compliance through performance stack testing, you must establish each site-specific operating limit in Table 4 to this subpart that applies to you according to the requirements in § 63.7520, Table 7 to this subpart, and paragraph (b)(4) of this section, as applicable. You must also conduct fuel analyses according to § 63.7521 and establish maximum fuel pollutant input levels according to paragraphs (b)(1) through (3) of this section, as applicable, and as specified in § 63.7510(a)(2). (Note that § 63.7510(a)(2) exempts certain fuels from the fuel analysis requirements.) However, if you switch fuel(s) and cannot show that the new fuel(s) does (do) not increase the chlorine, mercury, or TSM input into the unit through the results of fuel analysis, then you must repeat the performance test to demonstrate compliance while burning the new fuel(s).
(1) You must establish the maximum chlorine fuel input (Clinput) during the initial fuel analysis according to the procedures in paragraphs (b)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) You must determine the fuel type or fuel mixture that you could burn in your boiler or process heater that has the highest content of chlorine.
(ii) During the fuel analysis for hydrogen chloride, you must determine the fraction of the total heat input for each fuel type burned (Qi) based on the fuel mixture that has the highest content of chlorine, and the average chlorine concentration of each fuel type burned (Ci).
(iii) You must establish a maximum chlorine input level using Equation 7 of this section.
(2) You must establish the maximum mercury fuel input level (Mercuryinput) during the initial fuel analysis using the procedures in paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) You must determine the fuel type or fuel mixture that you could burn in your boiler or process heater that has the highest content of mercury.
(ii) During the compliance demonstration for mercury, you must determine the fraction of total heat input for each fuel burned (Qi) based on the fuel mixture that has the highest content of mercury, and the average mercury concentration of each fuel type burned (HGi).
(iii) You must establish a maximum mercury input level using Equation 8 of this section.
(3) If you opt to comply with the alternative TSM limit, you must establish the maximum TSM fuel input (TSMinput) for solid or liquid fuels during the initial fuel analysis according to the procedures in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (iii) of this section.
(i) You must determine the fuel type or fuel mixture that you could burn in your boiler or process heater that has the highest content of TSM.
(ii) During the fuel analysis for TSM, you must determine the fraction of the total heat input for each fuel type burned (Qi) based on the fuel mixture that has the highest content of TSM, and the average TSM concentration of each fuel type burned (TSMi).
(iii) You must establish a maximum TSM input level using Equation 9 of this section.
(4) You must establish parameter operating limits according to paragraphs (b)(4)(i) through (ix) of this section. As indicated in Table 4 to this subpart, you are not required to establish and comply with the operating parameter limits when you are using a CEMS to monitor and demonstrate compliance with the applicable emission limit for that control device parameter.
(i) For a wet acid gas scrubber, you must establish the minimum scrubber effluent pH and liquid flow rate as defined in § 63.7575, as your operating limits during the performance test during which you demonstrate compliance with your applicable limit. If you use a wet scrubber and you conduct separate performance tests for HCl and mercury emissions, you must establish one set of minimum scrubber effluent pH, liquid flow rate, and pressure drop operating limits. The minimum scrubber effluent pH operating limit must be established during the HCl performance test. If you conduct multiple performance tests, you must set the minimum liquid flow rate operating limit at the higher of the minimum values established during the performance tests.
(ii) For any particulate control device (e.g., ESP, particulate wet scrubber, fabric filter) for which you use a PM CPMS, you must establish your PM CPMS operating limit and determine compliance with it according to paragraphs (b)(4)(ii)(A) through (F) of this section.
(A) Determine your operating limit as the average PM CPMS output value recorded during the most recent performance test run demonstrating compliance with the filterable PM emission limit or at the PM CPMS output value corresponding to 75 percent of the emission limit if your PM performance test demonstrates compliance below 75 percent of the emission limit. You must verify an existing or establish a new operating limit after each repeated performance test. You must repeat the performance test annually and reassess and adjust the site-specific operating limit in accordance with the results of the performance test.
(1) Your PM CPMS must provide a 4-20 milliamp output and the establishment of its relationship to manual reference method measurements must be determined in units of milliamps.
(2) Your PM CPMS operating range must be capable of reading PM concentrations from zero to a level equivalent to at least two times your allowable emission limit. If your PM CPMS is an auto-ranging instrument capable of multiple scales, the primary range of the instrument must be capable of reading PM concentration from zero to a level equivalent to two times your allowable emission limit.
(3) During the initial performance test or any such subsequent performance test that demonstrates compliance with the PM limit, record and average all milliamp output values from the PM CPMS for the periods corresponding to the compliance test runs (e.g., average all your PM CPMS output values for three corresponding 2-hour Method 5I test runs).
(B) If the average of your three PM performance test runs are below 75 percent of your PM emission limit, you must calculate an operating limit by establishing a relationship of PM CPMS signal to PM concentration using the PM CPMS instrument zero, the average PM CPMS values corresponding to the three compliance test runs, and the average PM concentration from the Method 5 or performance test with the procedures in paragraphs (b)(4)(ii)(B)(1) through (4) of this section.
(1) Determine your instrument zero output with one of the following procedures:
(i) Zero point data for in-situ instruments should be obtained by removing the instrument from the stack and monitoring ambient air on a test bench.
(ii) Zero point data for extractive instruments should be obtained by removing the extractive probe from the stack and drawing in clean ambient air.
(iii) The zero point may also be established by performing manual reference method measurements when the flue gas is free of PM emissions or contains very low PM concentrations (e.g., when your process is not operating, but the fans are operating or your source is combusting only natural gas) and plotting these with the compliance data to find the zero intercept.
(iv) If none of the steps in paragraphs (b)(4)(ii)(B)(1)(i) through (iii) of this section are possible, you must use a zero output value provided by the manufacturer.
(2) Determine your PM CPMS instrument average in milliamps, and the average of your corresponding three PM compliance test runs, using equation 10.
(3) With your instrument zero expressed in milliamps, your three run average PM CPMS milliamp value, and your three run average PM concentration from your three compliance tests, determine a relationship of lb/MMBtu per milliamp with equation 11.
(4) Determine your source specific 30-day rolling average operating limit using the lb/MMBtu per milliamp value from Equation 11 in equation 12, below. This sets your operating limit at the PM CPMS output value corresponding to 75 percent of your emission limit.
(C) If the average of your three PM compliance test runs is at or above 75 percent of your PM emission limit you must determine your 30-day rolling average operating limit by averaging the PM CPMS milliamp output corresponding to your three PM performance test runs that demonstrate compliance with the emission limit using equation 13 and you must submit all compliance test and PM CPMS data according to the reporting requirements in paragraph (b)(4)(ii)(F) of this section.
(D) To determine continuous compliance, you must record the PM CPMS output data for all periods when the process is operating and the PM CPMS is not out-of-control. You must demonstrate continuous compliance by using all quality-assured hourly average data collected by the PM CPMS for all operating hours to calculate the arithmetic average operating parameter in units of the operating limit (milliamps) on a 30-day rolling average basis, updated at the end of each new operating hour. Use Equation 14 to determine the 30-day rolling average.
(E) Use EPA Method 5 of appendix A to part 60 of this chapter to determine PM emissions. For each performance test, conduct three separate runs under the conditions that exist when the affected source is operating at the highest load or capacity level reasonably expected to occur. Conduct each test run to collect a minimum sample volume specified in Table 1 or 2 or Tables 11 through 15 to this subpart, as applicable, for determining compliance with a new source limit or an existing source limit. Calculate the average of the results from three runs to determine compliance. You need not determine the PM collected in the impingers (“back half”) of the Method 5 particulate sampling train to demonstrate compliance with the PM standards in this subpart. This shall not preclude the permitting authority from requiring a determination of the “back half” for other purposes.
(F) For PM performance test reports used to set a PM CPMS operating limit, the electronic submission of the test report must also include the make and model of the PM CPMS instrument, serial number of the instrument, analytical principle of the instrument (e.g. beta attenuation), span of the instruments primary analytical range, milliamp value equivalent to the instrument zero output, technique by which this zero value was determined, and the average milliamp signals corresponding to each PM compliance test run.
(iii) For a particulate wet scrubber, you must establish the minimum pressure drop and liquid flow rate as defined in § 63.7575, as your operating limits during the three-run performan